JPH09209004A - Gear phase matching device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a worker to match gear phase independently of his visual observation and to simultaneously judge the forming defect of the gear. SOLUTION: A detecting mark G5 projectingly formed on the side surface of the gear G is detected by the irradiation of a laser beam from a laser sensor 76 while rotating the gear G by being supported on a standard seat 52 formed at the upper end of a rotary shaft 47 rotated by a servo motor 48, then the rotation of the rotary shaft 47 is stopped so that the detecting mark G5 becomes a prescribed position to execute the phase matching of the gear G. Further, the variation of distance from the side surface of the rotating gear G (i.e., the deflection of rotating surface of the gear G) is detected by the laser sensor 76 to judge the forming defect of the gear based on the degree of the variation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear phase aligning device for aligning a phase of a gear having a detection mark on its side surface in a predetermined direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Manufacturing processes of gears made of sintered metal include a powder compacting process of pressing metal powder into a gear shape, a sintering process of sintering a pressed material, and a sand blast of burrs of a sintered gear. It is provided with a deburring process for removing the burrs by sizing and a sizing press process for precisely finishing the dimensions of the gear with a die. When inserting the gear into the mold of the sizing press step, it is necessary to correctly match the phase of the gear with the mold, and therefore, conventionally, an operator visually confirms the mark provided on the gear. While doing the phase adjustment.

[0003]

However, if the worker performs phase alignment while checking the gear marks as in the conventional case, not only a lot of time and labor is required for the work, but also due to a mistake of the worker. There was a possibility that a phase shift would occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to reliably perform phase alignment of tooth portions of gears and to detect end face runout and phase defects due to defective molding of gears.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a gear phase aligning device for aligning a phase of a gear having a detection mark on a side surface with a predetermined direction. And a reference seat that rotates around a rotation axis by a drive source to support the gear coaxially with the rotation axis, and a side surface of the rotating gear that is irradiated with a laser beam to detect the detection mark and to detect the detection mark and the side surface of the gear. A laser sensor for detecting a distance is provided, and the phase of the gear is adjusted to a predetermined direction by controlling the operation of the drive source based on the detected detection mark, and further based on the detected relative distance of the gear. It is characterized in that the runout defect of the rotating surface is determined.

Further, in addition to the structure of claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 meshes with an elevating plate for supporting and elevating a gear whose phase is aligned with the predetermined direction, and a tooth portion of the ascending gear. A possible rack is provided, and the phase failure of the gear is determined based on the meshing state of the gear teeth and the rack.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 to 18 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a gear machining apparatus, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of a gear, and FIG. 3 is a line 3-3 in FIG. Sectional drawing, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part 4 of FIG. 1 showing the temporary positioning device, and FIG.
5 is a sectional view taken along line 5, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part 6 of FIG.
7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 6, FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of part 9 of FIG. 1 showing the first measuring device, and FIG. -10 line sectional view, FIG. 11 is 11 of FIG.
-11 line sectional view, FIG. 12 is a 12-12 line sectional view of FIG.
13 is an enlarged view of the 13th part of FIG. 1 showing the second measuring device, FIG.
4 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 of FIG. 13, and FIG.
5 direction arrow view, FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 of FIG.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the action, and FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of the action.

First, the shape of the gear G will be described with reference to FIGS. The gear G has a circular shaft hole G ₁ in the center and tooth portions G ₂ ... On the outer circumference, and further has a shaft hole G ₁
Are provided alternately with six lightening holes G ₃ and six upper and lower surface lightening recesses G _{4 ,} . A circular detection mark G ₅ that can be detected by a laser beam is provided on one surface of the six recessed concave portions G _{4 on} one side of the gear G. Lightening hole G ₃ ... and lightening concave portion G ₄ ...
The ring-shaped region G ₆ sandwiched between the tooth portion G ₂ and the tooth portion G ₂ is formed flat so as to reflect the laser beam.

Next, referring to FIG. 1, the accuracy of the gear G formed of sintered metal is measured to remove defective products, and a series of gear processing devices for supplying good products to the sizing press device are outlined. The configuration will be described. Gear processing equipment
A shot blasting device 1 for removing burrs of the gear G, a conveyor 2 for carrying the gear G from the shot blasting device 1, a robot 3 for gripping and carrying the gear G, and a robot 3 for carrying the gear G carried in by the conveyor 2. Of the temporary positioning device 4 for performing temporary positioning so that it can be gripped by the robot, and the runout of the rotating surface of the gear G carried in by the robot 3 from the temporary positioning device 4 (the runout of the ring-shaped region G ₆ of the gear G in the axial direction).
Is detected and the first measuring device 5 for adjusting the phase of the gear G based on the position of the detection mark G ₅ provided on the gear G, and the gear G paid out by the robot 3 from the first measuring device 5. The oil tank 6 to be immersed, the second measuring device 7 for detecting the phases of the tooth portions G ₂ of the gear G discharged by the robot 3 from the oil tank 6, and the press loader for discharging the gear G from the second measuring device 7. 8 and the gear G discharged from the second measuring device 7.
Sizing press device 9 for sizing, stock device 10 for stocking gear G determined to be defective in first measuring device 5 or second measuring device 7, and control device for controlling the operation of each device 11 and a control panel 12 which gives a command to each device.

Next, the structure of the temporary positioning device 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

Temporary positioning located at the downstream end of the conveyor 2
The device 4 is orthogonal to the conveyor 2 on the upper end of the base 16.
Equipped with a guide rod 17 and a guide plate 18
The guide rod 17 has a pair of gripping the gear G.
The chuck 19_L, 19_RIs slidably supported. one
Pair of chucks 19_L, 19_RTo the outer periphery of the gear G
V-shaped claw 19 that touches₁, 19₁Is formed. guide
The lever 21 is attached to the pivot 20 provided at the bottom of the rod 17.
The middle part is pivotally supported, and the upper end of the lever 21 has one end
Jack 19_RIs connected to the lower end of the lever 21
Is connected to the spring 22. Spring 22 is one
The chuck 19_RThe other chuck 19 _LMove away from
Bias in the direction. Bracket on one end of guide rod 17
Output rod 24 of cylinder 24 fixed via 23
₁Extends toward the other end of the guide rod 17,
The other end of the chuck 19_LConnected to. The other
The chuck 19_LCan come into contact with the lower end of the lever 21.
A pressing member 25 is provided.

Next, the structure of the robot 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.

The robot 3 has a first arm 31 rotatably supported about a vertical axis, a second arm 32 rotatably supported on a tip end of the first arm 31 about a vertical axis, and a second arm 32. The arm 32 is provided with a pair of clamp devices 34, 34 supported via a rotatable shaft 33 which can be raised and lowered. Both clamp devices 34, 34 have the same structure and are provided with a phase difference of 180 °.

Each clamp device 34 is a frame-shaped frame 3 supported by a lower end of a rotary shaft 33 via a bracket 35.
A slider 37 slidably supported inside the frame 36 is reciprocally driven by a cylinder 38. Guide rail 39 provided at the tip of frame 36
, A V-shaped claw 40 ₁ for gripping the tooth portion G ₂ of the gear G,
A pair of chucks 40, 40 having 40 ₁ are supported to be openable and closable. Then, the slider 37 and the chucks 40, 40
By connecting the rods 41 and 41 with each other, the pair of chucks 40 and 40 are driven to open and close as the cylinder 38 expands and contracts.

Next, the structure of the first measuring device 5 will be described with reference to FIGS.

The first measuring device 5 is a substrate 4 vertically erected.
5, the rotary shaft 47 is supported on the side surface of the substrate 45 via the support cylinder 46. A drive pulley 49 provided on a servo motor 48 supported by the substrate 45 and a driven pulley 50 provided on the lower end of the rotary shaft 47 are connected by an endless belt 51, and the rotary shaft 47 is rotated by the driving force of the servo motor 48. Driven. At the upper end of the rotating shaft 47, a reference seat 52 having a bottomed cylindrical shape with an open upper surface and a center pin 53 located at the center of the reference seat 52 are provided. Reference seat 52
Supports the lower surface of the gear G placed horizontally, and the center pin 53 fits into the shaft hole G _{1 of the} gear G.

A slide plate 57 supported by guide rails 55 of a bracket 54 provided on the base plate 45 via sliders 56, 56 is connected to a cylinder 58 and slides vertically. A rotary shaft 60 coaxial with the rotary shaft 47 is supported on the slide plate 57 via a support cylinder 59, and the bottom end of the rotary shaft 60 has a bottomed cylindrical shape facing the reference seat 52 and has a bottomed cylindrical shape. A pressing boss 61 is provided, and a rotary encoder 62 that detects the rotational position of the rotary shaft 60 is provided at the upper end of the rotary shaft 60. The pressing boss 61 contacts the upper surface of the gear G placed horizontally,
The gear G is pressed against the reference seat 52.

A first support plate 63 fixed to the upper portion of the substrate 45.
Two guide rails 64, 64 extending in the horizontal direction are laid on the guide rails 64, 64, and the first slide plate 66 is supported by the guide rails 64, 64 via slide guides 65. The first slide plate 66 is connected to a servo motor 67 provided on the first support plate 63 via a screw mechanism 68, and slides horizontally along the guide rails 64, 64. Two guide rails 70, 70 extending in the vertical direction are laid on a second support plate 69 fixed to the first slide plate 66, and a slide guide 71 is provided on the guide rails 70, 70.
The second slide plate 72 is supported via. The second slide plate 72 is a servo motor 73 provided on the second support plate 69.
To the guide rail 70,
It reciprocates in the vertical direction along 70. A bracket 75 provided on the second slide plate 72 supports a laser sensor 76 including a laser beam emitting device and a laser receiving device.

Therefore, when the servomotor 67 is driven, the position of the laser sensor 76 changes in the horizontal direction (that is, the radial direction of the gear G) so that the laser sensor 76 can detect the detection mark G ₅ of the gear G, or The ring-shaped area G ₆ of the gear G can be moved to a position where it can be detected.
When the servo motor 73 is driven, the laser sensor 7
6 moves in the vertical direction, and the positions of the laser sensor 76 and the upper surface of the gear G can be arbitrarily adjusted.

Next, the structure of the second measuring device 7 will be described with reference to FIGS.

The second measuring device 7 has slide guides 83 on guide rails 82, 82 laid on the upper surface of a horizontal base 81.
The slide table 85 is slidably supported via, and is reciprocally slid by being pressed by a pair of cylinders 84, 84 arranged to face each other. Slide table 85
On the upper surface of the, one support plate 86 and two columns 87, 8
A frame-shaped internal tooth rack support member 89 is supported via 8. The annular internal tooth rack 90 fixed to the central opening portion of the internal tooth rack supporting member 89 via the annular holder 80,
The toothed portion G ₂ of the gear G has internal teeth capable of meshing.

An elevating plate 93 is supported by two guide rails 91, 91 laid on the side surface of the supporting plate 86 via sliders 92. The elevating plate 93 has a bracket 94 on the upper surface of a slide table 85. It can be lifted up and down by being connected to a cylinder 95 that is supported via. A pair of half-moon shaped gear support plates 96, 96 are provided at the upper end of the elevating plate 93 so as to ascend and descend through the opening of the internal gear rack 90 while supporting the lower surface of the gear G. An elevating plate 99 is supported by two guide rails 97, 97 laid inside the two guide rails 91, 91 via sliders 98, and the elevating plate 99 is supported by a supporting plate 86. It can be moved up and down by being connected to the cylinder 100. At the upper end of the elevating plate 99, there are provided guide pin supporting members 101 which are located on both sides of the pair of half-moon shaped gear supporting plates 96, 96 and which can move up and down through the opening of the internal tooth rack 90. , Guide pins 102, 10 which can be fitted to two of the six lightening holes G ₃ of the gear G on the upper surface of the guide pin support member 101.
2 is projected upward.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

Deburring work using the shot blasting device 1
The gear G that has completed the process is temporarily positioned by the conveyor 2.
4, and a photoelectric sensor (not shown) detects the gear G
And the conveyor 2 stops. 4 and 5, the temporary position
The cylinder 24 of the positioning device 4 is driven to contract and the other chuck is moved.
Jack 19_LAlong the guide rod 17 in the direction of arrow a
Move and discharge the gear G on the conveyor 2 onto the guide plate 18.
I do. The other chuck 19_LIs a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow a
When moving, the chuck 19_LThe pressing member 25 integrated with
It moves in the direction of arrow b and contacts the lower end of the lever 21,
The bar 21 is rotated in the direction of arrow c. As a result, one
Chuck 19_RIs in the direction of arrow d along the guide rod 17.
To the other chuck 19_LGear G in collaboration with
Tooth part G _TwoAnd the guide plate 18 at the center of the gear G.
Position at the upper temporary positioning point e. At this time,
Ku 19_L, 19_RIs a V-shaped claw 19₁, 19₁And gear G
Since the diameter of the gear G is different,
Position the center correctly at the provisional positioning point e.
Can be.

After the gear G is provisionally positioned by the provisional positioning device 4 in this manner, the robot 3 is moved as shown in FIG.
When the slider 37 is pulled by the cylinder 38 of the one clamp device 34, the rods 41, 41 are attached to the slider 37.
The pair of chucks 40, 40 connected via the gears move in a direction in which they approach each other and grip the tooth portions G ₂ of the gear G.

The robot 3 grips the gear G and conveys it to the first measuring device 5. As shown in FIG. 10, the shaft hole G ₁ of the gripped gear G is fitted into the center pin 53 at the upper end of the rotary shaft 47. And the lower surface of the gear G is placed on the reference seat 52. Then, the cylinder 58 operates and the pressing boss 61 descends together with the rotating shaft 60, and the gear G is sandwiched between the lower surface of the pressing boss 61 and the upper surface of the reference seat 52. Then, when the servo motor 48 is operated, the rotary shaft 47 rotates via the drive pulley 49, the endless belt 51, and the driven pulley 50, and the gear G, the rotary shaft 60, and the rotary encoder 62 rotate together with the rotary shaft 47. .

In this state, the servo motor 67 moves the laser sensor 76 in the horizontal direction to position it above the rotational locus of the ring-shaped region G ₆ of the gear G, and the servo motor 73 moves the laser sensor 76 in the vertical direction. Then, the distance from the gear G is adjusted. Thus, the distance between the ring-shaped region G ₆ of the gear G and the laser sensor 67 (that is, the gear G
Fluctuation of the rotation surface of the gear G is measured according to the rotational position of the gear G detected by the rotary encoder 62, and if the fluctuation is less than or equal to a predetermined reference value, that is, the ring-shaped region G _{6 of the} gear G has a shaft hole. If it is perpendicular to the axis of G ₁ ,
The gear G is determined to be a good product.

On the other hand, if the variation of the distance due to the rotation of the gear G is larger than a predetermined reference value, that is, if the ring-shaped region G ₆ of the gear G is inclined by a predetermined angle or more with respect to the axis of the gear G. , The gear G is determined to be defective. The gear G that is determined to be defective in this way is again gripped by the clamp device 34 of the robot 3 and is then stocked by the stock device 10.
Will be stocked at the specified position. 4 for stock device 10
The gears G, in which the columns of the book are erected, and whose runout of the rotating surface is poor, are stacked and stocked so that the shaft holes G ₁ are fitted in the prescribed columns.

If the result of the above measurement is non-defective, the laser sensor 76 is moved by the servomotors 67 and 73 to be positioned a predetermined distance above the detection mark G ₅ of the gear G, and the position of the detection mark G ₅ is detected. Meanwhile, the rotation of the gear G is stopped by controlling the servo motor 48 so that the detection mark G ₅ has a preset predetermined phase. At this time, when the phase of the gear G cannot be correctly set due to defective molding or missing of the detection mark G ₅ , the gear G is determined to be a defective product, and the stock device 10 by the robot 3 is determined.
Will be stocked at the specified position.

As described above, since the phase of the gear G is determined by detecting the detection mark G ₅ by the laser sensor 76, the workability is improved as compared with the case where the operator visually determines the phase. In addition, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of a phase shift due to a mistake. Moreover, since the same laser sensor 76 can detect the wobbling of the rotating surface of the gear G and eliminate defective products, the cost can be reduced as compared with the case where separate laser sensors are used for phase matching and defective product detection. can do.

The gear G which has become a good product in the first measuring device 5 is gripped by the clamp device 34 of the robot 3 and immersed in the oil tank 6, and then conveyed to the second measuring device 7.

The slide table 85 of the second measuring device 7 is at a position separated from the sizing press device 9, and as shown in FIG. 14, the gear support plates 96, 96 are set at a position higher than the internal tooth rack 90 by the cylinder 95. Let it rise. First, the gear G is transferred from the clamp device 34 of the robot 3 onto the upper surfaces of the gear support plates 96, 96, and the phase of the gear G at this time is preset by the first measuring device 5 described above.

Subsequently, as is apparent from FIGS. 14 and 17, the guide pins 102, 102 are raised by the cylinder 100, and the guide pins 102, 102 of the six lightening holes G ₃ of the gear G are ... The two gears are fitted to each other and lifted from the upper surfaces of the gear support plates 96, 96, and the gear support plates 96, 96 are attached to the internal gear rack 90 by the cylinder 94.
Lower to lower position. Next, as shown in FIG. 18, when the guide pins 102, 102 are lowered together with the gear G in the cylinder 100, if the phase between the tooth portion G ₂ ... And the detection mark G _{5 of} the gear G is normal, the gear G Tooth part G ₂ ...
Correctly meshes with the internal tooth rack 90.

In this way, the tooth portion G of the gear G is_Two... are internal teeth
When the sensor (not shown) is turned on by meshing with the rack 90, the teeth
Tooth G of car G_TwoIt is determined that the phase of ... is normal, and the gear G
The slide table 85 of the second measuring device 7 supporting the
It moves toward the Ising press device 9. And press
The loader 8 grips the gear G on the slide table 85
Put into the sizing press machine 9
The position 9 is the tooth portion G of the gear G. _TwoPrecision finish 8 dimensions.

On the other hand, when the gear G is lowered from the state of FIG. 17 and the phase between the tooth portion G ₂ of the gear G and the detection mark G ₅ is not normal, the tooth portion G ₂ of the gear G has internal teeth. Rack 9
It does not mesh with 0 and the sensor does not turn on. In this case, further repeated once up and down of the gear G, still defective when the sensor is not turned ON there is a gap in the teeth G ₂ ... phase of the gear G (i.e., with respect to the detection mark G ₅ It is determined that the gear G is a defective product in which the phase of the tooth portion G ₂ ... Is not formed correctly, and the gear G is supported on the elevating plates 93, 93 and kept in a raised state. Then, when the next gear G is gripped by one clamp device 34 of the robot 3 and is input to the second measuring device 7, the defective gear G is gripped by the other clamp device 34 and the second measuring device 7 After the removal, the new gear G gripped by the one clamp device 34 is put into the second measuring device 7. Then, the defective gear G is conveyed toward the stock device 10 by the robot 3, and a shaft hole G _{1 is formed in} a predetermined column corresponding to the gear G having a phase defect.
Are stacked and stocked to fit.

In this way, the gear G, which has been phase-matched by the first measuring device 5, is moved up and down while maintaining the phase, and the meshing state between the tooth portion G ₂ ... And the inner tooth rack 90 is confirmed, and the tooth portion is checked. It is possible to determine that the gear G is correctly formed if G ₂ ... Is correctly meshed with the internal tooth rack 90, and thus the subsequent sizing press process can be performed without any hindrance.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, although the detection mark G ₅ is projected from the side surface of the gear G in the embodiment, it may be recessed in the side surface of the gear G. The present invention can also be applied to phase matching for purposes other than sizing.

[0040]

As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, while the gear supported on the reference seat is rotated around the rotation axis by the drive source, the laser beam is emitted by the laser sensor, and the side surface of the gear is rotated. Since the phase of the gear is aligned with the predetermined direction by detecting the detection mark provided at the position, it is possible to perform the phase alignment easily and surely as compared with the case where the operator visually performs the phase alignment. Moreover, since the laser sensor detects the relative distance to the side surface of the rotating gear to determine the runout defect of the rotating surface due to the gear forming defect, a common laser sensor is commonly used for phase alignment and forming defect determination. Cost can be reduced.

According to the invention described in claim 2,
A gear whose phase is aligned with the predetermined direction is supported by a lift plate and is moved up and down, and the tooth portion of the gear is meshed with the rack, so that the phase shift between the detection mark and the tooth portion due to defective molding of the gear is ensured. Can be determined.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a gear processing device.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the gear

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part 4 of FIG. 1 showing a temporary positioning device.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

6 is an enlarged view of part 6 of FIG. 1 showing a robot.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6;

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 6;

9 is an enlarged view of part 9 of FIG. 1 showing the first measuring device.

10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.

11 is a sectional view taken along line 11-11 of FIG.

12 is a sectional view taken along line 12-12 of FIG.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of part 13 of FIG. 1 showing a second measuring device.

14 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a view from the direction of arrow 15 in FIG.

16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 of FIG.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of operation

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of an operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

47 rotating shaft 48 servo motor (driving source) 52 reference seat 76 laser sensor 90 internal tooth rack (rack) 93 lifting plate G gear G ₂ tooth G ₅ detection mark

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Seiji Miki 1-13-1 Aoihigashi, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Hamamatsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A gear phase aligning device for aligning a phase of a gear (G) having a detection mark (G ₅ ) on a side surface in a predetermined direction, wherein a drive source (48) rotates around a rotary shaft (47). A reference seat (52) that rotates to support the gear (G) coaxially with the rotating shaft (47) and a side surface of the rotating gear (G) are irradiated with a laser beam to detect the detection mark (G ₅ ). And a laser sensor (76) for detecting the relative distance to the side surface of the gear (G), and controlling the operation of the drive source (48) based on the detected detection mark (G ₅ ). A phase aligning device for gears, characterized in that the phase of the gear (G) is aligned with a predetermined direction, and the runout defect of the rotating surface of the gear (G) is determined based on the detected relative distance. 2. A raising / lowering plate (93) for raising and lowering while supporting a gear (G) whose phase is aligned with the predetermined direction, and a rack (90) capable of meshing with a tooth portion (G ₂ ) of the raising and lowering gear (G). ) Is included, and the phase defect of the gear (G) is determined based on the meshing state of the tooth portion (G ₂ ) of the gear (G) and the rack (90). Gear phasing device.