JPH092341A - Combining device for combination vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a combining device for combination vehicle, which can adjust the coupling gap between a combination vehicle such as a semitrailer or a full trailer and a tractor so as to increase the coupling gap during vertical turning or the like so as to facilitate the turning and running thereof. CONSTITUTION: In a combination vehicle 26 such as a semitrailer, a full trailer or the like to a tractor through the intermediary of a coupler provided to the tractor, an output signal from a vertical coupling angle detecting means K for detecting a vertical coupling angle β between the tractor and the combination vehicle 26, is delivered to a device R for moving the combination vehicle, and accordingly, the combination vehicle 26 is moved fore and after, relative to the tractor in order to control the coupling gap.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes it possible to adjust the connection gap between a tractor and a connected vehicle such as a semi-trailer or a full trailer, and to widen the connection gap when the tractor rotates in the vertical direction by pitching the tractor. The present invention relates to a coupling device for a coupled vehicle that controls rotation so as to be easy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, semi-trailers, full trailers (hereinafter simply referred to as "trailers"), which are articulated vehicles, allow various articles to be placed as quickly as possible, or as far as possible, and as many places as possible. And, being able to carry as much as possible is an essential requirement, especially in the logistics industry.

There is also a shortage of drivers to drive these vehicles, and the number of connected vehicles is increasing in the physical distribution industry. On the other hand, since there is a considerable coupling gap between the conventional tractor and the trailer, the traveling wind flows into the lower part of the rear surface of the cab of the tractor in the above-mentioned gap to generate a turbulent flow such as Karman vortex. The running resistance increases and the running efficiency and fuel efficiency of the vehicle are reduced.

Further, the length of the trailer in the longitudinal direction is shortened by the above-mentioned gap, and the loading volume is reduced.
Under such circumstances, various proposals have been made for the connecting device for the connected vehicle. As a conventional example, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-
There is a publication of 162663. The technique described in the publication is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a bifurcated connection index member 1, a pair of trunnions 2 for mounting the bifurcated connection index member 1, and a pair of slide brackets for mounting the connection pulling member 1. Three
And a pair of slender base plates 4 which are parallel to each other and keep a left-right distance in a front and rear direction, and the slide bracket 3 which is slidably supported on the base plate 4, which is attached to the base plate 4 and extends upward. A pair of elongated curl plates 5 for fixing the slide bracket 3 on the base plate 4 by preventing the slide bracket 3 from moving laterally outward and upward by overlapping a part of the slide bracket 3; A front tie bar 6 that crosses between the base plates 4 and has both ends fixed to the base plate 4, and a rear tie bar that crosses between the base plates 4 and has both ends fixed to the base plate 4 and the front and rear tie bars are provided. The base plates 4 are fixed in a parallel relationship with a space between them. A pair of elongated rack bars 8 fixed to the respective base plates 4 and an extensible rack bite shoe member 9 movably attached to the connecting and pulling member 1, and a cylinder 10 is operated to operate a rod 11 Allows the sliding pulling of the connecting and pulling member 1 by allowing the shoe member 9 to move against the urging force of the spring 12 so as to be released from the engagement with the rack bar 8, and The hydraulic pressure of the cylinder 10 is discharged to reduce the rod 11 together with the urging force of the spring 12, and the shoe member 9 is moved to engage with the rack bar 8 to lock the connecting and pulling member 1 in the adjustment position. It is a slider type connecting and pulling device formed as described above.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned patent application publication described as the above-mentioned conventional example, the connection gap between the tractor and the trailer is not changed by changing the vehicle speed of the tractor. Further, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-
In the technology described in Japanese Patent No. 162663, the gap for connecting the tractor and the trailer can be set, but a considerable load of the trailer is applied to the coupler, which is the connecting and pulling member 1, and the entire coupler is used. When you move
Since the weight distribution of the axles of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle changes, the movement characteristics of the vehicle also change.

That is, since the load applied to the coupler 1 by the trailer is considerably large and relative pitching occurs with the tractor, the position of the fulcrum that causes the pitching when the position of the coupler changes as described above. Is changed, and even if the coupler is set so that it is comfortable to ride with respect to the pitching at the original position, this changes and the riding comfort is deteriorated.

For example, even if a suspension mounted on the chassis frame of the tractor is set at the original coupler position, the balance of forces is lost due to the change of the coupler position, resulting in poor riding comfort. Is. The present invention was created in view of the above problems,
In a coupled vehicle such as a semi-trailer or a full trailer coupled by a coupler provided in a tractor, the vertical coupling gap between the tractor and the coupled vehicle can be adjusted, and the tractor and the coupled vehicle can be traveled by When a vertical connection angle is generated, the connection gap is widened to control the rotation and running so as to facilitate the rotation, and when the vertical connection angle is not generated, the connection gap is increased. The purpose is to reduce the air resistance by making it smaller.

[0008]

Therefore, a connecting device for a connected vehicle according to a first aspect of the present invention is the above-mentioned tractor in a connected vehicle such as a semitrailer or a full trailer connected by a coupler provided on the tractor. And a vertical connection angle detection means for detecting the vertical connection angle of the connected vehicle,
A combined vehicle moving device for moving the combined vehicle in the front-rear direction of the tractor with respect to the tractor in response to a signal from the vertical direction connection angle detecting means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connected vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the connected vehicle moving device corresponds to the connected vehicle by inputting a signal from the vertical connection angle detecting means. A control device that outputs a signal indicating the amount of movement of the tractor and a moving device that moves the connected vehicle in the front-rear direction of the tractor according to the signal from the control device are provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coupling device for a coupled vehicle according to the second aspect, wherein the moving means comprises:
The coupler is configured to be movable in the front-rear direction of the tractor with respect to the tractor, or the jaws of the coupler are configured to be movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the coupler saddle of the coupler. . According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coupling device for a coupled vehicle according to the first or second aspect, wherein the vertical coupling angle detecting means is a mechanical, optical, electrical or electromagnetic sensor. It is characterized by being formed by a potentiometer or the like.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for an articulated vehicle according to any one of the first, second and fourth aspects, wherein the vertical connecting angle detecting means detects the vertical connecting angle. Is generated when the coupler saddle pivot shaft of the tractor rotates in the vertical direction, and before and after the vertical rotation of the tractor or the connected vehicle of the chassis frame of the tractor with the pivot shaft as the center. It is characterized in that it is set to an angle formed or an angle formed by the upper surface or the lower surface of each connected vehicle.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connected vehicle according to any one of the first, second, fourth and fifth embodiments, wherein the connected vehicle moving device is provided with the vertical connecting angle detecting means. Has a control device that outputs a signal corresponding to the movement amount of the connected vehicle, and the vertical connection angle β detected by the vertical connection angle detection means is input and controlled by the control device. The signal of the moving amount ΔS of the connected vehicle that is generated and output is controlled by ΔS≈h · tan θ.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coupling device for a coupled vehicle according to any one of the first, second, third and sixth aspects, wherein the coupler or coupler of the moving means of the coupled vehicle moving device is used. The drive means transmitted to the drive shaft for moving the jaws of the device is configured to be operated by the input of the output signal from the control device.

[0014]

In the connecting device for a connected vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a connected vehicle such as a semitrailer or a full trailer connected by a coupler provided on the tractor,
Vertical connection angle detection means for detecting the vertical connection angle between the tractor and the connection vehicle, and a connection vehicle is moved in the front-back direction of the tractor with respect to the tractor by a signal from the vertical connection angle detection means. Since the vehicle is equipped with a moving device for moving the connecting vehicle, when the connecting angle in the vertical direction does not occur due to running or the like, the vehicle travels with the connecting gap between the tractor and the connecting vehicle as small as possible, and If the vertical connection angle occurs due to running, etc.,
An output signal corresponding to the vertical connection angle detected by the vertical connection angle detection means is input to the connected vehicle moving device.

In the combined vehicle moving device, since the combined vehicle moves to the front and rear of the tractor by the output signal controlled by the input signal from the vertical connection angle detecting means, it is easy to rotate and run the tractor. Can be done. 3. The connecting device for a connected vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the connected vehicle moving device outputs a signal corresponding to a moving amount of the connected vehicle by inputting a signal from the vertical connection angle detecting means. And a moving means for moving the connected vehicle in the front-rear direction of the tractor according to a signal from the control device, so that the output signal corresponding to the vertical connecting angle from the vertical connecting angle detecting means is the above-mentioned. Since the output signal that is input to the control device and further controlled is input to the moving means, the connected vehicle can be moved accurately in the front-rear direction of the tractor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connecting vehicle according to the present invention, wherein the moving means is configured to move the coupler with respect to the tractor in the front-rear direction of the tractor, or a jaw of the coupler. Since it is configured to be movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the coupler saddle of the coupler, the coupler or the jaws of the coupler can be easily moved in the front-rear direction of the tractor.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connecting vehicle according to the present invention, wherein the vertical connection angle detecting means is a potentiometer or the like formed of mechanical, optical, electrical or electromagnetic sensors. Therefore, the vertical connection angle can be easily detected. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connecting vehicle according to the present invention, wherein the vertical connecting angle detected by the vertical connecting angle detecting means is generated when the coupler saddle pivot shaft of the tractor is vertically rotated. , Before and after the tractor or the connected vehicle is rotated in the vertical direction, the angle formed by the chassis frame of the tractor about the pivot shaft, or the angle formed by the upper surface or the lower surface of each connected vehicle, It can be detected quickly and easily.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connected vehicle, wherein the connected vehicle moving device outputs a signal corresponding to a moving amount of the connected vehicle in response to an input of a signal from the vertical connecting angle detecting means. A moving amount ΔS of the connected vehicle that has a control device and is input with the connection angle β detected by the vertical connection angle detection means and controlled and output by the control device.
Is configured so as to be controlled by ΔS≈h · tan β, it is possible to easily obtain an approximate movement amount ΔS of the connected vehicle corresponding to the connection angle detected by the control device. it can.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting device for a connected vehicle according to the present invention, wherein the drive means transmitted to the drive shaft for moving the coupler or the jaws of the coupler of the moving means of the connected vehicle moving device controls the control. The coupler or the jaws of the coupler can be easily and accurately moved by the output signal corresponding to the amount of movement, because the output signal corresponds to the movement amount.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the connecting device for a connected vehicle according to the present invention is applied to a tractor and a trailer, and FIG. 1A shows the connecting device with the trailer provided on the tractor with the same gap as the conventional device. Schematic explanatory view showing the mounted state,
(B) advances the jaws of the coupler of the coupling device,
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing a state in which the trailer is advanced with respect to the tractor, and FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the coupling device for a coupled vehicle according to the present invention is applied to the tractor and the trailer. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the vertical rotation position of the tractor cab when a vertical connection angle is generated by FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 is an approximate calculation of the vertical rotation position of the tractor cab of FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a method of doing so, FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view schematically showing the operating circuit of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a moving configuration of a jaw of the coupler of the coupling device of FIG. 6 and 6 are schematic vertical sectional views taken along the line 6A-6A in FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the tractor 20 is connected with a trailer 26 via a coupler 24, which is a connecting device for a vehicle according to the present invention, provided on a chassis frame 22 of the tractor 20. For example, the tractor 2
When 0 travels, pitching occurs around a pivot shaft around which the coupler saddle 34 of the coupler is pivotally supported, and the tractor 20 and the trailer 26 are displaced relative to each other.

In order to analyze the relative displacement, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, when the trailer 26 is fixed and the displacement of the tractor 20 is examined, the tractor 20 is analyzed.
When traveling, the road surface and the tractor 20 and trailer 2 are
According to the connection status of 6, the pivot shaft 3 of the coupler saddle 34
It is relatively displaced about 2 as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.

When observing the pitching of the tractor 20 from the trailer 26, it means that the tractor 20 is rotated in the vertical direction with respect to the trailer 26 about the pivot shaft 32 of the coupler saddle. As described above,
As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical connecting angle β when the tractor 20 rotates about the pivot shaft 32 extends in the front-back direction of the tractor 20 before the tractor 20 rotates in the vertical direction. Top 2 of 20 chassis frame 22
3 and the upper surface 23a of the chassis frame 22 of the tractor after being rotated in the vertical direction.

Therefore, the tractor 20 is connected to the coupler saddle 34.
When the upper and lower connecting angles β are rotated about the pivot shaft 32 of the tractor 20, the cab rear surface 21 of the tractor 20 becomes like the cab rear surface 21a after the turning by the area indicated by the two-dot chain line and the diagonal line in FIG. It will extend to the rear of the tractor 20 by Δs.
As described above, in order to easily and smoothly perform the rotation accompanying the pitching of the tractor 20 during the rotation, the trailer 26 having the vehicle height h shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 2 is used. Should be moved to the rear of the tractor 20 by approximately Δs or more.

However, this overhang length Δs changes instantaneously during traveling, and it is difficult to calculate the overhang length Δs shown in FIG. Therefore, the inventors have found an approximate overhang length ΔS that can be practically used for the overhang length Δs. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the vertical connection angle β is orthogonal to the horizontal extension line 29 of the upper surface 27 of the trailer 26 before the rotation, and the cab rear surface 21 before the rotation of the tractor 20. It is obvious that the angle β is substantially the same as the angle β formed between the cab rear surface 21a of the tractor 20 after the rotation.

Therefore, ΔS along the extension line 29 of the upper surface 27 of the trailer 26 before the rotation of the tractor 20 shown in FIG. 3 is ΔS≈h · tanβ (where h is the trailer 2).
6 shows the length of the vehicle height of 6). Δ calculated above
Although S is set to the above-mentioned approximate overhang length ΔS, ΔS = Δs + Δs ₁ as shown in FIG. 3, and Δ
Since S> Δs, the cab rear surface 2 of the tractor 20
If the overhang length of 1 is set to be approximately ΔS or equal to or more than ΔS, the above-described rotation by pitching of the tractor 26 can be easily performed.

Therefore, since the variable of the overhang length ΔS is only the vertical connecting angle β, the vertical connecting angle β of the variable is at least the tractor 20 or the trailer 26 shown in FIG. The vertical connection angle detecting means K provided in either one detects the vertical inclination angle β and inputs it to the connected vehicle moving device R. The connected vehicle moving device R is composed of a control device C and a moving means G. When an output signal corresponding to the detected vertical connection angle β from the vertical connection angle detection means K is input, the controller C responds to the movement amount of the trailer 26 by ΔS = h · tan β. When the output signal is input from the control device C that outputs a signal, the connected vehicle moving means R is activated and the trailer 26 is extended by the extension length Δ.
Since only S is retracted to the rear of the vehicle with respect to the tractor 20, the tractor 20 can easily rotate in the vertical direction, and the traveling can be performed smoothly.

Next, the moving means G of the trailer 26 will be described. The means G for moving the trailer 26 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is configured to move the coupler 24 attached to the frame 20 of the tractor 20, and the coupler 24 relative to the chassis frame 22 in the longitudinal direction of the tractor 20. Alternatively, the jaws of the coupler may be configured to move in the front-rear direction with respect to the coupler saddle 34 of the coupler 24, that is, as long as the trailer 26 can move in the front-rear direction,
Although not shown, the same operation and effect can be obtained by any other means.

In the case of this embodiment, for example, the coupler 24 is used.
The case of moving the jaw will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the coupler 24 has a frame 30 fixed to the chassis frame 22 of the tractor 20 with bolts 28, and a pivot shaft 32 of the frame 30 so as to swing vertically. It is composed of a supported coupler saddle 34.

The coupler saddle 34 has inclined ramps 38 which extend rearward at a distance from each other and form a gap 36 therebetween. A jaw base 42 having a crank-shaped cross section of a jaw 40, which will be described later, is disposed in the gap 36 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the tractor 20. A nut member 46 is provided on the hanging portion 44 extending below the jaw base 42.

As shown in FIG. 6, the nut member 46 has a boss portion 48 extending downward from the front end portion of the coupler saddle 34.
The screw shaft 50 that is screwed into
A reversible rotation motor 52 is connected to the end of the.

Although not shown, the reversible rotation motor 52 may be a structure such as a rack and a pinion which is operated by a fluid pressure responsive mechanism or electricity or electromagnetically, and power is transmitted to the drive shaft such as the screw shaft or the pinion shaft. Any driving means M may be used. When the screw shaft 50 is rotated by the operation of the reversible rotation motor 52, the nut member 46 moves on the screw shaft 50 in the front-rear direction of the tractor, so that the jaw base 42 also moves inside the gap 36 of the coupler saddle 34 in the tractor. It is formed so that it can move in the front-back direction.

The pair of jaw pins 54 provided on the upper surface of the jaw base 42 also rotatably support the trailer king pin 55 on the trailer 26 side.
Are arranged. As shown in FIG. 5, the pair of jaws 40 is provided with an elastic member 56 attached to the ends of the jaws 40 for urging the jaw pins 54 in the direction of opening the trailer king pins 55.

As shown in FIG. 5, the pair of jaws 40 are slid in the front-rear direction of the tractor along a pair of guides 58 provided on the jaw base 42, so that the pair of jaws 40 is elastically moved.
A U-shaped yoke 60 is provided which moves the trailing pin 55 of the tractor 26 rotatably while being moved in the closing direction against the biasing force of the tractor 6. or,
A yoke shaft 68 is provided, one end of which is coupled to the yoke 60, and the other end of which is slidably attached to an attachment hole of a flange 64 at the front end of the jaw base 42 by a nut 66 via an elastic member 62.

Further, one end is swingably engaged with the engaging portion 70 of the yoke shaft 68 on the side of the yoke 60, and the other end is swingably supported by a bracket 72 provided on the jaw base 42. The lever 74 is provided with an elastic member 76 for biasing the yoke 60 in a direction to maintain the closed position of the pair of jaws 40.

The coupler saddle 34 is engaged with the frame 22 via the spring 90. Lever 7 above
4 is a stopper provided on the jaw base 42 so that the yoke 60 is rotated clockwise against the biasing force of the elastic member 76 to move the yoke 60 to the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line to maintain the jaw 40 in the open state. It is engaged with 78.

Since the moving means G is constructed as described above, when the trailer 26 is connected to the tractor 20 as shown in FIGS. In order to set a desired distance to the trailer 26, the reversible rotary motor 52 is operated to turn the screw shaft 5
By rotating 0, the jaw base 42 is moved on the screw shaft 50 via the nut 46 to position the jaw 40.

Next, the lever 74 is rotated clockwise against the urging force of the elastic member 76 so that the yoke 60 is engaged with the stopper 78 provided on the jaw base 42 which has been moved to the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line. , The jaw 40 is maintained in the open state, and the tractor 20 is moved in a direction of introducing the trailing pin 55 for connection provided at the lower portion of the front end of the trailer 26.

As described above, when the trailer king pin 55 is introduced into the pair of open jaws 40, the lever 74 is disengaged from the stopper 78, and the solid line is drawn from the position of the chain double-dashed line shown in FIG. When moved to the position, the yoke 60 is also moved to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, and the closed state of the pair of jaws 40 can be maintained, so that the tractor 20 connected to the trailer 26 can be operated.

Since the above embodiment is constructed as described above, when the vertical connecting angle is not generated due to the traveling of the vehicle or the like, the vertical connecting angle detecting means K.
Since there is no output signal from, as shown in FIG.
In order to reduce the air resistance as much as possible by the traveling wind, the clearance between the cab of the tractor 20 and the trailer 26 is adjusted and coupled so that the vehicle travels.

When the vertical connecting angle β is generated due to the traveling of the tractor 20 or the like, the coupler saddle 34 is pitched about the pivot shaft 32, and the tractor 20 is centered on the pivot shaft 32. Rotate. When the tractor 20 rotates, the vertical connection angle detection means K detects the vertical connection β, and when an output signal corresponding to the vertical connection angle β is input to the control device C, ΔS≈h. tan
The movement amount ΔS is output as a control signal by β.

When this control signal is input to the moving means G, in the present embodiment, the reversible rotation motor 52 operates and the screw shaft 50 rotates, so that the jaw base 42 is rotated by the jaw base 42 via the nut member 46. The upper part is retracted in the front-rear direction of the tractor 20 together with the jaw 40 with respect to the coupler saddle 34. Therefore, the trailer 26 is retracted by ΔS, so that the tractor 20 can be smoothly rotated and run.

Further, when the vertical connection angle disappears when the vehicle starts to climb uphill, rides on a convex portion of the road surface, or runs on a rough road, the vertical connection angle detection means K detects the vertical connection angle. The vertical connection angle β is detected, and an output signal corresponding to the detected new vertical connection angle β is input to the control device C, and the signal of the movement amount ΔS controlled by the control device C is moved. When input to the means G, the reversible rotation motor 52 shown in FIG. 5 rotates the screw shaft 50 in the opposite direction to the above, so that the jaw base 42 moves together with the jaw 40 in the front direction of the tractor 20 with respect to the coupler saddle 34. The trailer 26 is advanced to an initially set position where the connection gap is as small as possible.

After that, the tractor 20 to which the trailer 26 is connected can travel while improving traveling efficiency and fuel efficiency. In the present embodiment, the basic structure of the coupler 24 which has been conventionally used is not so changed, and the structure is simple and the cost can be reduced.

[0045]

According to the connecting device for a connected vehicle of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, in a connected vehicle such as a semitrailer or a full trailer connected by a coupler provided on the tractor, the tractor and the connected vehicle are connected. A vertical connection angle detecting means for detecting a vertical connection angle of the vehicle, and a combined vehicle moving device for moving the connected vehicle in the front-rear direction of the tractor with respect to the tractor by a signal from the vertical connection angle detecting means. Therefore, when the vertical connection angle does not occur due to the traveling of the vehicle, the vehicle travels with the coupling gap between the tractor and the coupled vehicle as small as possible, and the vehicle is running while the tractor is traveling. When a vertical connection angle occurs due to running of the vehicle, the coupler saddle causes pitching around the pivot shaft as the center of rotation depending on the road surface condition, and the tractor pivots. Since it rotates about an axis, an output signal corresponding to the vertical connection angle detected by the vertical connection angle detection means is input to the combined vehicle moving device, and the combined vehicle moves to the rear of the tractor. Therefore, the tractor can be easily rotated and run.

Therefore, when the tractor is rotated, the connected vehicle moving device is actuated to retract the connected vehicle due to the size of the vertical connecting angle, so that the tractor can be easily rotated and run. You can do it. When traveling on a straight road, the gap between the tractor and the connected vehicle can be made as small as possible, so that the traveling wind smoothly flows from the front of the tractor to the rear of the tractor. As a result, the running efficiency and fuel efficiency can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting apparatus for connecting vehicles according to the first aspect, wherein the moving apparatus for the connected vehicle is connected by inputting a signal from the connection angle detecting means in the vertical direction. Since the control device for outputting a signal corresponding to the amount of movement of the vehicle and the moving means for moving the connected vehicle in the front-rear direction of the tractor in response to the signal from the control device, the vertical connection angle detecting means are provided. An output signal corresponding to the vertical connection angle from the above is input to the control device, and a further controlled output signal is input to the moving means to accurately move the connected vehicle in the front-back direction of the tractor. it can.

Therefore, since the signal corresponding to the vertical connecting angle is promptly input to the moving means, the connected vehicle can be moved backward properly, and the tractor can be rotated and run. It's easy to do. According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the connecting device for connecting vehicles according to the second aspect, wherein the moving means is configured to move the coupler with respect to the tractor in the front-rear direction of the tractor. Alternatively, since the jaws of the coupler are configured to be movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the coupler saddle of the coupler, the coupler or the jaws of the coupler can be easily moved in the front-rear direction of the tractor. is there.

Therefore, the basic structure of the conventional coupler can be easily formed without making a great change, and the cost can be reduced. According to the connecting device for a connected vehicle of the present invention as set forth in claim 4, in the structure of claim 1 or 2, the vertical connection angle detecting means is mechanical,
Since it is formed of a potentiometer or the like composed of optical, electrical, electromagnetic, etc. sensors, the vertical connection angle can be easily detected.

Therefore, the signal of the vertical connection angle can be promptly transmitted to the connected vehicle moving device. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the connecting device for connecting vehicles according to any one of the first, second and fourth aspects, wherein the vertical connecting angle detected by the vertical connecting angle detecting means is An angle formed by the chassis frame of the tractor about the pivot shaft before and after the tractor or the connected vehicle rotates in the vertical direction, which occurs when the tractor coupler saddle rotates about the pivot shaft. Alternatively, since the angle formed by the upper surface or the lower surface of the connected vehicle is set, it can be detected quickly and easily.

Therefore, since the output signal of the vertical connection angle detected above can be promptly input to the connected vehicle moving device, the connected vehicle can be effectively moved. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combination vehicle connecting device according to any one of the first, second, fourth, and fifth aspects, wherein the connection vehicle moving device is provided with the vertical connection angle detecting means. A control device that outputs a signal corresponding to the movement amount of the connected vehicle by inputting a signal is input, and the vertical connection angle β detected by the vertical connection angle detection means is input and controlled by the control device. Since the signal of the movement amount ΔS of the connected vehicle that is output as described above is configured to be controlled by ΔS≈h · tan β, the signal corresponding to the vertical connection angle detected by the control device is An approximate amount of movement ΔS of the connected vehicle can be easily obtained.

Therefore, since the approximate amount of movement ΔS of the connected vehicle can be obtained from the detected vertical connecting angle β, the connected vehicle can be easily moved. According to the coupling device for a coupled vehicle of the present invention described in claim 7, in the configuration according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 6, the coupler or the coupler of the moving means of the coupled vehicle moving device is used. Since the drive means transmitted to the drive shaft for moving the jaws is formed so as to be operated by the input of the output signal from the controller, the coupler or the jaws of the coupler may be output by the output signal corresponding to the movement amount. Can be easily and precisely moved.

Therefore, the signal corresponding to the detected vertical connection angle β is controlled by the control device and automatically transmitted to the combined vehicle moving device, so that the combined vehicle is traveling even while the tractor is traveling. Can be smoothly moved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a schematic side view showing a tractor in which a trailer is connected, and FIG. 1 (b) is an embodiment in which the connecting device for a connected vehicle according to the present invention is applied to a tractor and a trailer. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the state which advanced the trailer with respect to the said tractor of a).

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state of a rotating position of the tractor cab when the tractor of FIG. 1 rotates in a vertical direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a method of approximately calculating a rotational displacement position of the tractor cab of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the operating circuit of FIG.

5 is a schematic perspective explanatory view showing a moving configuration of a jaw of a coupler of the coupling device of FIG. 1 with respect to the coupler saddle. FIG.

6 is a schematic vertical sectional view taken along the line 6A-6A in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing a coupler structure of a conventional tractor.

8 is a schematic side view showing the right side surface of FIG. 7. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 Tractor 21 Front cab rear surface 21a that has been vertically rotated 21a Rear cab rear surface that has been vertically rotated 22 Chassis frame 23 Upper surface of the front chassis frame that has been vertically rotated 23a Chassis after vertically rotated Upper surface of frame 24 Coupling device (coupler) 26 Trailer (combined vehicle) 28 Bolt 30 Trestle 32 Pivot shaft 34 Coupler saddle 36 Gap 38 Tilt ramp 40 Jaw 42 Jaw base 44 Hanging part 46 Nut member 48 Boss part 50 Screw shaft 52 Reversible rotation Motor 54 Jaw pin 55 King pin 56 Elastic member 58 Guide 60 Yoke 62 Elastic member 64 Flange 66 Nut 68 Yoke shaft 70 Inner hole 72 Bracket 74 Lever 76 Elastic member 90 Spring C Control device G Moving means h Trailer (connected vehicle) height J Jaw moving means K Vertical connection angle detection means M Driving means Y Yoke actuation means β Vertical connection angle Δs Overhang length of tractor cab after tractor rotation ΔS Approximate tension of tractor cab after tractor rotation Length

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A connecting vehicle such as a semi-trailer or a full trailer connected by a coupler provided on a tractor, and a vertical connecting angle detecting means for detecting a vertical connecting angle between the tractor and the connecting vehicle, and the vertical connecting angle detecting means. And a connecting vehicle moving device for moving the connecting vehicle in the front-rear direction of the tractor with respect to the tractor in response to a signal from the direction connecting angle detecting means.
Connecting device for connected vehicles. 2. The connected vehicle moving device outputs a signal corresponding to a moving amount of the connected vehicle when a signal from the up-down direction connecting angle detecting means is input, and the control device outputs the signal. The connecting device for a combined vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a moving unit that moves the combined vehicle in a front-rear direction of the tractor. 3. The moving means is configured to move the coupler with respect to the tractor in the front-rear direction of the tractor, or move the jaws of the coupler in the front-rear direction with respect to the coupler saddle of the coupler. The connecting device for the connected vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the connecting device is configured as described above. 4. The vertical connection angle detecting means is mechanical,
The coupling device for a coupled vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupling device is formed of a potentiometer or the like including optical, electrical, electromagnetic, etc. sensors. 5. The vertical connection angle detected by the vertical connection angle detecting means is generated when the tractor or the connected vehicle is vertically rotated about the coupler saddle pivot shaft of the tractor. The angle formed by the chassis frame of the tractor about the pivot shaft before and after the rotation, or the angle formed by the upper surface or the lower surface of each connected vehicle is set to an angle formed by the chassis frame. 5. The connecting device for a connected vehicle according to any one of 4 and 5. 6. The connecting vehicle moving device has a control device for outputting a signal corresponding to a moving amount of the connecting vehicle in response to a signal input from the vertical connecting angle detecting device, and the vertical connecting angle detecting device. The signal of the movement amount ΔS of the connected vehicle, which is input by inputting the vertical connection angle β detected in step S3 and is output by being controlled by the control device, is controlled by ΔS≈h · tan β. Item 6. A connection device for a connection vehicle according to any one of items 1, 2, 4, and 5. 7. The driving means transmitted to a driving shaft for moving the coupler or the jaws of the coupler of the moving means of the combined vehicle moving apparatus is formed so as to be operated by input of an output signal from the control apparatus. The coupling device for a coupled vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 6, wherein: