JPH09237582A - Gyrotron device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-reliability gyrotron device reducing the current fed to an adjusting electromagnet and easily discharging the generated heat by providing an axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the axial position of an electron gun against the magnetic field distribution generated by a permanent magnet. SOLUTION: The position of an electron gun 1 against the magnetic field distribution generated by a permanent magnet 20 is determined to obtain the optimum condition of the magnetic flux density of the electron gun 1 in the design stage of a gyrotron 100. The difference between the design value and the actual value can be corrected when a current is fed to an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, however the current is increased and the generated heat is increased when the difference becomes large. When a fit section 12 is provided, the axial position of the electron gun 1 against the magnetic field distribution can be changed while the electron gun 1 and cavity resonator 6 are coaxially kept. The axial position of the electron gun 1 against the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted without changing the relative position between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 of the electron gun 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gyrotron device that generates a microwave or a millimeter wave by utilizing an electron cyclotron resonance maser action.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 28 is a front sectional view showing a conventional gyrotron device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-315133 previously filed by the applicant of the present invention. Is a cathode having an electron emitting portion 3, 4 is an anode that forms an electric field for drawing electrons from the electron emitting portion 3 together with the cathode 2 on the surface of the electron emitting portion 3, and 5 is an acceleration that forms an electric field for accelerating electrons It is an electrode. In general, the portion formed of the cathode 2, the anode 4 and the acceleration electrode 5 is called a triode type electron gun. In this specification, the portion formed of the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is the electron gun 1, and the acceleration electrode 5 is the electron gun. It is not included in 1. A gyrotron that employs a three-pole electron gun is called a three-pole gyrotron.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a cavity resonator in which an electron beam 9 and a high-frequency electromagnetic field interact with each other in a resonant manner to generate a high frequency 10. Reference numeral 7 denotes a collector for collecting the electron beam 9 after the interaction. An output window 20 for extracting the electron beam is provided in the gyrotron 100 constituted by the electron gun 1, the cavity resonator 6, the collector 7, the output window 8 and the like, and a large magnetic field in the axial direction for giving a rotational motion to the electron beam 9 is obtained. It is a permanent magnet that generates a part. 30 is a main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for finely adjusting the magnetic field in the cavity resonator 6, 31 is an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for finely adjusting the magnetic field in the electron gun 1, and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 The electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 is collectively referred to as an auxiliary electromagnet. 20
Reference numeral 0 denotes a gyrotron device including a gyrotron 100, a permanent magnet 20, a main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30, and an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31.

FIG. 29 shows a Japanese Patent Application No. 6 filed by the applicant earlier.
FIG. 29 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron adopting the conventional bipolar electron gun shown in −315133, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 28 denote the same or corresponding portions, and therefore description thereof will be omitted. The gyrotron 100 that employs the bipolar electron gun will be referred to as a bipolar gyrotron. Here, the anode 4 in the bipolar gyrotron
Also serves as the accelerating electrode 5 of the triode gyrotron, and is similar to the triode electron gun in that it extracts an electron beam that interacts with the electromagnetic field of the eigenmode and the cyclotron resonance maser interaction in the cavity resonator 6. Is working.

Next, the operation will be described. Electron emission unit 3
The electron beam 9 emitted from the cathode 2 and the anode 4
Is accelerated by an electric field between the permanent magnet 2 and the accelerating electrode 5.
0, the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30, and the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 generate a magnetic field to cause an axial drift while rotating. Further, the electron beam 9 is compressed by the strong magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator, and the electron velocity ratio v⊥ / v‖
(V⊥ and v‖ are vertical and parallel components of the electron velocity with respect to the magnetic field, respectively) and enter the cavity resonator 6.

Electrons that are in cyclotron motion due to the axial magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator have a cyclotron resonance maser interaction with the eigenmode high-frequency electromagnetic field in the cavity resonator 6 which is usually a cylindrical cavity. Part of the energy due to the vertical velocity component v⊥ with respect to the magnetic field of the electron is converted into the energy of the high frequency electromagnetic field.
Further, the high frequency wave 10 excited by the cavity resonator 6 has an output window 8
And is taken out to the outside. The energy of the electron beam is effectively converted into high frequency energy in the cavity resonator 6 when the following equation is satisfied.

Ω−k _z v _z ⌒ sΩ _c (1) ω: Resonant angular frequency of electromagnetic field of eigenmode of cavity resonator 6 k _z : Axial wavenumber of eigenmode v _z : Electron axial direction Velocity s: Harmonic order Ω _c : Electron cyclotron angular frequency considering the relativistic effect

Further, Ω _c is given by the following equation. Ω _c = eB ₀ / γm ₀ (2) where, e: electron charge (absolute value) B ₀ : axial magnetic flux density in the cavity resonator γ: relativistic coefficient m ₀ : electron Static mass

As can be seen from the equation (1), the energy of the electron beam is effectively converted into high-frequency energy and a strong electromagnetic wave is generated because the right side of the equation (1) is slightly smaller than the left side. It's time.

Further, there is the following relationship between the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the electron gun 1 and the electric field strength on the surface of the electron emitting portion and the oscillation efficiency. However, the space charge effect is not taken into consideration here.

V _k ⊥ = E _k ⊥ / B _k (3) v _k ⊥: Velocity component in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of the electron immediately after jumping from the electron emission part E _k ⊥: Surface of the electron emission part Field strength in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of _Bk : Magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the electron emission part

Further, v _k ⊥, B _k , velocity component v ⊥ and magnetic flux density B in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of the electron at any position between the electron gun 1 and the cavity resonator 6 There are the following relationships.

V⊥ ² / B = v _k ⊥ ² / B _k (4)

Substituting equation (3) into equation (4) and rearranging it yields the following.

V ⊥ = E _k ⊥ · B ^1/2 / B _k ^3/2 (5)

The axial magnetic field in the gyrotron is shown in FIG.
As described above, the distribution from the electron gun 1 to the cavity resonator 6 has a monotonically increasing distribution, and the electrons emitted from the electron emitting portion 3 drift while increasing v⊥ according to the equation (5). Reach resonator 6. FIG. 30 is a graph showing a magnetic field distribution generated by a magnetic field generator used in a conventional gyrotron device. In the cavity resonator 6, the following equation is established as in the equation (5).

V ₀ ⊥ = E _k ⊥ · B ₀ ^1/2 / B _k ^3/2 (6)
v ₀ ⊥: velocity component in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of electrons in the cavity resonator B ₀ : magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the cavity resonator 6

In the cavity resonator 6, the gyrotron 1
Since the kinetic energy due to the velocity component v ₀ ⊥ in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of the electron is used for the oscillation of 00, in order to obtain high oscillation efficiency, v ₀ ⊥ should be as large as possible. Adjust _k ⊥, B ₀ , B _k . However, assuming that the total velocity of electrons and the velocity components in the direction parallel to the magnetic field are v and v‖ respectively, between v, v‖ and v⊥,

[0019] ^{v 2 = v‖ 2 + v⊥ 2} ··· (7)

There is a relation of, and if v⊥ is too large,
The electron has a v‖ of 0 from the electron gun 1 to the cavity resonator 6.
Then, the phenomenon of reflection to the electron gun 1 side occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to control the magnitude of v⊥ within the range where electrons do not cause reflection. The main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 and the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 have the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field necessary for the gyrotron 100 to oscillate in the cavity resonator 6 and the electron gun 1, respectively, and the permanent magnet 20. It is used to correct the difference between the magnetic flux density of the generated magnetic field and control the oscillation output.

[0021]

Since the conventional gyrotron device 200 is configured as described above, a current is supplied to the auxiliary magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 and the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 which are used auxiliary. Is applied to adjust the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field to oscillate the gyrotron 100 to obtain higher efficiency. However, there is often a difference of about several% between the designed value of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 and the value of the magnetic flux density actually generated, and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 and the electron gun. In some cases, it is necessary to apply a large current to the magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, and there is a problem that the auxiliary electromagnet becomes hot due to Joule heat generation. Further, since the gyrotron 100 normally uses a hot cathode as the cathode 2 of the electron gun 1, the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 has a high temperature due to heat conduction from the cathode 2 in addition to its own Joule heat. was there.

Further, in the bipolar gyrotron,
Since the anode 4 also serves as the accelerating electrode 5, there is a problem that the electric field strength on the surface of the electron emitting portion cannot be adjusted without changing the accelerating voltage.

Further, the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 need to be held in a positional relationship in which their central axes match (hereinafter referred to as coaxial). Conventionally, the gyrotron 100 on the output window 8 side is permanent. The gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 were held coaxially on the end surface of the magnet 20 by using a flange (not shown). However, for example, when the gyrotron device 200 is installed in a direction in which the high frequency wave 10 is radiated in the horizontal direction, the gyrotron 10 is loaded by its own weight.
There is a problem such that 0 and the permanent magnet 20 are not coaxial.

Further, although the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 changes with age and temperature change (the change of the magnetic flux density is determined by the temperature coefficient of the residual magnetic flux density. Coefficient is -0.1
% / ° C.), the current flowing through the auxiliary electromagnets (main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 and electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31) was adjusted in order to correct this change in the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field. Further, the current flowing through the auxiliary electromagnet was also adjusted in order to adjust the output power of the gyrotron 100, but since these adjustments were performed using one DC constant current source, the current flowing through the auxiliary electromagnet was adjusted. There was a problem that the adjustment method of was complicated.

Furthermore, since the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20 has irregularities, the gyrotron 100 is caught on the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20 when the gyrotron 100 is inserted.
There is a problem that the permanent magnet 20 and the gyrotron 100 may be damaged by contact with each other.

Further, due to the characteristics of the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20, the gyrotron 1 for connecting the feeder line is connected.
Since the terminal of the electron gun 1 of No. 00 does not go outside from the end surface of the permanent magnet 20, there is a problem that it takes time to connect the power supply line.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and particularly, the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31.
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a gyrotron device having higher reliability and higher oscillation efficiency by making the current flowing through the device to be small or zero and facilitating the generated heat to be released.

Further, according to the present invention, the electric field strength on the surface of the electron emitting portion is adjusted by changing the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 without changing the voltage between the cathode 2 and the anode 4, that is, the acceleration voltage. The aim is to obtain a possible gyrotron device.

Further, the present invention provides a gyrotron 10
An object of the present invention is to obtain a gyrotron device in which the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 are coaxially held even when the central axis of the gyrotron 100 is not oriented in the vertical direction as in the case where 0 is placed horizontally. .

Further, according to the present invention, a dedicated DC constant current source for correcting the change in the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet and adjusting the output power of the gyrotron 100 is provided in each, and these are provided as one auxiliary. An object of the present invention is to obtain a gyrotron device that is connected in parallel with an electromagnet and is easier to operate.

Further, the present invention provides a gyrotron 10
An object of the present invention is to obtain a gyrotron device in which the operation of inserting 0 is simple, and the gyrotron 100 can be installed in the permanent magnet 20 without damaging either the gyrotron 100 or the permanent magnet 20.

A further object of the present invention is to obtain a gyrotron device in which the feeder line can be easily connected.

[0033]

A gyrotron device according to a first aspect of the present invention is an axial position adjustment in which an axial position of an electron gun can be adjusted with respect to a magnetic field distribution generated by a permanent magnet. It is equipped with a mechanism.

In the gyrotron device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the electron gun is a bipolar electron gun having a cathode having an electron emitting portion and an anode forming an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion. An axial position adjusting mechanism that can adjust the axial position of the electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet without changing the positional relationship between the cathode and the anode is provided.

A gyrotron device according to a third aspect of the present invention is, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, a beam drift part through which a first flange formed on the outer wall of the anode and an electron beam toward the cavity resonator pass. Disposed between the first brim and the second brim, the second brim formed on the outer wall of the bellows, the bellows interposed between the anode and the beam drift part to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device. In addition, a fixing screw capable of arbitrarily changing and fixing the distance between the anode and the beam drift portion is provided.

In the gyrotron device according to a fourth aspect of the invention, the electron gun includes a cathode having an electron emitting portion, an anode forming an electric field for drawing out an electron from the electron emitting portion, and an electric field for accelerating the electron. It is a three-pole electron gun having an accelerating electrode that forms a magnetic field. The axial position of the electron gun can be adjusted with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet without changing the positional relationship between the cathode and the anode. The axial position adjusting mechanism is provided.

In the gyrotron device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the first collar formed on the outer wall of the cylinder having the anode inside is insulated from the anode and the acceleration electrode. A second collar formed on the outer wall of the metal brazed to the insulating cylinder, a bellows interposed between the cylinder having the anode inside and the insulating cylinder to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, The fixing screw is provided between the first brim and the second brim and can fix the distance between the anode and the accelerating electrode arbitrarily.

In the gyrotron device according to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the first collar formed on the outer wall of the cylinder having the accelerating electrode therein and the electron beam directed to the cavity resonator. A second collar formed on the outer wall of the beam drift section through which the beam passes, a bellows interposed between a cylinder having an accelerating electrode inside and the beam drift section to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, and a first bellows. Noba and the second
It is provided with a fixing screw which is disposed between the collar and the accelerating electrode and is capable of arbitrarily changing and fixing the distance between the beam drift portion.

In the gyrotron device according to a seventh aspect of the invention, the axial position adjusting mechanism is arranged at any position from the electron gun to the flange for fixing the gyrotron to the permanent magnet.

In the gyrotron device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the flange for fixing the gyrotron to the permanent magnet is movable in the axial direction.

According to a ninth aspect of the gyrotron device, at least one of the outer wall surface of the gyrotron in contact with the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet and the outer wall surface of the gyrotron in contact with the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet has an axial direction. A groove is formed along the line.

A gyrotron device according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is provided with an axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the distance between the cathode and the anode constituting the bipolar electron gun.

In the gyrotron device according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the first brim formed on the outer wall of the axial alignment ring provided so that the cathode and the anode are coaxial with each other. A second brim formed on the outer wall of the cathode support flange that is fixed to the rear end of the cathode and moves along the inner wall of the alignment ring, and is disposed between the first brim and the second brim, A fixing screw capable of arbitrarily changing and fixing the distance between the cathode and the anode is provided.

In the gyrotron device according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of support portions for holding the gyrotron and the permanent magnet in a positional relationship in which the central axes of the gyrotron and the permanent magnet coincide with each other are installed at different positions in the axial directions. is there.

In the gyrotron device according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of DC constant current sources are connected to at least one of the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for excitation.

In the gyrotron device according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the current of one DC constant current source is output to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet in order to correct the change of the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet. However, in order to control the output power of the gyrotron, the current of the other DC constant current source is output to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet.

In the gyrotron device according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in order to correct the change of the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet, the current of one DC constant current source is supplied to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet. In order to control the output power of the gyrotron, the current of the other DC constant current source is output to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet.

In the gyrotron device according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a non-magnetic cylinder is installed on the inner surface of the permanent magnet.

In the gyrotron device according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, a nonmagnetic cylinder is provided with a support portion for holding the gyrotron and the permanent magnet coaxially.

In the gyrotron device according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, connecting conductors for supplying power to the bipolar electron gun are respectively connected to the cathode terminal and the heater terminal on the gyrotron side, and the tips of the connecting conductors are permanently attached. The magnet is projected outward from the end surface of the magnet.

A gyrotron device according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention is a gyrotron device in which a three-pole electron gun is provided with an anode terminal to which a connecting conductor is connected, and a tip of the connecting conductor is projected outward from an end face of a permanent magnet. Is.

[0052]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a polar gyrotron, FIG. 2 is a graph diagram showing an axial distribution of a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet in the gyrotron device of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged front sectional view showing an electron gun of the gyrotron device shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is an electron gun, 2 is a cathode having an electron emitting portion 3, and 4 is a cathode 2 and an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion 3 on the surface of the electron emitting portion 3 to accelerate the electrons. It is an anode that forms an electric field.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a cavity resonator in which the electron beam and the high-frequency electromagnetic field interact with each other in a resonant manner to generate a high frequency, 7 is a collector for collecting the electron beam after the interaction, and 8 is an output for extracting the high frequency. The window 20 generates most of the axial magnetic field for giving a gyrating motion to the electron beam in the gyrotron 100 composed of the electron gun 1, the cavity resonator 6, the collector 7, the output window 8 and the like. It is a permanent magnet. 30 is a main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for finely adjusting the magnetic field in the cavity resonator 6, 31 is an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for finely adjusting the magnetic field in the electron gun 1, and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 The electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 is collectively referred to as an auxiliary electromagnet. Reference numeral 200 denotes a gyrotron device including a gyrotron 100, a permanent magnet 20, a main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30, and an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31.

In the fitting portion 12, 15 is a bellows which makes the axial position of the electron gun 1 variable with respect to the magnetic field distribution and at the same time maintains a vacuum in the gyrotron 1, 16 is a cathode support flange, and 17 is a gyro. A flange for fixing the tron 100 to the permanent magnet 20,
Reference numeral 19 denotes a beam drift portion through which the electron beam emitted from the electron emitting portion 3 and heading for the cavity resonator 6 passes. The end of the beam drift portion 19 on the electron gun 1 side is fitted with the anode 4 and the fitting portion 12. Have been combined.

A fixing screw 35 is arranged between the brim 90 and the brim 91 and serves as an axial position adjusting mechanism 99 capable of arbitrarily changing and fixing the distance between the anode 4 and the beam drift portion 19. After adjusting the axial position, the position is fixed at that position, and the atmospheric pressure is directed toward the cavity resonator 6 (since the gyrotron 100 is kept in vacuum, the electron gun 1 is constantly subjected to the atmospheric pressure). On the other hand, it supports the electron gun 1. Reference numeral 90 denotes a collar (first collar) as an axial position adjusting mechanism 99 formed on the outer wall of the cylinder having the anode 4 inside, and 91 denotes an axial position adjusting mechanism 99 formed on the outer wall of the beam drift portion 19. Spit (second
The brim).

Next, the operation will be described. As can be seen from the equation (6), adjusting the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 to an appropriate value is important for obtaining high oscillation efficiency. At the design stage of the gyrotron 100, the permanent magnets 2 are arranged so that the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 is optimized.
The position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution in which 0 is generated is determined, but between the design value of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 and the value of the magnetic flux density that is actually generated, about several percent. Often there is a difference.

Therefore, the conventional gyrotron device corrects this difference by passing a current through the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, but when the difference is large, it is passed through the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31. There was a case where the electric current increased and the heat generation of the electromagnet increased. Therefore, by providing the fitting portion 12, the axial position with respect to the magnetic field distribution of the electron gun 1 can be changed while the coaxial relationship between the electron gun 1 and the cavity resonator 6 is maintained. That is, if the structure is such that the axial position of the electron gun 1 can be adjusted without changing the positional relationship between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 forming the electron gun 1, the positional relationship between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 forming the electron gun 1 will be described. It is possible to adjust the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 without changing.

The magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 is as shown in FIG. 2, and the magnetic field in the vicinity of the electron gun 1 changes monotonously. Therefore, the position relative to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted by adjusting the axial position of the electron gun 1, and thus the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be adjusted. After the adjustment of the axial position of the electron gun 1, the fixing screw 35 is used to fix the position.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the current flowing through the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 can be reduced or made zero. As a result, the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be set to an optimum size while suppressing or eliminating heat generation in the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, so that the reliability of the gyrotron device and The effect that the oscillation efficiency can be improved is obtained.

Further, since the allowable value of the difference of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 from the design value can be increased,
There is no need to make the manufacturing accuracy of the permanent magnet 20 strict,
The manufacturing cost of the permanent magnet 20 is reduced, and it is possible to provide an inexpensive gyrotron device.

As a method of fixing the axial position of the electron gun 1, the method shown in FIG. 4 may be used. FIG. 4 is an enlarged front sectional view showing an electron gun of a gyrotron device having a bipolar gyrotron according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The screw hole provided on the flange 90 on the anode 4 side is a right-hand screw hole, and the screw hole provided on the beam 91 on the beam drift portion side is a left-hand screw. The fixing screw 35 has a right-hand thread at a portion in contact with the flange 90 on the anode side, and has a left-hand thread at a portion in contact with the flange 91 on the beam drift portion side. When the fixing screw 35 is rotated, the electron gun 1 is rotated depending on the rotation direction.
The cavity resonator 6 and the cavity resonator 6 are close to or away from each other.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the axial position of the electron gun 1 can be adjusted and fixed by the fixing screw 35, and the current flowing through the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 can be reduced. , Or can be zero. As a result, heat generation in the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 is suppressed,
Alternatively, it is possible to obtain the effect that the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be set to an optimum size while eliminating it.

Embodiment 2. 5 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a three-pole gyrotron according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a gyrotron device having a three-pole gyrotron according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a front sectional view showing. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment indicate the same or corresponding parts, and therefore their explanations are omitted. An accelerating electrode 5 forms an electric field for accelerating electrons. Generally, the cathode 2,
The portion composed of the anode 4 and the acceleration electrode 5 is called a triode type electron gun. In this specification, the portion composed of the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is referred to as an electron gun 1, and the acceleration electrode 5 is the electron gun 1.
Shall not be included in. A gyrotron that employs a three-pole electron gun is called a three-pole gyrotron.

14a is an insulating cylinder for insulating between the cathode 2 and the anode 4, 14b is an insulating cylinder for insulating between the anode 4 and the accelerating electrode 5, and 92 is a cylinder having the anode 4 inside. The collar (first collar) as the axial position adjusting mechanism 99 formed on the outer wall, 93 is formed on the outer wall of the metal brazed to the insulating cylinder 14b that insulates between the anode 4 and the acceleration electrode 5. A collar (second collar) as the axial position adjusting mechanism 99, and 94 is the beam drift unit 1.
A collar (second collar) as an axial position adjusting mechanism 99 formed on the outer wall of the pipe 9, and a collar (second collar) as an axial position adjusting mechanism 99 formed on the outer wall of the cylinder having the acceleration electrode 5 therein. 1 brim).

The bellows 15 shown in FIG. 5 is interposed between a cylinder having the anode 4 therein and the insulating cylinder 14b to maintain the inside of the gyrotron 100 in vacuum. The fixing screw 35 can be fixed by arbitrarily changing the distance between the anode 4 and the acceleration electrode 5. Further, the bellows 15 shown in FIG. 6 is interposed between the cylinder having the acceleration electrode 5 therein and the beam drift portion 19 to keep the gyrotron 100 in a vacuum. The fixing screw 35 can change and fix the distance between the acceleration electrode 5 and the beam drift portion 19 arbitrarily.

In the first embodiment, with respect to the bipolar gyrotron, by providing the fitting portion 12, the magnetic field distribution of the electron gun 1 is maintained with the coaxial relationship between the electron gun 1 and the cavity resonator 6 being maintained. Although the axial position can be changed, as shown in FIG. 5, in the three-pole gyrotron, by providing the axial position adjusting mechanism 99 between the anode 4 and the insulating cylinder 14b, the magnetic field distribution can be improved. The position of the electron gun 1 in the axial direction may be adjustable. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the three-pole gyrotron, an axial position adjusting mechanism 99 is provided between the accelerating electrode 5 and the beam drift unit 19 to adjust the axial position of the electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution. You may allow it.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, even in the three-pole gyrotron, the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted. The same effect as can be obtained. In both cases of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, after the axial position is adjusted by the same method as that shown in FIG. 3, the fixing screw 35 is used for fixing, but as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a method combining right and left screws may be used.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 7 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a bipolar gyrotron according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the first and second embodiments are the same or equivalent. Since the parts are shown, the description is omitted. In the first and second embodiments, by providing the axial position adjusting mechanism 99 on the electron gun 1 side of the beam drift unit 19,
Electron gun 1 for the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20
I showed the thing that can adjust the axial position of
As shown in, the axial position adjusting mechanism 99 may be provided anywhere between the flange 17 of the gyrotron 100 and the electron gun 1.

In FIG. 7, for example, the axial position adjusting mechanism 99
Is provided between the cavity resonator 6 and the collector 7. In addition,
After the adjustment of the axial position, it is fixed with the fixing screw 35 as in FIG. 3 or 4.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the position of the electron gun 1 in the axial direction with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted. The same effect as can be obtained.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 8 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the first to third embodiments indicate the same or corresponding portions, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. To do. In the first and third embodiments, the axial position adjusting mechanism 9 is provided at any place of the gyrotron 100.
Although it has been shown that the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted by providing 9, the axial movement relative to the gyrotron 100 as shown in FIG. Possible moving flange 40
By installing the gyrotron 100 on the permanent magnet 20 via the, the axial position of the gyrotron 100 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted. As a result, the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted.

The magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 is as shown in FIG. 2, and the magnetic field in the vicinity of the electron gun 1 monotonously decreases as the distance from the cavity resonator 6 increases.
The magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the axial position of the electron gun 1 by adjusting the axial position of the gyrotron 100 with such a structure. In this case, although the axial position of the cavity resonator 6 also changes, the magnetic field distribution in the cavity resonator 6 is flat. Of the gyrotron 100 does not substantially change and the gyrotron 100 oscillation is not significantly affected.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be adjusted while securing the magnetic field in the cavity resonator 6 necessary for oscillation. The current flowing through the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 can be reduced or made zero. as a result,
Since the magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be set to an optimum size while suppressing or eliminating heat generation in the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device 200 are improved. The effect that it can be improved is obtained.

Further, since the allowable value of the difference of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 from the design value can be increased, it is not necessary to improve the manufacturing accuracy of the permanent magnet 20,
The price of the permanent magnet 20 drops, and the gyrotron device 20
The effect that 0 can be made cheap is acquired.

Embodiment 5 FIG. FIG. 9 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the first to fourth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding parts, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. To do. In the fourth embodiment, the moving flange 40 is used to adjust the axial position of the gyrotron 100 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20. However, as shown in FIG. One or more spacers 42 may be installed between the end surface of the permanent magnet 20 and the flange 17, and the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20 can be adjusted. ,
The magnetic flux density in the electron gun 1 can be adjusted.

As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, the same effect as that of the fourth embodiment is exhibited, and the reliability and the oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device 200 can be improved. .

Embodiment 6 FIG. 10 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a side sectional view taken along the line AA of the gyrotron device of FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a B section of the gyrotron device of FIG.
It is a side surface sectional view by the -B section. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those used in the first to fifth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding parts, and the description thereof will be omitted. Reference numeral 43 is a groove formed on the outer wall surface of the gyrotron 100 in contact with the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30, and 44 is a groove formed on the outer wall surface of the gyrotron 100 in contact with the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31.

When the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 is largely deviated from the design value, a large current must be passed through the auxiliary electromagnet to correct the magnetic field, and the auxiliary electromagnet itself is damaged by Joule heat. I will receive it. Further, in the gyrotron 100, a hot cathode is usually used as the cathode 2 of the electron gun 1. Therefore, the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 is used in the electron emitting portion 3 of the cathode 2 in the electron gun 1 in addition to its own Joule heat. Since it is affected by heat generation, it is especially susceptible to damage due to heat. From the above, it is necessary that the deviation of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 from the design value is suppressed within the range where the above problems do not occur, and the magnetic field can be adjusted by the auxiliary electromagnet.

In the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a groove 43 is formed on the outer wall surface of the gyrotron 100 which is in contact with the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30, and the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 is formed. Gyrotron 10 in contact
By forming the groove 44 on the outer wall surface of 0, the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 or the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 can be air-cooled through the groove 43 or the groove 44. As compared with the case where the magnetic field is not formed, a larger current can be passed through the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 or the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, and as a result, the difference in the design value of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 is allowed. The range can be increased. Thereby, the permanent magnet 20
The effect of reducing the price of is obtained.

When the groove 43 or the groove 44 alone is not sufficient for cooling, the cooling effect can be enhanced by blowing cool air from the collector 7 side of the gyrotron 100 or the electron gun 1 side. Further, when the cavity resonator 6 is water-cooled, the groove 43 may not be formed between the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 and the outer wall of the gyrotron 100. Although the number of grooves is six in the circumferential direction in FIGS. 10 to 12, the number of grooves is not necessarily six.

Seventh Embodiment FIG. 13 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a bipolar gyrotron according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, the same reference numerals as those in the first to sixth embodiments are the same or equivalent. Since the parts are shown, the description is omitted. 13 is the cathode 2
And an axial alignment ring for keeping the anode 4 coaxial, 15 is a bellows provided between the axial alignment ring 13 and the cathode support flange 16, and 16 is moved along the inner wall of the axial alignment ring 13, A cathode support flange capable of changing the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4, 96 is a collar (second collar) formed on the outer wall of the cathode support flange 16, and 97 is a collar formed on the outer wall of the alignment ring 13. A fixing screw 35 that can be fixed by arbitrarily changing the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is screwed between the collar 96 and the collar 97.

Since the electric field intensity E _k ⊥ in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field on the surface of the electron emitting portion 3 is determined by the voltage and the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4, the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is variable. Thus, the electric field strength E _k ⊥ can be adjusted. In the bipolar gyrotron 100 according to the seventh embodiment, since the anode 4 also serves as the acceleration electrode 5 of the tripolar gyrotron, the voltage between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is also the accelerating voltage. With this configuration, the electric field strength in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field on the surface of the electron emitting portion can be adjusted without changing the acceleration voltage.

Therefore, as can be seen from the equation (6),
By adjusting the electric field strength E _k ⊥, the cavity resonator 6
Velocity component v ₀ ⊥ in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of the electron at
Can be controlled, and within the range where electrons do not cause reflection, v ₀ ⊥
By making as large as possible, high oscillation efficiency can be obtained.

As described above, according to the seventh embodiment, in the bipolar gyrotron 100, the cathode 2
By varying the distance between the anode 4 and the anode 4, the electric field strength in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field on the surface of the electron emitting portion 3 can be adjusted without changing the accelerating voltage.
00 has the effect of improving the oscillation efficiency.

In FIG. 13, although the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is adjusted by the same method as that shown in FIG. 3, the fixing screw 35 is used for fixing.
You may use the method which combined the right screw and the left screw as shown in FIG.

Embodiment 8 FIG. FIG. 14 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the first to seventh embodiments indicate the same or corresponding parts, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. To do. In the seventh embodiment, the case where only the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 can be adjusted has been described.
As shown in FIG.
The outer wall of the cylinder having the anode 4 and the beam drift portion 19
It may be formed between the outer wall of the electron gun 1 and the outer wall of the electron gun 1 so that the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the distribution of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 and the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 can be adjusted independently. .

In FIG. 14, the adjustment of the distance between the cathode 2 and the anode 4 is performed by sliding the fitting portion 12a, and the adjustment of the axial position of the electron gun 1 is performed by sliding the fitting portion 12b. I am trying to do each independently. In this way, the electric field strength on the surface of the electron emitting portion is adjusted to an optimum value, and the permanent magnet 20
Since it is possible to adjust the axial position of the electron gun 1 with respect to the magnetic field distribution that is generated, the current flowing through the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 can be reduced or made zero.
In addition, the electric field strength in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field on the surface of the electron emitting portion 3 can be adjusted without changing the accelerating voltage, so that the oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device 200 can be improved.

In FIG. 14, after the distance between the anode 2 and the cathode 4 is adjusted and the position of the electron gun 1 in the axial direction is adjusted, the fixing is performed using the fixing screw 35 in the same manner as that shown in FIG. However, it is also possible to use a method in which the right screw and the left screw are combined as shown in FIG.

Ninth Embodiment FIG. 15 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the first to eighth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding portions, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. To do. Reference numeral 45 is a support portion for holding the shaft of the gyrotron 100. The gyrotron 100 has a flange 17
And it is installed so as to be coaxial with the permanent magnet 20 at two different locations in the axial direction of the support portion 45.

With such a configuration, the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 are kept exactly coaxial, so that the cavity resonator 6 of the gyrotron 100 is kept.
The passing position of the electron beam can be set at the designed position, and the effect of preventing the reduction of the oscillation efficiency due to the deviation of the passing position of the electron beam can be obtained.

Further, even if the gyrotron device 200 is tilted, the coaxiality between the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 can be maintained, so that the gyrotron device 200 can be maintained.
The effect that the direction of the central axis of the gyrotron 100 can be freely determined in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, the oblique direction, or the like at the time of installation. Further, the support portion 45 does not need to fill the entire gap formed between the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20, and may have a function of ensuring coaxiality, so that a ventilation hole or the like can be provided.

Embodiment 10 FIG. 16 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a main cross sectional view of the gyrotron output power with respect to a plurality of permanent magnet temperatures when the electron beam acceleration voltage and the electron beam current are constant. FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship with the magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet current. FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the current flowing through the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet to correct the change in the magnetic field due to the temperature change of the permanent magnet and the temperature of the permanent magnet. FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the output power of the gyrotron and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet current when the electron beam acceleration voltage, the electron beam current, and the permanent magnet temperature are constant. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those used in the first to ninth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding parts, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. 60
Reference numerals 61 and 61 are direct current constant current sources for correcting the change in the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet, which flow through the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 to correct the change in the generated magnetic field of the permanent magnet.

The main magnetic field fine adjustment In order to adjust the magnetic field by passing a current through the electromagnet 30, there are the following two purposes. The first purpose is that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 changes due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet. However, the relationship between the output power of the gyrotron 100 and the electron beam current, the output power and the main magnetic field, etc. The output characteristic data such as the relationship with the current flowing through the fine adjustment electromagnet 30 is acquired in advance.
Therefore, when operating the gyrotron device 200, if the magnetic flux density generated by the permanent magnet 20 changes with time or temperature, it is necessary to correct it so that it becomes equal to the magnetic flux density at the time of acquiring the output characteristic data. Therefore, an electric current is passed through the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 for that purpose.

The second purpose is to control the output power of the gyrotron 100, and the relationship between the output power and the current of the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 is as shown in FIG. 17, for example. This figure shows, for example, the output power and the current of the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 when the accelerating voltage of the electron beam and the electron beam current are constant with respect to the temperatures T ₁ , T ₂ , and T ₃ of the _three permanent magnets 20. Shows the relationship between and. For example, when the temperature of the permanent magnet 20 is T ₁ , the maximum output power is obtained when the current I ₁ is passed through the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30, and the current is increased or decreased from I _1. Indicates that the output power can be controlled by.

Conventionally, in order to perform the above-mentioned two purposes, that is, to correct the change of the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet 20 and to control the output power by one DC constant current source, Data on some permanent magnet temperatures as shown in FIG. 17 are acquired in advance, and when actually operating the gyrotron 100, the output power and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet with respect to the temperature of the permanent magnet 20 at that time are operated. The current of the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30 was adjusted based on the data showing the relationship with the current of 30.

In the tenth embodiment, in order to more easily operate the gyrotron 100, the permanent magnet 20
Compensation for changes in the generated magnetic field due to temperature changes and changes over time,
Output power control and separate DC constant current sources 60 and 61 connected in parallel to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30.
I am trying to do it using. At this time, for example, referring to the graph of FIG. 18, when the temperature of the permanent magnet 20 is T ₀ , for example, a DC constant current source 60 may be used to flow a current of I ₀ to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30. I understand.
In the graph of FIG. 18, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 is increased when the temperature of the permanent magnet 20 increases, for example, because the temperature coefficient of the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 20 has a negative value. This is because the density is reduced, and a magnetic field correspondingly large must be generated by the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 30.

As described above, according to the tenth embodiment, the change in the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change or the aged change of the permanent magnet 20 is corrected by using the DC constant current source 60 with reference to FIG. Therefore, in order to control the output power of the gyrotron 100, for example, only one data as shown in FIG. 19 is necessary. With reference to this, the output current of the DC constant current source 60 for output power control Can be adjusted to control the output power of the gyrotron 100, and therefore, the operation of the gyrotron device 200 can be simplified and the reliability can be improved.

Embodiment 11 FIG. 20 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the first to tenth embodiments are shown.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will not be repeated. Reference numeral 62 denotes a DC constant current source for correcting changes in the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 connected in parallel to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31, and 63 denotes output power control DC connected in parallel to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31. It is a constant current source. In the tenth embodiment, the method for adjusting the magnetic field in the cavity resonator 6 has been described, but as shown in FIG. 20, the same method may be used for adjusting the magnetic field of the electron gun 1. Electron gun 1
Also in the above, it is necessary to adjust the current flowing in the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 for the purpose of correcting the change of the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet 20 and the purpose of controlling the output power.

In the eleventh embodiment, for example, a DC constant current source 62 is used to supply an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 31 with a current for correcting a change in the generated magnetic field due to a temperature change or aged change of the permanent magnet 20. The current for outputting and controlling the output power of the gyrotron 100 using the DC constant current source 63 for controlling the output power is used for the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet 3.
Output to 1. With this configuration, the operation of the gyrotron device 200 is simple and the reliability can be improved as in the tenth embodiment.

[Embodiment 12] FIG. 21 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, first to eleventh embodiments are shown.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will not be repeated. Reference numeral 47 is a cylinder formed of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or acrylic and arranged on the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20. The permanent magnet 20 is made by combining many magnet pieces, and in generating the magnetic field distribution as shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20 has irregularities as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the gyrotron 100 is inserted into the inner wall of the permanent magnet 20, the permanent magnet and the gyrotron come into contact with each other and the permanent magnet is damaged,
The insulating coating of the auxiliary electromagnet is damaged.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems,
The insertion work of the gyrotron 100 must be performed with sufficient caution. Therefore, by installing a non-magnetic cylinder 47 as shown in FIG. 21 on the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20,
It is possible to prevent contact between the irregularities on the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20 and the gyrotron 100, the work of inserting the gyrotron 100 can be performed smoothly, and the work efficiency can be improved.

Embodiment 13 FIG. 22 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the first to the twelfth embodiments are shown.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will not be repeated. In the twelfth embodiment, the non-magnetic cylinder 47 is installed on the inner surface of the permanent magnet 20 in order to smoothly insert the gyrotron 100 into the permanent magnet 20, but as shown in FIG. In addition to this function, when the gyrotron 100 is installed on the permanent magnet 20, a support portion 47a for holding the coaxial of the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 is provided at an appropriate position near the electron gun of the gyrotron 100. It may be applied to the non-magnetic cylinder 47.

As described above, according to the thirteenth embodiment, not only the work of inserting the gyrotron 100 into the permanent magnet 20 can be performed smoothly, but also the center axes of the permanent magnet 20 and the gyrotron 100 are aligned. Can be easily performed, and the state where the axes match can be maintained.
Furthermore, even if the gyrotron device 200 is tilted, the permanent magnet 20 and the gyrotron 100 can be coaxial with each other. Therefore, when the gyrotron device 200 is installed, the direction of the central axis of the gyrotron 100 is set to the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, The diagonal direction can be freely determined, and the effect of stabilizing the oscillation can be obtained.

Embodiment 14 FIG. 23 is a wiring diagram of a bipolar gyrotron according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention and a power supply for generating and accelerating an electron beam, and FIG. 24 is a front sectional view showing the gyrotron device of FIG. .
In the figure, the same reference numerals as those used in the first to thirteenth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding parts, and the description thereof will be omitted. An electron beam power source 50 is connected between the anode terminal 52 and the cathode terminal 53, and may be either a DC power source or a pulse power source.

51 is a cathode terminal 53 and a heater terminal 54.
, 55a and 55b are connection conductors respectively connected to the cathode terminal 53 and the heater terminal 54 on the gyrotron 100 side, and 56 is the permanent magnet 2.
Insulating substrate attached to the bottom of 0, 70 is cathode 2
This is a heater for heating the electron emission portion 3 of. In addition,
The anode 4 has a ground potential, and the cathode terminal 53 is also common to one end of the heater 70.

By the way, from the characteristics of the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet 20, in order to make the electron gun 1 go out from the end face of the permanent magnet 20 while the gyrotron 100 is installed in the permanent magnet 20, It is necessary to lengthen the gun 1, which is not preferable in terms of assembly accuracy. By the way, electron gun 1
Requires at least wiring to the cathode terminal 53 and the heater terminal 54, but it takes time to connect the power supply line to the electron gun 1 with the gyrotron 100 installed in the permanent magnet 20. ineffective.

Therefore, in the fourteenth embodiment, the lengths of the connection conductors 55a and 55b are such that at least the gyrotron 100 is installed in the permanent magnet 20, and the tips of the connection conductors 55a and 55b are more than the end surface of the permanent magnet 20. It is the length that goes outside. Gyrotron 10 in permanent magnet 20
When 0 is inserted, the connecting conductors 55a and 55b become the insulating substrate 5.
It goes out through the hole provided in 6. The connection conductors 55a and 55b may be high-voltage cables covered with an insulating material. In this case, a metal substrate may be used instead of the insulating substrate 56. As described above, according to the fourteenth embodiment, the work of connecting the power supply line to the electron gun 1 can be efficiently performed.

Fifteenth Embodiment FIG. 25 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, first to fourteenth embodiments are shown.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will not be repeated. In the fourteenth embodiment, the connection conductors 55a, 5
Although 5b is shown as being connected to the cathode terminal 53 and the heater terminal 54 on the gyrotron 100 side respectively, as shown in FIG.
55b may be arranged on the insulating substrate 56. in this case,
The socket 57 composed of the connection conductors 55a and 55b and the insulating substrate 56 is formed, and the gyrotron 100 is provided in the permanent magnet 20.
Is inserted, the socket 57 is arranged under the permanent magnet 20 so as to be automatically connected to the gyrotron 100.

The socket 57 does not have to be fixed to the lower part of the permanent magnet 20, and the socket 57 may be fitted into the lower part of the permanent magnet 20 after the gyrotron 100 is inserted into the permanent magnet 20. . Furthermore, the connection conductors 55a and 55b and the insulating substrate 56 may be made to have rigidity so that the gyrotron 100 and the permanent magnet 20 can be kept coaxial. According to the fifteenth embodiment, the work of connecting the power supply line to the electron gun 1 can be efficiently performed.

Sixteenth Embodiment 26 is a wiring diagram of a three-pole gyrotron according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention and a power supply for generating and accelerating an electron beam, and FIG. 27 is a front sectional view showing the gyrotron device of FIG. .
In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the first to fifteenth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding portions, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. Although the two-pole gyrotron has been described in the fourteenth and fifteenth embodiments, a three-pole gyrotron may be used as shown in FIG.

An electron beam power source 50 is connected between the acceleration electrode terminal 58 and the cathode terminal 53, and the acceleration electrode 5 has a ground potential. 71 and 72 are resistors for voltage division, and a voltage obtained by dividing the output voltage of the electron beam power source 50 is applied to the anode 4 by the resistors 71 and 72 for voltage division. In the case of a three-pole gyrotron, the electron gun 1 requires wiring for the anode 4 in addition to the wiring for the heater 70 and the cathode 2. In such a case, the anode terminal 52 may be provided in the electron gun unit 1 and the connection conductor 55c may be connected. According to the sixteenth embodiment, the electron gun 1
It is possible to efficiently perform the work of connecting the power supply line to the.

[0112]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided the axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the axial position of the electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet. Since it is configured to be provided, there is an effect that the magnetic flux density in the electron gun can be optimized and the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the electron gun has a cathode having an electron emitting portion and an anode forming an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion.
It is a polar type electron gun, and is provided with an axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the axial position of the electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet without changing the positional relationship between the cathode and the anode. With this configuration, the magnetic flux density in the electron gun can be optimized, and the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the first flange formed on the outer wall of the anode and the outer wall of the beam drift portion through which the electron beam heading for the cavity resonator pass. The formed second collar, the bellows interposed between the anode and the beam drift portion to maintain the inside of the gyrotron device in a vacuum, the first collar and the second collar.
Since it is configured to be provided between the brim of the electron gun and the fixing screw that can be fixed by arbitrarily changing the distance between the anode and the beam drift portion, the magnetic flux density in the electron gun is optimized. Therefore, there is an effect that the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be improved.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in the electron gun, a cathode having an electron emitting portion, an anode forming an electric field for drawing out an electron from the electron emitting portion, and an electric field for accelerating the electron are formed. 3 with accelerating electrodes
It is a polar type electron gun, and is provided with an axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the axial position of the electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet without changing the positional relationship between the cathode and the anode. With this configuration, the magnetic flux density in the electron gun can be optimized, and the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be improved.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the insulating cylinder that insulates between the anode and the acceleration electrode and the first collar formed on the outer wall of the cylinder having the anode inside. A second collar formed on the outer wall of the metal brazed to the bellows, a bellows interposed between a cylinder having an anode inside and an insulating cylinder to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, and a first collar. And a second collar, and a fixing screw that can be fixed by arbitrarily changing the distance between the anode and the accelerating electrode is provided, so that the magnetic flux density in the electron gun is optimized. Therefore, there is an effect that the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be improved.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the first collar formed on the outer wall of the cylinder having the accelerating electrode therein and the electron beam toward the cavity resonator pass therethrough. The second formed on the outer wall of the beam drift part
A collar, a bellows which is interposed between a cylinder having an accelerating electrode inside and a beam drift portion to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, and is arranged between the first collar and the second collar, Since it is configured with a fixing screw that can be fixed by arbitrarily changing the distance between the accelerating electrode and the beam drift part, the magnetic flux density in the electron gun can be optimized, and the reliability of the gyrotron device can be improved. And the oscillation efficiency can be improved.

According to the invention of claim 7, the axial position adjusting mechanism is arranged at any position from the electron gun to the flange for fixing the gyrotron to the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux density can be optimized and the gyrotron device can be improved in reliability and oscillation efficiency.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the flange for fixing the gyrotron to the permanent magnet is configured to be movable in the axial direction. Therefore, the reliability of the gyrotron device is improved. And the oscillation efficiency can be improved.

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, at least one of the outer wall surface of the gyrotron in contact with the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet and the outer wall surface of the gyrotron in contact with the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet is arranged along the axial direction. Since the groove is formed, the reliability and oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be improved, and the allowable range of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet with respect to the design value can be increased. There is an effect that the price of the permanent magnet can be reduced.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, since the axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the distance between the cathode and the anode constituting the bipolar electron gun is provided, the accelerating voltage is not changed. Even so, the electric field strength in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field on the surface of the electron emitting portion can be adjusted, and the effect of improving the oscillation efficiency of the gyrotron device can be obtained.

According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, in the axial position adjusting mechanism, the first collar formed on the outer wall of the axial alignment ring provided so as to keep the cathode and the anode coaxial with each other, and the cathode A second collar formed on the outer wall of the cathode support flange that is fixed to the rear end and moves along the inner wall of the alignment ring, is disposed between the first collar and the second collar, and has a cathode and an anode. Since it is configured to have a fixing screw that can be fixed by arbitrarily changing the distance between and, it is possible to adjust the electric field strength in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field on the surface of the electron emitting portion without changing the accelerating voltage. The effect that the oscillation efficiency can be improved is obtained.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, a plurality of supporting portions for holding the gyrotron and the permanent magnet in a positional relationship in which the central axes of the gyrotron and the permanent magnet coincide with each other are arranged at different positions in the respective axial directions. Since the gyrotron and the permanent magnet are kept in the exact coaxial state, the electron beam passage position in the cavity resonator of the gyrotron can be set as designed, and the electron beam passage position shifts. There is an effect that it is possible to prevent a decrease in the oscillation efficiency due to.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, since a plurality of DC constant current sources are connected to at least one of the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for excitation, the output Since the output current of the gyrotron can be controlled by adjusting the output current of the DC constant current source for power control, the operation of the gyrotron device can be simplified and the reliability can be improved. There is.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the invention, in order to correct the change in the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change or the secular change of the permanent magnet, the current of one DC constant current source is output to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, and the gyro In order to control the output power of the thoron, the current of the other DC constant current source is output to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, so the output current of the DC constant current source for output power control is adjusted to control the gyrotron. Since it is possible to control the output power of, the operation of the gyrotron device is simplified and the reliability can be improved.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the invention, in order to correct the change in the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change or the secular change of the permanent magnet, the current of one of the DC constant current sources is output to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, In order to control the output power of the gyrotron, the current of the other DC constant current source was output to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, so the output current of the DC constant current source for output power control was adjusted. Since the output power of the gyrotron can be controlled, the gyrotron device can be operated easily and the reliability can be improved.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, since the non-magnetic cylinder is arranged on the inner surface of the permanent magnet, it is possible to prevent contact between the irregularities on the inner surface of the permanent magnet and the gyrotron. There is an effect that the work of inserting the gyrotron can be performed smoothly and the work efficiency can be improved.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the invention, since the supporting portion for holding the coaxial of the gyrotron and the permanent magnet is formed in the cylinder of the non-magnetic material, the irregularities on the inner surface of the permanent magnet and the gyrotron are formed. It is possible to prevent contact with the gyrotron, you can smoothly perform the work of inserting the gyrotron,
At the same time as the working efficiency can be improved, the direction of the central axis of the gyrotron can be freely determined in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, the diagonal direction, and the like, and the oscillation can be stabilized.

According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the connecting conductors for feeding the bipolar electron gun are respectively connected to the cathode terminal and the heater terminal on the gyrotron side, and the tips of the connecting conductors are connected to the end surface of the permanent magnet. Since it is configured to project further outward, there is an effect that the work of connecting the power supply line to the electron gun can be efficiently performed.

According to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the three-pole type electron gun is provided with the anode terminal to connect the connecting conductor, so that the work of connecting the feeder line to the electron gun can be efficiently performed. There is an effect that can be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a bipolar gyrotron according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing an axial distribution of a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet in the gyrotron device shown in FIG.

3 is an enlarged front sectional view showing an electron gun of the gyrotron device of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front sectional view showing an electron gun of the gyrotron device having the bipolar gyrotron according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a three-pole gyrotron according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a three-pole gyrotron according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a bipolar gyrotron according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a side sectional view taken along the line AA of the gyrotron device of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a side sectional view of the gyrotron device of FIG. 10 taken along the line BB.

FIG. 13 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device having a bipolar gyrotron according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between the output power of the gyrotron and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet current with respect to a plurality of permanent magnet temperatures when the electron beam acceleration voltage and the electron beam current are constant.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the current flowing in the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet and the temperature of the permanent magnet to correct the change of the magnetic field due to the temperature change of the permanent magnet.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the output power of the gyrotron and the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet current when the electron beam acceleration voltage, the electron beam current, and the permanent magnet temperature are constant.

FIG. 20 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

22 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 23 is a wiring diagram of a bipolar gyrotron according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention and a power supply for generating and accelerating an electron beam.

FIG. 24 is a front sectional view showing the gyrotron device of FIG. 23.

FIG. 25 is a front sectional view showing a gyrotron device according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a wiring diagram of a three-pole gyrotron and a power supply for generating and accelerating an electron beam according to Embodiment 16 of the present invention.

27 is a front sectional view showing the gyrotron device of FIG. 26. FIG.

FIG. 28 is a front sectional view showing a conventional three-pole gyrotron device.

FIG. 29 is a front sectional view showing a conventional two-pole gyrotron device.

FIG. 30 is a graph showing a magnetic field distribution generated by a magnetic field generator used in a conventional gyrotron device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 electron gun, 2 cathode, 3 electron emitting part, 4 anode, 5 acceleration electrode, 6 cavity resonator, 7 collector,
8 output windows, 13 axis alignment rings, 14a, 14b
Insulation cylinder, 15 bellows, 16 cathode support flange, 17 flange, 19 beam drift part, 20
Permanent magnet, 30 main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, 31 electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, 35 fixing screw, 43 groove, 45 support portion, 47 non-magnetic cylinder, 47a support portion, 52 anode terminal, 53 cathode terminal, 54 heater Terminal,
55a to 55c Connection conductor, 60 to 63 DC constant current source, 70 Heater, 90, 92, 95, 97 brim (first brim), 91, 93, 94, 96 brim (second brim), 99 axial direction Position adjustment mechanism, 100 gyrotron, 200 gyrotron device.

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. An electron gun for emitting an electron beam and a cavity resonator for causing a cyclotron resonance maser action between an electron emitted from the electron gun and a high-frequency electromagnetic field resonating in an eigenmode. A collector for collecting the electron beam that has passed through the body resonator, and a gyrotron having an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action to the outside, and a gyrotron composed of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and emitted from the electron gun. In a gyrotron device including a magnetic field generator that generates an axial magnetic field that causes the electrons to make a swirling motion, the axial position of the electron gun can be adjusted with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet. The gyrotron device, which is provided with an axial position adjusting mechanism. 2. The electron gun is a bipolar electron gun having a cathode having an electron emitting portion and an anode forming an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion, and the positional relationship between the cathode and the anode is changed. The axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the axial position of the two-pole electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet without performing the above operation. Gyrotron device. 3. The axial position adjusting mechanism has a first collar formed on the outer wall of the anode and a second collar formed on the outer wall of the beam drift portion through which the electron beam toward the cavity resonator passes. A bellows which is interposed between the anode and the beam drift section to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, and is arranged between the first brim and the second brim. The gyrotron device according to claim 2, further comprising a fixing screw capable of changing and fixing a distance to the beam drift portion. 4. The electron gun is a cathode having an electron emitting portion,
A three-pole electron gun having an anode that forms an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emission portion and an accelerating electrode that forms an electric field for accelerating the electrons, and changing the positional relationship between the cathode and the anode. 2. The gyrotron according to claim 1, further comprising an axial position adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the axial position of the electron gun with respect to the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnets. apparatus. 5. The axial position adjusting mechanism includes a first collar formed on an outer wall of a cylinder having an anode therein and a metal brazed to an insulating cylinder for insulating between the anode and the acceleration electrode. A second collar formed on the outer wall, a bellows interposed between the cylinder having the anode inside and the insulating cylinder to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, the first collar and the first collar. The gyrotron device according to claim 4, further comprising a fixing screw that is disposed between the two brims and that can change and fix a distance between the anode and the acceleration electrode. 6. The axial position adjusting mechanism is formed on a first flange formed on an outer wall of a cylinder having an accelerating electrode therein and on an outer wall of a beam drift portion through which an electron beam heading for a cavity resonator passes. A second bellows, a bellows interposed between the cylinder having the accelerating electrode inside and the beam drift section to maintain a vacuum inside the gyrotron device, the first brim and the second brim. 5. A fixing screw, which is arranged between the brim and can change and fix the distance between the accelerating electrode and the beam drift portion as desired.
The gyrotron device described. 7. The gyrotron device according to claim 1, wherein the axial position adjusting mechanism is arranged at any position from the electron gun to a flange for fixing the gyrotron to the permanent magnet. 8. The gyrotron device according to claim 1, wherein the axial position adjusting mechanism is configured such that a flange for fixing the gyrotron to the permanent magnet is movable in the axial direction. 9. An electron gun for emitting an electron beam, and a cavity resonator for causing a cyclotron resonance maser action between an electron emitted from the electron gun and a high frequency electromagnetic field resonating in an eigenmode, the cavity. A gyrotron having a collector for collecting the electron beam that has passed through the body resonator and an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action to the outside, a permanent magnet, an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, and a main magnetic field fine A gyrotron device comprising a magnetic field generator configured to include an adjusting electromagnet and generating an axial magnetic field that causes a spin motion of electrons emitted from the electron gun, the external part of the gyrotron being in contact with the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet. A shaft is provided on at least one of the wall surface and the outer wall surface of the gyrotron that is in contact with the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet. A gyrotron device having grooves formed along a direction. 10. A bipolar electron gun for emitting an electron beam, comprising a cathode having an electron emitting portion and an anode forming an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion, and the bipolar electron gun. A cavity resonator that causes a cyclotron resonance maser action between the injected electrons and a high-frequency electromagnetic field that resonates in an eigenmode, a collector that collects an electron beam that has passed through the cavity resonator, and the cyclotron resonance. A magnetic field that generates an axial magnetic field that is composed of a gyrotron having an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the maser action to the outside, a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and causes the electrons emitted from the bipolar electron gun to make a swirling motion. A gyrotron device including a generator, in which the distance between the cathode and the anode of the bipolar electron gun is adjustable. A gyrotron device having a directional position adjusting mechanism. 11. The axial position adjusting mechanism comprises a first collar formed on an outer wall of an axial alignment ring provided so that the cathode and the anode are coaxial with each other, and the axial flange fixing mechanism fixed to the rear end of the cathode. A second collar formed on the outer wall of the cathode support flange that moves along the inner wall of the mating ring and a distance between the cathode and the anode, the second collar being disposed between the first collar and the second collar. The gyrotron device according to claim 10, further comprising a fixing screw that can be changed and fixed arbitrarily. 12. An electron gun for emitting an electron beam and a cavity resonator for causing a cyclotron resonance maser action between an electron emitted from the electron gun and a high frequency electromagnetic field resonating in an eigenmode, the cavity. A collector for collecting the electron beam that has passed through the body resonator, and a gyrotron having an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action to the outside, and a gyrotron composed of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and emitted from the electron gun. In a gyrotron device including a magnetic field generator that generates an axial magnetic field that causes the electrons to make a swirling motion, a support portion that holds the gyrotron and the permanent magnets in a positional relationship in which the respective central axes match each other is provided. A gyrotron device having a plurality of axially different positions. 13. An electron gun for emitting an electron beam and a cavity resonator for causing a cyclotron resonance maser action between an electron emitted from the electron gun and a high frequency electromagnetic field resonating in an eigenmode, the cavity. A gyrotron having a collector for collecting the electron beam that has passed through the body resonator and an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action to the outside, a permanent magnet, an electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet, and a main magnetic field fine A gyrotron device including a magnetic field generator configured to include an adjusting electromagnet and generating an axial magnetic field that causes a spin motion of electrons emitted from the electron gun, wherein the electron gun magnetic field fine adjusting electromagnet or the main magnetic field fine A gyrotron device characterized in that a plurality of direct current constant current sources are connected to at least one of the adjusting electromagnets for excitation. Place. 14. To control the output power of the gyrotron by outputting the current of one of the DC constant current sources to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet in order to correct the change in the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change or the secular change of the permanent magnet. 14. The gyrotron device according to claim 13, wherein the current of the other DC constant current source is output to the main magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet. 15. The output power of the gyrotron is controlled by outputting the current of one of the DC constant current sources to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet in order to correct the change of the generated magnetic field due to the temperature change and the secular change of the permanent magnet. The gyrotron device according to claim 13, wherein the current of the other DC constant current source is output to the electron gun magnetic field fine adjustment electromagnet for this purpose. 16. An electron gun for emitting an electron beam and a cavity resonator for causing a cyclotron resonance maser action between an electron emitted from the electron gun and a high frequency electromagnetic field resonating in an eigenmode, the cavity. A collector for collecting the electron beam that has passed through the body resonator, and a gyrotron having an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action to the outside, and a gyrotron composed of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and emitted from the electron gun. A gyrotron device including a magnetic field generator that generates an axial magnetic field that causes the electrons to make a swirling motion, wherein a nonmagnetic cylinder is installed on the inner surface of the permanent magnet. 17. The gyrotron device according to claim 16, wherein a support portion for holding the coaxial of the gyrotron and the permanent magnet is formed on a non-magnetic cylinder. 18. A bipolar electron gun for emitting an electron beam, comprising a cathode having an electron emitting portion and an anode forming an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion, and the bipolar electron gun. A cavity resonator that causes a cyclotron resonance maser action between the emitted electrons and a high-frequency electromagnetic field that resonates in an eigenmode, a collector that collects an electron beam that has passed through the cavity resonator, and an electron at the cathode. A gyrotron having a heater for heating the emitting portion, a heater terminal connected to the heater, a cathode terminal connected to the cathode, and an output window for extracting the high frequency generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action to the outside, Generates an axial magnetic field that is composed of a magnet and an electromagnet and causes the electrons emitted from the bipolar electron gun to undergo a swirling motion. In a gyrotron device including a magnetic field generator, connection conductors for feeding the bipolar electron gun are respectively connected to a cathode terminal and a heater terminal on the gyrotron side, and tips of these connection conductors are connected to the permanent magnet. A gyrotron device characterized in that the gyrotron device is projected outward from the end face of the. 19. An electron beam is emitted, comprising a cathode having an electron emitting portion, an anode forming an electric field for extracting electrons from the electron emitting portion, and an accelerating electrode forming an electric field for accelerating the electrons. And a cavity resonator that causes a cyclotron resonance maser action between an electron emitted from the electron gun and a high-frequency electromagnetic field that resonates in an eigenmode, and the cavity resonator. A collector for collecting the electron beam that has passed through the inside, a heater for heating the electron emitting portion of the cathode, a heater terminal connected to this heater, a cathode terminal connected to the cathode, and generated by the cyclotron resonance maser action. A gyrotron having an output window for extracting the high frequency to the outside, a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and is emitted from the electron gun. In a gyrotron device equipped with a magnetic field generator that generates an axial magnetic field that causes a swirling motion of electrons, an anode terminal is provided in the three-pole electron gun to connect a connection conductor, and the tip of the connection conductor is A gyrotron device characterized in that it is projected outward from the end face of the permanent magnet.