JPH09221401A - Prevention of damage from disease and harmful insect - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method efficiently treating a plant with chemicals to prevent a damage from a disease and a harmful insect. SOLUTION: This method comprises a treatment of an adventitious root of a plant with chemicals to prevent a damage from a disease and a harmful insect. An implement for treating an adventitious root of a plant with chemicals is obtained from an air permeable base material, capable of retaining the chemicals to prevent the damage from the disease and the harmful insect therein and a fitting surrounding the base material, fixing the base material to a stem, a branch and a trunk and having an opening through which the stem, the branch and the trunk can penetrate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for controlling pests and diseases.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for controlling pests, there are a method of directly treating the above-ground parts such as foliage of plants with a pest controlling agent and a method of treating a pest controlling agent on soil near the underground such as roots of plants. Are known.

[0003]

Among the above methods, the former method is difficult to uniformly attach the pest control agent to the foliage and the back surface of the leaf existing inside, and is particularly effective for plants with dense foliage. It was not easy to treat pesticides. Further, in the latter case, since the soil intervenes, the pest control agent is adsorbed and decomposed by the soil, so that it is not always possible to exert a sufficient effect.

[0004]

Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve such problems, and as a result,
The present invention has been reached. The present invention includes: 1. A method for controlling pests, which comprises treating an adventitious root of a plant with a pest controlling agent (hereinafter referred to as the method of the present invention); 2. A method for controlling pests, wherein adventitious roots are generated on a stem, branch or trunk of a plant, and the adventitious roots are treated with a pest control agent. 3. The method for controlling pests according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the agent for controlling pests held on a breathable substrate is used. An air-permeable base material for holding a pest control agent, and an attachment member having a mouth so that the stem, branch or trunk of a plant can penetrate while encapsulating the base material to fix the base material to the stem, branch or trunk of the plant An apparatus for treating an adventitious root of a plant with a pest control agent (hereinafter, referred to as an apparatus of the present invention), which comprises:

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. Plants to which the method of the present invention can be applied are vegetables, fruit trees, cereals, as long as they are plants that produce adventitious roots on stems, branches or trunks.
Trees and the like may be used, but specific examples include tomato, eggplant, cucumber, melon, watermelon, grape, citrus, cherry, pear, peach, apple, cherry, camellia and the like.

To generate adventitious roots in plants, for example,
A method of contacting water for a few days to several tens of days with a predetermined portion of a stem or a trunk where an adventitious root is to be generated or β-indole-butyric acid,
Contact for several days to several tens of days with an aqueous solution in which an auxin such as α-naphthaleneacetic acid and α-naphthyl acetamide and an adventitious root generation promoter such as cytokinins such as kinetin, benzyladenine, zeatin, and forchlorfenuron are dissolved. An ordinary method such as a method for causing the same may be used. As a specific example, at the same time as circulating oxygen, a substrate having a function of also being able to retain water, for example, a resin material such as porous polyurethane, absorbent cotton, cloth, sawdust, peat moss, plants such as coconut rapete Water or the above-mentioned aqueous solution of chemicals is held in advance on a breathable base material such as organic material, animal material such as sponge, mineral material such as rock wool, and then fixed on the stem, branch or trunk of the plant. There is a way to do it. If necessary, the base material may be fixed while using a mounting member having a mouth portion so that the stem, branch or trunk of the plant can be penetrated while encapsulating the base material. Examples of the attachment member include a water-impermeable or poorly water-permeable film or container having a light-shielding effect. In order to supply water to the above-mentioned base material, for example, there is a method of supplying water continuously or intermittently using a watering tube or a water separation tube. Specifically, a diversion tube that can be inserted with a single touch is connected to the water supply inlet of the mounting member. In addition, the other end of the water diversion tube is directly connected to a main watering tube (working pressure 0 to ³ kg / cm ³ ) with a dripper for adjusting the amount of water supplied.
After installing a pressure reducing valve (such as drip type), connect it to this dripper to receive water supply (see Fig. 5).

Any agent for controlling pests used in the present invention may be used as long as it has a property of being absorbed and transferred from adventitious roots of plants. Specifically, for example, pest control agents such as benfuracarb, benzoevin, dimethoate, cartap, carbosulfan, dimethylvinphos, acephate, diazinon, salicione, imidacloprid, thiomethone, oxamyl, thiodicarb, prothiophos, alanicarb, Benomyl, thiophanetomethyl, triadimefon, oxamyl, triflumizole, phenalimol, procymidone, iprodione, metalaxyl, oxadixyl, kasugamycin,
Examples thereof include disease controlling agents such as fosetyl, dietofencarb, oxolinic acid, ipconazol, pyriphenox, and triclofosmethyl. If necessary, these pesticidal agents can be mixed and used.

The pest control agent used in the present invention is usually prepared by using a liquid carrier, a solid carrier, a surface active agent or other auxiliary agents for formulation into emulsions, liquids, wettable powders, suspensions, granules and the like. Used as a formulation. These formulations usually contain the active ingredient in a weight ratio of about 0.00001 to about 99.9%.

Examples of the liquid carrier used include aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene and methylnaphthalene, alcohols such as isopropanol, ethylene glycol and cellosolve, ketones such as acetone, cyclohexanone and isophorone, soybean oil, cottonseed oil and the like. Vegetable oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, liquid compound fertilizer, water and the like can be mentioned. As the solid carrier, for example, fine powder or granular material such as kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, acid clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth, calcite, walnut shell powder, urea, ammonium sulfate, chemical fertilizer, synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, etc. Is raised.

Surfactants used for purposes such as emulsification, dispersion, wetting, spreading, binding, disintegration control, stabilization of active ingredients, improvement of fluidity, rust prevention, etc. are nonionic, anionic and cationic. Both zwitterionic and zwitterionic may be used, but usually non-ionic and / or anionic are used. Representative nonionic surfactants include, for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer,
Sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and the like can be mentioned. Representative anionic surfactants include, for example, alkyl sulfates, alkyl (aryl) sulfonates,
Examples thereof include dialkyl sulfosuccinates and polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether phosphate salts. Other auxiliaries for formulation include lignin sulfonate, alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), PA
P (acidic isopropyl phosphate) and the like can be mentioned.

Further, in the present invention, for example, a time-controlled release function is provided in order to efficiently incorporate the pesticidal agent into the plant from the adventitious root, beginning at the time when the effect of the pesticidal agent is expected (the time when the pest occurs). Formulations can also be used. In order to produce a preparation having such a time-controlled release function, for example, a method of embedding the active ingredient in microcapsules, an alkyd polyester resin in granules,
A method of coating with a polyurethane resin, a resin obtained by mixing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with a polyethylene resin, or a resin obtained by mixing a urethane resin with an epoxy resin can be used.

The treatment concentration and treatment amount of the pesticidal agent thus prepared depend on the kind of the pesticidal agent, etc., but usually the active ingredient is about 0.01 to about 1000 p.
Apply the pm solution.

When the adventitious roots of plants are treated with a pest control agent, for example, a method of using a pest control agent retained on a breathable substrate is preferable. As the breathable base material, a material which does not inhibit the rooting of adventitious roots and its extension and is made of a breathable and flexible material, for example, a resin material such as porous polyurethane, absorbent cotton, cloth, sawdust, peat moss, and coconut husk. Examples thereof include plant materials such as peat, animal materials such as sponge, and mineral materials such as rock wool. Such an air-permeable base material is capable of retaining moisture while allowing oxygen to flow. In addition, when a highly water-absorbing resin material made of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyoxyethylene, or the like is used, moisture can be efficiently retained for a long time. In order to fix the substrate to the stem, branch or trunk of the plant, it is preferable to use an attachment member having a mouth so that the stem, branch or trunk of the plant can be penetrated while enclosing the substrate (see FIG. 2). ). Examples of the mounting member include a water-impermeable or water-impermeable film or a container having a light-shielding effect. For example, for carbon coloring agents such as carbon black added for the purpose of blocking the penetration of sunlight (visible part, infrared part, ultraviolet region) that affects the rooting of the adventitious root and its extension into the container, and other sunscreens. Effective pigments, aluminum powder, aluminum powder, metal powder such as brass powder, and materials that can be mixed such as metal chips, specifically vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene chloride resin, nylon resin, polystyrene resin, Polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polycarbonate resin,
Materials including thermoplastic resins such as methacrylic resins and ABS resins, and thermosetting resins such as melamine resins, phenol resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and epoxy resins can be cited. The shape of the attachment member varies depending on the plant at the time of attaching the member to the stem, branch or trunk of the plant, and examples thereof include a spherical shape, a cube and a rectangular parallelepiped. More specifically, the attachment member is symmetrical with respect to the stem, branch or trunk of the plant, and may be independent of each other, or may be fixed at one side of the symmetrical and open in a double door shape. Are suitable. still,
The mouth for the stem, branch or trunk of the plant to penetrate is preferably one that is sufficiently applicable to the size of the diameter of the stem, branch or trunk, and the enlargement of the stem, branch or trunk of the plant after installation. It should be a flexible material that does not scratch. In addition, the contact part has a keyhole-like shape at one to several places, and the contact part has a groove-like key and keyhole-like shape. It must have a shape that is integral (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The capacity may be, for example, about 0.1 L to about 10 L, preferably about 0.5 L to about 4 L.

When an aeration base material is used in advance to generate adventitious roots in plants, pest control is performed at the time of drug treatment by using, for example, a syringe, an injector, a nozzle spray, an irrigation tube or the like. The agent may be injected and held in the breathable base material.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to formulation examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. First, formulation examples are shown. In these preparation examples, parts represent parts by weight.

Formulation Example 1 (Emulsion) Xylene was added to 5 parts of oxolinic acid (hereinafter referred to as compound A), 10 parts of polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether and 50 parts of cyclohexanone to make 1 whole.
An emulsion is obtained by mixing and stirring with 100 parts.

Formulation Example 2 (Wettable powder) Kaolin clay was added to 10 parts of compound A, 5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate and 2 parts of a formalin condensate of an aromatic sulfonate to make 100 parts, and the mixture was well mixed with a juice mixer. After that, a wettable powder is obtained by finely pulverizing with a jet mill. Next, a test example is shown.

Test Example In open-field soil cultivation, a urethane foam foam was wrapped around the stem of the tomato (variety: strongly improved large-scale Toko) at the flowering stage of the first inflorescence about 5 cm above the edge, and vinylidene chloride wrap was wrapped from the outside. (To prevent it from drying), and then from the outside with aluminum foil (to protect it from light), wrap the gardening tie around the upper and lower parts of the urethane seedling foam to raise the seedling urethane foam. -Am fixed on the stem (see Figure 1). Then, the drug prepared in Formulation Example 2 was diluted with water so that the concentration of the active ingredient was 0.05 ppm or 0.5 ppm, and the diluted solution was injected with a syringe at a ratio of 50 mL per individual to the above-mentioned nursery foam. Injected inside. Thus, one week after the treatment with the drug, the cultured tomato bacterial wilt pathogenic bacterium (Pseudomonas solanacearum) was inoculated on the soil surface. One week after that, the above-mentioned diluted solution was subjected to the drug treatment again at a rate of 20 mL per individual by the same method as above. After the inoculation with the pathogenic bacteria, the cultivation was continued for 23 days, and the number of wilted individuals was investigated to examine the onset state of tomato wilt disease. The test was carried out in triplicate using 10 individuals for each treatment. Table 1 shows the results.

[0019]

[Table 1]

[0020]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, plants can be treated with a pest control agent efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a shape of a mounting member of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a shape of a contact portion of a mounting member of the device of the present invention. Since the contact portion of the attachment member has a shape as shown in this drawing, the attachment member can be integrated into two equal parts with a single touch across the stem, branch or trunk of the plant.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of use of the method of the present invention. This example is a system for continuously or intermittently supplying water from a main irrigation tube via a water distribution tube to supply water to adventitious roots of a plant.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for controlling pests, which comprises treating an adventitious root of a plant with a pest controlling agent. 2. An adventitious root is generated on a stem, branch or trunk of a plant,
A method for controlling pests, which comprises treating the adventitious root with a pest controlling agent. 3. The method for controlling pests according to claim 1, wherein the pest controlling agent retained on the breathable substrate is used. 4. An air-permeable base material for holding a pest control agent, and a mouth for allowing the stem, branch or trunk of a plant to penetrate while encapsulating the base material so as to fix the base material to the stem, branch or trunk of the plant. An apparatus for treating an adventitious root of a plant with a pest control agent, which comprises an attachment member having a portion.