JPH09205750A - Armature winding pattern for rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the overlapping of crossovers connecting poles to each other in the axial direction as much as possible by constituting three three-phase four-pole parallel circuits so that specific two poles can be constituted only of specific coils and the other two poles only of the coils of specific parallel circuits. SOLUTION: In order to reduce the number of crossovers and the number of crossovers overlapping each other in the axial direction, four poles are constituted of three parallel circuits. The parallel circuit 84 is connected in series with poles P3 and P4 through crossovers 89 by winding the crossovers 89 around the poles P3 and P4 by four turns each and the parallel circuit 85 is connected in series with poles P2 and P3 through crossovers 90 by respectively winding the crossovers 90 by six and two turns around the poles P2 and P3. The parallel circuit 86 is connected in series with poles P1 and P4 through crossovers 91 by respectively turning the crossovers 91 around the poles P1 and P4 by six and two turns. Therefore, the crossovers 89 of the circuit 84 become the two which connect the poles P3 and P4 and the crossovers of the circuit 85 become the two which connect the poles P2 and P3. The crossovers 91 of the circuit 86 become the two which connect the poles P1 and P4. The lead wires of the crossovers 91 and 89 are selected so as to prevent the crossovers 91 and 89 from overlapping each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an armature winding pattern of a rotary electric machine, and more particularly to a 3-phase, 4-pole, 3-phase
The present invention relates to a parallel circuit and an armature winding pattern of a rotary electric machine that is a two-layer superposed winding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotating electric machine comprises a stator and a rotor. For example, in the case of a synchronous machine, it rotates at 1500 rpm if it has a four-pole structure with a frequency of 50 Hz. The stator core is composed of a multi-layered thin plate, and a plurality of slots for winding armature windings are provided on the inner peripheral side of the stator. In the generator, it is desirable that the waveform of the induced voltage is a perfect sine wave.
For this purpose, the magnetic flux density distribution in the gap must have a sinusoidal waveform. When the armature windings are concentrated windings, the magnetic flux density distribution becomes a square wave, which is significantly different from the sine wave distribution. Therefore, the armature winding is distributed winding.

When the coil sides of a certain coil are electrically separated by 180 degrees, the winding is called a full-pitch winding and is electrically 1
If it is 80 degrees or less, it is called short-pitch winding. In order to make the magnetic flux density distribution closer to a sine waveform, the armature winding is made into short windings. The reason is that if the ratio of the coil pitch and the magnetic pole pitch is β, in the case of a three-phase machine, β = 5/6 normally.
As to reduce the fifth and seventh harmonics, which are dominant among the harmonics.

In the case of a turbine generator, the thermal power is 2
Most of them are pole machines, but in nuclear power, there are many 4-pole machines because of the prime mover. Generally, the armature winding of a turbine generator is Y-connected, and the number of parallel circuits is a divisor of the number of poles. For example, in the case of a 4-pole machine, the number of parallel circuits is 4 or 2,1. This is because when the number of parallel circuits is a divisor of the number of poles, the parallel circuits can be electrically arranged in exactly the same manner, and therefore the voltages between the circuits can be balanced.

When increasing the capacity of the generator, since the power factor is almost the same, it is necessary to increase the product of the voltage and current of the generator. In a small-capacity machine, coils of each phase are connected in series in order to obtain a high voltage, but in a large-capacity machine, it is general to use two or four parallel circuits due to problems such as insulation.

However, depending on the capacity, the number of parallel circuits may not be divisible by the number of poles. At this time, the induced voltage in each parallel circuit becomes unbalanced, and a circulating current flows between the parallel circuits. Therefore, in order to solve such problems,
As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-6683, a winding method has been proposed for changing the pitch of each coil to reduce the magnitude of voltage and the phase imbalance between parallel circuits.

[0007]

In a nuclear power turbine generator, a three-phase, four-pole, four-parallel circuit, and two-layer lap winding are generally used. There are 12 bushings on each side, with 6 bushings on each side, and terminal boxes on both sides.
On the other hand, when the number of parallel circuits is 3, the crossovers are exposed on one side. Along with this, there is an advantage that six bushings may be arranged on one side and the terminal box may be arranged on one side.

However, when the number of parallel circuits is 3, some problems occur compared with the case of 4 parallel circuits. The problem that arises will be described when the number of stator slots is 72. Number of slots per pole per phase NSPP = (number of stator slots) / (number of phases × number of poles) Therefore, in this case NSPP =
6. Therefore, one pole is composed of six upper coils and six bottom coils.

The number of coils per parallel circuit NSP
Since C = (number of stator slots) / (number of phases × number of parallel circuits), NSPC = 6 for four parallel circuits and NSPC = 8 for three parallel circuits.

For this reason, in the case of four parallel circuits, one parallel circuit only needs to form one pole, whereas in the case of three parallel circuits, one parallel circuit extends over a plurality of poles and connects between the poles. You will need a crossover. The total number of crossovers is 24 (12 in 4 parallel circuits), but the axial length of the stator is lengthened by the amount of these crossovers overlapping in the axial direction.

When the coils of each phase are divided into three parallel circuits, the three parallel circuits occupy different electrical positions with respect to the magnetic poles, so that the induced voltage of each parallel circuit has a phase and a magnitude. different. Therefore, there is a circulating current between the parallel circuits, resulting in localized heating and extra losses.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a crossover wire connecting poles as much as possible in the axial direction in an armature winding of a rotary electric machine which is a three-phase, four-pole, three-parallel circuit, two-layer lap winding. It is to provide an armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine that reduces the axial length of the rotating electric machine.

A second object of the present invention is to minimize the unbalance rate of the voltage induced in the three parallel circuits, reduce the circulating current between the three parallel circuits, and prevent local heating and extra loss. An object of the present invention is to provide an armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine that suppresses the power generation efficiency.

A third object of the present invention is to provide an armature winding pattern for a rotating electric machine which reduces the number of crossover wires and minimizes voltage imbalance.

[0015]

In order to achieve the first object, the coils forming the three parallel circuits A, B and C have four
When forming the poles P1, P2, P3 and P4, the P1 pole is composed of only the coil of the parallel circuit A, the P2 pole is composed of only the coil of the parallel circuit B, and the P3 pole is composed of the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit C.
This is achieved by using only the coil of the parallel circuit B and the coil of the parallel circuit C for the P4 pole adjacent to the P3 pole.

In order to achieve the second object, when the number of stator slots is 72, a coil of 8 turns forming 3 parallel circuits A, B and C has 4 poles P1, P2, P3. P
4 has a configuration in which the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit B are electrically arranged exactly the same, and the bottom coil side and the upper coil side of the four poles P1, P2, P3 and P4 are arranged in pole center symmetry, and the pole P
2nd and 4th from the pole center side of 1, P2, P3, P4
This is achieved by forming the second coil side, or the second and sixth coil sides from the parallel circuits A and B, and the other coil sides from the parallel circuits A, B and C.

In order to achieve the third object, when the number of stator slots is 72, a coil of 8 turns forming 3 parallel circuits A, B, C has 4 poles P1, P2, P3. P
4 has a configuration in which the bottom coil side and the top coil side of the four poles P1, P2, P3, P4 are arranged symmetrically about the pole center, and the pole P
2nd and 4th from the pole center side of 1, P2, P3, P4
The second or sixth coil side is composed of the parallel circuits A and B, and the other coil sides are composed of the parallel circuits A, B and C, and the P1 pole and the P2 pole are parallel circuit A or parallel. Six turns are arranged from the circuit B, and the parallel circuit C and the parallel circuit B are provided on the P3 pole and the P4 pole adjacent to the P3 pole.
Alternatively, it is achieved by arranging 4 turns and 2 turns from the parallel circuit C and the parallel circuit A, respectively.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.

Embodiment of [Claims 1 and 2] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the distribution of the number of turns when forming 4 poles in a 3 parallel circuit. The distribution of the number of turns when forming 4 poles with 3 parallel circuits when not performing is shown. Rotating electric machine armature winding has 3 phases, 4
In the case of poles, three parallel circuits, and two-layer lap winding, the number of stator slots is a common multiple of 4 (number of poles) and 9 (number of phases × number of parallel circuits), and is 36, 72, 108 ,. Here, a case where the number of stator slots is 72 will be described. In this case, the number of slots NSPP of each pole and each phase is as follows.

NSPP = number of stator slots / number of phases × number of poles = 72/3 × 4 = 6 (1) Further, the number of slots NSPC per parallel circuit is as follows.

NSPC = number of stator slots / number of phases × number of parallel circuits = 72/3 × 3 = 8 (2) In the figure, P1, P2, P3 and P4 are, for example, N poles and S
The polarities are different, such as pole, N pole, and S pole.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the armature winding of the rotary electric machine according to the present invention for two-layer winding. The armature windings 73 and 74 are housed in slots 76 provided in the armature core 75 and fixed by wedges 77. As shown in the figure, the armature windings 73 and 74 are in two layers, the stator outer diameter side coil 73 is the bottom coil side (hereinafter, bottom coil), and the stator inner diameter side coil 74 is the upper coil side. (Hereinafter referred to as the upper coil). From the equation (2), when the number of stator slots is 72, N
Since SPC = 8, three parallel circuits 84, 85, 8
6 is formed by connecting eight upper coils and eight bottom coils in series per parallel circuit.

Since the number of slots per pole and phase NSPP = 6 according to the equation (1), one pole is formed by six upper coils and six bottom coils. Therefore, one parallel circuit has 2
It will span more than one pole. Upper coil 74 in parallel circuit
8 and the bottom coil 73 are connected in series,
When the parallel circuit extends over many poles, the number of crossovers increases.
In FIG. 2, the parallel circuit 84 has the P1, P2, P3, and P poles.
The parallel circuit 85 straddles four poles, the P2 pole, the P3 pole, and the P4 pole, and the parallel circuit 86 straddles the P1, P3, and P4 poles.

Further, there are four crossover wires 89 connecting the poles of the parallel circuit 84, three crossover wires 90 of the parallel circuit 85, and three crossover wires 91 of the parallel circuit 86, for a total of 10 in the axial direction. Up to four are overlapped (the crossover on the lead side is not shown). Therefore, in order to reduce the number of crossover wires and the number of crossover wires that overlap in the axial direction, four parallel circuits are used, as shown in FIG.
Make up the poles. When one parallel circuit extends over two poles, the number of crossovers is minimized.
The pole and P4 poles are connected in series with the crossover line 89 in four turns each, the parallel circuit 85 is connected in series with the crossover line 90 by 6 turns in the P2 pole and two turns in the P3 pole, and the parallel circuit 86 is connected in series with the Pline.
6 turns for 1 pole and 2 turns for P4 pole are connected in series by a crossover 91.

Therefore, the crossover 89 of the parallel circuit 84 is P
The connecting line 90 of the parallel circuit 85 is two connecting the 3 poles and the P4 poles, and the connecting line 90 of the parallel circuit 85 is the two connecting the P2 poles and the P3 pole.
There are two connecting wires 91 connecting the P1 pole and the P4 pole,
Here, the crossover lines 91 and 89 are selected so that the crossover lines do not overlap, and the crossover lines 90 and 89 are selected so that the crossover lines do not overlap. Therefore, crossovers 89, 90, 9 per phase
The number 1 is 2 in the axial direction and 6 in the 3 phase, and the axial length can be shortened (the connecting wire on the lead-out side is not shown).

[Claim 3] Embodiment FIG. 4 shows an arrangement diagram of armature windings in which a voltage unbalance ratio is a minimum in a three-parallel circuit showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of the armature winding of FIG. 4 for each pole.
4 and 5, the stator slot number NS = 72 is assumed, and the number of slots for one phase is 24, that is, the upper coil 24.
One phase is made up of a book and 24 bottom coils. Also, 1 to 72
Indicates the slot number.

As described above, in order to reduce the fifth and seventh harmonics, which are dominant among the higher harmonics, generally, the short pitch winding of the ratio β = 5/6 of the coil pitch and the magnetic pole pitch is adopted. Therefore, here, the upper coil 92 housed in the slots 61 to 66 and the bottom coil 99 housed in the slots 4 to 9 form the P1 pole, and the upper coil 95 housed in the slots 7 to 12 and the slots 22 to 27 are formed. Bottom coil 98 stored in
To form a P2 pole, the upper coil 94 housed in the slots 25 to 30 and the bottom coil 97 housed in the slots 40 to 45 form a P3 pole, and the upper coil 93 and the slots housed in the slots 43 to 48. It is assumed that the bottom coil 96 housed in 58 to 63 forms the P4 pole.

Here, the upper coil 9 constituting the P1 pole
2 and the bottom coil 99, the slots 66 and 4 are first counted from the pole center side, the slots 65 and 5 are second counted from the pole center side, and the slots 64 and 6 are counted from the pole center side. Fourth, slot 63 and slot 7 are counted from the pole center side, slot 62
And slot 5 is the fifth from the pole center side, slot 6
1 and slot 9 are the sixth from the pole center side. The same applies to the P2 pole, P3 pole, and P4 pole.

In FIG. 5, the armature windings forming the parallel circuit 84 are the upper coil of the slot 8, the bottom coil of the slot 8,
Bottom coil of slot 26, top coil of slot 27, top coil of slot 28, top coil of slot 30, bottom coil of slot 40, bottom coil of slot 42, bottom coil of slot 43, top coil of slot 45, slot 46 Upper coil, slot 48 Upper coil, slot 5
8 bottom coil, bottom coil of slot 60, slot 61
Is the bottom coil and the top coil of the slot 62. The armature windings that constitute the parallel circuit 85 include the upper coil of slot 7, the upper coil of slot 9, the upper coil of slot 10, the upper coil of slot 11, the upper coil of slot 12, the bottom coil of slot 22, and the slot 23. Bottom coil, slot 2
4 bottom coil, slot 25 top coil, slot 25
Bottom coil, slot 27 bottom coil, slot 29 top coil, slot 41 bottom coil, slot 44 top coil, slot 45 bottom coil, slot 62 bottom coil.

The armature windings of the parallel circuit 86 are the bottom coil of slot 4, the bottom coil of slot 5, the bottom coil of slot 6, the bottom coil of slot 7, the bottom coil of slot 9, the top coil of slot 26, and the slot 43 of slot 26. Top coil, bottom coil of slot 44, top coil of slot 47, bottom coil of slot 59, top coil of slot 61, top coil of slot 63, bottom coil of slot 63, slot 6
4 upper coil, slot 65 upper coil, slot 66
It consists of the upper coil.

FIG. 6 shows a vector diagram of the induced voltage according to the present invention represented by a unit circle. The real axis component a of the vector is a real number, the imaginary axis component b is an imaginary number, and the vector is a + j
Represented by b, the vector sum is the sum of the real number a and the imaginary number b. The induced voltage of each parallel circuit when the parallel circuit 84, the parallel circuit 85, and the parallel circuit 86 are configured as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be calculated. Number of stator slots NS = 7
Since there are 2 and 4 poles, the slot spacing is mechanically 360
° / 72 = 5 °, electrical angle 360 ° / (72/2) =
It becomes 10 °. Therefore, the voltage induced in the armature winding of the slot 1 has a magnitude of l (pu) and an angle of 0 ° (hereinafter, l (p.
u.) ∠0 °), the voltage induced in the armature winding of slot 2 is 1 (pu) ∠10 °, and the voltage induced in the armature winding of slot 3 is 1 (pu ) ∠20 °,
..., the voltage induced in the armature winding of slot n is 1 (pu)
∠ [(n-1) × 10] °, ..., The voltage induced in the armature winding of the slot 72 is 1 (pu) ∠710 °.

Since the P1 pole and P3 pole and the P2 pole and P4 pole have the same polarity, and the P1 pole and P2 pole have different polarities, the bottom coil 99, the top coil 95, the bottom coil 97, and When the direction of the current flowing through the upper coil 93 is from the output side to the side opposite to the output side,
The current flowing through the upper coil 92, the bottom coil 98, the upper coil 94, and the bottom coil 96 flows from the side opposite to the lead side to the lead side.

That is, the voltage induced in the armature winding of the slot 61 is −1 (pu) ∠600 ° = l (pu) ∠420 °.
= -1 (pu) ∠240 ° = 1 (pu) ∠60 °, which is the same as the voltage induced in the armature windings of the slots 43, 25 and 7. Here, the voltage induced in the slot 61 is displayed as a vector as shown in FIG.

Therefore, since the induced voltage of the parallel circuit 84 is the sum of the voltages induced on the coil sides forming the parallel circuit 84,

[0035]

[Outside 1]

It becomes

Similarly, the voltage induced in the parallel circuit 85 is 1
4.784 (pu) ∠70 °, the voltage induced in the parallel circuit 86 is 14.784 (pu) ∠70 °, and the parallel circuit 85
And the voltage induced in the parallel circuit 86 becomes exactly the same. The voltages induced in the parallel circuit 84 and the parallel circuit 85 (or the parallel circuit 86) have a phase difference of zero and differ in magnitude by about 0.022. Therefore, the voltage imbalance ratio between the three parallel circuits is 0.022.
/14.784 (or 14.762) x 100% = about 0.15%, the current circulating between the three parallel circuits is negligibly small, and the loss and temperature rise due to the circulating current are also negligibly small. be able to.

Here, for example, the voltage induced in the armature winding of slot 4 is l (pu) ∠30 °,
The voltage induced in the 0 armature winding is l (pu) ∠390 ° =
l (pu) ∠30 °, and the two induced voltages are the same. Further, the voltage induced in the armature winding of the slot 22 is −l (pu) ∠210 ° = l (pu) ∠30 °, and the induced voltage is the same. Therefore, the voltages induced in the armature windings contained in [slot 4, slot 22, slot 40, slot 58] are the same, and similarly, the armatures of [slot 5, slot 23, slot 41, slot 59] are the same. The induced voltage in the windings is the same, ..., [Slot 66,
Slot 12, slot 30, slot 48] have the same induced voltage in the armature winding.

That is, with the coils of 8 turns forming the three parallel circuits 84, 85, 86, the four poles P1, P2, P3, P
4 has a configuration in which the bottom coil and the upper coil of the four poles P1, P2, P3 and P4 are arranged symmetrically about the pole center, and the pole P1,
The second and sixth bottom coils and upper coils counted from the pole center side of P2, P3, P4 are composed of parallel circuits 85 and 86, and the other bottom coils and upper coils are composed of parallel circuits 84, 85 and 86. According to the configuration, the induced voltages of the parallel circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86 have the same value, and the voltages induced in the parallel circuit 84 and the parallel circuit 85 (or the parallel circuit 86) have a phase difference of zero and different magnitudes of 0.022. . That is, the voltage imbalance ratio between the three parallel circuits is about 0.15%, the current circulating between the three parallel circuits is small enough to be ignored, and the loss and temperature rise due to the circulating current can be small enough to be ignored. it can.

[Claim 4] Embodiment FIG. 7 shows an example of an arrangement diagram of armature windings of a three-phase, four-pole, two-layer lap winding, and three parallel circuit showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
7 shows the arrangement of the armature winding of FIG. 7 for each pole. The illustrated layout assumes 72 stator slots.

If the parallel circuits 84 to 86 are configured as shown in FIG. 4, the voltage imbalance ratio is minimized. However, since the parallel circuit 84 has four poles and the parallel circuits 85 and 86 have three poles, The number of crossovers increases. Therefore, it is necessary to divide each parallel circuit into four poles as described in FIG. 1, and an example at that time is shown in FIG.

The parallel circuit 84 straddles the P3 pole and the P4 pole, and
Three-pole slot 26, slot 27, slot 28, slot 30, slot 40, slot 42, slot 4
3, slot 44 and P4 pole slot 44, slot 4
5, slot 46, slot 48, slot 58, slot 60, slot 61, and slot 62. On the other hand, the parallel circuit 85 extends over the P2 pole and the P3 pole, and has slots 7, slot 8, slot 9, slot 10, slot 11, slot 12, slot 22, and slot 2 of the P2 pole.
3, slot 24, slot 25, slot 26, and slot 27, and P3 pole slot 25, slot 29, slot 41, and slot 45.

The parallel circuit 86 straddles the P1 pole and the P4 pole, and
1-pole slot 61, slot 62, slot 63, slot 64, slot 65, slot 66, slot 4, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9 and P4 pole slot 43, slot 4
7, slot 59, and slot 63.

Comparing FIG. 4 and FIG. 7, the upper coil of the slot 8 and the parallel circuit 8 which constitute the parallel circuit 84 in FIG.
5, the upper coil of the slot 44, which formed the parallel circuit 8, and the parallel circuit 8
4, the upper coil of the slot 62 and the parallel circuit 8
6, upper coil of slot 26, parallel circuit 8
4, the bottom coil of the slot 8 and the parallel circuit 86
Bottom coil of the slot 44 and the parallel circuit 84
Bottom coil of the slot 26 and the parallel circuit 85
The bottom coil of the slot 62, which has been configured as above, is replaced in FIG.

That is, the parallel circuit 84 has four poles P3 and P4.
The parallel circuit 85 makes 6 turns and 2 turns for the P2 pole and the P3 pole, respectively, and the parallel circuit 86 makes P1 for the P1 pole.
The pole and P4 poles have 6 turns and 2 turns, respectively, and the second and sixth bottom coils and upper coils from the pole center side of the poles P1, P2, P3, and P4 are connected in parallel circuits 85 and 86, respectively.
And the other bottom coil and upper coil are formed by parallel circuits 84, 85, 86. Therefore, the induced voltages of the parallel circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86 have the same value, and the voltages induced in the parallel circuit 84 and the parallel circuit 85 (or the parallel circuit 86) have a phase difference of zero and a magnitude of 0.022 different. That is, the number of crossovers can be reduced and the current circulating between the three parallel circuits can be reduced to a negligible amount.

Embodiments of [Claim 5, Claim 6 and Claim 7] FIGS. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of the present invention.
The armature winding pattern of the two-layer lap winding and three parallel circuits is shown for one phase. This drawing is a winding development drawing drawn based on the layout diagram of FIG. 7, in which the phase bands on the output side are straddled by 1 to 17 and the phase bands on the opposite side to the output are straddled by 1 to 16.

On the lead side, the poles P1, P2, P3, P4
Crossing the bottom coil and the top coil from the pole center side of
Connect to 7 and 88. Therefore, on the lead-out side, the coil pitch that does not match across the phase bands is only the connection of the upper coil of the slot 48 and the bottom coil of the slot 58, and the connection of each coil side is easy.

On the side opposite to the output, the parallel circuit 84 is connected to P3.
A coil pitch different from that of the crossover 89 or the straddle of the phase zones between the bottom coil and the top coil of the 1st and 5th counting from the pole center side of the pole and the 1st and 5th counting from the pole center side of the P4 pole. Connect with. That is, the bottom coil of the slot 40 and the top coil of the slot 26 are connected, the top coil of the slot 48 and the bottom coil of the slot 62 are connected, the bottom coil of the slot 44 and the bottom coil of the slot 58 are connected by a crossover 89A, The upper coil of the slot 44 and the upper coil of the slot 30 are connected by a crossover 89B.

In the parallel circuit 85, the sixth bottom coil and the upper coil counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole are connected to the crossover 90, and the second bottom coil and the upper coil counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole are connected. Connect with a coil pitch different from the phase band. That is, the bottom coil of the slot 41 and the top coil of the slot 29 are connected to each other, and any one of the top coils of the slots 7 to 12 (the top coil of the slot 10 in the figure).
And the upper coil of the slot 25 are connected by a crossover wire 90A, and one of the bottom coil of the slot 45 and the bottom coil of the slots 22 to 27 (bottom coil of the slot 25 in the figure)
Are connected by a crossover 90B.

In the parallel circuit 86, the bottom coil and the upper coil, which are the sixth from the pole center side of the P4 pole, are connected to the crossover line 91, and the second coil side, which is counted from the pole center side of the P4 pole, is the phase band. Connect with a different coil pitch than the straddle. That is, the upper coil of the slot 47 and the bottom coil of the slot 59 are connected, and any one of the bottom coils of the slots 4 to 9 (the bottom coil of the slot 6 in the figure) and the bottom coil of the slot 63 are connected by a crossover wire 91A. Connect one of the upper coils of slot 43 and the upper coils of slots 61 to 66
Books (upper coil of slot 63 in the figure) are connected by a crossover 91B.

When connected in this way, six connecting wires 89A, 89B, 90A, 9 per phase are provided on the side opposite to the lead-out side.
0B, 91A, and 91B are two when viewed in the axial direction, and there are four coil pitches different from the phase band straddle, and three crossover wires in the three phases in the axial direction and coil phases different from the phase band straddle. Will be 12 places. Therefore, since the crossovers are minimally overlapped in the axial direction, the axial length of the rotary electric machine can be shortened, and the unbalanced ratio of the induced voltages of the three parallel circuits is minimized. Can be reduced, and excessive loss and local heating can be suppressed.

Embodiment of [Claim 8] FIG. 11 is a layout view of armature windings in which the voltage imbalance ratio becomes minimum in a three-parallel circuit showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of the armature winding of FIG. 11 for each pole. 11 and 12, the number of stator slots NS = 7
Assuming that the number of slots for one phase is 24, that is, 24 upper coils and 24 bottom coils form one phase.

As described above, generally, the short pitch winding of the ratio β = 5/6 of the coil pitch and the magnetic pole pitch is performed, and therefore, the upper coil 92 and the slots 4 to 9 housed in the slots 61 to 66 are used here. P1 pole is formed by the bottom coil 99 housed in slot 7, and P2 pole is formed by the top coil 95 housed in slots 7-12 and bottom coil 98 housed in slots 22-27 and housed in slots 25-30. Upper coil 94
And the bottom coil 97 accommodated in the slots 40 to 45 is P3.
It is assumed that the pole is formed and the P4 pole is formed by the upper coil 93 housed in the slots 43 to 48 and the bottom coil 96 housed in the slots 58 to 63.

In FIG. 11, the armature windings forming the parallel circuit 84 are the upper coil of the slot 62, the bottom coil of the slot 8, the top coil of the slot 8, the bottom coil of the slot 26,
Upper coil of slot 25, upper coil of slot 28, upper coil of slot 30, bottom coil of slot 40, bottom coil of slot 42, bottom coil of slot 45, upper coil of slot 43, upper coil of slot 46, slot 48 Top coil, bottom coil of slot 58, slot 6
0 bottom coil and slot 63 bottom coil.

The armature windings forming the parallel circuit 85 are the upper coil of slot 7, the upper coil of slot 9, and the slot 1
0 upper coil, slot 11 upper coil, slot 12
Top coil, bottom coil of slot 22, bottom coil of slot 23, bottom coil of slot 24, bottom coil of slot 25, bottom coil of slot 27, bottom coil of slot 27, top coil of slot 29, bottom coil of slot 29, bottom of slot 41 A coil, a bottom coil of the slot 43, an upper coil of the slot 44, and a bottom coil of the slot 62.

The armature windings of the parallel circuit 86 are slot 61
Top coil, slot 63 top coil, slot 64 top coil, slot 65 top coil, slot 66 top coil, slot 4 bottom coil, slot 5 bottom coil, slot 6 bottom coil, slot 7 bottom coil Coil, bottom coil in slot 9, top coil in slot 26, bottom coil in slot 44, top coil in slot 45, top coil in slot 47, bottom coil in slot 59, slot 6
1 bottom coil.

Here, the induced voltage of each parallel circuit when the parallel circuit 84, the parallel circuit 85, and the parallel circuit 86 are configured as described above will be calculated. As described above, if the number of stator slots Ns = 72, 4 poles, and the voltage induced in slot 1 is l (pu) ∠0 °, the voltage induced in parallel circuit 84 is 14.762 (pu) ∠70 °. , The voltage induced in the parallel circuit 85 is 14.784 (pu) ∠ 70 °, the parallel circuit 8
The voltage induced in 6 is 14.784 (pu) ∠70 °, which is exactly the same as in the case of FIG.

Therefore, the voltages induced in the parallel circuit 84 and the parallel circuit 85 (or the parallel circuit 86) have a phase difference of zero and differ in magnitude by about 0.022. That is, the voltage imbalance ratio between the three parallel circuits is about 0.15%, the current circulating between the three parallel circuits is small enough to be ignored, and the loss and temperature rise due to the circulating current can be small enough to be ignored. it can.

Here, since the induced voltages of the armature windings electrically arranged at different positions by 180 ° are the same, if the slots in the same order counting from the center side of each pole are exchanged, they will be parallel. The induced voltages of the circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86 have the same value, and the parallel circuit 84 and the parallel circuit 85 (or the parallel circuit 8
The voltage induced in 6) has a phase difference of zero and the magnitude is about 0.15%.
Not to mention the difference.

That is, the parallel circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86 are electrically arranged exactly the same, and the bottom coil and the upper coil of P1 pole to P4 pole are arranged symmetrically about the pole center, and the poles P1, P2, P are arranged.
The second and fourth bottom coils and upper coils counted from the pole center side of P3 and P4 are composed of the parallel circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86, and the other bottom coils and upper coils are composed of the parallel circuit 84, the parallel circuit 85, and If the parallel circuit 86 is used, the voltage imbalance ratio between the three parallel circuits is about 0.15%, the current circulating between the three parallel circuits is negligibly small, and the loss and temperature rise due to the circulating current are also negligible. It can be made as small as possible.

[Claim 9] Embodiment FIG. 13 shows an example of an arrangement diagram of armature windings of a three-phase, four-pole, two-layer lap winding, and three parallel circuit showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 shows the arrangement of the armature winding of FIG. 13 for each pole. The illustrated layout assumes 72 stator slots.

When the parallel circuits 84 to 86 are configured as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage imbalance ratio is minimized, but the parallel circuit 84 has four
Since the parallel circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86 straddle the poles and straddle the three poles, the number of crossovers increases. Therefore, it is necessary to distribute each parallel circuit to four poles as described in FIG. 1, and an example at that time is shown in FIG.

The parallel circuit 84 extends across the P3 pole and the P4 pole, and
Three-pole slot 25, slot 26, slot 28, slot 30, slot 40, slot 42, slot 4
4, slot 45 and slot 43 of P4 pole, slot 4
4, slot 46, slot 48, slot 58, slot 60, slot 62, and slot 63. On the other hand, the parallel circuit 85 extends over the P2 pole and the P3 pole, and has slots 7, slot 8, slot 9, slot 10, slot 11, slot 12, slot 22, and slot 2 of the P2 pole.
3, slot 24, slot 25, slot 26, and slot 27, and P3 pole slot 27, slot 29, slot 41, and slot 43.

The parallel circuit 86 straddles the P1 pole and the P4 pole,
1-pole slot 61, slot 62, slot 63, slot 64, slot 65, slot 66, slot 4, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9 and P4 pole slot 45, slot 4
7, slot 59, and slot 61.

Thus, if three parallel circuits are configured, the induced voltages of the parallel circuit 85 and the parallel circuit 86 have the same value, and the voltages induced in the parallel circuit 84 and the parallel circuit 85 (or the parallel circuit 86) have a phase difference. Is zero and the size is 0.022 different. That is, the number of crossovers can be reduced and the current circulating between the three parallel circuits can be reduced to a negligible amount.

[Claim 10, Claim 11 and Claim 12]
Embodiment of FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show another embodiment of the present invention.
1 armature winding pattern of pole, 2 layer lap winding, 3 parallel circuit
The phase components will be shown. This drawing is a winding development drawing drawn based on the layout drawing of FIG.
5, The stride on the side opposite to the mouth is set to 1-16.

On the lead-out side, the poles P1, P2, P3, P4
6th coil side from the pole center side of the crossovers 87 and 8
Connect to 8. Therefore, on the lead-out side, the coil pitch that does not match across the phase bands is only the connection between the bottom coil of the slot 63 and the top coil of the slot 43, and the connection of each coil side is easy.

On the side opposite to the output, the parallel circuit 84 is connected to P3.
The 3rd and 5th coil sides from the pole center side of the pole, and the 3rd and 5th coil sides from the pole center side of the P4 pole are connected at a coil pitch different from that across the phase band. That is, the upper coil of the slot 44 is connected to the bottom coil of the slot 60, the upper coil of the slot 46 is connected to the bottom coil of the slot 62, the bottom coil of the slot 44 is connected to the top coil of the slot 28, and the bottom coil of the slot 42 is connected. The coil and the upper coil of the slot 26 are connected, the bottom coil of the slot 45 and the bottom coil of the slot 58 are connected by a crossover 89A, and the upper coil of the slot 43 and the upper coil of the slot 30 are connected by a crossover 89B.

In the parallel circuit 85, the second coil side counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole is connected to the crossover 90A, and the fourth coil side counted from the P3 pole center side is different from the phase band straddle. Connect at the coil pitch. That is, the bottom coil of the slot 43 is connected to the top coil of the slot 27, and one of the top coils of the slots 7 to 12 (slot 1 in the figure is
0 upper coil) and slot 29 upper coil, crossover 90
The bottom coil of slot 41 and one of the bottom coils of slots 22 to 27 are connected (A slot 2 in the figure).
5 bottom coil) is connected by a crossover 90B.

In the parallel circuit 86, the second coil side counted from the pole center side of the P4 pole is connected to the crossover line 91A, and the fourth coil side counted from the pole center side of the P4 pole is different from the phase band straddle. Connect at the coil pitch. That is, the upper coil of the slot 45 and the bottom coil of the slot 61 are connected, and any one of the bottom coils of the slots 4 to 9 (bottom coil of the slot 6 in the figure) and the bottom coil of the slot 59 are connected by a crossover wire 91A. And the upper coil of slot 47 and slots 61 to 6
Any one of the six upper coils (the upper coil of the slot 63 in the figure) is connected by a crossover 91B.

When the connection is made in this manner, six connecting wires 89A, 89B, 90A, 9 per phase are provided on the side opposite to the lead.
0B, 91A, and 91B are two when viewed in the axial direction, and there are 6 coil pitches that differ from the phase band straddle, and there are 6 crossovers in the axial direction in 3 phases, and the coil spans that differ from the phase band straddle Will be 18 places. Therefore, since the crossovers are minimally overlapped in the axial direction, the axial length of the rotary electric machine can be shortened, and the unbalanced ratio of the induced voltages of the three parallel circuits is minimized. Can be reduced, and excessive loss and local heating can be suppressed.

[0072]

As described above, according to the present invention, three phases,
In a four-pole, three-parallel circuit, two-layer superposed rotary electric machine, the crossover of the crossover wire in the axial direction is reduced. Further, the voltage imbalance ratio between the parallel circuits of the armature winding is minimized, and the circulating current can be reduced. Therefore, the increase in the axial length due to the overlap of the crossovers can be minimized, and the axial length of the rotating electric machine can be shortened. In addition, the temperature rise of the armature winding due to the circulating current can be suppressed, and the extra loss is reduced, so that the power generation efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram showing an armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine of the present invention in which four poles are formed by three parallel circuits.

FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram showing an armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine that does not use the present invention and that has four poles with three parallel circuits.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an armature winding.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at the time of voltage unbalanced minimum wiring, which is an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the 3-phase, 4-pole, 3-parallel circuit according to the present invention in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a vector diagram of an induced voltage.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an armature winding according to another embodiment of the present invention when voltage unbalanced minimum wiring is performed.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a 3-phase, 4-pole, 3-parallel circuit according to the present invention in FIG.

9 is a development view of one phase of the armature winding at the time of voltage unbalanced minimum connection, which is the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a detailed cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view at the time of voltage unbalanced minimum wiring, which is another embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a cross-sectional view of the 3-phase, 4-pole, 3-parallel circuit according to the present invention in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention when voltage unbalanced minimum wiring is performed.

14 is a cross-sectional view of the 3-phase, 4-pole, 3-parallel circuit according to the present invention in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a development view of one phase of the armature winding at the time of voltage unbalanced minimum wiring, which is the embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14;

16 is a detailed cross-sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of Codes] P1 to P4 ... Pole number, 1 to 72 ... Slot number, 73
... bottom coil of armature winding, 74 ... upper coil of armature winding, 75 ... armature core, 76 ... slot, 77 ... wedge, 8
4-86 ... Parallel circuit number, 87-91 ... Crossover, 92
... P1 pole upper coil, 93 ... P4 pole upper coil, 94 ... P3 pole upper coil, 95 ... P
An upper coil forming 2 poles, a bottom coil forming 96 ... P4 poles, a bottom coil forming 97 ... P3 poles, a bottom coil forming 98 ... P2 poles, a bottom coil forming 99 ... P1 poles.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Takahashi 7-2-1, Omika-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi, Ltd. Electric Power & Electric Development Division (72) Inventor Hidenari Otani Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki 3-1, 1-1 Machi, Hitachi, Ltd. Hitachi factory (72) Inventor, Junji Sato 3-1-1, Saiwaicho, Hitachi, Hitachi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Hitachi factory (72), Inventor Yasuomi Yagi 3-1, 1-1 Sachimachi, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd., Hitachi Factory (72) Inventor Takashi Shibata 3-1-1, Sachimachi Hitachi City, Hitachi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd., Hitachi Factory

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine, wherein the armature windings wound around a plurality of slots provided in a stator are three-phase, four-pole, three-parallel circuit, and two-layer lap winding, With the coils of the three parallel circuits A, B and C, four poles P1, P2 and
In the configuration of forming the coils P3 and P4, the P1 pole is configured only by the coil of the parallel circuit A, the P2 pole is configured by only the coil of the parallel circuit B, and the P3 pole is configured by the parallel circuit B. An armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine, comprising only the coil of the parallel circuit C, and the P4 pole adjacent to the P3 pole being composed only of the coils of the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit C. 2. An armature for a rotating electric machine, wherein the number of stator slots of the rotating electric machine is 72, and the armature windings wound in the slots are three-phase, four-pole, three-parallel circuit, and two-layer lap winding. In the winding pattern, the coil having 8 turns forming the 3 parallel circuits A, B, C and forming the 4 poles P1, P2, P3, P4 has 6 turns for the coils of the parallel circuit A, B. The coil of the parallel circuit C is divided into 2 turns, and the coil of the parallel circuit C is divided into 4 turns and 4 turns, the coil 6 turns of the parallel circuit A constitutes the P1 pole, and the coil 6 turns of the parallel circuit B constitutes the P2 pole. Then, the P2 pole is formed by the coil 2 turns of the parallel circuit B and the coil 4 turns of the parallel circuit C, and the P3 pole is formed by the coil 2 turns of the parallel circuit A and the coil 4 turns of the parallel circuit C.
The armature winding pattern for a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the P4 pole adjacent to the pole is formed. 3. An armature for a rotating electric machine, wherein the number of stator slots of the rotating electric machine is 72, and the armature windings wound in the slots are three-phase, four-pole, three-parallel circuit, and two-layer lap winding. In the winding pattern, a coil having eight turns forming the three parallel circuits A, B, and C forms four poles P1, P2, P3, and P4 by electrically connecting the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit B. The pole coils P1, P2, P3, P4 with the bottom coil side and the top coil side symmetrically arranged about the pole center.
That the second and sixth coil sides counted from the pole center side of 2, P3 and P4 are composed of the parallel circuits A and B, and the other coil sides are composed of the parallel circuits A, B and C. The armature winding pattern of a rotating electric machine that features. 4. A structure of forming four poles P1, P2, P3 and P4 by a coil of eight turns forming the three parallel circuits A, B and C, wherein the P1 pole has six turns from the parallel circuit A. 6 turns from the parallel circuit B to the P2 pole, 2 turns and 4 turns from the parallel circuit B and the parallel circuit C to the P3 pole, respectively, and adjacent to the P3 pole. The armature winding pattern of the rotating electric machine according to claim 3, wherein 2 turns and 4 turns are respectively arranged from the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit C to the P4 pole. 5. A straddle between the phase zones on the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine is set to 1
~ 17, 1 across the phase zone on the side opposite to the lead of the rotating electric machine
The armature winding pattern of the rotating electric machine according to claim 4, wherein 6. The parallel circuit A has a first coil side counting from the pole center side of the P1 pole on the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine connected to a crossover, and the parallel circuit B has a lead-out side of the rotary electric machine. Then, the first coil side counted from the pole center side of the P2 pole is connected to the crossover, and the parallel circuit C is the first coil side counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole on the lead-out side of the rotating electric machine. Is connected to a crossover, and at the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine, the P4
The armature winding pattern for a rotating electric machine according to claim 5, wherein the first coil side counted from the pole center side of the pole is connected to the crossover wire. 7. The parallel circuit A has a sixth coil side counting from the pole center side of the P4 pole on the side opposite to the lead of the rotary electric machine and connected to a crossover, and counting from the pole center side of the P4 pole. And the second coil side is connected at a coil pitch different from that across the phase band, and the parallel circuit B has a sixth coil side counting from the pole center side of the P3 pole on the side opposite to the lead of the rotary electric machine. It is connected to a crossover wire, and the second coil side counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole is connected with a coil pitch different from that across the phase band, and the parallel circuit C is provided on the side opposite to the lead of the rotary electric machine. The first coil side and the fifth coil side counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole and the first coil side and the fifth coil side counted from the pole center side of the P4 pole are connected to the crossover wire, or The coil pitch is different from that of the phase band, and the coil pitches are different from each other. Armature winding pattern of the rotary electric machine according. 8. An armature for a rotating electric machine, wherein the number of stator slots of the rotating electric machine is 72, and the armature windings wound in the slots are three-phase, four-pole, three-parallel circuit, and two-layer lap winding. In the winding pattern, a coil having eight turns forming the three parallel circuits A, B, and C forms four poles P1, P2, P3, and P4 by electrically connecting the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit B. The pole coils P1, P2, P3, P4 with the bottom coil side and the top coil side symmetrically arranged about the pole center.
The second and fourth coil sides counted from the pole center side of 2, P3 and P4 are composed of the parallel circuits A and B, and the other coil sides are composed of the parallel circuits A, B and C. The armature winding pattern of the rotating electric machine. 9. The coil having 8 turns forming the 3 parallel circuits A, B, C forms 4 poles P1, P2, P3, P4. The P1 pole has 6 turns from the parallel circuit A. 6 turns from the parallel circuit B to the P2 pole, 2 turns and 4 turns from the parallel circuit B and the parallel circuit C to the P3 pole, respectively, and adjacent to the P3 pole. 9. The armature winding pattern for a rotating electric machine according to claim 8, wherein the P4 pole is arranged with two turns and four turns from the parallel circuit A and the parallel circuit C, respectively. 10. The span of the phase band on the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine is set to 1 to 15, and the span of the phase band on the opposite side to the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine is set to 1 to 16. Armature winding pattern of rotating electric machine. 11. The parallel circuit A has a sixth coil side counting from the pole center side of the P1 pole on the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine connected to a crossover, and the parallel circuit B has a lead-out side of the rotary electric machine. The 6th coil side counted from the pole center side of the P2 pole is connected to the crossover, and the parallel circuit C is the 6th coil side counted from the pole center side of the P3 pole on the lead-out side of the rotating electric machine. Is connected to a crossover, and the P side is connected to the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine.
The armature winding pattern for a rotating electric machine according to claim 10, wherein the sixth coil side counted from the pole center side of the four poles is connected to the crossover wire. 12. The parallel circuit A has a second coil side counting from the pole center side of the P4 pole on the side opposite to the lead-out side of the rotary electric machine and connected to a crossover, and counting from the pole center side of the P4 pole. And the fourth coil side is connected with a coil pitch different from that across the phase band, and the parallel circuit B crosses the second coil side counting from the pole center side of the P3 pole on the side opposite to the lead of the rotating electric machine. Connected to a wire, and connecting the fourth coil side counting from the pole center side of the P3 pole at a coil pitch different from that across the phase band, and the parallel circuit C connects the P3 pole on the side opposite to the lead of the rotary electric machine. 3rd coil side and 5th coil side counted from the pole center side of, and 3rd coil side and 5th coil side counted from the pole center side of the P4 pole with a coil pitch different from that across the phase band. The armature winding of the rotating electric machine according to claim 10, wherein the armature winding is connected. Pattern.