JPH09220695A - Screw press - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excellently improve the dehydration efficiency of a body to be separated and the process efficiency. SOLUTION: This device has a separating cylinder 4 formed like a cylinder as a whole which separates a mixture S to be separated composed of a solid and a liquid into the solid and the liquid, a screw conveyer 9 which is arranged inside the separating cylinder 4 freely rotatably and which presses and moves the mixture S to be separated supplied inside the separating cylinder 4 in an axial direction, and a separating cylinder rotating means 60 which rotates at least a part of the separating cylinder 4 on a discharging side OS of the mixture S to be separated in the same direction as the rotation direction of the screw conveyer 9 at a speed different from that of the screw conveyer 9.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a screw press for dehydrating liquid from a substance to be separated which is a mixture of a liquid and a solid, and more particularly, in a separation cylinder formed into a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole. The present invention relates to a screw press that improves the dehydration efficiency when the liquid to be separated is dehydrated from the object to be filtered by continuously compressing the object to be separated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a sludge such as surplus sludge, coagulation sludge, flotation separation scum or a sludge, or a sludge, which is a mixture of a liquid and a solid, is separated from a substance to be separated. A dehydrator called a screw press that can dehydrate liquid from a solid is a separation treatment of domestic wastewater such as night soil treatment plant, sewage treatment plant, machine factory, chemical factory, food factory or various industrial wastewater. It is often used for etc.

Such a conventional screw press, which is a dehydrator, serves as a separating means having a separating material (filtering material) formed into a cylindrical sieve surface by a punching metal or the like having a large number of through holes of an appropriate size. A separation cylinder (a filtration cylinder or a dehydration cylinder) is provided, and an appropriate screw conveyor as a transfer means is disposed inside the separation cylinder. The object to be separated supplied to the inside of the separation cylinder is a screw conveyor. By gradually and continuously compressing the inside of the separation cylinder while axially moving, the dehydrated cake is obtained by dehydrating (separating) the liquid component from the substance to be separated by the screen surface of the separation material that constitutes the separation cylinder. It is designed to separate into a solid lump called solid and a liquid part (solid-liquid separation).

As a conventional screw press of this type, it is known that only the screw conveyor is rotated and the separation cylinder is kept stationary.

[0005]

However, in order to obtain a good dehydration property in the above-mentioned conventional one,
It is necessary to rotate the screw conveyor at a low speed, but when the screw conveyor is rotated at a low speed, the object to be separated is not well caught in the screw conveyor and the throughput of the object to be separated is reduced. It was Further, in order to remove the clogging of the separation cylinder, since the separation cylinder is stationary, a large number of nozzles for injecting water are required.

[0006] Further, conventionally, there has been one in which the screw conveyor and the separating cylinder are rotated in opposite directions.

However, in the case where the screw conveyor and the separating cylinder are rotated in the opposite directions as described above, if the rotation speed of the screw conveyor is increased, the object to be separated is satisfactorily caught in the screw conveyor, but the screw conveyor is Since the differential speed of the separation cylinder is large, the substance to be separated is rapidly transferred to the most downstream end of the screw conveyor without being compressed, and good dewatering property cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the rotation speed of the screw conveyor is slowed when rotating the screw conveyor and the separating cylinder in the opposite directions, it is not possible to satisfactorily bite the separated object into the screw conveyor, and the throughput of the separated object. Had fallen.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a screw press having excellent dehydration efficiency and treatment efficiency of the substance to be separated.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the feature of the screw press of the present invention as set forth in claim 1 is that a substance to be separated comprising a mixture of solid and liquid is solid and liquid. And a screw for separating the object to be separated, which is rotatably arranged inside the separation cylinder and supplied into the separation cylinder, in the axial direction of the separation cylinder. It has a conveyor and a separating cylinder rotating means for rotating at least a part of the separating cylinder on the discharge side of the object to be separated with a speed difference in the same direction as the rotating direction of the screw conveyor. Then, by adopting such a configuration, the separation cylinder rotating means can rotate at least a part of the separation cylinder on the discharge side of the separated body in the same direction as the rotation direction of the screw conveyor with a speed difference, As a result, since the screw conveyor can be rotated at a high speed to some extent, it is possible to satisfactorily bite the object to be separated into the screw conveyor, and since the differential speed between the screw conveyor and the separation cylinder can be reduced,
Since the substance to be separated is sufficiently compressed, the liquid component of the liquid can be efficiently dehydrated from the substance to be separated.

Further, a feature of the screw press according to the present invention as set forth in claim 2 is that, in claim 1, the rotation speed of the separation cylinder is made slower than the rotation speed of the screw conveyor. Further, by adopting such a configuration, it is possible to more reliably improve the dehydration efficiency and treatment efficiency of the separation target.

Further, the screw press of the present invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the separation cylinder is a separation material formed by laminating a plurality of plates, and A point is that a gap forming member that can form a gap for separating an object to be separated made of a mixture of solid and liquid into solid and liquid is provided between each two plates adjacent to the separating material. Further, by adopting such a configuration, the gap forming member can easily form a gap between the two adjacent plates for separating the separated body.

Further, a feature of the screw press of the present invention according to claim 4 in the claims is that, in claim 3, the gap forming member is an elastic body. By adopting such a configuration, the gap forming member is
It is possible to make uniform the respective gaps for separating the separated bodies formed between the two adjacent plates.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of a screw press according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a partially cut front view of a main part, and FIG. 2 shows a skeleton of the main part of FIG. It is a top view shown.

In the screw press 1 of the present embodiment, a mixture of solid and liquid called slurry or sludge such as surplus sludge, coagulation sludge, flotation separation scum and the like is used as the separated body S, and A liquid mass E is separated from the substance to be separated S by dehydrating a liquid mass E and a liquid mass E called a dehydrated cake.
It is separated into and.

As shown in FIG. 1, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment has a gantry 2 which is made of a rigid material such as metal and has a substantially rectangular shape in a plane. A leveling mount that also functions as a level adjuster and a vibration absorber of the screw press 1 and wheels (both not shown) that allow the screw press 1 to move are arranged in a desired number at appropriate positions, for example, at four corners. .

A substantially box-shaped removable main liquid receiver 3 having an opening at the top is attached to the top of the gantry 2. The main liquid receiver 3 is dehydrated (separated) by a main separation cylinder 4A which constitutes a part of a separation cylinder 4 described later, and thus the main separation cylinder 4 is formed.
The liquid E is discharged from the outer peripheral surface of A to the outside and collected, and is formed over most of the central portion in the longitudinal direction shown in the left-right direction in the upper part of the pedestal 2 in FIG. The main liquid receiver 3 is formed so that the central portion of the bottom plate is the lowest, and the drain 5 is disposed at the lowest part of the bottom plate. One end of a hose or a pipe (not shown) is attached to the discharge drain 5 so that the liquid component E dropped in the main liquid receiver 5 can be sent to a recovery tank (not shown). Further, on the left side of the upper surface of the gantry 2 in FIG. 1, a discharge chute 6 for discharging a solid lump K called a dehydrated cake or the like discharged axially from the inside of the main separation cylinder 4A onto a conveyor (not shown). Is provided, and the lump K discharged onto the conveyor can be sent to an appropriate storage container (not shown) by the conveyor. A control panel (both not shown) having various operation switches and the like is arranged at a desired position of the gantry 2.

A main separation cylinder (dehydration cylinder) 4A forming a part of the separation cylinder 4 is disposed above the gantry 2. The main separation cylinder 4A is formed, for example, in a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, and dehydrates the substance S to be separated, which is supplied therein, to separate the substance S into a solid mass K and a dehydrated liquid. It can be separated into a liquid component E (solid-liquid separation), and one end (right end) side of the main separation cylinder 4A shown on the right side in FIG.
The separation target S is supplied to the supply side IS, and the main separation cylinder 4
The other end (left end) side shown on the left side in FIG. 1 of A is the discharge side OS from which the dehydrated lump K is discharged. The main separating cylinder 4A is separated by the plurality of support members 7 provided upright on the pedestal 2 in parallel with the upper surface of the gantry 2 and in the longitudinal direction of the gantry 2 shown in the left-right direction in FIG. The cylinder 4A is horizontally supported so that the axial directions thereof extend in parallel. The detailed structure of the main separation cylinder 4A will be described later.

Above the supply side IS of the main separation cylinder 4A, there is provided a sub separation cylinder 4B which also serves as a supply hopper for smoothly supplying the substance S to be separated into the main separation cylinder 4A. . The sub separation cylinder 4B constitutes a part of the separation cylinder 4, and is formed, for example, in a substantially rectangular tube shape as a whole, and its axis is orthogonal to the axis of the main separation cylinder 4A. 1 is arranged so as to be vertically oriented in the vertical direction. The detailed configuration of the sub separation cylinder 4B will be described later.

That is, the separating cylinder 4 in the present embodiment
1, as shown in FIG. 1, a main separation cylinder 4A arranged horizontally above the pedestal 2 shown in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, and above the supply side IS of the main separation cylinder 4 in the vertical direction in FIG. It has the sub separation cylinder 4B arranged vertically as shown.

A screw conveyor 9 is arranged inside the main separating cylinder 4A. This screw conveyer 9 separates the object S to be separated supplied into the main separation cylinder 4A,
This is for gradually compressing the inside of the main separation cylinder 4A from the right side to the left side in FIG. 1 in the axial direction and transferring it while pressurizing (pressurizing transfer). Then, journal parts 10R and 10L each having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the screw conveyor 9 are provided at both ends of the screw conveyor 9, and most of the journal parts 10R and 10L in the longitudinal direction are The main separation cylinder 4A is projected outward from the axial end surface, and the vicinity of its tip end is rotatably supported by bearings 11R and 11L arranged on both sides of the main separation cylinder 4A in the left-right direction. Further, a driven sprocket 12 is attached to a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the journal portion 10R shown on the right side in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, a conveyor drive motor 13 such as a variable speed induction motor is arranged on the upper surface of the gantry 2 located on the front side of the bearing body 11R (downward right side in FIG. 2). And this conveyor drive motor 1
At the tip of the output shaft 13a of No. 3, the drive sprocket 14
Is attached. Then, the driven sprocket 12 and the conveyor drive motor 13 attached to the journal portion 10R
An endless roller chain 15 is spanned so as to come into contact with the respective outer peripheral surfaces of the drive sprocket 14 attached to the tip end of the output shaft 13a (Fig. 2).

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the driving force of the conveyor drive motor 13 is transmitted to the screw conveyor 9 via the drive sprocket 14, the roller chain 15 and the driven sprocket 12, and is supplied to the inside of the main separating cylinder 4A. In order to gradually compress and pressurize the separated substance S while moving it from the right side to the left side in FIG.
The screw conveyor 9 is rotated in a predetermined direction at a rotation speed of about 8 rpm.

The driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the driving force of the conveyor drive motor 13 to the screw conveyor 9 can be selected from various conventionally known rotation transmission mechanisms such as gear transmission and belt transmission.

The main separation cylinder 4A will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a plate which constitutes the separating material of the front separating portion, and FIG. 4 is a partially cut front view showing the main portion of the front separating portion without the auxiliary separating cylinder. 5 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes the separating material of the rear separating section, FIG. 6 is a left side view showing the vicinity of the fixing plate located on the supply side, and FIG. 7 is a view showing the main part of the rear separating section. It is a partially cut plan view shown.

Main separation cylinder 4 forming a part of the separation cylinder 4
A is located on the upstream side (supply side IS) in the transfer direction of the object S to be separated shown on the right side in FIG. When,
It is axially divided into two parts, that is, a rear separation part 17B located on the downstream side (discharging side OS) in the transfer direction of the separation target S shown on the left side in FIG. Further, the rear separation part 17B is axially divided into two parts, a middle separation part 17Ba located on the front separation part 17A side and a rear separation part 17Bb located on the discharge side OS. That is, the main separation cylinder 4 in the present embodiment
The separation unit 17 of A includes a front separation unit 17A and a rear separation unit 17A.
B is divided into two parts in the axial direction and the rear separation part 17
B is 2 in the middle separating portion 17Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb.
It is divided, and there are a total of three separating parts 17A,
It has 17Ba and 17Bb.

Further, in the present embodiment, the rear separating portion 17 which is a portion located on the discharge side OS of the main separating cylinder 4A.
B is a predetermined speed difference between the screw conveyor 9 and the screw conveyor 9 by the separating cylinder rotating means 60 described later, for example, the screw conveyor 9
So that the speed ratio between the rear separating section 17B and the rear separating section 17B is about 5: 4, that is, the rotating speed of the rear separating section 17B is slower than the rotating speed of the screw conveyor 9 so that both can rotate in the same direction. Has been formed.

The front separating portion 17A is for forming a so-called low-pressure separation zone for separating the object S to be separated at a low pressure, and comprises a plurality of plates 18 each having an open upper portion and having a substantially U shape. By stacking, the separating member 19 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and a substantially U-shaped side surface to form a substantially gutter shape. Each plate 18 that constitutes the separating member 19 is formed of a material having rigidity such as a metal, and each plate 18 is formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction as shown in FIG. 3, for example. A mounting hole 20 is formed at a location. As shown in FIG. 4, each of the mounting holes 20 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of each of the five guide rods 21 (only part of which is shown) so as to be movable in the axial direction.
Further, as shown in detail in FIG. 4, each guide rod 21 has two plates 1 adjacent to each other.
A desired gap G for separating the separated body S between the eight
A ring-shaped disc spring 22 that is elastic in the axial direction and is an elastic body serving as a gap forming member for forming A is externally movably fitted. The gap forming member is not limited to the disc spring 22, and various members that can expand and contract in the axial direction, such as a compression coil spring and a wave washer (not shown), can be selected.

As shown in FIG. 1, each of the guide rods 21 is provided on the support member 7a provided on the supply side IS of the front separation section 17A and on the discharge side OS of the front separation section 17A. It is horizontally supported above the gantry 2 by the supporting member 7b. The guide rods 21 are, for example,
By rotating each guide rod 21, the support members 7a, 7a are moved in the axial direction of the main separation cylinder 4A.
The guide rods 21 are detachably attached to b, and each guide rod 21 is rotated in one direction to move each guide rod 21 to the right as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. The left end of the rod 21 is separated from the surface of the support member 7b located on the discharge side OS located on the supply side IS, and the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 can be attached to and detached from the discharge side OS of the front separation portion 17A. The number of plates 18 and / or disc springs 22 arranged on each guide rod 21 can be increased / decreased, or the plates 18 and / or disc springs 22 can be replaced with those having different thicknesses, or the number of plates 18 and / or disc springs 22 can be increased / decreased or exchanged. By performing the combined operation, the gap G
A can be made variable. Also,
Flange portions 23 for supporting the sub separation cylinder 4B from below are formed on the upper portions of both the support members 7a and 7b.

A mere washer-shaped spacer may be used as the gap forming member instead of the disc spring 22.

The rear separation unit 17B is pressure-transferred from the supply side IS to the discharge side OS (from left to right in FIG. 1) by the screw conveyor 9, and the front separation unit 17A dehydrates it at a low pressure ( It is for further dehydrating (separating) the separated object S to be separated,
7A, which is adjacent to 7A, forms a so-called medium-pressure separation zone for dehydrating the substance S to be separated at a medium pressure, and so-called high-pressure separation, which is located on the discharge side OS and separates the substance S to be separated at high pressure. It is divided into a rear separating portion 17Bb forming a zone.

The middle separating portion 17Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb, which constitute the rear separating portion 17B, have a separating material 19A which is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole by laminating a plurality of annular plates 18A. There is. Each plate 18A constituting this separating material 19A is formed of a material having rigidity such as metal, and each plate 18A is penetrated in the plate thickness direction as shown in FIG. 5, for example. Three mounting holes 24 are formed. The mounting holes 24 are arranged at equal distances from the axis of the plate 18A, which is the axis of the main separation cylinder 4A, at equal angles. Further, the axis of each mounting hole 24 has a plate 18A
Is located radially outward of the outer peripheral surface of the.

As shown in FIG. 6, the mounting holes 24 of the plate 18A are mounted on the outer peripheral surfaces of the six fixing rods 25, and the mounting holes 2 of the two plates 18A adjacent to each other are provided.
The phases of 4 are different by 60 degrees, and they are alternately laminated so as to be movable in the axial direction. In order to form a desired gap GB in each fixed rod 25 between the plates 18A adjacent to each other as shown in FIG. The disc spring 22A as a gap forming member similar to the above,
Two adjacent plates 18A in the same phase are externally fitted between each other, so that two adjacent plates 18A are adjacent to each other.
The plates 18A are formed so as to be in close contact with each other.

That is, a disc spring 22A is arranged between each two adjacent plates 18A of the separation material 19A formed by laminating a plurality of plates 18A.
A gap GB is provided between each two adjacent plates 18A forming A.

The plate spring 22A has a plate thickness equal to that of the plate 18A or slightly thinner than the plate 18A, whereby theoretically the sizes of the gap GB are adjacent to each other. It can be adjusted within a range from 0 where the plate 18A to which it is attached closely to the maximum extension state of the disc spring 22A in the axial direction. Further, the gap GB of the rear separating portion 17B is formed to be smaller than the gap GA of the front separating portion 17A (GB <GA).

The front end of the fixed rod 25 located on the supply side IS is detachably attached to an annular fixed plate 26a located on the supply side IS of the rear separating section 17B, as shown in detail in FIG. The rear end of the fixed rod 25 positioned on the discharge side is detachably attached to the annular fixed plate 26 positioned on the discharge side OS of the rear separation section 17B. The fixed plate 26a located on the supply side IS is the annular intermediate ring 6
1 is connected to the support member 7b located on the discharge side OS of the front separation portion 17A. A sliding member 62 is disposed on the supply side IS of the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate ring 61 and the inner peripheral surface of the fixed plate 26a, and the fixed member 26a is rotatable by the sliding member 62. There is. Further, the outer dimensions of both the fixing plates 26a and 26b are formed to be larger than the maximum outer dimension of the plate 18A.

As shown in FIG. 1, the annular fixing plate 26a located on the supply side IS of the rear separating section 17B is rotatably equiangularly arranged so as to come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing plate 26a. It is rotatably supported by each grooved roller body 63 (only a part is shown). As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing plate 2 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the grooved roller body 63 at the central portion in the axial direction.
An annular groove 63a is formed to which the outer peripheral surface of 6a can be fitted. The outer peripheral surface of the fixed plate 26a is brought into contact with the bottom of the concave groove 63a, so that the fixed plate 26a can be positioned in the axial direction. It is supposed to be done.

As shown in FIG. 1, the annular fixing plate 26b located on the discharge side OS of the rear separating section 17B is rotatably equiangularly arranged so as to come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing plate 26a. It is rotatably supported by individual roller bodies 64 (only a part is shown). The length of the roller body 64 in the axial direction is made larger than the thickness of the fixed plate 26b so that it can be adapted to the change in the position of the fixed plate 26b in the axial direction.

At a substantially central position in the longitudinal direction of each of the fixing rods 25, as shown in detail in FIG.
An annular movable plate 27 is provided for partitioning the intermediate separation portion 17Ba and the rear separation portion 17Bb. This movable plate 2
7 has six through holes 28 through which the fixed rods 25 are inserted in the plate thickness direction, and is movable along the fixed rods 25 in the axial direction. Also, each insertion hole 28
Are arranged at equal distances from the axis of the main separation cylinder 4A by equal angles. Further, the outer dimensions of the movable plate 27 are the same as the outer dimensions of the fixed plates 26a and 26b.

As shown in detail in FIG. 7, the rear separating portion 17B is arranged at equal angles 3 so as to penetrate near the outer peripheries of the fixed plate 26b and the movable plate 27 located on the discharge side OS. A book adjusting rod 30 (only part of which is shown) is provided. The adjusting rod 30 is a through bolt having a desired male screw 31 formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and is arranged so as to extend parallel to the respective fixing rods 25. The right end of the adjusting rod 30 located on the supply side IS is screwed into a female screw 32a formed on the fixing plate 26a located on the supply side IS. Further, each adjusting rod 30 has a movable plate 2 for positioning the movable plate 27.
A pair of left and right nuts 3 arranged so as to sandwich 7
2b and a pair of left and right nuts 32c arranged so as to sandwich the fixing plate 26b for positioning the fixing plate 26b located on the discharge side OS. The left end of the adjusting rod 30 located on the ejection side OS is located on the left side of the fixing plate 26b located on the ejection side OS (the ejection side O
That is, the movable plate 27 is moved in the axial direction as shown by a double-headed arrow B in FIG. 7 by rotating the pair of left and right nuts 32b arranged on the adjusting rod 30. As a result, the fixed plate 26 located on the supply side IS with respect to the fixed distance L2 between the fixed plates 26a and 26b.
The separation distance L2a between the movable plate 27 and the movable plate 27 and the separation distance L2b between the movable plate 27 and the fixed plate 26b located on the discharge side OS are relatively changed, and the middle separation unit 17 is provided.
Two plates 18 each constituting the Ba separation material 19Aa
A gap GB formed with a disc spring 22A between the two A's
a and a disc spring 22 that expands and contracts in the axial direction a gap GBb formed with a disc spring 22A between two plates 18A constituting the separating material 19Ab of the rear separating portion 17Bb.
It is possible to absorb (follow) the elastic force of A.

Further, in this embodiment, the gap GBa of the middle separating portion 17Ba is equal to the gap GBb of the rear separating portion 17Bb.
It is formed to be narrower.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the sizes of the gaps GA, GBa, GBb are gradually reduced from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the separation target S (GA>GBa> GBb). ) Is formed.

The fixed plate 26b located on the discharge side OS
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, a cylindrical guide ring 34 is attached to the surface of the discharge side OS of the above.
The guide ring 34 is for guiding the lump K that has passed through the main separation cylinder 4A along the outer peripheral surface of the screw conveyor 9 to a predetermined discharge position. Furthermore, the guide ring 3
A follower sprocket 65 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of No. 4 by a sliding key (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, a separation cylinder drive motor 66 such as a variable speed induction motor is provided on the upper surface of the gantry 2 located on the front side (lower left side in FIG. 2) of the driven sprocket 65. A drive sprocket 67 is attached to the tip of the output shaft 66a of the separation cylinder drive motor 66. Then, the driven sprocket 65 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the guide ring 34 and the drive sprocket 67 attached to the tip end of the output shaft 66a of the separation cylinder drive motor 66 are brought into contact with the respective outer peripheral surfaces of the endless ends. Roller chain 68
Are being passed over (Fig. 2). In addition, the driven sprocket 65 has a left end portion located on the discharge side OS of the adjusting rod 30 penetrated through, and the driven sprocket 65 and the adjusting rod 30 are arranged on the left and right sides so as to sandwich the driven sprocket 65. The driven sprocket 65 can be positioned in the axial direction by being attached by the pair of nuts 32b and rotating the pair of left and right nuts 32b.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the driving force of the separating cylinder drive motor 67 is such that both fixing plates constituting the rear separating portion 17B are mediated by the driving sprocket 67, the roller chain 68, the driven sprocket 65 and the adjusting rod 30. 26
a, 26b and the movable plate 27 are simultaneously transmitted to rotate the rear separating section 17B in the same rotation direction as the rotation direction of the screw conveyor 9. The rotation of the rear separation unit 17B has a speed ratio of 5: 4 to the rotation speed of the screw conveyor 9 (when the rotation of the screw conveyor 9 is 5, the rotation of the rear separation unit 17B is 4, that is, the screw conveyor 9 rotates). The rotation speed of the rear separating portion 17B is lower than the rotation speed).

The separating cylinder drive motor 67, the drive sprocket 67, the roller chain 68, and the driven sprocket 65.
The separating rod rotating means 60 in the present embodiment is constituted by the adjusting rod 30 and the adjusting rod 30.

It should be noted that, if necessary, each fixed rod 25 is also provided between each fixed plate 26a, 26b and the movable plate 27 and between each fixed plate 26a, 26b and the plate 18A adjacent to the movable plate 27. The disc spring 22A may be provided.

The numbers of the fixed rods 25 and the adjusting rods 30 can be increased or decreased as necessary, and are not limited to the numbers in this embodiment.

Further, the intermediate separating section 1 in the present embodiment
7Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb have the same disc spring 22.
A and the plate 18A are arranged, but the middle separating portion 17B
A plate (not shown) having a different thickness and a disc spring (not shown) having a different amount of expansion and contraction in the axial direction may be provided in each of a and the rear separating portion 17Bb, either alone or in combination, and is particularly limited to the configuration of this embodiment. It is not something that will be done. Incidentally, the middle separating portion 17Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb
When the disc springs having different expansion and contraction amounts in the axial direction are respectively arranged, the axial expansion and contraction amount of the disc springs arranged in the middle separation portion 17Ba is determined by the disc springs arranged in the rear separation portion 17Bb. Is preferably larger than the amount of expansion and contraction in the axial direction.

In addition, the rear separating portion 17B according to the present embodiment.
Is divided into two parts, the middle separation part 17Ba and the rear separation part 17Bb, by one movable plate 27. However, even if two or more movable plates 27 are arranged and the rear separation part 17B is divided into three or more parts. Good.

2 and 8 with respect to the sub-separation cylinder 4B.
Also, a detailed description will be given with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a plate constituting the separating material of the sub separation cylinder, and FIG. 9 is a partially cut enlarged view showing a main part of the sub separation cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sub-separation cylinder 4B, which constitutes a part of the separation cylinder 4 in the present embodiment, is a member to be separated S.
Is smoothly supplied into the main separation cylinder 4A, and a so-called gravity separation zone for separating the separated object S by gravity is formed. The sub separation cylinder 4B has a separating member 36 formed in a square cylinder shape as a whole by stacking a plurality of plates 35 formed in a planar square frame shape. Similar to the plates 18 and 18A of the main separating cylinder 4A, the separating member 36 is made of a rigid material such as metal, and has a plate-like plate shape 35A formed in a flat rectangular frame shape as shown in FIG. 8A. And a plate 35B formed in the shape of a square frame in plan view shown in FIG. 8B are alternately laminated. Then, in one plate 35A shown in FIG. 8A, a total of 4 plates are formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction on the outer peripheries of both longitudinal ends of the upper and lower sides shown in FIG. 8A. A mounting hole 37 at a location is formed. Further, in the other plate 35B shown in FIG. 8 (b), a total of four mounting holes 38 are provided so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction on the outer periphery of the substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the four sides in FIG. 8 (b). Has been formed. That is, each plate 3 that constitutes the separation material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B.
5A and 35B are arranged such that the positions of the respective mounting holes 37 and 38 are different. Then, the respective mounting holes 37, 3 formed in the plates 35A, 35B
As shown in FIG. 9, 8 are fitted on the outer peripheral surfaces of eight sliding rods 39 (only a part of which are shown) so as to be movable in the axial direction. Further, the inner holes of the plates 35A and 35B are formed so as to communicate with the openings 40 (FIGS. 1 and 4) in the upper portion of the front separation portion 17A.

As shown in FIG. 9, each sliding rod 39 is provided with a desired gap GC for separating the object S to be separated between the plates 35A and 35B adjacent to each other. In order to form it, the disc spring 41 as a gap forming member similar to the main separating cylinder 4A is provided in the rear separating portion 17
Similar to B, between the mounting holes 37 and 38 of the two adjacent plates 35A and 35B of the same shape which are adjacent to each other,
In other words, every two adjacent plates 35 of the same shape that are adjacent to each other (more specifically, between the plates 35A and 35A and the plates 35B and 35B) are fitted so as to be axially movable.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end located on the main separating cylinder 4A side below the sliding rod 39 has both supporting members 7 arranged at both axial ends of the front separating portion 17A.
The main separation tube 4A of the sliding rod 39, which is attached to the upper surface of the flange portion 23 of a and 7b, is attached to the upper surface of the lower support plate 42 in the shape of a rectangular frame as a fixed plate, and is shown above in FIG. The upper end spaced apart from the above is fitted to the upper support plate 43 as a fixed plate arranged so as to face the lower support plate 42 with the separating member 36 interposed therebetween. A supply port 44 for supplying the separated body S to the inside is formed at a substantially central portion of the upper support plate 43.

As shown in FIG. 9, a male screw is formed on the upper end of the sliding rod 39 over a required length, and the tip of the male screw penetrates the upper support plate 43 in the plate thickness direction. Thus, the upper support plate 43 is arranged so as to project from the upper surface thereof. A nut 45 is screwed into the male screw formed on the upper end of the sliding rod 39 so as to be located on the upper surface side of the upper support plate 43. By rotating the nut 45, the upper support plate 43 is rotated. The distance L3 between the lower support plate 42 and the lower support plate 42 is changed so that the plate 3 of the sub separation tube 4B
The gap GC between the five can be absorbed (followed) by the elastic force of the disc spring 41 that expands and contracts in the axial direction.

The sliding rod 39 and the nut 45 constitute a fixed plate moving means 48 for axially moving the upper support plate 43 which is one fixed plate, and the lower support plate 42 and the upper support plate which are fixed plates. It is configured such that the gap GC of the sub separation cylinder 4B of the present embodiment can be adjusted by 43 and the fixed plate moving means 48.

In this embodiment, the gap GC of the sub separation cylinder 4B is formed to be wider than the gap GA of the front separation portion 17A (GC> GA).

That is, the sizes (sizes) of the gaps GA, GBa, GBb, GC of the screw press 1 in the present embodiment become smaller in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the separation target S in the transfer direction. Like (GC>GA> GB
a> GBb) is formed.

If necessary, a disc spring 41 is also provided on each sliding rod 39 between the lower support plate 42 and the upper support plate 43 and the plate 35 adjacent to the respective support plates 42, 43. It may be arranged.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the front separating portion 17
Between the upper surfaces of the flange portions 23 of both the support members 7a and 7b supporting A and the lower surface of the lower support plate 42, a substantially box-shaped removable sub-liquid receiver 47 having an upper opening is attached. Has been done. The sub liquid receiver 47 is for collecting the liquid component E that is dehydrated by the sub separation cylinder 4B and is discharged to the outside from the outer peripheral surface of the separation material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B and falls. An unillustrated discharge drain is arranged at the lowest portion of the bottom plate of the sub liquid receiver 47.
One end of a hose or pipe (not shown) for attaching the liquid component E dropped to the sub liquid receiver 47 to the main liquid receiver 3 or a recovery tank (not shown) is attached.

Next, the operation of the screw press 1 of the present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described.

According to the screw press 1 of the present embodiment, it is supplied into the separating material 36 of the sub separation tube 4B through the supply port 44 formed in the substantially central portion of the upper support plate 43 of the sub separation tube 4B. , The object S to be separated supplied to the inside of the separating material 36
When passing through the separation material 36 of the sub-separation tube 4B, is concentrated by the gap GC adjusted according to the type of the separated object S between the adjacent plates 35 of the separation material 36 which are adjacent to each other. It is gravity-separated and concentrated in the separation zone. Further, the liquid component E separated from the object S to be separated by the separating material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B passes from the inside of the separating material 36 toward the surface through the gap GC, and then from the outer peripheral surface of the separating material 36. After falling to the sub liquid receiver 47, it is sent to the main liquid receiver 3 or a recovery tank (not shown) via a drain (not shown). Then, the concentrated substance S to be separated
1 is gradually pressurized by the screw conveyor 9 while passing through the inside of the main separation cylinder 4A from the right side to the left side in FIG. 1 along the surface of the screw conveyor 9 (pressurizing movement).

Then, the object S to be separated is gradually pressurized when passing through the inside of the front separating portion 17A located on the supply side IS, and while passing through the inside of the front separating portion 17A, In the low pressure separation zone due to the gap GA adjusted according to the type of the object S to be separated between the plates 18 adjacent to each other constituting the separating material 19 of the front separating portion 17A, the liquid component E is changed by the volume change. Low pressure dehydration (low pressure separation).

Further, the low-pressure dehydrated material S to be separated is the middle separation portion 17Ba and the rear separation portion 17Bb located on the supply side IS of the rear separation portion 17B which rotates in the same direction as the screw conveyor 9 located on the discharge side OS. When passing through the inside of the plate in order, the separated object S is formed between the plates 18A which are adjacent to each other and which form the separating material 19A of the intermediate separating portion 17Ba.
In the medium pressure separation zone with the gap GBa adjusted according to the type, the liquid component E is subjected to medium pressure dehydration (medium pressure pressurization separation) by the volume change, and thereafter, the separation material 19A of the post separation unit 17Bb is mutually composed. The liquid E is subjected to high-pressure dehydration (high-pressure separation) by volume change in the high-pressure separation zone by the gap GBb adjusted according to the type of the separated object S between adjacent plates 18A, and is referred to as a dehydrated cake. After being guided to the discharge position by the guide ring 34, the dehydrated lump K is dropped to the upper surface of the discharge chute 6, and then,
It is stored in a storage container (not shown). Also, the main separation cylinder 4A
The liquid component E separated from the separated body S by the main separation cylinder 4
After passing from the inside of A toward the surface, the main separation cylinder 4A
From the outer peripheral surface to the main liquid receiver 3 arranged on the upper surface of the pedestal 2, it is then delivered to a recovery tank (not shown) or the like via a drain 5 for discharging.

According to the screw press 1 of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the separation cylinder rotating means 60 discharges the main separation cylinder 4A which is at least a part of the discharge side OS of the separation target S of the separation cylinder 4. Rear separation unit 17 located on the side OS
By rotating B in the same direction as the rotation direction of the screw press 1 with a speed difference, it is possible to reliably obtain a dehydration efficiency that greatly exceeds the dehydration efficiency of the object S to be separated by the conventional screw press.

That is, since the screw conveyor 9 can be rotated at a high speed to some extent, the object S to be separated can be satisfactorily caught in the screw conveyor 9, and the screw conveyor 9 and the separation cylinder 4 can be discharged. Side O
Since the speed difference between the rear separation unit 17B located at S and the separation unit 17B can be reduced, the separation target S is sufficiently compressed, and the liquid component E of the liquid can be efficiently dehydrated from the separation target S.

The dewatering efficiency that greatly exceeds the dewatering efficiency of the object S to be separated by the conventional screw press by the screw press 1 of this embodiment is the separation cylinder 4 of this embodiment.
When the rear separating section 17B is fixed so as to correspond to the conventional screw press and the screw conveyor 9 is rotated, and when the rear separating section 17B is rotated in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the screw conveyor 9. It could be confirmed by a comparison experiment comparing with.

Further, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment
According to this, even when the rotation speed of the screw conveyor 9 is increased to increase the supply amount of the separation target S, good dehydration efficiency can be maintained.

Further, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment
Is a main separation cylinder 4A and a sub separation cylinder 4 that constitute the separation cylinder 4.
Both of B can separate the separated body S, and the separated body can be separated according to the characteristics of various kinds of the separated body S such as the type and size of the solid constituting the separated body S. Each separation material 1 of the main separation cylinder 4A for separating S
Each gap of 9, 19Aa, 19Ab GA, GBa, GBb
Also, the gap GC of the separating material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B can be adjusted independently.

That is, the gaps GC, GA, GBa, GBb in the screw press 1 of the present embodiment are gradually narrowed from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the separation target S (GC> GA). >GBa> GBb) and can be adjusted according to the type and characteristics of the substance S to be separated.

Incidentally, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment
The adjustment of the gap GC of the sub separation cylinder 4B and the gaps GBa, GBb of the rear separation portion 17B of the main separation cylinder 4A in step 1) may be performed in advance according to the object S to be separated, or the screw press 1 may be operated. It may be adjusted in the open state, and can be selected depending on the usage situation.

Further, the sub-separation cylinder 4B of the screw press 1 of the present embodiment is used for gravity separation of the object S to be separated, and the separation material 36 is hardly clogged, so that the separation material 36 can be washed. It can be done easily. Even when clogging occurs, the distance L3 between the upper support plate 43 and the lower support plate 42 is set to the spring force of the disc spring 41 and the axial direction of the disc spring 41 by the fixed plate moving means 48. By increasing the expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount) to the upper support plate 43 without disassembling the sub separation cylinder 4B.
Since the plates 35 and the disc springs 41 located between the lower support plate 42 and the lower support plate 42 can be brought into separate states in which they can be moved in the axial direction while being supported by the sliding rod 39, When the separating material 36 is clogged, the cleaning can be easily performed, the cleaning workability can be reliably improved, and the labor and time required for the cleaning work can be reliably reduced.

Further, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment
The separating material 19 of the front separating portion 17A of the main separating cylinder 4A is used for the low pressure pressurization separation of the object S to be separated.
The separation material 36 can be easily washed. Further, even when clogging occurs, the plates 18 and the disc springs 22 constituting the separating member 19 can be easily attached and detached to be in a disjointed state, so that the separating member 19 of the front separating portion 17A is separated. Can be easily washed when it becomes clogged,
It is possible to surely improve the workability of cleaning and surely reduce the labor and time required for the cleaning work.

Further, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment
For cleaning the rear separating portion 17B of the main separating cylinder 4A, the nuts 32b screwed onto the adjusting rod 30 are rotated to move the movable plate 2
This can be easily performed by moving 7 in the axial direction. That is, when cleaning the separating material 19Aa of the middle separating portion 17Ba of the rear separating portion 17B, the movable plate 27 is moved to the discharge side OS, and the separation distance L2a is set to the spring force of the disc spring 22A and the axial direction of the disc spring 22A. The plate 18A and the disc spring 22A located between the fixed plate 26a and the movable plate 27 are fixed to the fixed rod without increasing the amount of expansion / contraction (deformation) to the fixed rod 26a without disassembling the rear separating portion 17B. Since it can be in a disjointed state in which it can be moved in the axial direction while being supported by 25, it is possible to easily perform cleaning when the separating material 19Aa of the middle separating portion 17Ba of the rear separating portion 17B is clogged. Therefore, it is possible to surely improve the workability of the cleaning and surely reduce the labor and time required for the cleaning work. Also, the rear separation unit 17
When the separating material 19Ab of the rear separating portion 17Bb of B is washed, the movable plate 27 is moved to the supply side IS and the separation distance L2 is set.
By increasing b so as to exceed the spring force of the disc spring 22A and the amount of expansion / contraction (deformation amount) of the disc spring 22A in the axial direction, the fixing plate 26 is not disassembled without disassembling the rear separating portion 17B.
Since the plates 18A and the disc springs 22A located between the b and the movable plate 27 can be separated in the axially movable state while being supported by the fixed rod 25, the rear separation part 17B is separated from the rear part. Separation material 19 of part 17Bb
It is possible to easily perform the cleaning when Ab is clogged, the cleaning workability can be reliably improved, and the labor and time required for the cleaning work can be reliably reduced. Further, when the movable plate 27 is moved, a part of the screw conveyor 9 surrounded by the rear separating section 17B can be exposed to the outside, and the screw conveyor 9 can be easily washed. Moreover, since the rear separation unit 17B is rotated, the number of shower nozzles for spraying water for cleaning can be reduced.

Therefore, in the screw press 1 of the present embodiment, unlike the conventional case, the separating material 36 of the auxiliary separating cylinder 4B and the separating materials 19, 19Aa of the main separating cylinder 4A,
19Ab can be easily washed, a great amount of labor and time required for washing can be surely reduced, and each of the gaps GC, GA, GBa, GBb can be adjusted (variable). So, one separation material 19,
19Aa, 19Ab, 36 can be optimized for a wide variety of objects S to be separated.

Further, the screw press 1 of the present embodiment
In the above, since the separation target S can be separated also in the sub-separation cylinder 4B, the efficiency of separation with respect to the separation target S can be improved, and the separation capacity can be more reliably improved.

Further, in the screw press 1 of the present embodiment, unlike the conventional case, the respective gaps GC, GA, GB are different.
a and GBb are gradually narrowed from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the separation target S (GC>GA> GBa).
> GBb), the substance S to be separated can be separated in multiple stages, and the separation ability for the substance S to be separated can be more reliably improved. The screw press 1 according to the present embodiment has a function of being able to separate the objects to be separated S in multiple stages, so that the screw press 1 according to the present embodiment can classify wheat or the like into a predetermined size in a beer factory, a flour mill, or the like. It is also possible to use it as the screw press 1 for classifying the substance S to be separated, which is made of a mixture of solids having different particle diameters. When the screw press 1 according to the present embodiment is used for classifying the separation target S,
The main liquid receiver 3 may be divided and provided for each of the separation units 17A, 17Ba, 17Bb. Furthermore, each gap GC, GA, G
Ba and GBb are GC ≧ GA ≧ GBa ≧ G as required.
It may be Bb.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but can be modified as necessary.

[0080]

As described above, according to the screw press of the present invention, at least a part of the separation cylinder on the discharge side of the separation cylinder has a speed difference in the same direction as the rotation direction of the screw conveyor by the separation cylinder rotating means. With a simple structure of rotating, the dehydration efficiency can be easily and surely improved, and the separated object can be satisfactorily bitten into the screw conveyor to improve the processing efficiency of the separated object. It has an extremely excellent effect of being able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cut front view showing a main part of an overall configuration of an example of an embodiment of a screw press to which a separation method according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a skeleton of a main part in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes the separating material of the front separating portion of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially cut front view showing the main part of the front separation part of FIG. 1 with the sub-separation cylinder omitted.

5 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes the separating material of the rear separating portion of FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a left side view showing the vicinity of a fixing plate located on the supply side in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway plan view showing the main part of the rear separation part of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes a separating material of the sub separation cylinder of FIG.

9 is a partially cut enlarged view showing a main part of the sub separation cylinder of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Screw Press 4 Separation Cylinder 4A Main Separation Cylinder 4B Sub Separation Cylinder 9 Screw Conveyor 17A Front Separation Part 17B Rear Separation Part 17Ba Middle Separation Part 17Bb (Rear Separation Part) Rear Separation Part 18, 18A ( Plate 19 of main separation cylinder 19A Separation material of main separation cylinder 21 Guide rod 22, 22A Disc spring 25 as gap forming member of main separation cylinder 25 Fixed rods 26a, 26b Fixed plate 27 Movable plate 30 Adjustment rod 35 Plate (of Sub Separation Cylinder) 36 Separation Material (of Sub Separation Cylinder) 39 Sliding Rod 41 Disc Spring (as Gap Forming Member of Sub Separation Cylinder) 46 Gap Adjusting Means (of Sub Separation Cylinder) 48 Fixed Plate Moving Means 60 Separation Cylinder Rotating Means E Liquid Component GA (between Plates of Front Separation Part of Main Separation Cylinder) Gap GB (between Plates of Rear Separation Part of Main Separation Cylinder) Ga (between the plates of the middle separating part of the rear separating part of the main separating cylinder) GBb (between the plates of the rear separating part of the rear separating part of the main separating cylinder) Gap (between the plates of the sub separating cylinder) K Lump L1 (distance between both supporting members of the front separating portion) L2 (distance between both fixing plates of the rear separating portion) L2a (fixed plate and movable plate of middle separating portion of the rear separating portion) L2b (between the fixed plate and the movable plate of the rear separation part of the rear separation part) L3 (between the upper support plate and the lower support plate of the auxiliary separation cylinder)
Separation distance S Separation target IS Supply side OS Discharge side

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A separation cylinder formed into a cylindrical shape as a whole for separating an object to be separated composed of a mixture of solid and liquid into solid and liquid, and a separation cylinder rotatably arranged inside the separation cylinder. A screw conveyor for pressure-transferring the object to be separated supplied in the axial direction of the separation cylinder, and at least a part of the discharge side of the object to be separated of the separation cylinder in the same direction as the rotation direction of the screw conveyor. A screw press, comprising: a separating cylinder rotating unit that rotates with a difference. 2. The screw press according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the separation cylinder is set lower than the rotation speed of the screw conveyor. 3. The separation cylinder comprises a separation material formed by stacking a plurality of plates, and a separation target made of a mixture of a solid and a liquid, between the two adjacent plates of the separation material. The screw press according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a gap forming member capable of forming a gap for separating into a liquid. 4. The screw press according to claim 3, wherein the gap forming member is an elastic body.