JPH09208354A - Rapid composting by utilization of medium for promoting oxidation and degradation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for rapidly composting a raw material by the utilization of media for promoting the oxidation and degradation of the raw material, capable of promoting the oxidation, the degradation and the fermentation to shorten a composting period by dispersing and mixing the media for promoting the oxidation and the degradation with the raw material to be composted, continuously supplying oxygen or air into the mixture from the lower side and intermittently stirring the mixture. SOLUTION: The media for promoting the oxidation and the degradation of a raw material are made by binding a resin fiber-like material or plant stems into tortoise-shaped scrubbing brush-like articles, and have a height of approximately 50mm and diameters of approximately 30mm. When it is required to deodorize the composted product, a porous material (e.g. an artificial carbonization product) is used. The media having various kinds of shapes such as a cross shape and a spherical shape can be used. The four side surfaces and bottom surface of the composting tank shown in the figure are surrounded with concrete walls 1, and a longitudinally transferable stirrer 2 is disposed on the upper surface to till the raw material to be composted. The media 6 for promoting the oxidation and the decomposition are dispersed and mixed in an amount of >=20vol.%. Air-releasing nozzles 5 are disposed on an air-charging pipe 4, and the raw material is brought into contact with and oxidized with air or oxygen. A weight-selecting machine, etc., is used for removing the media for promoting the oxidation and the degradation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to human waste, sewer,
Sewage generated from various water treatment plants, feces from cows, chickens, pigs, etc.
In addition, the present invention relates to a technology for composting a composting raw material containing organic matter such as vegetable waste, tree leaves, and plant leaves such as trees by oxidizing, decomposing, and fermenting. The present invention relates to an early composting method using an oxidative / decomposition-promoting mediator that accelerates the period of composting by dispersing and mixing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sewage, sewerage, sewage generated from various water treatment plants, feces from cows, chickens, pigs, etc., and substances containing organic substances such as vegetable scraps, leaves, and plant leaves such as trees are oxidized, It is decomposed and fermented and returned to farmland as fertilizer.

In the conventional method for fertilization, the raw material to be composted is put into a composting tank and accumulated, and oxygen or air is continuously supplied from the lower part thereof, while it is intermittently or continuously supplied to a stirrer. Contact oxidation is carried out to promote the oxidation, decomposition and fermentation of the material to be composted, thereby composting.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional methods have a problem that it takes a long time to oxidize and decompose the material to be composted, and it takes a long time to compost.

In particular, when the material to be composted is livestock excrement or the like, the temperature is raised by decomposition heat during oxidation, so that the material to be composted becomes liquid semi-liquid and cannot be sufficiently oxidized, so that composting is difficult. There was a problem of becoming.

Further, when the raw material to be composted is oxidized and decomposed, an offensive odor such as ammonia or sulfide is generated. However, the offensive odor needs to be released into the air as it is or treated with a separate deodorizing facility.

The present invention was made in view of the above problems and was devised to solve the problems. The object of the present invention is to disperse an oxidation / decomposition promoting medium in a composting raw material. By mixing it, the period for composting is shortened,
In addition, when deodorization is required, a porous material is used as an oxidation / decomposition accelerating agent, so that the bad odor generated during composting can be adsorbed and deodorized. It is to provide a method of computerization.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention puts a composting raw material containing an organic substance in a composting tank and deposits it, and oxygen or air is continuously supplied from the lower part thereof. While supplying, in the composting method for performing composting by performing contact oxidation with an agitator intermittently or continuously,
At least 20% by volume of an oxidative / decomposition promoting agent is dispersed and mixed in the raw material for composting, and the oxidized / oxidized mixture is mixed.
The decomposition promoting agent improves the air permeability of the material to be composted and increases the oxidation contact area to create an environment in which the active areas of oxidation, decomposition and degrading bacteria can easily grow, and promotes early oxidation, decomposition and fermentation. At the very least, it consists of means designed to accelerate the period for composting.

Here, it is preferable to use a porous material as a medium for promoting oxidation / decomposition so as to adsorb and deodorize a bad odor generated during composting.

[0010]

[Operation] Oxygen or air is supplied from the lower part of the sediment layer of the composted material in which at least 20% of the oxidative / decomposition-promoting medium is dispersed and mixed, and if an environment of appropriate temperature and appropriate stirring is provided, the oxidative / decomposition is dispersed and mixed. Due to the function of the facilitating medium, the air permeability of the material to be composted is improved, the oxidation contact area is increased, and the oxidation or decomposition gas is aerated and the decomposition bacteria are propagated to accelerate early oxidation, decomposition, and fermentation. It has the effect of accelerating the period to change.

When deodorization is required, a porous material is used as an oxidative / decomposition-promoting medium, and the adsorbing action of the porous medium causes the ammonia-based and sulfide-based substances generated during the oxidation and decomposition of the raw material for composting. Malodorous substances in the system are also adsorbed, and the deodorizing effect is increased.

After the product is matured, the oxidative / decomposition promoting medium is separated and decomposed from the composted product by, for example, trommel.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. Here, FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (F) are shape diagrams of an oxidation / decomposition promoting medium made of a non-porous material, and FIGS. 2 (A) to 2 (C) are oxidation / decomposition promoting substances made of a porous material. Figure of shape of medium, Figure 3
Is a schematic side sectional view of the present invention verification test device, and FIG. 4 is a schematic front sectional view of the present invention verification test device.

FIGS. 1A to 1F show the shape of each oxidative / decomposition promoting medium 6 used when deodorization is not required, and the material thereof is non-porous. Material is used. There are natural minerals other than the following as non-porous materials.

Of these, the oxidative / degradation promoting medium 6 in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B) is a resin filament or a bundle of plant stems. The oxidative / degradation promoting agent 6 in FIG. 1 (A) is a resin-based filamentous or plant tree stem bundled in the shape of a tortoise scrubber, the size of which is about 50 mm in height and about 30 mm in diameter. Is. The oxidative / degradation promoting medium 6 in FIG. 1 (B) is a resin-based filamentous or plant tree stem bundled in a chestnut shape, and its spherical system has a diameter of about 40 mm.

The material of the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D is made of artificial ceramics.
The oxidization / decomposition promoting medium 6 in FIG. 1 (C) is made of artificial ceramic material in the shape of a thick cross, and the size of the cross is about 50 mm and the cross is about 50 mm. Has a length of about 50 mm and a cross-shaped thickness of about 20 mm. The oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 in FIG. 1 (D) is made of an artificial ceramic material in the shape of a gear. The size of the gear is about 60 mm, and the length of the gear is about 60 mm. The gear has a diameter of about 50 mm, and a hole having a diameter of about 20 mm is formed in the center of the gear in the length direction.

The oxidizing / decomposing promoting medium 6 shown in FIGS. 1 (E) and 1 (F) is made of a material in which molten slag is bonded with a curing agent. Oxidation / degradation promoting medium 6 in FIG. 1 (E)
Is a molten slag bonded in a spherical shape with a curing agent,
The size is such that the diameter of the sphere is about 30 mm. FIG.
The oxidization / decomposition promoting medium 6 of (F) is formed by combining molten slag in a plate shape with a curing agent, and its size is about 30 mm in width, about 50 mm in length, and about 10 mm in thickness. is there.

2A to 2C show the shape of each oxidative / decomposition promoting medium 6 used when deodorization is required, and the material thereof is a porous material. Is used. In addition to the following, activated carbon and artificial carbide are also available as porous materials.

Of these, the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 in FIG. 2 (A) is formed by combining charcoal scraps in a spherical shape with a hardening agent, and the size thereof is about 30 mm in diameter, The gap is about 0.5 to 2 mm.

The material for the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C is made of zeolite. FIG.
The oxidization / degradation promoting medium 6 in (B) is formed by spherically forming a zeolite-based material, and the size is such that the diameter of the sphere is about 30 mm and the gap is about 20 μ to 0.5 μm.
mm. Oxidation / degradation promoting agent 6 in FIG. 2 (C)
Is a zeolite-based material formed in the shape of polygonal grooves, and its size is about 50 mm in diameter and about 30 mm in length, and the gap is about 20 μ to 0.5 mm.

Then, the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 having a shape and coarse formation as shown in FIG. 1 or 2 is placed in a composting tank as shown in FIGS. Raw material 3
At least 20% by volume is dispersed and mixed into the inside, and oxygen or air is continuously supplied from the lower part, while intermittent or continuous catalytic oxidation is carried out with a stirrer for early composting. .

The composting tank as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the four side surfaces and the bottom surface are surrounded by the concrete wall 1 and the upper surface is opened. Two agitators 2 are arranged side by side so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction.

Each stirrer 2 is mounted downward, and the stirrer 2 is continuously or intermittently cultivated, and the composting raw material 3 and the composted fertilizer 3 accumulated inside the concrete wall 1 are accumulated. The oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 in which at least 20% is dispersed and mixed in the chemical conversion raw material 3 is stirred, and contact oxidation with the air or oxygen supplied from the air discharge nozzle 5 is performed.

An air introducing pipe 4 is provided at the bottom of the raw material 3 to be composted, and an air discharging nozzle 5 is branched and attached to the air introducing pipe 4. Each of the air discharge nozzles 5 is arranged at the bottom portion at equal intervals in the width direction and the longitudinal direction, and air or oxygen can be continuously supplied from the bottom portion to the deposited composting raw material 3.

By dispersing and mixing at least 20% by volume of the oxidization / decomposition promoting medium 6 in the composting raw material 3, the ventilation degree in the piled state of the composting raw material 3 is improved and the oxidation contact area is increased. To increase. Further, the air permeability and the oxidation contact area of the composting raw material 3 having a high flow viscosity due to heat and having a high density are increased. Then, it creates an environment in which the activity area of the degrading bacteria easily grows.

The mixing volume of the oxidative / decomposition promoting medium 6 is at least 20% with respect to the raw material 3 to be composted if it is difficult to be decomposed by heat of decomposition, and at least 30% if it is viscous. Will be needed.

When deodorization is required, by using a porous material as the material of the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 dispersed and mixed in the composting raw material 3, the adsorption of the porous medium causes Ammonia-based and sulfide-based malodorous substances contained in the decomposition gas 7 generated during the oxidation and decomposition of the composting raw material 3 are also adsorbed, and the deodorizing effect is increased.

By the function of the oxidation / degradation promoting medium 6,
After the material 3 to be composted is converted into the compost early, it is necessary to separate and remove the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 from the compost product. In this case, for example, trommel, gravity sorter, wind sorter, etc. Machines are used. Further, when the separated / removed oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 6 is reused, a washing device or the like for washing this is required, and for example, high-pressure washing water, an autoclave, a carbonization regenerator or the like is used.

[0029]

EXAMPLE Two kinds of raw materials shown in Table 1 were tested in the demonstration plant shown in FIGS. Table 1 shows the results.

[0030]

[Table 1]

Example 1 A case where dehydrated urine wastewater 73% was used as a raw material, dry matter water content was 27%, and the shape of the type of oxidation / degradation promoting medium of 20% was mixed, The number of days from raw material without oxidization / decomposition promoting medium to full maturity was compared. The air supply rate was 0.8 m ³ per minute per square meter of the tank, and the rotary agitation was fixed every 6 hours for comparison. The result was 119 days vs. 43 days, about 1
/ 3 days effect was obtained.

[Example 2] Using 89% water content of chicken manure as a raw material, decomposition and fermentation up to 30% water content of dry matter were compared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 above, and the effect was confirmed. The oxidative / decomposition promoting medium has the shape of the type shown in FIG.
Mixed. The result was shortened to about 1/2 period from 159 days to 87 days, and the deodorizing effect was primary oxidation and the decomposition time was about 2 weeks.
Maximum ammonia decreased from 890ppm to 120ppm,
Hydrogen sulfide was also reduced from 38 ppm to 6 ppm, and a significant deodorizing effect was obtained.

Without the above-mentioned mediator during decomposition, the maximum object temperature reached 89 ° C., the viscosity and the fluidization density increased, and the oxidation and decomposition were adversely affected. With the medium, the maximum temperature was 68 ° C, and the viscosity became slightly large, but the difference was clearly shown.

After being dried, the oxidative / decomposition promoting medium was separated from the compost product by a trommel apparatus (not shown).

[0035]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the method for early composting using the oxidative / decomposition promoting medium according to the present invention, the viscosity is particularly high at high water content and at 60 to 80 ° C. In the case of early composting of the material to be composted, the conventional method of oxidizing the material to be composted is promoted to promote the early oxidation and aeration problems that help decomposition and the creation of a good environment for the growth activity area of decomposing bacteria. -By incorporating at least 20% of the decomposition accelerating agent, it is possible to significantly shorten the schedule.

When deodorization is required, the use of a porous material as an oxidation / decomposition promoting medium makes it possible to adsorb and deodorize a bad odor generated during composting, resulting in a significant reduction in schedule and deodorizing effect. It also has an extremely new and beneficial effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (A) to 1 (F) are shape diagrams of an oxidation / degradation promoting medium made of a non-porous material showing an embodiment of the present invention.

2 (A) to (C) are shape diagrams of an oxidation / decomposition promoting medium made of a porous material, showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of a verification test apparatus of the present invention showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front sectional view of a verification test apparatus of the present invention showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wall 2 Stirrer 3 Raw material for composting 4 Air introduction pipe 5 Air discharge nozzle 6 Oxidation / decomposition promoting medium 7 Decomposition gas

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A material to be composted containing an organic matter is placed in a composting tank to be deposited, and oxygen or air is continuously supplied from the lower part thereof, while intermittent or continuous catalytic oxidation is carried out by a stirrer. In the method for composting by carrying out composting, at least 20% by volume of the composting raw material is oxidized and
Disperse and mix the decomposition promoting mediator, and improve the air permeability of the raw material to be composted and increase the oxidation contact area by the oxidation and decomposition promoting media that are dispersed and mixed. An early composting method using an oxidative / decomposition-promoting medium, characterized in that an easy-to-use environment is created, and early oxidation, decomposition, and fermentation are smoothed to accelerate the period for composting. 2. An early composting process using an oxidation / decomposition promoting medium according to claim 1, wherein a porous material is used as the oxidation / decomposition promoting medium so that a malodor generated during composting is adsorbed and deodorized. Method.