JPH09242455A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve excavating capability by forming an earth and sand discharging spiral space composed of a spiral blade body on the outer periphery of a rotational driving cylinder body fitted around an air hammer device, and arranging a space leading to the spiral space in a device and bit devices. SOLUTION: A spiral blade body 36 is installed in an outer peripheral part of a cylinder body 34 fitted around an air hammer device 11, and a spiral space 38 is formed between it and a pipe 17 interpenetrated into an excavating hole. Next, both sides of a large diameter columnar body part of a columnar device 10 is cut off by a flat surface 10d, and a space 10e leading to the spiral space 38 is formed on both sides. Next, a part on the opposite side of straight end surfaces of bit devices 12a and 12b is cut off by a flat surface 12c, and a space 12d is formed. At excavating time, when the surfaces 10d and 12c almost coincide with each other, the spaces 10e and 12d lead to the space 38. Excavating earth and sand are pushed up up to an inlet of the space 38 by passing through the spaces 10e and 12d by high pressure discharge air from the device 11, and are discharged by the blade 36. Therefore, clogging when a clay layer is excavated can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drilling rig.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an excavator for digging a hole in the ground, there is known an excavator having a bit device which is attached to the bottom surface of a device which receives an impact force of a hammer and a rotational force of a hammer cylinder and rotates to excavate earth and sand or the like. It is (special fair 3
-21717). The conventional excavator described above is shown in FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. 10 is a device. The device 10 includes a hammer cylinder 18 of the air hammer device 11.
The protrusion provided on the inner peripheral wall of the screw cylinder 13 screwed and fixed in the lower part of the screw fits into the spline groove 25 so that it can move up and down and engage with the screw cylinder 13 in a non-rotating state. The hammer cylinder 18 is rotated about the axis by a driving device (not shown), and is rotated together with the hammer cylinder 18.

A collar 19 (retaining portion) is fitted to the upper end of the device 10 located in the hammer cylinder 18 to prevent the device 10 from being removed. The device 10 discharges the air discharged from the air hammer device 11 from the inside of the hammer cylinder 18 to the outside.
8 is provided with an air vent hole 23 that communicates the inside and outside.
Reference numerals 12a and 12b denote bit devices each having a substantially semicircular shape, and the eccentric shafts 14a and 14b provided on the upper surface of the device 1
The device 1 is rotatably inserted into and fixed to a shaft hole provided in a point-symmetrical position with respect to the center of the bottom surface of the circle 0.
It is attached to 0. A sufficient number of bits 16 made of cemented carbide are fixed to the bottom surfaces of the bit devices 12a and 12b.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a pipe, and as the excavation proceeds, the pressing portion 21 provided on the large diameter portion of the device 10 comes into contact with the collar 22 provided on the lower portion of the inner periphery of the pipe 17 so that the device 10 is brought to the device 10. To enter the excavation hole. Both bit devices 12a and 12b, as shown in FIG. 6, when both peripheral surfaces are circular when viewed from the bottom side,
The straight end faces are opposed to each other with an appropriate interval 15, and the diameter of the circle formed by both bit devices is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe 17. Then, as shown in FIG.
a and 12b rotate around the eccentric shafts 14a and 14b,
Both bit devices 12a, 12b when the straight end faces abut
The end portion of is projected outward from the pipe 17 to excavate earth and sand or the like.

When the hammer cylinder 18 and the device 10 rotate in the direction of arrow A, the bit devices 12a and 12b receiving resistance from the earth and sand also rotate about the eccentric shafts 14a and 14b, respectively, as shown in FIG. End faces abut.
After that, the straight end faces act as mutual stopper faces, the both bit devices 12a, 12b rotate with their tips protruding outward from the pipe 17, and while being hit by the hammer 20 of the air hammer device 11, Excavate earth and sand. The excavated earth and sand or the like is discharged by a high pressure discharge air from the air hammer device 11 into a discharge groove 24 provided on the outer periphery of the device 10.
And is discharged to the outside through between the hammer cylinder 18 and the pipe 17.

Since the drill hole is larger than the diameter of the pipe 17, the pipe 17 is drawn into the drill hole together with the device 10. Both bit devices 12a, 12b during excavation
Since its straight end surface abuts, it rotates stably. At the end of the excavation, the hammer cylinder 18 and the device 10 are rotated in slightly opposite directions. As a result, both bit devices 12a and 12b return to the state of FIG. 6 and the diameter decreases, so that the bit devices 12a and 12b together with the device 10 and the like are recovered upward through the pipe 17 while leaving the pipe 17 in the ground. be able to.

[0007]

When excavating, the device 10 is used.
Is lowered by its own weight, and the bit devices 12a and 12b are rotated while the bit devices 12a and 12b are in contact with the bottom of the excavation hole, and the impact force from the hammer 20 is received, so that excavation proceeds. However, when reaching the clay layer, the discharge groove 24 is likely to be clogged with the excavated earth and sand, so that the excavated earth and sand cannot be discharged and the excavation cannot be continued.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an excavator which can excavate a clay layer and the like well.

[0009]

The present invention has the following constitution in order to achieve the above object. That is, an air hammer device provided with a hammer movable in a hammer cylinder, a drive device for rotating the air hammer device about an axis through a rod supplying air to the air hammer device, and a lower end of the air hammer device. It has an air vent hole that connects the inside of the hammer cylinder to the outside and that receives the impact force from the hammer of the air hammer device while rotating around the axis with the air hammer device. A device that has a pressing part that presses the pipe inserted into the excavation hole with a predetermined gap and pulls the pipe into the excavation hole, and is attached to the lower end of the device and can rotate to excavate earth and sand etc. Excavator equipped with a bit device, which is fitted around the air hammer device and rotates about an axis. Attached to the outer periphery of the tubular body, which has a spiral blade body for discharging upwardly the earth and sand discharged into the gap between the air hammer device and the pipe, and the device has a cylindrical shape as a whole. At the same time, both sides are cut out to form a space communicating with the spiral space between the spiral blade and the pipe on both sides, and the bit device is also cut out on both sides to form the spiral space on both sides. It is characterized by the formation of a space leading to.

Since both side walls of the device and both sides of the bit device are cut out to form a space communicating with the spiral space between the spiral blade and the pipe, even when a clay layer or the like is reached. Excavated earth and sand is sent from the space to the inlet of the spiral space by high-pressure exhaust air, and when it reaches the spiral space, it is forcibly pushed up by the spiral blades and discharged, so there is no clogging, and efficiency is improved. Drilling can be done.

[0011]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The basic configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the conventional excavator shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7. That is, the hammer device 11 and the device 1
0, the bit devices 12a and 12b, and the pipe 17 are the same as the conventional device in the basic configuration for bringing them into the excavation hole. The same members as those of the conventional device are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, in the device 10, the screw cylinder 1 screwed to the lower portion of the hammer cylinder 18 is used.
A columnar body portion 10b having a diameter smaller than that of the columnar portion 10a is provided above the portion of the columnar portion 10a provided with the spline groove 25, which is a portion to be fitted into the columnar member 3. A collar 19 as a part is fitted. The collar 27, which is located below the collar 19 and has a diameter larger than that of the collar 19, is attached to the columnar body portion 10b.
A coil spring 30 as a bullet floor member between the collar 27 and the upper end surface of the screw cylinder 13 (or between the collar 27 and a protrusion (not shown) provided on the inner surface of the hammer cylinder 18). It is arranged.

This coil spring 30 is used for the device 1
0 descends due to its own weight, and color 1 via color 27
When the elastic member is elastically received at the portion 9, the striking surface which is the upper end surface of the columnar body portion 10b is always within the stroke range of the hammer 20, and the device is always at a height position where the striking by the hammer 20 is possible. It is a bed of ten. To attach the device 10 to the hammer cylinder 18 as follows. First, the screw cylinder 13 is provided with a columnar body portion 10b,
In addition, the spline groove 25 is formed on the columnar portion 10a by the screw cylinder 1.
3, the coil spring 30 is arranged on the outer periphery of the columnar body portion 10b, the collar 19 is fitted on the upper end of the columnar body portion 10b, and the collar 27 divided into two is fitted. In this state, the columnar body portion 10b is attached to the hammer cylinder 18
Then, the screw cylinder 13 is screwed into and mounted on the hammer cylinder 18.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a rod, which is an air hammer device 1
1, high-pressure compressed air is sent to operate the hammer 20. The rod 21 is connected to a compressed air source (compressor) (not shown) and is rotated about an axis by a drive device (not shown) such as a hydraulic motor, whereby the air hammer device 11 and the device 1 are rotated.
0, rotate the bit devices 12a, 12b as described above. Reference numeral 34 denotes a cylindrical body, which is externally fitted to the air hammer device 11 and is located in a gap between the air hammer device 11 and the pipe 17, and is rotated about an axis by a drive source (not shown). The tubular body 34 may be driven by the drive device of the air hammer device 11 so as to rotate simultaneously with the air hammer device 11.

Reference numeral 36 is a spiral blade body, which is mounted on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 34 and forms a spiral space 38 with the pipe 17. The device 10 is basically formed in a cylindrical shape. In this embodiment, as clearly shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a large-diameter columnar body portion 10c (a pressing portion 21 is formed on the upper end portion thereof) which is a portion protruding downward from the air hammer 11 of the device 10. Both sides of the space 10e (shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) are formed by cutting (cutting out) flat surfaces 10d extending from the top surface to the bottom surface. Similarly, both bit devices 12
The portions of a and 12b opposite to the straight end faces are cut off with flat surfaces 12c to form spaces 12d on both sides. As shown in FIG. 3, when excavating, when the flat end surfaces of both bit devices 12a and 12b are in contact with each other and both flat surfaces 10d and 12c are made to substantially coincide with each other, both spaces 10e and 12d spiral. Since it will lead straight to the space 38,
Discharge of earth and sand becomes smoother. Device 1
The surface for cutting out the columnar body portion 10c of 0 and both bit devices 12a, 12b does not necessarily have to be a flat surface.

Since it is constructed as described above, excavation can be performed in the normal state as in the conventional case. The same is true of taking the pipe 17 into the excavation hole. And even in the clay layer, it is possible to continue excavation without clogging with earth and sand. That is, both sides of the device 10 and both bit devices 12a and 12b are cut (notched) to form the spaces 10e and 12d communicating with the spiral space 38 on both sides, so that high-pressure exhaust air from the air hammer device 11 is used. The excavated earth and sand and the like are reliably pushed up to the entrance of the spiral space 38 through the wide spaces 10e and 12d, and the earth and sand and the like that have reached the spiral space 38 are forcibly lifted by the spiral blade body 36 and discharged. is there. In addition, since the device 10 is only excised on both sides, the pressing portion 2
No. 1 remains as it is (a part of the conventional art), and the pipe 17 is taken into the excavation hole at the same time as the excavation as in the conventional art.

Even if the earth and sand are clogged, the device 1
No. 0 is hit by a bullet floor member (coil spring 30), so that it can always be hit by the hammer 20, and the soil that has been clogged due to the impact from the hammer 20 is dropped or peeled off. As a result, the blockage is cleared and the waste is discharged, so that it is possible to continue excavation. That is, even if the soil layer is clogged with the clay layer or the like, excavation can be performed while the clogging is eliminated by the impact of continuous hammering from the hammer 20.

Incidentally, in the conventional device shown in FIG.
When reaching the clay layer, the discharge groove 24 is easily clogged by the excavated earth and sand, which causes the pressure in the excavation hole and thus also the pressure in the hammer cylinder 18 through the air bleeding hole 23 to be extremely high, which results in an air hammer device. 11 is pushed up with respect to the device 10, the distance between the hammer 20 and the upper end surface of the device 10 is increased, and the hammer 20 cannot hit the so-called state of so-called blank driving, which makes excavation impossible. Occurs. However, as described above, even if the air hammer device 11 is pulled up by placing the device 10 on the bullet floor member, the device 10 is also simultaneously received by the bullet floor member at a position where it can be hit by the hammer 20. Of.

The bullet floor member does not necessarily have to be provided. That is, the earth and sand are surely raised through the spaces 10e and 12d, and the earth and sand and the like can be forcibly discharged by the spiral blade 36. Bit device 12
Also, a and 12b are not limited to the above example.

Although the present invention has been variously described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Of course.

[0021]

As described above, according to the excavator according to the present invention, both sides of the device and both sides of the bit device are cut out to form a space communicating with the spiral space between the spiral blade and the pipe. Therefore, even if it reaches the clay layer, the excavated earth and sand is sent from the space to the inlet of the spiral space by high-pressure discharge air, and when it reaches the spiral space, it is forced by the spiral blade body. Since it is pushed up and discharged, clogging does not occur and efficient excavation can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of an excavation device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view seen from the bottom side of the bit device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram seen from the bottom side of the bit device during excavation.

FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view of a device.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an outline of a conventional excavating device.

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the bit device.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view showing the state of the bit device during excavation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 device 10d flat surface 10e space 12c flat surface 12d space 11 air hammer device 12a, 12b bit device 13 screw cylinder 17 pipe 18 hammer cylinder 19 collar 20 hammer 21 pressing portion 23 air vent hole 24 discharge groove 25 spline groove 27 color 30 coil Spring (bullet floor member) 32 Rod 34 Cylindrical body 36 Spiral blade 38 Spiral space

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air hammer device provided with a hammer movable in a hammer cylinder, a drive device for rotating the air hammer device about an axis through a rod for supplying air to the air hammer device, and an air hammer. It is attached to the lower end of the device and rotates with the air hammer device about the axis and receives an impact force from the hammer of the air hammer device and has an air vent hole that communicates the inside and outside of the hammer cylinder with the air hammer device. A device having a pressing portion for pressing a pipe inserted into the excavation hole with a predetermined gap between the device and the pipe to bring the pipe into the excavation hole, and being attached to the lower end of the device and rotating to rotate earth, sand, etc. A bit excavating device including a bit device capable of excavating, which is externally fitted to the air hammer device and has an axis as a center. Attached to the outer circumference of a rotating cylinder, and has a spiral blade for discharging upwardly the earth and sand discharged into the gap between the air hammer device and the pipe, and the device has an overall cylindrical shape. Is formed on both sides of the spiral blade body and the pipe to form a space communicating with the spiral space between the pipe, and the bit device is also cut on both sides to form the spiral on both sides. An excavation device characterized in that a space communicating with the space is formed.