JPH09240938A - Safety device of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain generation of noise on vertical terminal parts of an elevator shaft and abrasion of a detection piece and to facilitate manufacture, installation and adjustment of a cam. SOLUTION: A safety device of an elevator to control speed of a passenger cage on a terminal pat of an elevator shaft of the elevator is provided with a plural number of cam member 141-144 projected toward the side of the passenger car 13 in the neighborhood of an upper part terminal floor of the elevator shaft 11 and to gradually change their projection quantity toward the upper part terminal floor on it and a deceleration control device 15 furnished with a limit switch 17 to move to make contact with and to apart from against the elevator shaft in accordance with speed of the passenger car on the outside of the passenger car, overspeed of the passenger car is detected ion accordance with speed of the passenger car at the time when time limit switch 17 detect the cam, and it controls to forcibly decelerate or stops the passenger car.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elevator safety device for controlling a car speed at upper and lower terminal floors of an elevator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an elevator is provided in a hoistway 1 so that a car can be raised and lowered. However, even if the car rises above the top floor for some reason, a maintenance person on the car or There is sufficient top clearance so that the inspector does not hit the top of the hoistway. Also, even if the bottom of the hoistway collides at the speed at which the safety gear should operate, the pit depth is large enough to mount a shock absorber to reduce the impact so that the person in the car is safe. Is specified.

However, for example, the top clearance and the pit depth specified by a high-speed elevator are so large that it may be difficult to secure the specified values as they are. Therefore, conventionally, the top clearance and the pit depth have been shortened by performing control for forcibly decelerating or stopping before the end floor. This complies with the standards of the Building Standard Law.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the hoistway 1
The cam 2 extending over several floors along this hoistway 1
Are provided near the upper and lower ends of the hoistway 1, respectively. These cams 2 are gradually inclined toward the car 3 as they approach the upper and lower end portions of the hoistway 1, and the inclination is increased near the end portion.

On the other hand, a deceleration control device 4 for forcibly reducing the speed of the car 2 is installed above the car 3 when a dangerous speed is detected at the terminal floor. The deceleration control device 4 includes a cam roller 5 that contacts the cam 2.
A limit switch 5 having a is provided.

In such a device, when the car 3 moves up and down in the hoistway 1 and reaches the vicinity of the upper and lower ends, the cam roller 5a comes into contact with the cam 2 from the end of the cam 2. When the car 3 further moves to the end of the hoistway 1, the cam roller 5 moves along the cam 2.
The arm 5b to which a is attached tilts. The inclination of the arm 5b becomes larger as the arm 5b moves toward the terminal end, and the position of the car 1 near the terminal end of the hoistway is confirmed by the inclination.

At this time, the inclination of the arm 5b is monitored by the deceleration control device 4, and the position of the car 1 near the end of the hoistway is always grasped, and the speed of the car 3 at that position is measured at that position. When the limit speed set in advance is reached, the speed of the car 3 is forcibly reduced.

Since it is dangerous to perform deceleration control only with such a deceleration control device 4, another method is used to perform deceleration operation as normal control, and the deceleration control device 4 is operated at a speed lower than the set limit speed. It is often used as a backup for supplementary forced deceleration control only when the elevator car 3 has a high up / down speed.

[0009]

However, in such an elevator safety device, noise is generated because the cam roller 5a of the limit switch 5 of the deceleration control device 4 is always in contact with the cam 2 near the terminal floor. There is also a problem that the surface of the cam roller 5a is worn.

Further, since the cam 2 needs to be provided over a plurality of floors at the upper and lower ends of the hoistway 1, the shape of the cam 2 becomes extremely long, which makes it difficult to manufacture the cam 2 itself, and further, the above noise is generated. In order to suppress the occurrence of abrasion and the wear of the cam roller 5a, there is a problem that accurate mounting is required and installation and adjustment are difficult.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise at the upper and lower end portions of the hoistway, prevent the detection piece of the cam detecting device from being worn, and facilitate the manufacture, installation and adjustment of the cam. It is intended to provide an elevator safety device capable of performing the above.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator safety device for controlling the speed of a car at the end of a hoistway of an elevator. Install a cam that projects toward the end and gradually changes its projection amount as it reaches the end floor, and detects the cam that moves toward and away from the hoistway according to the speed of the car outside the car. A device is provided to detect the overspeed of the car according to the speed of the car when the cam detection device detects the cam, and the control for forcibly decelerating or stopping the car is performed. In the present invention having such a structure, if the cam detecting device detects when the speed of the elevator car is faster than the speed set at each cam grounding position, the cam detecting device detects that the car is overloaded. The cam member is detected only when the speed is abnormal.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator safety device for controlling a speed of a car at a hoistway end portion of an elevator, the hoistway protruding toward a car side near an upper and lower terminal floor of the hoistway, and a terminal floor. In addition to installing a cam whose projection amount gradually changes as it becomes, a cam detection device is installed on the outside of the car that moves in and out of the hoistway according to the speed of the car. The overspeed of the car is detected according to the car speed when the detection device detects the cam, and the abnormality is notified. In the present invention having such a configuration, when the cam detection device detects the cam member only when the car has an overspeed abnormality, the cam detection device directly reports the abnormality as an abnormality signal.

The present invention according to claim 3 is the elevator safety device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cam detecting device is provided with a retreat suppressing means for suppressing retreat of the cam detecting device when detecting the cam. In the present invention having such a configuration,
It is possible to absorb the impact of the cam detection device that occurs when the cam is detected and prevent the cam detection device from moving backward.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the cam is composed of a plurality of cam members and is installed separately on each of the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway. The shape of each cam member is the shape on the side of the car. The elevator safety device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the projecting amounts are different from each other. In the present invention having such a configuration, the manufacturing of the cam member, the installation in the hoistway,
Adjustment becomes easy.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the cam is composed of a plurality of cam members and is installed separately on each of the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway, and the shape of each cam member is the shape on the side of the car. The elevator safety device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protrusion amounts are different from each other and the protrusions are rounded. In the present invention having such a configuration, when the cam detection device detects the cam member, the cam detection device hits the protruding portion of the cam member.
By giving the protrusion a roundness, the impact of the cam detecting device is reduced, and the damage of the cam and the operation noise can be suppressed.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an upper end portion of an elevator according to the present embodiment. 11 is a hoistway, 12 is a guide rail provided along the hoistway, and 13 is a hoist along the guide rail. It is a cage provided as much as possible.

At the upper end portion of the hoistway 11, a plurality of cam members 1 projecting toward the car 13 side for each floor.
41 to 144 are provided. This cam member 141-
144 is formed so that its middle portion is bent with a roundness and projects toward the car 13 side. Further, the protruding portions (bent portions) of the cam members 141 to 144 differ in their protruding amounts in stages, and those having a larger protruding amount toward the upper floor are attached. A cam member 144 is attached to the uppermost end so that the amount of change in the amount of protrusion is larger than that of the cam members 141 to 143.

On the other hand, a deceleration control device 15 is attached to the upper portion of the car 13. This deceleration control device 15
Is a generator 16 that generates an electric current according to the speed of the car 13 moving along the guide rail 12, and this generator 1
A limit switch moving device 18 for moving the limit switch 17 as a cam detecting device to and from the hoistway 11 in accordance with the amount of current from 6 is provided.

A roller 16b, which is in contact with the guide rail 12 and rotates by the frictional force, is attached to the tip of the input shaft 16a of the generator 16. When the car 13 moves up and down, the rollers 16b rotate and transmit the rotational force to the generator 16. As a result, the power generator 16 generates a current according to the rotation of the input shaft 16a.

The limit switch moving device 18 is provided with an arm 18a slidably attached to and detached from the hoistway 11.
The limit switch 17 is attached to the tip of the arm 18a.
Is installed. The limit switch 17 is provided with a cam detection roller 17 a facing the hoistway 11.
When the cam detection roller 17a comes into contact with the protruding portions (bent portions) of the cam members 141 to 144, a signal is sent to a control unit (not shown) of the deceleration control device 15 and it is determined that the speed of the car 13 is excessive. However, control for forcibly decelerating or stopping the speed of the car 13 is performed.

Further, the deceleration control device 15 is provided with a buzzer (not shown), and the cam detecting roller 17a has a cam member 141.
Alternatively, a buzzer may be sounded in response to a signal when abutting on the protruding portion (bent portion) of .about.144, to notify that the speed of the car 13 is abnormal.

In the present embodiment having such a structure, when the car 13 moves up and down along the guide rail 12, the roller 16a of the generator 16 causes the guide rail 12 to move.
It rotates due to friction with the car and the current of the generator 16
It increases in proportion to the speed of 3. The limit switch moving device 18 controls the arm 18 a according to the magnitude of the current from the power generator 16 to move the limit switch 16 toward and away from the hoistway 11 in the horizontal direction.

Then, when the car 13 reaches the vicinity of the upper end portion of the hoistway 11, the cam members 141 to
Approach 144. When the speed of the car 13 is faster than the speed set at the positions of the cam members 141 to 144, the limit switch 17 approaches the hoistway 11 a little more, so that the limit switch 17 comes into contact with the cam member 14 at that position. Accordingly, the deceleration control device 15 determines that the speed of the car 13 is excessive, and controls the brake of an elevator (not shown) or the like to forcibly reduce or stop the speed of the car 13.

As described above, since the limit switch 17 is provided so as to be movable in the horizontal direction according to the speed of the car 13, the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 contacts the cam member 14 (detects the cam member 14). It is performed only when the car 13 has an abnormal overspeed. That is,
Since the limit switch 17 does not normally contact the cam member 14, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise and wear of the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 that have been conventionally generated.

Further, the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 contacts the cam member 14 (detects the cam member 14) only when the car 13 has an overspeed abnormality. The operation signal can be directly captured as a control abnormality. As a result, it becomes possible to notify the speed abnormality based on the operation signal.

Further, the cams provided in the hoistway 11 are not integrated as in the prior art, but are constituted by a plurality of cam members 14 and a plurality of cam members are installed on each floor of the hoistway 11, so one cam member is provided. Since the size of 14 can be reduced, the cam can be manufactured more easily than before, and the installation work can be facilitated. Moreover, unlike the conventional case, the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 is not always in contact with the limit switch 17, so that fine adjustment in consideration of wear of the cam detection roller 17a is unnecessary.

Further, since the protrusions (bent portions) of the cam members 141 to 144 are each rounded, the impact when the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 comes into contact can be reduced and the cams can be reduced. Member 1
It is possible to prevent breakage of 41 to 144 and reduce operating noise.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the upper end portion of the elevator according to the present embodiment. What is different from the first embodiment is the limit switch moving mechanism. That is, the deceleration control device 21 according to the present embodiment moves the limit generator 17 and the pulse generator 22 that generate a pulse according to the speed of the car 13 moving along the guide rail 12 to and from the hoistway 11. A stepping motor 23 for
A control unit 24 is provided which supplies a pulse signal to the stepping motor 23 according to the number of pulses from the pulse generator 22.

A roller 22b which is in contact with the guide rail 12 and rotates by the frictional force is attached to the tip of the shaft 22a of the pulse generator 22. The roller 22b rotates when the car 13 moves up and down, and the pulse generator 22 generates a pulse corresponding to the rotation of the roller 22b.

On the other hand, the limit switch 17 is provided at the tip of an arm 27 attached to a mounting member 25 provided upright on the upper portion of the car 13 via a dashpot 26 as a backward movement restraining means. . This arm 2
An intermediate portion of 7 is supported by a guide roller 28 that guides the sliding of the arm 27. This guide roller 28 is
A rack 27a is formed in the middle of the arm 27 between the guide rollers 28, which are spaced apart from each other in the sliding direction of the arm 27.

A pinion 23a is attached to the tip of the drive shaft of the stepping motor 23, and the arm 27 is attached.
Is engaged with the rack 27a. Therefore, the pinion 23a and the rack 27a convert the rotational movement of the stepping motor 23 into a horizontal sliding movement of the arm 27.

In this embodiment having such a structure, when the car 13 moves up and down along the guide rails 12, the rollers 16a of the pulse generator 22 rotate due to friction with the guide rails 12, and the pulse generators 22 rotate. Generates a pulse proportional to the speed of the car 13, and this pulse signal is sent to the control unit 24. The control unit 24 sends a current to the step motor 23 according to the number of pulses from the pulse generator 22. Then, the arm 27 slides, and the limit switch 17 moves horizontally toward and away from the hoistway 11.

Therefore, when the car 13 reaches near the upper end of the hoistway 11, the cam member 141 of the hoistway 11
~ 144, and the speed of the car 13 is at each cam member 1
When the speed is higher than the speed set at the positions 41 to 144, the limit switch 17 approaches the hoistway 11 a little more excessively, so that the limit switch 17 comes into contact with the cam member 14 at that position. Since the horizontal moving speed of the limit switch 17 at this time is faster than the moving speed in the normal case, the viscous resistance of the orifice of the dashpot 26 is also higher than that in the normal case where the viscous resistance of the orifice is small. Viscous resistance increases instantly. Therefore, the limit switch 17 can be prevented from moving backward at the moment when the limit switch 17 detects the cam member 14, and the overspeed of the car 13 can be reliably detected.

Further, the deceleration control device 21 determines that the speed of the car 13 is excessive, and controls the brake of an elevator (not shown) or the like to forcibly reduce or stop the speed of the car 13. As a result, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the deceleration control device 30 according to the present embodiment. The difference from the second embodiment is that the end portion of the arm 27 provided with the limit switch 17 is attached via the dashpot 26. Instead of attaching to the member 25, the end portion of the arm 27 is free, and instead of driving the arm 27 by the pinion 23a directly attached to the drive shaft of the stepping motor 23, the pinion shaft pivotally supported on the upper portion of the car 13 is used. The point is that a pinion 32 and a worm gear 33 having a diameter larger than that of the pinion 32 are attached to 31, and the arm 27 is slid by driving the worm gear 33 with a worm 34a attached to a drive shaft of a motor 34. In addition, the worm gear 33 and the worm 34a constitute a retreat suppressing means.

With this structure, when the cam detection roller 7a of the limit switch 7 contacts the cam member 14, the resistance of the worm gear 33 and the worm 34a in the sliding direction of the arm 27 causes the limit switch 7 to move. Can be more reliably prevented and the overspeed can be detected more reliably.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the mechanical cam detection roller 17a is provided as the detection piece of the cam detection device has been described, but the detection piece is not necessarily limited to this, and the detection piece is optically provided. An optical sensor for detecting the cam may be provided.

In the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied near the upper end of the hoistway 11 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is applied near the lower end of the hoistway 11. The invention may be applied. In this case, install the one with the larger protrusion toward the lower floor,
A cam member that increases the amount of change in the amount of protrusion is attached to the lowermost end. Thereby, even in the vicinity of the lower end of the hoistway 11, the same effect as in the case of near the upper end of the hoistway 11 can be obtained.

Further, in the above embodiment, the speed detecting device for detecting the speed of the car 13, that is, the generator 16 and the pulse generator 22 is not necessarily the car 1
3 need not be installed, and may be detected by a governor, a winding machine, or the like (not shown).

In the above embodiment, the hoistway 1
1 may be provided with a continuous, integrated cam similar to the conventional one. Even in this case, the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 comes into contact with the cam member 14 (detects the cam member 14) only when the car 13 has an abnormal overspeed. That is, since the limit switch 17 does not normally come into contact with the cam member 14, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise and wear of the cam detection roller 17a of the limit switch 17 which have been conventionally caused, and further, the operation signal of the limit switch 17 is transmitted. Since it can be directly taken in as a control abnormality, it is possible to notify the speed abnormality based on this operation signal. In addition to such effects, it is possible to obtain an effect that the overspeed between the cam members in the above-described embodiment can be detected.

[0042]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the cam detecting device detects the cam member only when the car has an overspeed abnormality. Therefore, generation of noise and wear of the cam detecting portion of the cam detecting device can be prevented as much as possible. Further, since the cam detection device detects the cam member only when the car has an overspeed abnormality, this cam detection signal can be directly used as an abnormality signal for abnormality notification.

Further, by providing the retreat suppressing means,
Since the impact of the cam detecting device generated during the cam detection can be absorbed and the backward movement of the cam detecting device can be suppressed, the cam detecting device can reliably detect the overspeed of the car. That is, it is possible to prevent that the cam in front of the cam detection device cannot be detected and the overspeed of the car cannot be detected while the cam detection device is moving backward.

Further, since the cam is composed of a plurality of cam members and is installed separately at the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway, the manufacture of the cam member and the installation / adjustment in the hoistway are facilitated. By configuring the shape of each cam member such that the amount of protrusion to the car side is different, it is possible to detect the overspeed of the car according to the position of each cam member. Further, by making the protruding portion of the cam member round, the impact of the cam detection device is reduced, and damage to the cam and operation noise can also be suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional safety device for an elevator.

[Explanation of Codes] 11 ... Hoistway 13 ... Cars 141 to 144 ... Cam member 16 ... Generator 17 ... Limit switch (cam detection device) 26 ... Dashpot (reverse suppression means) 33 ... Worm gear 34a ... Worm

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An elevator safety device for controlling the speed of a car at the end of an elevator hoistway,
A cam is installed near the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway toward the car side, and the protruding amount of the cam gradually changes toward the terminal floor, and the cam is installed outside the car. A cam detection device that moves in and out of the hoistway according to the speed is provided, and the overspeed of the car is detected according to the car speed when the cam detection device detects the cam, and the car is detected. An elevator safety device characterized by performing control to forcibly decelerate or stop. 2. An elevator safety device for controlling the speed of a car at the end of an elevator hoistway,
A cam is installed near the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway toward the car side, and the protruding amount of the cam gradually changes toward the terminal floor, and the cam is installed outside the car. A cam detection device is provided that moves toward and away from the hoistway according to the speed, and the car overspeed is detected according to the car speed when the cam detection device detects a cam, and an abnormality is reported. An elevator safety device characterized in that 3. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, wherein the cam detecting device is provided with a retreat suppressing means for suppressing retreat of the cam detecting device when detecting the cam. 4. The cam is composed of a plurality of cam members and is installed separately at each of the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway, and the shape of each cam member is such that the amount of protrusion to the car side is The elevator safety device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elevator safety device is configured differently. 5. The cam is composed of a plurality of cam members and is installed separately at each of the upper and lower terminal floors of the hoistway, and the shape of each cam member is such that the amount of protrusion to the car side is The elevator safety device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elevator safety device is configured differently and the projecting portion is rounded.