JPH09209963A - Pump for carrying solid matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively carry solid matter while preventing damage on the solid matter by branching fluid passages of an impeller to plurality, connecting them to discharge ports disposed at a constant interval, forming the impeller with a curved circular surface of which a circumferential length of it is set at a specific ratio to a circumferential length of the discharge port, and forming a scroll between that and a casing. SOLUTION: An inner diameter of a casing 6 is set to be larger than an outer diameter of an impeller 1, so that a scroll 7 of a specified interval can be formed to an outer circumference of the impeller 1. The impeller 1 has a suction port 4 at a center, and a discharge port 5 in an outer circumference, and they are connected to each other by a flow passage 2. This flow passage 2 is spirally curved, and it is two-branched at the suction port 4. Otherwise, it may be three-branched. The impeller 1 is formed with a circular surface 10 which is curved along its rotation track. A circumferential length A of this circumferential surface 10 is specified to be 0.5-2.5 to a circumferential length B of the discharge port 5. In this constitution, solid matter carried by liquid will not receive quick pressure change or speed change, but it is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a solid material transfer pump for transferring a solid material, such as fish, which is liable to be damaged, as a liquid carrier.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Transfer devices for fragile solids can be roughly classified into two types. The type that can transfer the solid material with the least damage is to depressurize the vacuum tank to suck the liquid and the solid material together, pressurize the vacuum tank, or transfer to the atmosphere with a hose. The transfer device of this structure is
Although the damage of the solid matter can be reduced, there is a drawback that the whole becomes considerably large and expensive, and it is difficult to increase the transfer efficiency. As a device capable of efficiently transferring a solid substance with a small pump, there is a type in which a liquid is accelerated by an impeller to be transferred and the solid substance is transferred together with the liquid.

A pump for transferring solids, which transfers liquid with an impeller, accelerates the liquid with a mechanically rotating impeller, and is therefore easily damaged when passing through solids. Impellers of various structures have been developed to reduce damage to solids. FIG. 1 shows a conventional impeller. The impeller 1 shown in these figures is provided with a flow path 2 that is branched into two or three so that liquid can be transferred in a well-balanced manner.

[0004]

In FIG. 1, the left is a cross-sectional view of the impeller 1 cut in parallel with the rotation axis, and the right is the impeller 1.
It shows a state in which is cut in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis.
The impeller 1 shown in this figure accelerates the liquid sucked from the suction port 4 in the flow path 2 and discharges it from the discharge port 5. Since the impeller 1 having this structure branches and transfers the liquid to the plurality of flow paths 2, the impeller 1 does not vibrate violently even if air is sucked together with the liquid. However, the pump for transferring solids of the impeller having this structure has a drawback that damage to the transferred solids cannot be reduced to an ideal state. The solid is
In the process of being sucked into the flow path 2 of the impeller 1, the damage is not so great. However, when discharged from the discharge port 5 to the scroll 7 of the casing 6 shown in FIG.
Most damaged. Here the solids are damaged
This is because the flow velocity and the pressure of the liquid locally greatly change at the boundary between the outer circumference of the impeller 1 and the scroll 7.

For example, the impeller 1 shown in FIG.
As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the flow velocity and the pressure change remarkably at the boundary of the fins 8 that partition the adjacent ejection ports 5. As shown in the figure, the front surface of the fin 8 has a positive pressure,
Negative pressure on the back. For this reason, as shown by the chain line, the solid material 9 located on both sides of the fin 8 or the solid material 9 transferred from the front surface of the fin 8 to the back surface thereof.
Is locally damaged due to a large pressure difference.

As shown in FIG. 3, damage to the solid matter can be reduced by using only one flow path 2 of the impeller 1. However, since the impeller 1 of this structure is designed to balance the flow path 2 with the liquid filled therein, when air is sucked together with the liquid, the pump vibrates violently, and the impeller bearings and Damage the rotating shaft. Therefore, it is necessary to use it so as not to inhale air. In actual use, it may be difficult to use without inhaling air. For example, this type of pump is often used
This is an application to suck fish caught by a net into a fishing boat, but since this application is used in the sea with waves, it may inhale air. For this reason, a pump that needs to eliminate the intake of air has a drawback that it is difficult to use. Furthermore, it is extremely important to suck a large amount of fish in a short time when sucking fish caught by a net. This is because the fish caught by the net are deep-fried before they become less fresh and soaked in cold water. It is important for all applications to be able to transfer solids efficiently, not only for sucking fish.

The present invention was developed to achieve such an object. An important object of the present invention is to provide a solid material transfer pump that can efficiently transfer a solid material with less damage.

[0008]

In the pump for transferring solid matter of the present invention, a rotating impeller 1 is arranged in a casing 6. The impeller 1 has a flow path 2 that accelerates and discharges the liquid sucked from the central suction port 4 to the outer discharge port 5. The rotating impeller 1 transfers the liquid, and the liquid is used as a carrier medium to transfer the solid matter.

Further, in the pump for transferring solid matter of the present invention, the impeller 1 and the casing 6 have the following unique structure. (A) The flow path 2 of the impeller 1 has a central suction port 4 branched into two or three and connected to a discharge port 5 opened on the outer circumference. (B) The discharge ports 5 are opened in the outer periphery of the impeller 1 at equal intervals in a balanced manner. (C) The impeller 1 has a circumferential surface 10 that curves along the circumferential direction between the discharge ports 5 opened on the outer circumference. (D) The circumferential surface 1 with respect to the circumferential length B of the discharge port 5
The circumferential length A of 0 is 0.5 to 2.5. However, the length A in the circumferential direction of the circumferential surface 10 is a value measured at the center of the discharge port 5, as shown by A in FIG. If the flow path 2 is circular, the circumferential surface 10 and the discharge port 5 may be different depending on the measurement site.
This is because the circumferential lengths of are different. (E) The impeller 1 is arranged in the center of the casing 6, and scrolls 7 having substantially equal intervals are provided between the outer circumference of the impeller 1 and the inner surface of the casing 6.

Further, the pump for transferring solids according to the present invention preferably uses the impeller 1 of a mixed flow type to transfer solids more efficiently.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the examples shown below exemplify pumps for transferring solids for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify pumps for transferring solids to the followings. .

Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as "the claims column" and "to solve the problems. It is added to the members shown in "Means column". However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

The solid material transfer pumps shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are mainly used for transferring easily damaged solid materials such as fish, fruits and processed foods. The pump for transferring solids shown in these drawings is provided in the casing 6 so that the impeller 1 can rotate.

The casing 6 has a circular watertight structure in which the impeller 1 is rotatably incorporated. Casing 6
Has a discharge pipe 11 connected tangentially to the outer periphery and a suction pipe 12 connected to the center. As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 5, the inner surface of the casing 6 approaches the tip end surface of the impeller 1 (the left surface of the impeller 1 in the drawing) and the back surface (the right surface of the impeller 1 in the drawing), and from this gap. Prevents liquid leakage. Further, the casing 6 shown in the figure has an opposing surface inclined so as to project toward the suction pipe 12 in the center so that the impeller 1 of the mixed flow type can be incorporated. However, the casing that contains the impeller that is not the tilt type is
Although not shown, the facing surface is a surface vertical to the rotating shaft 3.

Further, the casing 6 shown in FIG. 4 is designed to have an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the impeller 1 so that a scroll 7 having a constant interval can be formed between the casing 6 and the outer circumference of the impeller 1. The cross-sectional area of the scroll 7 is the suction pipe 12 and the suction port 4
And the cross-sectional area of the discharge pipe 11 are designed to be substantially equal. This is because the liquid passing through the suction pipe 12 and the suction port 4 passes through the scroll 7 and is discharged from the discharge pipe 11.

Further, the casing 6 shown in FIG. 5 has the bearing base 13 of the impeller 1 fixed to the right side surface. A bearing 14 having a watertight structure is fixed to the bearing base 13, and the bearing 14 supports the rotating shaft 3 of the impeller 1 so as to be rotatable. The rotating shaft 3 of the impeller 1 has a bearing 1
4 and is projected from the bearing base 13. The protrusion of the rotary shaft 3 is connected to a motor (not shown). The motor rotates the rotating shaft 3 to rotate the impeller 1.

The impeller 1 is made of metal and is manufactured by casting. It is also possible to manufacture by welding a metal plate instead of casting. As shown in the transverse cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, the impeller 1 has a suction port 4 at the center and a discharge port 5 at the outer periphery. The impeller 1 shown in the figure has two discharge ports 5 opened on the outer circumference. The suction port 4 and the discharge port 5 are connected by the flow path 2. Channel 2 is
It extends from the central suction port 4 to the outer discharge port 5. The flow path 2 is spirally curved so that the impeller 1 can be rotated to efficiently transfer the liquid. In the impeller 1 shown in the figure, the suction port 4 is branched into two through the flow path 2, but the impeller may be branched into three.

The branched flow path 2 is provided in the impeller 1 in a well-balanced manner. This is to prevent vibration of the rotating impeller 1. As shown in the figure, an impeller 1 having two discharge ports 5 is provided with a flow channel 2 whose center is point-symmetrical, and the tip of each flow channel 2 is connected to the discharge port 5. The branch passage of the flow passage 2, in other words, the branch passage of the flow passage 2 facing the suction port 1
5 is to prevent solids from hitting here and getting damaged.
As shown in FIG. 5, it has a curved surface.

The impeller 1, as shown in the sectional view of FIG.
A circumferential surface 10 that curves along the circumferential direction is provided between the discharge ports 5 that are open to the outer circumference. The circumferential surface 10 is a curved surface along the trajectory of rotation of the impeller 1. It is very important to provide the circumferential surface 10 having a constant length between the discharge ports 5 in order to reduce damage to the solid matter. Further, it is important to set the circumferential length A of the circumferential surface 10 with respect to the circumferential length B of the discharge port 5 within a certain range. This is to transfer solids efficiently with less damage.

In the impeller 1 shown in the figure, the central angle of the circumferential length A of the circumferential surface 10 is 110 degrees, and the central angle of the circumferential length B of the discharge port 5 is 70 degrees. This impeller 1
The circumferential length A of the circumferential surface 10 with respect to the circumferential length B of the discharge port 5, that is, A / B is 1.6. A
If / B is made small, in other words, if the length of the circumferential surface 10 is made short and the length of the discharge port 5 is made long, the solid matter is easily damaged. On the contrary, if A / B is increased, the length of the circumferential surface 10 is increased, and the length of the ejection port 5 is decreased, the transfer efficiency is reduced. A / B is 0.5-2.
5, preferably 0.8 to 2.3, more preferably 1.
When the impeller 1 is designed so as to have 2 to 2, it is possible to efficiently transfer the solid matter with less damage.

The A / B of the impeller 1 is designed to be an optimum value in consideration of the type of solid matter to be transferred, in other words, whether it is easily damaged. A pump for transporting live fish as a solid can be optimally designed by designing the A / B value to be about 1.6, preferably 1.3 to 2, as described above. For solids that are more susceptible to damage than live fish, the A / B is increased to reduce damage to the solids.

The cross-sectional area of the flow path 2 differs depending on the number of the discharge ports 5. In the impeller 1 having the two discharge ports 5, it is ideal that the cross-sectional area of the flow path 2 is half that of the suction port 4. The impeller 1 can flow the liquid sucked from the suction port 4 into the flow path 2 at the same speed. However, the cross-sectional area of the flow path 2 can be made substantially equal to that of the suction port 4. In addition, suction port 4
Is slightly smaller than 1/2 of, for example, 1 / of the suction port 4
It can be set to 3. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the flow path 2 is designed in the range of 1/3 to 1 of the cross-sectional area of the suction port 4.

In an impeller having three discharge ports, it is ideal that the cross-sectional area of the flow path is 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the suction port.
This is because the liquid can flow at the same flow velocity in the flow path and the suction port. However, also in this impeller, the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be set to 1/4 to 1 of the cross-sectional area of the suction port.

The pump shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 incorporates a mixed flow type impeller 1. In the mixed flow type impeller 1, as shown in FIG. 5, the flow path 2 is inclined with respect to the rotating shaft 3 from the suction port 4 toward the discharge port 5. The impeller which is not a mixed flow type can also be used for the pump for transferring solids of the present invention. In the impeller not of the mixed flow type, the flow path 2 is not tilted with respect to the rotation axis 3 as shown in FIG. 5, but is extended from the central suction port in the radial direction orthogonal to the rotation axis.
In the mixed flow type impeller 1, the liquid sucked from the suction port 4 passes through the inclined flow path 2 and is discharged to the discharge port 5, so that there is no sudden change in the direction of the liquid and the liquid is efficiently discharged. Can transfer solids. In the impeller 1 shown in the figure, the inclination angle α of the flow path 2 with respect to the rotating shaft 3 is about 45 degrees. The inclination angle α may be in the range of 30 to 60 degrees. When the inclination angle α is decreased, the liquid and solid transfer efficiency is improved, but the pump is lengthened. On the contrary, when the inclination angle α is increased, the transfer efficiency is lowered but the pump can be shortened.

Further, in the pump shown in FIG. 4, the impeller 1 is arranged at the center of the casing 6, and scrolls 7 having substantially equal intervals are provided between the outer circumference of the impeller 1 and the inner surface of the casing 6. There is. In a general pump, as shown in FIG. 6, the intervals of the scrolls 7 are different, and the portions where the discharge pipes 11 are connected are rapidly narrowed. With this shape, the solid matter collides with the tongue and is damaged. In order to prevent this adverse effect, in the pump of FIG. 5, the impeller 1 is arranged in the center of the casing 6 and the scroll 7 has the same cross-sectional area.

The solid material transfer pumps shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can transfer live fish using water as a carrier medium under the following conditions. If the damage to the fish is 2%, the concentration of solids relative to water is 5 to 15 wt%. The higher the solids concentration, the better the solids transfer efficiency, but the more damage. The total length of the fish to be transferred is about 2.5 of the diameter of the suction pipe 12.
Double or less. The longer the fish, the greater the damage. The rotation speed of the impeller 1 is not constant depending on the size of the pump, but is a maximum of 700 rpm for a pump in which the diameter of the suction port 4 is 200 mm. When the number of rotations is increased,
Transport efficiency improves, but damage increases. If the liquid transfer rate is too high, damage to the solid matter will increase. If it is slow, the transfer efficiency will be low. Therefore, the liquid transfer speed is set in the range of 1.5 to 4 m / sec.

[0027]

The pump for transferring solid matter of the present invention has an ideal feature that the damage of solid matter can be reduced and the solid matter can be efficiently transferred. This is because the pump for transferring solid matter of the present invention branched the flow path of the impeller from the central suction port into two or three and connected it to the discharge port on the outer circumference, and was opened on the outer circumference of the impeller. A circumferential surface that curves along the circumferential direction is provided between the discharge ports, and the circumferential length A of the circumferential surface with respect to the circumferential length B of the discharge port is designed in a specific range. Further, the impeller is arranged at the center of the casing, and scrolls having substantially equal intervals are provided between the outer circumference of the impeller and the inner surface of the casing.

In particular, in the pump of the present invention, a circumferential surface is provided on the outer circumference of the impeller, and the total length of this circumferential surface is set within the range specified for the discharge port. The circumferential surface having a specific length with respect to the discharge port does not have the sharp tip of the fin where the pressure suddenly changes, unlike the impeller of the conventional pump shown in FIG. In the impeller shown in FIG. 4, the areas having a pressure difference between the front surface and the back surface of the fin are considerably separated by the circumferential length A of the circumferential surface, and the solid matter is separated from the positive area on the front surface of the fin to the back surface of the fin. It does not extend over the minus area and is not transferred to this area in a short time. Therefore, the solid matter transferred as a liquid is not subjected to a sudden pressure change or speed change, and the damage resulting from this can be minimized.

Further, since the suction port of the impeller is branched into two or three and connected to the discharge port, the liquid can be balanced and efficiently transferred. By the way, the impeller that bifurcates the flow path could improve the transfer efficiency by about 20% as compared with the pump for transferring the solid matter in which the impeller has a single flow path. Further, since the branched flow paths transfer the liquid in a balanced manner, the balance will not be lost even if air is sucked.
Therefore, it has an advantage that it can be used very conveniently, safely and safely in applications where there is a possibility of inhaling air.

As described above, the pump for transferring solid matter according to the present invention realizes the ideal feature that the damage of the solid matter is reduced, the efficiency is high, and it can be safely used even in the application of inhaling air. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional impeller of a pump.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. 1 (2).

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an impeller of a conventional pump.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a pump for transferring solid matter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the solid material transfer pump shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional pump

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Impeller 2 ... Flow path 3 ... Rotating shaft 4 ... Suction port 5 ... Discharge port 6 ... Casing 7 ... Scroll 8 ... Fin 9 ... Solid matter 10 ... Circumferential surface 11 ... Discharge pipe 12 ... Suction pipe 13 ... Bearing stand 14 ... Bearing 15 ... Face of suction port

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotating impeller (1) is arranged in a casing (6), and this impeller (1) has a flow path (2) for accelerating and sucking the liquid sucked from the center to the outer periphery. In the pump configured to rotate the impeller (1) to transfer the liquid and to transfer the solid matter using the liquid as a carrier medium,
A pump for transferring solid matter, characterized in that (1) and the casing (6) have the following configurations. (A) The flow path (2) of the impeller (1) has two inlets (4) at the center.
Alternatively, it is branched into three and connected to the discharge port (5) opened on the outer circumference. (B) The discharge ports (5) are opened on the outer periphery of the impeller (1) in a balanced manner at equal intervals. (C) The impeller (1) has a circumferential surface (10) curved along the circumferential direction between the discharge ports (5) opened on the outer circumference. (D) Circumferential surface with respect to the circumferential length B of the discharge port (5)
The circumferential length A of (10) is 0.5 to 2.5. (E) The impeller (1) is arranged at the center of the casing (6), and there are scrolls (7) at substantially equal intervals between the outer circumference of the impeller (1) and the inner surface of the casing (6). It is provided. 2. The impeller (1) is a mixed flow type.
A pump for transferring solid matter described in.