JPH09233732A - Charge method of secondary battery, and equipment - Google Patents

Charge method of secondary battery, and equipment

Info

Publication number
JPH09233732A
JPH09233732A JP8042639A JP4263996A JPH09233732A JP H09233732 A JPH09233732 A JP H09233732A JP 8042639 A JP8042639 A JP 8042639A JP 4263996 A JP4263996 A JP 4263996A JP H09233732 A JPH09233732 A JP H09233732A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
voltage
charging
secondary battery
temperature
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8042639A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshiharu Kuniga
俊治 國賀
Noriyuki Suehiro
典之 末廣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP8042639A priority Critical patent/JPH09233732A/en
Publication of JPH09233732A publication Critical patent/JPH09233732A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent overcharge of a battery with a simple circuit, when the environmental temperature is very low. SOLUTION: A set voltage for charging a secondary battery 2 at a constant voltage is compensated with temperature. When the set voltage for constant voltage charge at a low temperature is compensated to be high, a voltage limiting element 14 is connected with a temperature sensor 12 for detecting the environmental temperature of the secondary battery 2. The voltage limiting element 14 restricts that a voltage generated between both ends of the temperature sensor 12 becomes higher than the maximum set voltage.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、リチウムイオン二
次電池、ニッケル−カドミウム電池、ニッケル−水素電
池等の二次電池を充電する方法と、この方法に使用する
充電装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for charging a secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, and a charging device used for this method.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】ニッケル−カドミウム電池とニッケル−
水素電池は、定電流充電して満充電できる。この種の電
池は、定電流充電すると、電池電圧がピーク電圧まで上
昇した後、ΔV低下するので、電池電圧のピーク値やΔ
V低下を検出して満充電できる。ただ、リチウムイオン
二次電池は、充電するにしたがって電池電圧が高くな
る。この電池は、満充電されても電池電圧が低下する性
質はないので、ニッケル−カドミウム電池のように、電
池電圧がΔV低下することを検出して満充電を検出でき
ない。さらに、リチウムイオン二次電池は、過充電され
て電池電圧が異常に高くなると、電池性能が著しく低下
する弊害がある。このため、リチウムイオン二次電池
は、定電流充電して満充電できず、定電圧充電して満充
電している。
2. Description of the Related Art Nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-
Hydrogen batteries can be fully charged by constant current charging. When this type of battery is charged with constant current, the battery voltage rises to the peak voltage and then decreases by ΔV.
Fully charged by detecting V drop. However, the lithium-ion secondary battery has a higher battery voltage as it is charged. Since this battery does not have the property of lowering the battery voltage even when it is fully charged, it cannot detect the decrease of the battery voltage by ΔV like a nickel-cadmium battery and cannot detect the full charge. Further, the lithium-ion secondary battery has an adverse effect that the battery performance is significantly deteriorated when the battery voltage is abnormally increased due to overcharge. Therefore, the lithium-ion secondary battery cannot be fully charged by constant current charging, but is fully charged by constant voltage charging.

【0003】以上のように、ニッケル−カドミウム電池
とニッケル−水素電池は、定電流充電して満充電し、リ
チウムイオン二次電池は定電圧充電して満充電する。し
たがって、定電流充電するニッケル−カドミウム電池の
充電方法では、リチウムイオン二次電池を充電できな
い。充電する電圧の最高値と、充電する電流の最大値と
を制限して電池を充電する、定電流−定電圧充電による
充電方法は、ニッケル−カドミウム電池とリチウムイオ
ン二次電池の両方を満充電できる。ただ、ニッケル−カ
ドミウム電池とリチウムイオン二次電池は、電池電圧が
相当に違うので、たとえば、3個のニッケル−カドミウ
ム電池を直列に接続したパック電池と、1個のリチウム
イオン二次電池とを同じ設定電圧で充電する必要があ
る。
As described above, the nickel-cadmium battery and the nickel-hydrogen battery are charged with constant current to be fully charged, and the lithium-ion secondary battery is charged with constant voltage to be fully charged. Therefore, the lithium-ion secondary battery cannot be charged by the nickel-cadmium battery charging method in which constant current charging is performed. The charging method by constant current-constant voltage charging, which charges the battery by limiting the maximum value of the voltage to be charged and the maximum value of the current to be charged, fully charges both nickel-cadmium battery and lithium-ion secondary battery. it can. However, since the nickel-cadmium battery and the lithium-ion secondary battery have considerably different battery voltages, for example, a pack battery in which three nickel-cadmium batteries are connected in series and one lithium-ion secondary battery are connected. Must be charged at the same set voltage.

【0004】電池を定電流−定電圧充電する装置が、実
開平5−60146号公報に記載される。さらに、この
公報に記載される充電装置は、定電圧充電する設定電圧
を温度補償している。電池は温度が低いときに内部抵抗
が大きくなる。大きい内部抵抗に起因する電圧降下を補
償するために、低温度の電池は、設定電圧を高くして定
電圧充電している。この充電装置で電池を充電すると、
図1に示すように電圧と電流カーブが変化する。この図
に示す充電装置は、50℃で定電圧充電する設定電圧を
4.2Vに設定し、0℃の設定電圧は4.4Vに設定し
て0.2V高くしている。0℃の電池は、50℃の電池
に比較して内部抵抗が大きいので、図に示すように、設
定電圧を高くすると、定電流充電する時間を長くでき
る。このため、低温度の電池を定電流充電する時間を長
くして、満充電になるまでの時間を短くできる。
An apparatus for charging a battery with a constant current and a constant voltage is described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-60146. Further, the charging device described in this publication temperature-compensates a set voltage for constant voltage charging. The internal resistance of the battery increases when the temperature is low. In order to compensate for the voltage drop due to the large internal resistance, low temperature batteries are charged at a constant voltage with a high set voltage. When you charge the battery with this charger,
The voltage and current curves change as shown in FIG. In the charging device shown in this figure, the set voltage for constant voltage charging at 50 ° C. is set to 4.2 V, and the set voltage at 0 ° C. is set to 4.4 V, which is 0.2 V higher. Since the battery at 0 ° C. has a larger internal resistance than the battery at 50 ° C., the constant current charging time can be extended by increasing the set voltage as shown in the figure. Therefore, it is possible to lengthen the time for charging the low temperature battery with constant current and shorten the time until the battery is fully charged.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】温度補償して二次電池
を定電圧充電する装置は、図2に示すように、周囲温度
が低くなるにしたがって、設定電圧を高く設定してい
る。温度が低くなると、電池の内部抵抗が大きくなるか
らである。ところが、温度補償して二次電池を充電する
方法では、周囲温度が極めて低いときに設定電圧を高く
して充電すると、充電電流が集束しなくなる弊害が発生
する。本発明は極めて簡単な回路によって、この弊害を
解消することを目的に開発されたものである。
As shown in FIG. 2, the device for charging the secondary battery with a constant voltage by temperature compensation sets the set voltage higher as the ambient temperature lowers. This is because the internal resistance of the battery increases as the temperature decreases. However, in the method of charging the secondary battery with temperature compensation, if the set voltage is increased and charging is performed when the ambient temperature is extremely low, the charging current does not converge. The present invention was developed for the purpose of eliminating this adverse effect with an extremely simple circuit.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の充電装置は、二
次電池2を定電圧充電する設定電圧を温度補償し、温度
が低い時に定電圧充電する設定電圧を高く補償して二次
電池2を充電する。さらに、本発明の請求項1に記載さ
れる充電装置は、二次電池2の周囲温度を検出する温度
センサー12に電圧制限素子14を接続している。この
電圧制限素子14は、温度センサー12の両端に発生す
る電圧が最大設定電圧よりも高くなるのを制限する。電
圧制限素子14には、たとえば、ツェナーダイオードが
使用される。電圧制限素子14は、温度が低い特定の領
域においては、定電圧充電する設定電圧を最大設定電圧
に制限する。このため、本発明の装置は、極めて周囲温
度が低い時に、設定電圧が異常に高くなるのを制限し
て、二次電池2を充電できる。
The charging device of the present invention temperature-compensates the set voltage for charging the secondary battery 2 at a constant voltage, and compensates the set voltage for constant-voltage charging at a low temperature to a high value to compensate the secondary battery. Charge 2 Further, in the charging device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the voltage limiting element 14 is connected to the temperature sensor 12 that detects the ambient temperature of the secondary battery 2. The voltage limiting element 14 limits the voltage generated across the temperature sensor 12 from becoming higher than the maximum set voltage. For the voltage limiting element 14, for example, a Zener diode is used. The voltage limiting element 14 limits the set voltage for constant voltage charging to the maximum set voltage in a specific region where the temperature is low. Therefore, the device of the present invention can charge the secondary battery 2 by limiting the abnormally high set voltage when the ambient temperature is extremely low.

【0007】さらにまた、本発明の請求項2に記載され
る充電方法は、二次電池2を定電圧充電する設定電圧を
温度補償し、温度が低い時に定電圧充電する設定電圧を
高く補償する二次電池の充電方法を改良したものであ
る。二次電池の充電方法は、二次電池2を定電圧充電す
る設定電圧を、温度を関数として、温度によって電圧値
が特定される温度関数としている。この温度関数を、温
度が低くなると設定電圧が高くなり、温度の低い特定の
領域においては、最大設定電圧に制限する特性として二
次電池2を充電している。
Further, in the charging method according to the second aspect of the present invention, the set voltage for charging the secondary battery 2 with a constant voltage is temperature-compensated, and the set voltage for constant voltage charging is compensated with high when the temperature is low. This is an improved method of charging a secondary battery. In the method of charging the secondary battery, the set voltage for charging the secondary battery 2 at a constant voltage is a temperature function whose temperature is a function and whose voltage value is specified by the temperature. The secondary battery 2 is charged as a characteristic of limiting the temperature function to the maximum set voltage in a specific region where the set voltage becomes higher as the temperature becomes lower and the temperature becomes lower.

【0008】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施の形態
は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するための二次電池の充
電方法および装置を例示するものであって、本発明は充
電方法および装置を下記の回路に特定しない。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below exemplify a charging method and device for a secondary battery for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention specifies the charging method and device in the following circuits. do not do.

【0009】さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲を
理解しやすいように、実施の形態に示される部材に対応
する番号を、「特許請求の範囲の欄」、および「課題を
解決するための手段の欄」に示される部材に付記してい
る。ただ、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施の形
態の部材に特定するものでは決してない。
Further, in this specification, for easier understanding of the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as "claims column" and "to solve the problems." It is added to the members shown in the column of "means". However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

【0010】図3は、リチウムイオン二次電池を充電す
る装置の回路図を示す。この図の充電回路は、入力され
る商用電源を、二次電池2を充電する直流に変換する電
源1と、この電源1と二次電池2の間に接続されて、二
次電池2の充電電流と充電電圧を制御する充電制御回路
3と、この充電制御回路3を制御して、二次電池2を充
電する最大電流を制限する定電流制御回路4と、この定
電流制御回路4に二次電池2の充電電流を入力する電流
検出抵抗5と、充電制御回路3を制御して、二次電池2
を充電する最大電圧を制限する定電圧制御回路6を備え
る。
FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of an apparatus for charging a lithium ion secondary battery. The charging circuit of this figure is connected between a power source 1 for converting an input commercial power source into a direct current for charging the secondary battery 2 and between the power source 1 and the secondary battery 2 to charge the secondary battery 2. A charging control circuit 3 for controlling the current and the charging voltage, a constant current control circuit 4 for controlling the charging control circuit 3 to limit the maximum current for charging the secondary battery 2, and a constant current control circuit 4 for controlling the charging current. The secondary battery 2 is controlled by controlling the current detection resistor 5 for inputting the charging current of the secondary battery 2 and the charge control circuit 3.
A constant voltage control circuit 6 for limiting the maximum voltage for charging the battery is provided.

【0011】電源1は、入力される交流を整流して直流
に変換するダイオードブリッジと、このダイオードブリ
ッジの出力を平滑にする電解コンデンサの平滑回路とを
備える。電源1は、入力される交流を直流に変換して、
変換された直流をさらに交流に変換して降圧し、降圧さ
れた交流を直流に変換するDC−DCコンバータも使用
できる。
The power supply 1 is provided with a diode bridge for rectifying an input alternating current and converting it into a direct current, and a smoothing circuit of an electrolytic capacitor for smoothing an output of the diode bridge. The power supply 1 converts the input alternating current into direct current,
It is also possible to use a DC-DC converter that further converts the converted direct current into alternating current to step down it, and converts the stepped down alternating current into direct current.

【0012】充電制御回路3は、半導体制御素子7とコ
ントロール回路8とを内蔵する。コントロール回路8
は、半導体制御素子7の内部抵抗を調整して出力電圧と
出力電流を制御する。半導体制御素子7には、トランジ
スターやFET等が使用できる。コントロール回路8
は、定電流制御回路4と定電圧制御回路6から入力され
る信号で、半導体制御素子7の内部抵抗を制御する。
The charge control circuit 3 contains a semiconductor control element 7 and a control circuit 8. Control circuit 8
Controls the output voltage and the output current by adjusting the internal resistance of the semiconductor control element 7. The semiconductor control element 7 may be a transistor or FET. Control circuit 8
Is a signal input from the constant current control circuit 4 and the constant voltage control circuit 6 to control the internal resistance of the semiconductor control element 7.

【0013】電流検出抵抗5は、二次電池2と直列に接
続されて、二次電池2の充電電流に比例した電圧降下を
発生させる。電流検出抵抗5の電圧降下は、定電流制御
回路4に入力される。定電流制御回路4は、電流検出抵
抗5の電圧が一定電圧よりも高くならないように、いい
かえると、二次電池2の充電電流が一定電流を超えない
ように、充電制御回路3を制御して、二次電池2を定電
流充電する。
The current detection resistor 5 is connected in series with the secondary battery 2 and generates a voltage drop proportional to the charging current of the secondary battery 2. The voltage drop of the current detection resistor 5 is input to the constant current control circuit 4. The constant current control circuit 4 controls the charging control circuit 3 so that the voltage of the current detection resistor 5 does not become higher than a constant voltage, in other words, the charging current of the secondary battery 2 does not exceed a constant current. , The secondary battery 2 is charged with a constant current.

【0014】定電圧制御回路6は、充電される電池電圧
を基準電圧に比較して、充電制御回路3を制御し、二次
電池2を充電する電圧が設定電圧を超えないように制御
する。定電圧制御回路6は、入力される電池電圧が設定
電圧よりも高くなると、充電制御回路3の半導体制御素
子7の内部抵抗が大きくなるように制御して、電池電圧
が設定電圧よりも高くならないように制御する。
The constant voltage control circuit 6 compares the battery voltage to be charged with the reference voltage and controls the charging control circuit 3 so that the voltage for charging the secondary battery 2 does not exceed the set voltage. When the input battery voltage becomes higher than the set voltage, the constant voltage control circuit 6 controls so that the internal resistance of the semiconductor control element 7 of the charging control circuit 3 becomes large, so that the battery voltage does not become higher than the set voltage. To control.

【0015】定電圧制御回路6は、電圧制御IC9と温
度補償回路10を備えている。電圧制御IC9は、電池
電圧が入力される電源端子9aと、温度補償回路10に
接続される温度補償端子9bと、充電制御回路3に接続
される出力端子9cと、−側に接続される−端子9dと
を備える。電圧制御IC9には、たとえば、LM342
0−4.2が使用される。電圧制御IC9は、基準電圧
を内蔵している。電源端子9aに入力される電池電圧
を、内蔵する基準電圧に比較し、電池電圧が設定電圧よ
りも高くなると、充電制御回路3を制御して二次電池2
の電圧を設定電圧に制御する。
The constant voltage control circuit 6 includes a voltage control IC 9 and a temperature compensation circuit 10. The voltage control IC 9 is connected to the power supply terminal 9a to which the battery voltage is input, the temperature compensation terminal 9b connected to the temperature compensation circuit 10, the output terminal 9c connected to the charging control circuit 3, and the − side. And a terminal 9d. The voltage control IC 9 includes, for example, LM342.
0-4.2 is used. The voltage control IC 9 has a built-in reference voltage. The battery voltage input to the power supply terminal 9a is compared with the built-in reference voltage, and when the battery voltage becomes higher than the set voltage, the charge control circuit 3 is controlled to control the secondary battery 2
The voltage of is controlled to the set voltage.

【0016】電圧制御IC9は、温度補償端子9bとア
ース間に接続される抵抗値が大きくなって、温度補償端
子9bの電圧が高くなると、設定電圧を高く温度補償す
る。温度補償端子9bとアース間には、調整抵抗11と
温度センサー12を直列に接続している。温度補償端子
9bと電源端子9aの間にも、調整抵抗13を接続して
いる。温度センサー12は、電池の周囲温度を検出す
る。温度センサー12は、周囲温度が低くなると抵抗の
大きくなるサーミスターである。温度補償端子9bに接
続されたサーミスターは、周囲温度が低くなると抵抗値
が大きくなって、電圧制御IC9の設定電圧を高く温度
補償できる。
When the resistance value connected between the temperature compensation terminal 9b and the ground becomes large and the voltage at the temperature compensation terminal 9b becomes high, the voltage control IC 9 compensates the set voltage at a high temperature. An adjusting resistor 11 and a temperature sensor 12 are connected in series between the temperature compensating terminal 9b and the ground. The adjustment resistor 13 is also connected between the temperature compensation terminal 9b and the power supply terminal 9a. The temperature sensor 12 detects the ambient temperature of the battery. The temperature sensor 12 is a thermistor whose resistance increases as the ambient temperature decreases. The resistance value of the thermistor connected to the temperature compensating terminal 9b increases as the ambient temperature decreases, and the set voltage of the voltage control IC 9 can be compensated for the temperature.

【0017】さらに、図3に示す充電回路は、温度補償
端子9bとアース間に、電圧制限素子14を接続してい
る。電圧制限素子14は、ツェナーダイオードである。
ツェナーダイオードは、温度補償端子9bの電圧が、ツ
ェナー電圧よりも高くなるのを阻止して、設定電圧を最
大設定電圧以下に制限する。電圧制限素子14は、図4
に示すように、周囲温度が非常に低くなったときに、設
定電圧が鎖線で示すように上昇しようとするのを、実線
で示すような最大設定電圧に制限する。温度補償端子9
bの電圧を一定に制限するからである。
Further, in the charging circuit shown in FIG. 3, the voltage limiting element 14 is connected between the temperature compensating terminal 9b and the ground. The voltage limiting element 14 is a Zener diode.
The Zener diode prevents the voltage of the temperature compensation terminal 9b from becoming higher than the Zener voltage and limits the set voltage to the maximum set voltage or less. The voltage limiting element 14 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (3), when the ambient temperature becomes very low, the attempt to raise the set voltage as shown by the chain line is limited to the maximum set voltage as shown by the solid line. Temperature compensation terminal 9
This is because the voltage of b is limited to a constant value.

【0018】図3に示す電圧制御IC9は、温度センサ
ー12にサーミスターを、電圧制限素子14にツェナー
ダイオードを使用する。本発明の充電方法および装置
は、温度センサー12をサーミスターに特定しない。温
度センサー12には、周囲の温度で抵抗値が変化する全
ての素子を使用できる。サーミスターのように、温度が
低くなると抵抗値が大きくなる素子は、図3に示すよう
に、電圧制御IC9の温度補償端子9bとアース間に接
続する。反対に、温度が低くなると抵抗値が小さくなる
素子は、温度補償端子9bと電源端子9a間に接続す
る。さらに、電圧制限素子14には、ツェナーダイオー
ドに替わって電圧を一定値に制御できる全ての素子や電
子回路が使用できる。
The voltage control IC 9 shown in FIG. 3 uses a thermistor for the temperature sensor 12 and a zener diode for the voltage limiting element 14. The charging method and device of the present invention do not specify the temperature sensor 12 as a thermistor. As the temperature sensor 12, all elements whose resistance value changes with the ambient temperature can be used. As shown in FIG. 3, an element such as a thermistor whose resistance value increases as the temperature lowers is connected between the temperature compensation terminal 9b of the voltage control IC 9 and the ground. On the contrary, the element whose resistance value becomes smaller as the temperature becomes lower is connected between the temperature compensation terminal 9b and the power supply terminal 9a. Further, as the voltage limiting element 14, all elements or electronic circuits that can control the voltage to a constant value can be used instead of the Zener diode.

【0019】図3の充電回路でリチウムイオン二次電池
を充電する電圧、電流特性を図5に示す。この図は、リ
チウムイオン二次電池の充電特性を示しているが、本発
明の充電方法および装置は、充電する二次電池2をリチ
ウムイオン二次電池に特定しない。たとえば、ニッケル
−カドミウム電池やニッケル−水素電池等の二次電池も
同じようにして充電できる。ただ、ニッケル−カドミウ
ム電池とニッケル−水素電池は、電圧が低いので、3個
の電池を直列に接続したパック電池とする。二次電池を
定電流−定電圧充電する条件は、充電する二次電池のタ
イプ、直列接続数、容量等によって最適値に設定する。
FIG. 5 shows the voltage / current characteristics for charging the lithium ion secondary battery with the charging circuit of FIG. Although this figure shows the charging characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery, the charging method and device of the present invention do not specify the secondary battery 2 to be charged as the lithium ion secondary battery. For example, a secondary battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery can be charged in the same manner. However, since the nickel-cadmium battery and the nickel-hydrogen battery have low voltage, the battery pack is made by connecting three batteries in series. The conditions for constant current-constant voltage charging of the secondary battery are set to optimum values depending on the type of secondary battery to be charged, the number of series connections, the capacity, and the like.

【0020】リチウムイオン二次電池は、図5に示すよ
うに、充電電流と充電電圧の最大値を制限する充電方
法、すなわち、定電流−定電圧充電して満充電される。
定電流−定電圧充電される二次電池は、周囲の温度によ
って設定電圧が変更される。周囲の温度が低いときの設
定電圧は、周囲の温度が高いときの設定電圧よりも高く
設定される。温度が低いときに設定電圧を高くするの
は、温度の低い環境で充電される二次電池は、内部抵抗
が大きく、内部抵抗に起因する電圧降下が大きいからで
ある。
As shown in FIG. 5, the lithium ion secondary battery is fully charged by a charging method that limits the maximum values of the charging current and the charging voltage, that is, constant current-constant voltage charging.
The set voltage of the secondary battery charged by constant current-constant voltage is changed depending on the ambient temperature. The set voltage when the ambient temperature is low is set higher than the set voltage when the ambient temperature is high. The reason why the set voltage is increased when the temperature is low is that the secondary battery charged in an environment with a low temperature has a large internal resistance and a large voltage drop due to the internal resistance.

【0021】図5と図4は、温度補償された設定電圧を
下記の電圧に設定している。 −0℃以下……4.4V 0℃……4.4V 25℃……4.3V 50℃……4.2V
5 and 4, the temperature-compensated set voltage is set to the following voltage. −0 ° C or less …… 4.4V 0 ° C …… 4.4V 25 ° C …… 4.3V 50 ° C …… 4.2V

【0022】設定電圧は、高く設定すると二次電池に充
電できる容量を大きくしてエネルギー容量を増大でき
る。ただ、設定電圧が高すぎると、電池性能を低下させ
る。このため、設定電圧は、電池のタイプ、容量、使用
環境等を考慮して、最適値に調整される。
When the set voltage is set high, the capacity capable of charging the secondary battery is increased to increase the energy capacity. However, if the set voltage is too high, the battery performance will be degraded. Therefore, the set voltage is adjusted to an optimum value in consideration of the battery type, capacity, usage environment and the like.

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】本発明の二次電池の充電方法および装置
は、極めて簡単な回路で、電池の周囲温度が極めて低い
ときに電池が過充電されるのを有効に防止できる特長が
ある。それは、本発明の充電方法および装置が、温度を
検出する温度センサーに電圧制限素子を接続し、この電
圧制限素子で、温度の低い領域における設定電圧の最大
設定電圧を制限して充電するからである。すなわち、本
発明の充電方法および装置は、極めて安価なツェナーダ
イオード等の電圧制限素子を使用して、二次電池を過充
電することなく安全に充電できる特長がある。
The rechargeable battery charging method and device of the present invention have the advantage of being able to effectively prevent the battery from being overcharged when the ambient temperature of the battery is extremely low, with an extremely simple circuit. This is because the charging method and device of the present invention connect a voltage limiting element to a temperature sensor that detects temperature, and the voltage limiting element limits the maximum set voltage of the set voltage in a low temperature region for charging. is there. That is, the charging method and device of the present invention have the feature that a secondary battery can be safely charged without overcharging, by using an extremely inexpensive voltage limiting element such as a Zener diode.

【0024】さらに、本発明の充電方法および装置は、
温度センサーに電圧制限素子を接続して、設定電圧を最
大設定電圧よりも低く制限しているので、たとえば、温
度センサーが接触不良を起こしたとしても、設定電圧が
異常に上昇することはない特長も実現される。
Further, the charging method and device of the present invention are
Since the voltage limiter is connected to the temperature sensor to limit the set voltage to a value lower than the maximum set voltage, the set voltage will not rise abnormally even if the temperature sensor causes a contact failure, for example. Is also realized.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】従来の充電装置で二次電池を充電するときの電
圧電流特性を示すグラフ
FIG. 1 is a graph showing voltage-current characteristics when a secondary battery is charged by a conventional charging device.

【図2】従来の充電装置で二次電池を定電圧充電すると
きの周囲温度と設定電圧の関係を示すグラフ
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between an ambient temperature and a set voltage when a secondary battery is charged at a constant voltage with a conventional charging device.

【図3】本発明の一実施の形態を示す充電装置の回路図FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a charging device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図4】本発明の充電装置で二次電池を充電するときの
周囲温度と設定電圧の関係を示すグラフ
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between an ambient temperature and a set voltage when a secondary battery is charged by the charging device of the present invention.

【図5】本発明の充電装置で二次電池を充電するときの
電圧電流特性を示すグラフ
FIG. 5 is a graph showing voltage-current characteristics when a secondary battery is charged by the charging device of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1…電源 2…二次電池 3…充電制御回路 4…定電流制御回路 5…電流検出抵抗 6…定電圧制御回路 7…半導体制御素子 8…コントロール回路 9…電圧制御IC 9a…電源端子 9b…温度補償端子 9c…出力端子 9d…−端子 10…温度補償回路 11…調整抵抗 12…温度センサー 13…調整抵抗 14…電圧制限素子 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power supply 2 ... Secondary battery 3 ... Charge control circuit 4 ... Constant current control circuit 5 ... Current detection resistor 6 ... Constant voltage control circuit 7 ... Semiconductor control element 8 ... Control circuit 9 ... Voltage control IC 9a ... Power supply terminal 9b ... Temperature compensation terminal 9c ... Output terminal 9d ...- Terminal 10 ... Temperature compensation circuit 11 ... Adjusting resistor 12 ... Temperature sensor 13 ... Adjusting resistor 14 ... Voltage limiting element

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 二次電池(2)を定電圧充電する設定電圧
を温度補償し、温度が低い時に定電圧充電する設定電圧
を高く補償して二次電池(2)を充電する二次電池の充電
装置において、 二次電池(2)の周囲温度を検出する温度センサー(12)に
電圧制限素子(14)を接続し、この電圧制限素子(14)で、
温度の低い特定の領域においては、定電圧充電する設定
電圧を最大設定電圧に制限して充電するように構成され
てなることを特徴とする二次電池の充電装置。
1. A secondary battery for charging the secondary battery (2) by temperature compensating a set voltage for charging the secondary battery (2) with a constant voltage, and compensating a set voltage for constant voltage charging to a high value when the temperature is low. In the charging device of, the voltage limiting element (14) is connected to the temperature sensor (12) that detects the ambient temperature of the secondary battery (2), and with this voltage limiting element (14),
A charging device for a secondary battery, which is configured to charge a battery by limiting a set voltage for constant voltage charging to a maximum set voltage in a specific region where the temperature is low.
【請求項2】 二次電池(2)を定電圧充電する設定電圧
を温度補償し、温度が低い時に定電圧充電する設定電圧
を高く補償する二次電池の充電方法において、 二次電池(2)を定電圧充電する設定電圧を、温度を関数
として電圧値が特定される温度関数とし、この温度関数
を、温度が低くなると設定電圧が高くなり、温度の低い
特定の領域においては、最大設定電圧に制限する特性と
して二次電池(2)を充電することを特徴とする二次電池
の充電方法。
2. A method of charging a secondary battery, wherein a set voltage for charging a secondary battery (2) with a constant voltage is temperature-compensated, and a set voltage for charging a constant voltage when a temperature is low is highly compensated. ) Is a set voltage for constant voltage charging, and a temperature function whose voltage value is specified as a function of temperature.This temperature function increases the set voltage when the temperature is low, and sets the maximum setting in a specific region where the temperature is low. A secondary battery charging method characterized in that a secondary battery (2) is charged as a characteristic of limiting the voltage.
JP8042639A 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Charge method of secondary battery, and equipment Pending JPH09233732A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8042639A JPH09233732A (en) 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Charge method of secondary battery, and equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8042639A JPH09233732A (en) 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Charge method of secondary battery, and equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09233732A true JPH09233732A (en) 1997-09-05

Family

ID=12641592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8042639A Pending JPH09233732A (en) 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Charge method of secondary battery, and equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09233732A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100433447C (en) * 2004-09-24 2008-11-12 株式会社东芝 Storage battery system,regeneration storage battery system and automobile
JP2008283853A (en) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-20 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method for charging battery of autonomic system
JP2010016944A (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-21 Panasonic Corp Charging voltage control method, battery charger using the same, overcharge protection method, and battery pack using the same
JP2010193629A (en) * 2009-02-18 2010-09-02 Nikon Corp Charge control apparatus and camera
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US8947055B2 (en) 2010-09-27 2015-02-03 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Battery control system
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JPWO2013008397A1 (en) * 2011-07-08 2015-02-23 Necエナジーデバイス株式会社 Battery pack, charging control system, and charging method
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