JPH09231801A - Luminous decoration device by using two liquid type fluorescent liquid - Google Patents

Luminous decoration device by using two liquid type fluorescent liquid

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Publication number
JPH09231801A
JPH09231801A JP5681796A JP5681796A JPH09231801A JP H09231801 A JPH09231801 A JP H09231801A JP 5681796 A JP5681796 A JP 5681796A JP 5681796 A JP5681796 A JP 5681796A JP H09231801 A JPH09231801 A JP H09231801A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fluorescent liquid
fluorescent
liquid
liquid container
decoration device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5681796A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masato Jin
正人 神
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JIYAMU KK
Original Assignee
JIYAMU KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JIYAMU KK filed Critical JIYAMU KK
Priority to JP5681796A priority Critical patent/JPH09231801A/en
Publication of JPH09231801A publication Critical patent/JPH09231801A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dynamic fantastic luminous decoration device by using a two liquid fluorescent liquid having relatively strong luminescent force. SOLUTION: A decoration device consists of a fluorescent liquid container 1 in which an oxidizing solution 1a containing an oxidizing agent and a fluorescent liquid 1b containing a fluorescent material are separately sealed, a pressing means for pressing the fluorescent liquid container 1 with air expanded by a combustion unit 2c, and a decoration part 3 in which a hollow tube 3a is put closer to the bottom of the fluorescent liquid container 1 and a molding body 3b formed with a hollow translucent material is arranged at the tip of the hollow tube 3a. A process for forming the molding body imitating a petal or the like comes up on the surface in the luminous state by the flow of the fluorescent liquid.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、酸化液と蛍光液と
を混合させて比較的強い蛍光を発する発光物質を用い
て、結婚式の披露宴、誕生祝、室内飾等に応用できる発
光装飾装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses a luminescent material that emits a relatively strong fluorescence by mixing an oxidizing solution and a fluorescent solution, and can be applied to wedding receptions, birthday celebrations, interior decorations, etc. Regarding

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】蛍光液と酸化液を混合させて蛍光を発す
る液体は、比較的発光力が強く、その性質を利用して、
輪、ペンライト等に応用された例は公知である。一方、
結婚式の披露宴において、キャンドルサ−ビスが行われ
るが、マンネリ化の傾向にあり、こらに替る斬新な企画
が求められている。
2. Description of the Related Art A liquid that emits fluorescence by mixing a fluorescent liquid and an oxidizing liquid has a relatively strong luminous power, and its property is utilized to
Examples applied to wheels, penlights, etc. are known. on the other hand,
Candle services are held at wedding receptions, but there is a tendency toward rut, and innovative plans to replace them are required.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで本発明は、上記
2液性蛍光液体が、比較的粘性の低い液体であること及
び発光力の強いこと等を利用して、動的効果を有する幻
想的発光装飾装置を開発しようとするものである。
Therefore, the present invention utilizes the fact that the above-mentioned two-liquid fluorescent liquid is a liquid having a relatively low viscosity and has a strong luminous power, and the like, and thus has a fantastic effect having a dynamic effect. It is intended to develop a luminous decoration device.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明装置は、(a)酸
化剤を含んだ酸化液と蛍光物質を含んだ蛍光液とを区分
けして封入した蛍光液容器と、(b)該蛍光液容器内を
加圧する手段と、(c)該蛍光液容器の底部に中空管を
臨ませると共に該中空管の先に中空状の透光性素材で形
成した造形体を配した装飾部とで構成される。該蛍光液
容器の加熱手段には、燃焼による膨張空気で蛍光液容器
を加圧する手段と、圧搾空気で蛍光液容器を加圧する手
段と、蛍光液容器の上部を吸湿により発熱化学反応する
物質で加温する手段とがある。
The apparatus of the present invention comprises (a) a fluorescent liquid container in which an oxidizing liquid containing an oxidizing agent and a fluorescent liquid containing a fluorescent substance are separately sealed, and (b) the fluorescent liquid. A means for pressurizing the inside of the container, and (c) a decorative part in which a hollow tube is made to face the bottom of the fluorescent liquid container and a shaped body formed of a hollow translucent material is arranged at the end of the hollow tube. Composed of. The heating means of the fluorescent liquid container includes a means for pressurizing the fluorescent liquid container with expanded air by combustion, a means for pressurizing the fluorescent liquid container with compressed air, and a substance which causes an exothermic chemical reaction by absorbing moisture on the upper portion of the fluorescent liquid container. There is a means of heating.

【0005】該加圧手段によって蛍光液容器内の圧力を
高めると、その圧力が一定値を超えたところで隔膜を破
壊し、酸化液と蛍光液とが混合し、発光を開始する。更
に、加圧手段による加圧を続けると、混合液が容器底部
に臨んだ中空管内を上昇し始め、上端に達すると造形体
の中空管に侵入し、遂には造形体の隅々に至る。その流
動の過程は、消灯した会場の暗闇の中で蛍光液と酸化液
との混合液の発光によって光りの流動として捉えられ、
且つ、花弁等を模した造形体の形が暗闇の中で浮き上が
り、蛍光の独特の光と相まって、幻想的な雰囲気を醸し
出す。
When the pressure in the fluorescent liquid container is increased by the pressurizing means, the diaphragm is broken when the pressure exceeds a certain value, the oxidizing liquid and the fluorescent liquid are mixed, and light emission is started. Further, when the pressurization by the pressurizing means is continued, the mixed liquid starts to rise in the hollow tube facing the bottom of the container, and when reaching the upper end, enters the hollow tube of the shaped body and finally reaches all the corners of the shaped body. . The flow process is captured as the flow of light due to the emission of the mixed liquid of the fluorescent liquid and the oxidizing liquid in the darkness of the venue where the lights were turned off.
In addition, the shape of the sculpture imitating petals rises up in the darkness, and combined with the unique light of fluorescence, creates a fantastic atmosphere.

【0006】[0006]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の装飾装置は、蛍光液容器
1と、該容器を加圧する加圧手段2と、花弁等の装飾物
を模した造形体を配した装飾部3とから成る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The decoration device of the present invention comprises a fluorescent liquid container 1, a pressurizing means 2 for pressurizing the container, and a decoration portion 3 on which a modeled object such as a petal is arranged. .

【0007】蛍光液容器1は、酸化液層1aと蛍光液層
1bとに区画した二重構造に形成し、該酸化液層1aに
は過酸化水素等の酸化剤と触媒及びt−ブタノ−ル等の
溶媒を混合させて調製した酸化液を封入する。一方、蛍
光液層1bには、蛍光物質と、上記過酸化水素等の酸化
剤によって酸化された前記蛍光物質に化学エネルギ−を
与えるシュウ酸エステルのような酸化剤及びこれにブタ
ル酸ジメチル等の溶媒を混合させて調製した蛍光液を封
入する。該酸化液層1aと蛍光液層1bとの境界は、後
述の簡単な加圧手段で膜が破壊して両液が混合可能とす
べく、例えば非常に薄いガラス等の隔膜1cを配する。
尚、1eは、強制的に隔膜1cを破壊するためのピンで
ある。
The fluorescent liquid container 1 is formed in a double structure divided into an oxidizing liquid layer 1a and a fluorescent liquid layer 1b, and the oxidizing liquid layer 1a has an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, a catalyst, and t-butano-. Encapsulate the oxidant prepared by mixing a solvent such as a solvent. On the other hand, in the fluorescent liquid layer 1b, an oxidizing agent such as oxalic acid ester that gives chemical energy to the fluorescent substance and the fluorescent substance oxidized by the oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, and dimethyl butyrate and the like. The fluorescent liquid prepared by mixing the solvent is enclosed. The boundary between the oxidizing liquid layer 1a and the fluorescent liquid layer 1b is provided with a diaphragm 1c made of, for example, a very thin glass so that the film can be broken by a simple pressing means described later and the two liquids can be mixed.
1e is a pin for forcibly destroying the diaphragm 1c.

【0008】該蛍光液容器1には、そのなかの圧力を高
めて混合の発光液を後述の装飾部まで押し上げる為の加
圧手段2を配設する。該加圧手段には、幾つかの態様が
あり、先ず第1の手段は、蛍光液容器1の上部に通じる
連通管2bを配し、該連通管2bの先に加熱によって膨
張するに充分な容積を有する空気室2aを形成し、その
周囲に固体メタノ−ル等の燃焼体2cを配して、その燃
焼熱で膨張加圧する。尚、2dは逆止弁を配した空気の
流入孔である。
The fluorescent liquid container 1 is provided with a pressurizing means 2 for increasing the pressure in the fluorescent liquid container 1 to push up the mixed luminescent liquid to a decorative portion described later. There are several modes of the pressurizing means. First, the first means is provided with the communication tube 2b communicating with the upper part of the fluorescent liquid container 1, and is sufficient to expand by heating at the tip of the communication tube 2b. An air chamber 2a having a volume is formed, a combustion body 2c such as solid methanol is arranged around the air chamber 2a, and the combustion heat expands and pressurizes the combustion chamber 2c. Reference numeral 2d is an air inflow hole provided with a check valve.

【0009】第2の手段としては、図3に示す如く、蛍
光液容器1の空気室を兼ねる上部1dに通じる連通管2
bを配すると共に、逆止弁を配したゴム性の弾性ポンプ
2eを配し、その弾性ポンプ2eを手で押圧して加圧す
る手段がある。
As a second means, as shown in FIG. 3, a communication pipe 2 communicating with an upper portion 1d of the fluorescent liquid container 1 which also serves as an air chamber.
There is a means for arranging b and a rubber elastic pump 2e having a check valve and pressing the elastic pump 2e by hand.

【0010】更に第3の手段としては、図4に示す如
く、蛍光液容器1に空気室を兼ねる上部1dを形成し、
該上部1dの周囲に生石灰2fに湿気を遮断する膜を2
g一体化させておき、使用時に膜を除いて、空気中の湿
気を作用させて反応熱で上部1dの空気を膨張させて加
圧する手段がある。
Further, as a third means, as shown in FIG. 4, an upper portion 1d which also serves as an air chamber is formed in the fluorescent liquid container 1,
A film that blocks moisture against lime 2f is provided around the upper portion 1d.
There is a means for integrating and preliminarily expanding the air in the upper portion 1d by reaction heat by causing the moisture in the air to act on the film and removing the film at the time of use.

【0011】装飾部3は、蛍光液容器1の底部に臨む中
空管3aと、その先の造形体3bとから成り、中空管3
aは、プラスチック、ガラス等の透明性物質で形成する
のが望ましく、花を模する場合には、それが植物の茎に
似する細径で形成し、その下方先端を可及的に蛍光液容
器1の底部近くに臨ませる。後述の発光液を上昇させる
に、蛍光液の底部近くまでの液を押し上げる為である。
The decorative portion 3 comprises a hollow tube 3a facing the bottom of the fluorescent liquid container 1 and a shaped body 3b at the end of the hollow tube 3a.
It is desirable that a is formed of a transparent material such as plastic or glass. In the case of imitating a flower, it should be formed with a small diameter resembling the stem of a plant and its lower tip should be filled with fluorescent liquid as much as possible. Place it near the bottom of the container 1. This is because in order to raise the luminescent liquid described later, the fluorescent liquid is pushed up to near the bottom.

【0012】造形体3bは、花弁等の植物、タワ−等の
建造物等を指すが、これに限定されるものではなく、目
的とする装飾物の立体的な輪郭を形づくる。そして、そ
の内部を発光液が浸透なよう中空状とし、望ましくは、
浸透性を高めるため、粗めの布や不織布等の繊維質3c
を介在させる。
The shaped body 3b refers to a plant such as a petal or a building such as a tower, but is not limited to this and forms a three-dimensional contour of a desired ornament. And the inside is made hollow so that the luminescent liquid does not penetrate, and preferably,
Fiber 3c such as rough cloth or non-woven fabric to improve permeability
Intervene.

【0013】次ぎに、結婚式の披露宴で用いる場合を例
にして、本実施形態の作用を説明する。本発明を結婚式
の披露宴で使用するには、予め本装置を招待客の個別の
テ−ブル上に載置しておく。そして、披露宴が進行して
適当な頃合に、会場内を消灯し、そこに点火具をもった
新郎新婦が入場し、テ−ブルに近づき、固体メタノ−ル
等で形成した燃焼体2cに着火する。
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described by taking the case of use at a wedding reception as an example. In order to use the present invention at a wedding reception, the device is placed on the individual table of the guest in advance. At the appropriate time as the reception proceeded, the venue was turned off, the bride and groom with igniters entered, approaching the table, and ignited the combustion body 2c formed of solid methanol, etc. To do.

【0014】すると、その燃焼炎が上方の空気室2aを
加熱し、室部の空気を熱膨張させる。該熱膨張した空気
は、連通管2bを経て、蛍光液容器1の上部1dに入
り、該蛍光液容器1内の内部圧力を高める。そして、そ
の圧力が一定の値を越すと、その高まった圧力により弱
いガラス等でできた隔膜1cが破壊され、その結果、酸
化液層1aと蛍光液層1b内の酸化液及び蛍光液が混合
し、発光反応を始める。このとき、圧力が弱い場合には
ピン1eを押して隔膜1cを破壊する。これによって、
シュ−酸エステルが過酸化水素により酸化されて中間物
質となり、それが蛍光物質に化学エネルギ−を与え励起
された状態となり、その励起状態から元に戻ろうすると
きに蛍光を発する。
Then, the combustion flame heats the upper air chamber 2a to thermally expand the air in the chamber. The thermally expanded air passes through the communication tube 2b and enters the upper portion 1d of the fluorescent liquid container 1 to increase the internal pressure in the fluorescent liquid container 1. Then, when the pressure exceeds a certain value, the diaphragm 1c made of weak glass or the like is destroyed by the increased pressure, and as a result, the oxidizing liquid and the fluorescent liquid in the oxidizing liquid layer 1a and the fluorescent liquid layer 1b are mixed. And start the luminescence reaction. At this time, when the pressure is weak, the pin 1e is pushed to break the diaphragm 1c. by this,
The oxalic acid ester is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide to become an intermediate substance, which gives chemical energy to the fluorescent substance to be excited, and emits fluorescence when returning from the excited state.

【0015】更に、燃焼体2cによる加熱が続くと、膨
張空気により蛍光液容器1への加圧が継続され、その圧
力により発光を開始した混合液が、蛍光液容器1の底部
に臨んだ中空管3aに入り、そこから徐々に中空管3a
内を上昇する。
Further, when the heating by the combustion body 2c continues, pressurization of the fluorescent liquid container 1 is continued by the expanded air, and the mixed liquid which has started to emit light by the pressure faces the bottom of the fluorescent liquid container 1. Enter the empty pipe 3a, and gradually enter the hollow pipe 3a from there.
Rises inside.

【0016】そして、中空管3aの上部に達した混合液
は、更に、連通状態にある造形体3bに侵入し、袋状を
形成する造形体3bの内部空間に浸透する。このとき、
粗めの布や不織布等の繊維質3cを介在させると、浸透
性が高まると共に、液の担持性が良くなる。そして、遂
に造形体3bの隅々まで到達すると、造形体3bの全体
が混合発光液で満たされ、花弁等を模した装飾部3の全
体の形が造られる。
Then, the mixed liquid reaching the upper part of the hollow tube 3a further enters the shaped body 3b in the communicating state and permeates into the internal space of the shaped body 3b forming a bag shape. At this time,
By interposing the fibrous material 3c such as a rough cloth or a non-woven fabric, the permeability is improved and the liquid carrying property is improved. Then, when finally reaching all the corners of the shaped body 3b, the entire shaped body 3b is filled with the mixed luminescent liquid, and the entire shape of the decorative portion 3 imitating a petal or the like is produced.

【0017】上記、2液が混合して発光した液が中空管
3aを上昇し、花弁等の造形体3bに侵入する様子は、
消灯した会場の暗闇の中で行なわれと、流動する混合液
の動きが、光りの流動として捉えられ、且つ、花弁等を
模した造形体の隅々に至ると全体の形が明確となり、そ
れが暗闇の中で浮き上がる。その結果、蛍光の淡い明る
さと相まって、装飾部全体が幻想的な雰囲気を醸し出
し、観る者の興味を引き立てる。この蛍光の発光時間
は、5〜8時間程度継続される。
The manner in which the above-mentioned two liquids mixed and emitted light rise in the hollow tube 3a and enter the shaped body 3b such as petals is as follows.
When performed in the darkness of the venue where the lights were turned off, the movement of the flowing mixed liquid was perceived as a flow of light, and the entire shape became clear when it reached every corner of the modeled body imitating petals, etc. Emerges in the dark. As a result, combined with the faint brightness of the fluorescent light, the entire decoration part creates a fantastic atmosphere, which enhances the interest of the viewer. The emission time of this fluorescence is continued for about 5 to 8 hours.

【0018】一つのテ−ブルが終了したら、次のテ−ブ
ルに移動し、同じ作業を繰り返すが、例えば、造形体3
bの形や種類を変化させておけば、テ−ブル毎に異なっ
た造形体3bが現出し、次々に変った造形及び雰囲気を
楽しむことができる。
When one table is finished, the process is moved to the next table and the same work is repeated.
If the shape and type of b are changed, a different shaped body 3b will appear for each table, and you can enjoy the changed shaping and atmosphere one after another.

【0019】以上は加圧手段を燃焼体による場合を説明
したが、圧搾空気による場合にはゴム性の弾性ポンプ2
eを手で押圧して加圧し、又、吸湿により発熱化学反応
する物質による場合には、膜を除いて空気中の湿気を作
用させて反応熱で上部1dの空気を膨張させて加圧する
ことで同様の作用を導くことができる。
Although the case where the pressurizing means is a combustor has been described above, when the pressurizing means is a compressed air, the rubber elastic pump 2 is used.
When e is pressed by hand to pressurize it, or when it is a substance that exothermically reacts due to moisture absorption, the moisture in the air is allowed to act except the film to expand the air in the upper part 1d by the heat of reaction and pressurize it. Can lead to the same effect.

【0020】[0020]

【発明の効果】本発明は、叙上の如くで、例えば結婚式
の披露宴の催物として用いれば、花弁等を模した蛍光液
体の流動により、動的で且つ幻想的な美しさを醸し出す
ことができるという優れた効果を奏する。又、蛍光とし
ての発光の強さが比較的強く、且つ、その発光時間も長
いので、結婚式に限定されず、誕生パ−テイや室内装飾
用置物等にも広く応用が可能である。更に、流動はあっ
ても、すべて密閉された容器内で行なわれるので液が容
器外に洩れる等の危険がなく、極めて安全である。
The present invention is as described above. For example, when it is used as an event for a wedding reception, the flow of fluorescent liquid imitating petals or the like produces dynamic and fantastic beauty. It has an excellent effect that it can be done. Further, since the intensity of light emitted as fluorescence is comparatively strong and the light emission time is long, it is not limited to weddings, but can be widely applied to birthday parties, ornamental ornaments, and the like. Furthermore, even if there is flow, since it is all performed in a closed container, there is no danger of liquid leaking out of the container, and it is extremely safe.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明装置の縦断側面図。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a device of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の全体斜視図。FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the present invention.

【図3】本発明の蛍光液容器への加圧手段を圧搾空気に
した場合の要部縦断側面図。
FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts when compressed air is used as a pressurizing means for the fluorescent liquid container of the present invention.

【図4】本発明の蛍光液容器への加圧手段を発熱化学物
質とした場合した場合の要部縦断側面図。
FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts in the case where the pressurizing means for the fluorescent liquid container of the present invention is exothermic chemical substance.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 蛍光液容器 1a 酸化液層 1b 蛍光液層 1c 隔膜 1d 上部 2 加圧手段 2a 空気室 2b 連通管 2c 燃焼体 2e 弾性ポンプ 2f 生石灰 3 装飾部 3a 中空管 3b 造形体 3c 繊維質 1 Fluorescent Liquid Container 1a Oxidizing Liquid Layer 1b Fluorescent Liquid Layer 1c Diaphragm 1d Upper Part 2 Pressurizing Means 2a Air Chamber 2b Communication Pipe 2c Combustion Body 2e Elastic Pump 2f Quick Lime 3 Decorative Part 3a Hollow Pipe 3b Molded Body 3c Fiber Material

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 (a)酸化剤を含んだ酸化液と蛍光物質
を含んだ蛍光液とを区分けして封入した蛍光液容器と、
(b)該蛍光液容器内を加圧する手段と、(c)該蛍光
液容器の底部に中空管を臨ませると共に該中空管の先に
中空状の透光性素材で形成した造形体を配した装飾部と
から成る発光装飾装置。
1. (a) A fluorescent liquid container in which an oxidizing liquid containing an oxidizing agent and a fluorescent liquid containing a fluorescent substance are separately sealed.
(B) means for pressurizing the inside of the fluorescent liquid container, and (c) a molded body formed of a hollow translucent material at the bottom of the fluorescent liquid container and at the end of the hollow pipe. A light-emitting decoration device including a decoration section in which a lamp is arranged.
【請求項2】 燃焼による膨張空気で蛍光液容器を加圧
する請求項1記載の発光装飾装置。
2. The luminous decoration device according to claim 1, wherein the fluorescent liquid container is pressurized with expanded air by combustion.
【請求項3】 圧搾空気で蛍光液容器を加圧する請求項
1記載の発光装飾装置。
3. The light emitting decoration device according to claim 1, wherein the fluorescent liquid container is pressurized with compressed air.
【請求項4】 蛍光液容器の上部を吸湿により発熱化学
反応する物質で加温する請求項1記載の発光装飾装置。
4. The light-emitting decoration device according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the fluorescent liquid container is heated by a substance that chemically reacts exothermically by absorbing moisture.
JP5681796A 1996-02-20 1996-02-20 Luminous decoration device by using two liquid type fluorescent liquid Pending JPH09231801A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5681796A JPH09231801A (en) 1996-02-20 1996-02-20 Luminous decoration device by using two liquid type fluorescent liquid

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5681796A JPH09231801A (en) 1996-02-20 1996-02-20 Luminous decoration device by using two liquid type fluorescent liquid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09231801A true JPH09231801A (en) 1997-09-05

Family

ID=13037936

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5681796A Pending JPH09231801A (en) 1996-02-20 1996-02-20 Luminous decoration device by using two liquid type fluorescent liquid

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09231801A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2011052322A1 (en) * 2009-10-29 2013-03-21 学校法人近畿大学 Teaching material for preparation preparation of injection and preparation training method using the same
JP2013203395A (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-07 Ti Group Automotive Systems Llc Threshold condition indication in vehicle fuel system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2011052322A1 (en) * 2009-10-29 2013-03-21 学校法人近畿大学 Teaching material for preparation preparation of injection and preparation training method using the same
JP2013203395A (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-07 Ti Group Automotive Systems Llc Threshold condition indication in vehicle fuel system
KR20130111344A (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-10 티아이 그룹 오토모티브 시스템즈 엘엘씨 Threshold condition indication in vehicle fuel system

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