JPH09242113A - Dredging and disposing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dredging and disposing device by which precipitated mud on the water bottom of port, river, marsh, lake, etc., can be efficiently dredged and disposed in a dense condition with less water as far as possible. SOLUTION: A dredging and disposing device dredging mud precipitated on the water bottom and disposing it, is constituted of a dredger 40 installed on a dredging boat, a lifting and rotating device for the dredger 40 deg., and a pneumatic conveyor for the dredged material. The dredger 40 is constituted of a bucket 41 provided with a mud intake, a plurality of bar screens 45 arranged at the mud intake to prevent foreign materials, an excavating rotor 50 provided with a plurality of excavating blades arranged at the mud intake and a rotary driving means, a screw conveyor 46 scraping the mud collected in the bucket 41, and the rotary driving means for the screw conveyor. And the disposing device is provided with a delivery pipe connected to the mud delivery opening, a booster pump installed in the delivery pipes, a valve, and an ejector for compressed air.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dredging and discharging device for dredging soft mud accumulated on the bottom of water such as harbors, lakes, rivers, etc. The present invention relates to a dredging / discharging device that can be dredged and continuously transferred in large quantities to remote destinations.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional dredging apparatuses include a pump type, a grab bucket type and a backhoe type. In this pump-type dredging apparatus, a large-capacity pump is installed on a barge, a dredger, or the like, a hose is extended from the pump to the bottom of the sea or lake, and the soft mud deposited on the bottom is sucked up together with the water. In addition, as another dredging device, a grab bucket type that opens and closes a grab bucket at the bottom of the water and scoops it, a backhoe type dredging device that bends and scoops a bucket with an arm, and a recently developed vertical screw conveyor type dredging device Is also used. Then, the soft mud thus dredged is mainly carried to a landfill by a carrier ship called an earth carrier.

[0003]

However, of the above-mentioned dredging devices, the pump-type dredging device has a drawback that the amount of water sucked up at the same time as the soft mud is too large and the spillage treatment requires a great deal of cost. was there. Also,
The grab-bucket type and backhoe-type dredging device has the drawback of polluting the ocean in the dredging area because the bucket moves up and down each time it picks up the soft mud, and the vertical screw conveyor type dredging device has a large thickness. Although it has the advantage of continuously dredging only a large amount of soft mud with a high concentration in the soft mud layer as much as possible, the amount of water that accompanies it is large when the thickness of the soft mud layer is small. There was a disadvantage that it was not suitable for thin layer dredging. In the present invention, although a bucket is used, once the bucket is put into water, the seabed soft mud is dredged semi-continuously without raising or lowering the water each time, and not only a thin layer but also a thick layer to a certain extent, An object of the present invention is to provide a dredging / discharging device capable of dredging a mud layer having a certain degree of hardness to a high concentration, and taking into consideration the prevention of adhesion of soft mud to a dredging portion even for a soft mud layer having high adhesiveness.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] By solving such a problem, the water accompanying the thin soft mud layer is reduced as much as possible, and only the soft mud is highly concentrated continuously and at a remote purpose. In order to stably convey to the ground, in the first invention, in the first invention, the dredging device installed on the dredging ship and the crawler that is equipped with the dredging device and is traversable on the dredging ship are loaded. The lifting and lowering device for raising and lowering the dredging device and the discharging device connected to the dredging device for carrying the dredged material by air are formed, and the dredging device is formed into a hairpin-shaped curved soft mud intake. A bucket with a mouth, a plurality of bar screens for preventing foreign matter from being vertically arranged at equal intervals in the soft mud intake port, and a tip which is arranged in the soft mud intake port and is driven to rotate about a horizontal rotation axis. A plurality of sweeps through each gap of the bar screen An excavation rotor provided with excavation blades, an excavation rotor rotation driving means, a screw conveyor horizontally disposed in the width direction inside the anti-opening portion of the bucket and scraping the soft mud taken in the bucket to the width direction central portion, and The discharging device comprises a screw conveyor rotation driving means, and the discharging device includes a discharging pipe connected to a soft mud discharge port at the center of the bucket anti-opening part of the dredging device, a pressurizing pump provided in the discharging pipe, and an opening / closing mechanism Equipped with a valve and a compressed air ejector,
At least one of the group of comb-shaped excavating blades passing through the same portion of the bar screen gap and sweeping is made thicker than the other remaining excavating blades so as to have a width slightly smaller than the bar screen gap. It was configured. And in 2nd invention, the raising / lowering turning apparatus of 1st invention was formed in the backhoe. Further, in the third invention, the bar screens of the first and second inventions are curved in a semi-arcuate shape and arranged on the downstream side or the upstream side of the excavating rotor. Further, in the fourth invention, a gamma ray densitometer or a transparent monitoring tube is provided in the middle of the discharge tube.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a dredging device is lowered from a dredging vessel moored at a dredging site to a soft mud layer at the bottom of the water by an elevating and swiveling device, and a bucket is mounted on a soft mud layer while rotationally driving a screw conveyor and an excavation rotor. Then, the bucket is moved toward the opening (toward the soft mud intake port) by operating the lifting and swiveling device. As the bucket moves forward, the bucket is buried in the soft mud and the soft mud enters the bucket and fills the bucket. At this time, the rotation of the excavation rotor at the opening (soft mud intake) causes the excavation blades to chop up the hard soft mud in front of the opening and facilitate taking it into the bucket.
Eliminate foreign matter larger than the bar screen gap mixed in the soft mud. Further, a plurality of excavation blades are arranged at equal intervals in a comb shape at the tips of a plurality of spokes projecting at right angles in the radial direction from the horizontal rotation axis of the excavation rotor, and at the same location of the bar screen gap. At least one of the group of comb-shaped drilling blades passing through and sweeping through is made thicker than the widths of the other remaining drilling blades so as to have a width slightly smaller than the bar screen gap, so that the stickiness is high. Even if the bar screen is clogged with the soft mud during the dredging operation of the soft mud layer, the thicker excavating blade removes the adhered soft mud from the bar screen. The soft mud thus taken into the bucket is sequentially collected in the widthwise central portion by the screw conveyor behind the inside of the bucket and moved from the soft mud discharge port into the discharge pipe. In the discharge pipe, the soft mud passes through the on-off valve, is pressurized by the pressurizing pump, and is plug-transported in the discharge pipe by the compressed air injected from the ejector to be transferred to the remote destination. As described above, the buckets are sequentially moved on the dredger by the lifting and swiveling device to repeat the dredging work, and when the work in a certain dredging work area is completed, the dredger is moved to the next work site and again the same. Repeat the work. In addition, the bucket moving method in the same dredging work area is a method of radially pulling toward the center of rotation of the hoisting and slewing device (rake-like drawing method) and a hoisting and slewing device in which the bucket is arranged at right angles to the dredger. There is a method of sweeping the work area while turning left and right around the turning center (fan turning method).

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 10 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a dredging and discharging device, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of an essential part of the dredging and discharging device, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged part of the dredging device. FIG. 4 is a plan view, FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of an essential part of the dredging device, FIG. 5 is a side view of an excavation rotor of the dredging device, FIG. 6 is a working range explanatory view of a hoisting and swinging device (backhoe), and FIG. 8 and 9 are explanatory diagrams of the dredging work process, and FIG. 10 is a front view of the dredging device.

The dredging and discharging device 100 is a lifting / lowering device 20 movably mounted on the dredger 10, and a soft mud A deposited on the bottom B of the seabed connected to the tip of the lifting / lowering device 20.
And a discharge device 60 for transferring the dredged soft mud to a remote destination.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the lifting and lowering turning device 20 is a backhoe 2 which is turnably attached to a crawler 20a.
0A is adopted. A dredging device 40 is attached to the tip of the backhoe 20A that is the elevating and swiveling device 20, and the soft mud collected by the dredging device 40 is transported over a long distance by a subsequent discharging device 60.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the dredging device 40 includes a bucket 41 formed by bending a steel plate into a hairpin shape and having an opening at one end, a bar screen 45 in the bucket 41, an excavation rotor 50, and It is composed of a screw conveyor 46 and the like. The bucket 41 is connected to two arms of the elevating and slewing device 20 by pin joints 44a and 44b, respectively, via a connecting pipe 42 provided on the top of the bucket 41, a support 43 bolted to the connecting pipe 42, and an attachment 44. It By operating the elevating and lowering device 20, the bucket 41 can be moved up and down to an arbitrary height, its inclination angle can be changed, or the bucket 41 can be turned.

In the vicinity of the opening inside the bucket 41, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of bar screens 45 which are vertically curved inward in a semi-arcuate shape are arranged at equal intervals in the lateral width direction of the bucket 41. It An excavation rotor 50 is arranged in front of the bar screen 45, as shown in FIG. The excavation rotor 50 is rotatable by a horizontal rotary shaft 50a extending in the lateral width direction of the bucket 41 and supported at both ends thereof. 4, 4 spokes (3 places) are provided so as to project, and a plurality of excavating blades 52 are arranged in a comb shape at the tip end thereof so as to be arranged radially outward.
The tip sweeps through the gap of the bar screen 45 and removes foreign matter that cannot pass through the bar screen 45. The excavation blade 52 includes a plate-shaped excavation blade 52a having a width smaller than the bar screen gap and a thick excavation blade 52b having a width slightly smaller than the bar screen gap.
There are various types, and at least one of the group of comb-shaped excavating blades 52 that passes through the same portion of the bar screen gap and sweeps is a thick excavating blade 52b close to the bar screen gap. The reason is to eliminate the clogging caused by the adhesion of the soft mud to the bar screen gap, which occurred during the dredging operation of the highly sticky soft mud layer. The blade 52b is not provided in order to prevent the passage resistance from becoming too large.
When the bar screen gap is 70 mm, for example, the width of the excavation blade 52a is about 20 mm and the width of the excavation blade 52b is about 60 mm. The excavation rotor 50 is rotatably driven by a hydraulic motor, and its rotation speed is variable and usually 30 rpm. The bar screen 45 may be vertical. Further, the excavation rotor 50 is curved outward (to the front side).
It may be arranged on the front side of. Screen gap is 60 to 7
It is about 0 mm.

A spiral screw conveyor 46 is horizontally arranged in the widthwise direction of the bucket 41 at the opposite opening of the bucket 41, and the screw blades 46a are twisted in the opposite directions at the center of the screw conveyor. The soft sludge that has entered from the section is scraped to the center by the rotating action of the screw blades 46a of the screw conveyor 46, and to the soft mud discharge port (specifically, the discharge pipe 48) provided in this center. It works to transfer the soft mud. The diameter of the screw blade 46a is about 300 mm,
The screw conveyor 46 is driven by a hydraulic motor, and the number of rotations thereof is variable and usually 200 to 500 rpm.

After the discharge pipe 48, a discharging pipe 66 for conveying soft mud air and a discharging device 60 including a pressurizing pump 62, an opening / closing valve 64, an ejector 65 and the like are installed. FIG.
In this embodiment, the elbow pipe 61 is connected to the discharge pipe 48,
Next, pressurizing pump 62, elbow pipe 63, open / close valve 6
4, a discharge pipe 66 having an ejector 65 and a flexible discharge pipe 67 are connected to convey the sludge to a distant destination by air. The ejector 65 injects compressed air into the discharge pipe 66 and conveys the dredged soft mud to a distant destination by plug transportation.
A check valve may be provided at any position of the discharge device 60 to prevent backflow of the soft mud due to compressed air injection.

The hoisting and swiveling device 20 moves, tilts, or swivels the bucket 41 to a predetermined height, and it is usually convenient to use the backhoe 20A. Since the backhoe 20A performs the work behavior as shown in FIG. 6, the water depth at the dredging work site and the layer height of the soft mud layer to be dredged are referred to while referring to the maximum excavation depth A and the maximum excavation radius B. It is important to select a model number with appropriate specifications in consideration.

Next, the operation of the dredging / discharging device 100 of the present invention configured as described above will be described. First, the dredging vessel 10 is anchored at a desired dredging site, and the lifting / lowering turning device 20 is operated to gently lower the dredging device 40 to the bottom of the water. After that, the screw conveyor 46 and the excavation rotor 50 in the bucket 41 are rotationally driven, and the bucket 41 is moved substantially horizontally while driving the pressurizing pump 62 of the discharging device 60 and supplying compressed air to the ejector 65. Then, the dredging work of the soft mud is started. The method of moving the bucket 41 is as described above.
There are two ways. That is, the method of pulling radially toward the center of rotation of the hoisting and swiveling device (rake-like pulling method) and the bucket are arranged at a right angle to the dredger to work while turning left and right around the turning center of the hoisting and swiveling device. There is a method of sweeping over the area (fan-shaped turning method), but either method may be adopted.

The rake-like drawing method is as shown in FIG.
At the swivel center C ₁ of the elevating and swiveling device 20, the sludge is dredged in the centripetal direction drawn by the solid line in the figure, and in the dotted line in the figure, the bucket is slightly floated above the seabed and moved in the water without dredging. When the work at the turning center C ₁ is completed, the dredger 10 is moved to the turning center C ₂
Move to the position of and repeat the same operation. On the other hand, in the fan-shaped turning method, as shown in FIG. 9, the bucket 41 is swung left and right to perform dredging work. When the work of the turning center C ₁ is finished, the dredger 10 is moved to the position of the turning center C ₂ and operated again in the same manner as in the rake-like pulling method. In either of the dotted lines in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 (only the movement of the bucket), the opening / closing valve 64 of the discharging device 60 described below is closed.

By horizontally moving the bucket 41 horizontally in the work area, soft mud is taken into the bucket from the opening of the bucket 41. At this time, even if the soft mud layer is a hard formation, the excavation blades 52 of the rotor 50 excavate the hard formation and cut it into the bucket 41. When foreign matter (wood, iron pieces, algae, plastic containers, etc.) is mixed with the soft mud sucked into the bucket, if the foreign matter is larger than the gap of the bar screen 45, it passes through the bar screen 45. The excavation blades 52 (excavation blades 52a and 52b), which cannot be formed and whose tips enter the gap and rotate while sweeping, are removed from the bar screen 45. In this way, the soft mud that has passed through the bar screen 45 and is taken into the bucket sequentially reaches the rear portion of the bucket, is collected by the screw conveyor 46 at the discharge port at the central portion in the bucket width direction, and exits the discharge pipe 48. It is sent to the discharging device 60.

The soft mud discharged from the discharge pipe 48 is pressurized by the pressure pump 62.
The compressed air injected by the ejector 65 in the discharge pipe 66 after passing through the open / close valve 64 in the open state is plug-transported, and is transported from the dredger 10 to the distant destination via the discharge pipe 67. To be done. In the present invention, since the soft mud is transported at a high concentration (only the soft mud is reduced with the accompanying water as small as possible), the work is carried out, for example, in the step shown in FIG. 7B. That is, the soft mud in the bucket 41 is, for example, by a method of scraping radially in a radial direction as shown in FIG.
When moving in the centripetal direction, that is, when the dredging work is actually performed, the water content of the soft mud is small. Therefore, the open / close valve 64 is opened to take the soft mud into the transport device 60, while the soft mud is moved away from the bucket 41 in the centrifugal direction. Therefore, the open / close valve 64 is closed and the open / close valve 64 is operated intermittently. Even during the actual dredging work (when the bucket 41 is moved and the soft mud is taken into the bucket 41), as shown in FIG. 7A, when the water content of the soft mud exceeds a certain value, The on-off valve 64 is closed to stop the intake of soft mud. The open / close cycle of the open / close valve 64 is determined in consideration of the soil quality of the dredging soft mud, the moving speed and the swing speed of the bucket 41, and is, for example, about 5 seconds for opening and 4 seconds for closing.

In order to know the state of the soft mud in the dredging, a gamma ray densitometer is provided in the discharge pipe 70 so that the water content can be calculated from the density or the middle of the discharge pipe can be visually monitored as a transparent pipe. More reliably, high concentration soft mud can be dredged. The pressurizing pump 62 remains in continuous operation during business. The reason is that if the operation and the stop are repeated at a high frequency, the life of the motor for driving the pump is shortened. It is desirable to arrange a check valve in the discharge pipe to prevent the reverse flow of the compressed air. When the work at one place is completed, the dredger 10 is moved to the next work place as described above, and the same work is continued thereafter.

As described above, according to the present invention, while performing the same pump dredging as in the prior art, it is not the dredging of the soft mud having a high water content, which is the drawback of the conventional pump dredging, but the high concentration of water with less entrainment. Achieved soft mud dredging.

[0019]

As described above, the present invention has the following excellent functions and effects. Semi-continuous, high-concentration soft mud with less water
Moreover, it can be stably transported to a distant destination. Since the bucket is provided with the excavation rotor and the bar screen in combination, it is possible to prevent foreign matter from entering and to take in only the soft mud, and it is possible to fluidize the soft mud even in a hard mud layer to a certain extent and to take in it efficiently. When the on-off valve is closed, the soft mud after the ejector has been pressure-fed by injecting compressed air.Even if the on-off valve is opened again to supply the soft mud, the new intake soft mud can be fed without hindrance and blockage in the pipe. It won't happen. When dredging a highly sticky soft mud layer, it is possible to prevent soft mud from adhering to the dredging part.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a dredging and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a main part of the dredging and discharging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of an essential part of the dredging and discharging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of an essential part of the dredging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the excavation rotor of the dredging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a working range explanatory diagram of the lifting / lowering turning device (backhoe) according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an opening / closing procedure of the opening / closing valve in the middle of the discharge pipe of the dredging / discharging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a dredging work process according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a dredging work process according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the dredging device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Dredging Ship 20 Lifting / Swinging Device 20A Backhoe 20a Crawler 40 Dredging Device 41 Bucket 42 Connecting Pipe 43 Support 44 Attachments 44a, 44b Pin Joint 45 Bar Screen 46 Screw Conveyor 46a Screw Blade 48 Discharge Pipe 50 Excavation Rotor 50a Swivel Shaft 51 52a Excavation blade (small horizontal width) 52b Excavation blade (large horizontal width) 60 Discharge device 61 Elbow pipe 62 Pressurizing pump 63 Elbow pipe 64 Open / close valve 65 Ejector 66 Discharge pipe 67 Discharge pipe 100 Dredging discharge device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A dredging / discharging device for dredging and discharging the sludge deposited on the bottom of water such as a harbor, lake, river, etc., which comprises a dredging device installed on the dredging vessel and the dredging device. The lifting and lowering device is mounted on a crawler that can be traversed above and moves up and down the dredging device, and a discharging device that is connected to the dredging device and conveys the dredged material by air, and the dredging device is a hairpin-shaped device. A bucket having a soft mud intake opening curved at one end and having one end open, a plurality of bar screens arranged at the soft mud intake opening vertically at equal intervals to prevent foreign matter from entering, and the soft mud intake opening An excavation rotor having a plurality of excavation blades which are driven to rotate around a horizontal axis of rotation and whose tip sweeps through each gap of the bar screen; Arranged horizontally in the width direction It comprises a screw conveyor for scraping the soft mud taken in the bucket to the central part in the width direction and a screw conveyor rotation driving means, and the discharging device is connected to the soft mud discharge port at the center of the bucket anti-opening part of the dredging device. A discharge pipe, a pressurizing pump provided in the middle of the discharge pipe, an on-off valve, and an ejector of compressed air are provided, and the excavation blade protrudes at a right angle in a radial direction from a horizontal rotation axis of the excavation rotor. At least one of a group of comb-shaped excavating blades, which are arranged in a comb shape at equal intervals at the tip ends of a plurality of spokes and pass through the same portion of the bar screen gap and sweep through, is used. The dredging and discharging device is characterized in that the width is made slightly smaller than the width of the bar screen so as to be wider than the width of the other remaining excavation blades. 2. The dredging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the hoisting and swiveling device is formed by a backhoe. 3. The bar screen is curved in a semi-bow shape,
The dredging and discharging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dredging and discharging device is arranged on the downstream side or the upstream side of the excavating rotor. 4. The dredging and discharging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gamma ray density meter or a transparent monitoring tube is provided in the middle of the discharging tube.