JPH09203636A - Gps survey apparatus for use in city area - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily set an antenna high in the sky even at a place where buildings and structures are clustered, e.g. a city area or the like and, achieve national land investigation and land survey, by overhanging the antenna from the rooftop of a building and determining a position on the ground vertically below the antenna. SOLUTION: The apparatus includes an antenna A-1 of a GPS survey apparatus, a vertical device A-2 for emitting a visible laser light A-3 to the ground, an arm A-5 which has the antenna A-1 and vertical device A-2 mounted at a front end, extends from the rooftop of a building and has a strength and a horizontal length to a nail A-4, and a computer A-10 for obtaining three dimensions of the antenna A-1, etc. A position of the antenna is obtained by receiving waves from a GPS.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a GPS surveying instrument for land surveys and site surveys, and more particularly to a GPS surveying instrument that enables land surveys and site surveys in urban areas with many buildings and buildings.
It relates to a PS surveying instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The above GPS surveying instrument is one that receives a radio wave transmitted from a dedicated artificial satellite over approximately 20,000 kilometers to perform surveying. Radio waves must always receive radio waves from four or more artificial satellites. It is important that the arrangement between the satellites and the receiving antennas is evenly distributed because it affects the survey accuracy. This place to be surveyed needs to be free of obstacles in the surroundings so that the satellite can receive radio waves regardless of the position. It is desirable that the range is open above the horizontal plane of 15 degrees or more.

Incidentally, the GPS surveying instrument adopts an interferometric positioning system in order to perform a precise survey, and the interferometric positioning system measures with two or more GPS surveying instruments.
One is installed at a known point, the other one is installed at a place to be surveyed, and the positional relationship between them is obtained. The GPS surveying instrument installed at the place where the survey is to be performed
The measurement data is sent wirelessly or by wire from the surveying instrument and is used for immediate analysis to obtain its position data. Further, this position data can be obtained by post-processing without sending the data from the GPS surveying instrument at the known point wirelessly or by wire.

[0004]

By the way, the above GPS is used.
Surveying instruments cannot meet this condition in urban areas such as buildings and dense buildings. For this reason, conventionally, an antenna is mounted on the pole, the antenna of the GPS surveying instrument is raised, and the vertical of the pole is measured by another measuring device. However, there is a problem that it takes a long time to attach the antenna and perform vertical measurement.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a GPS surveying instrument that can easily raise an antenna above the sky even in a building such as an urban area or a place where buildings are densely located to perform a national land survey and a site survey.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a GPS surveying instrument having an antenna for receiving the radio waves of an artificial satellite, wherein the antenna is extended from the roof of the building and the ground is vertically below the antenna. Determine the position. For example, a vertical device is provided below the center of the antenna, and the position illuminated by the laser light from the vertical device is the ground position directly below the antenna. By this means, the antenna has no obstacles around it, and it is possible to secure the sky above the horizontal plane above the ground satellite by 15 degrees or more, so that the place to be surveyed receives radio waves regardless of the position of the satellite. become able to.

The position where the laser beam of the vertical device is installed on the ground and the laser beam of the vertical device is aligned with the center point of the antenna and then the laser beam is illuminated on the ground is defined as the ground position vertically below the antenna. By this means, since the vertical device is installed on the ground, it becomes easy to support the antenna to be projected in terms of strength. Install a vertical device on the ground and collimate the center point of the antenna and the desired point on the ground. By this means, it is possible to use an inexpensive vertical device.

A leveling device is fixed on the roof of the building, and the leveling device adjusts the vertical and horizontal of the arm projecting the antenna. By this means, the vertical and horizontal adjustments can be roughly made, so that the accuracy of the vertical device can be easily ensured.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION With reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention comprises one GPS surveying instrument at a known point and one GPS surveying instrument at a place to be surveyed. An example of a system that obtains the latter position data by processing will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a GPS surveying instrument installed in a place to be surveyed according to the present invention, which is installed on the roof of a building. As shown in this figure, a GPS surveying instrument installed in a place to be surveyed has an antenna A-1 of this GPS surveying instrument and an automatic vertical function located below the antenna A-1 so that visible rays are vertically emitted to the ground. A vertical instrument A-2 that emits a laser beam A-3, a tack or a nail A-4 that is driven into a position illuminated by the laser beam A-3 and indicates a position to be surveyed, an antenna A-1 and a vertical instrument at the tip. An arm A-5 to which A-2 is attached and which extends from the roof of the building and has a horizontal length up to a tack or a nail A-4 and strength, and a fixed portion A-6 fixed to the roof of the building such as a tripod. , A cable A-7 connected to the antenna 1 for transmitting a reception signal, a receiver A-8 connected to the cable A-7 for receiving a reception signal and demodulating, and a cable connected to the receiver A-8. Cable A-9 for transmitting the demodulated data and the demodulated data Three-dimensional antenna A-1 by using the data of the computer B-5 to be described later,
That is, the computer A-10 for obtaining the plane positions x and y and the altitude z, and the cable A-11 connected to the receiver 8.
And a power source A-12 for supplying power to the receiver A-8 via a cable A-11 and a fixed portion A-6,
A leveling device A-13 is provided which has a level tube and an adjusting screw, and which adjusts the level of the arm A-5 to secure and hold the vertical and level of the antenna A-1 and the vertical device A-2.

If the leveling device A-13 is horizontal within 1.5 degrees, the vertical device A-2 has a device for automatically correcting the vertical motion with high accuracy. A concrete example of a GPS surveying instrument installed at a location to be surveyed is shown below. ──────────────────────────────── ──── Nominal number Number Made by Leica ─────────────────────────────────── Antenna A- 1 Dual frequency WILD AT202 ─────────────────────────────────── Receiver A-8 WILD SR399E ── ───────────────────────────────── Computer A-10 WILD CR344 ─────────── ──────────────────────── Power supply A-12 WILD 12V / 7Ah NiCd battery ───────────────── ─────────── ─────── Cable A-7 WILD dedicated A-9 A-11 ─────────────────────────────── ──── With tripod arm A-5 WILD dedicated arm processing A-6 ────────────────────────────────── ── Vertical unit A-2 Total marker LV-110 ──────────────────────────────────── Tack, nail A-4 General ─────────────────────────────────── In this way, GPS of the place to be surveyed Since a surveying instrument is installed on the roof of a building, the antenna is extended from the roof of the building to the place on the ground where the survey is to be performed, the antenna is positioned on the ground with a vertical instrument, and GPS reception is performed to obtain the antenna position. , Around There is no obstacle, it is possible to ensure over the open from the ground of the horizontal plane 15 degrees or more with respect to the satellite, the location to be surveyed will be able to receive radio waves can have any position satellites. This facilitates national land surveys and site surveys in urban areas.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a GPS surveying instrument installed at a known point according to the present invention. As shown in this figure, a GPS surveying instrument installed at a known point is connected to a tripod B-1, an antenna B-2 of the GPS surveying instrument mounted thereon, and an antenna B-2 to transmit a reception signal. Cable B
-3, a receiver B-4 that is connected to the cable B-3 and receives a received signal and demodulates it, and a three-dimensional plane of the demodulated data antenna B-2, that is, the plane positions x and y and the altitude z. Between the computer B-5 and the receiver B-4, and the power source B-7 that supplies power to the receiver B-4 via the cable B-6 connected to the desired computer B-5 and the receiver B-4. And a cable B-8 which is connected and through which a demodulated signal is transmitted.

A concrete example of the GPS surveying instrument installed at a known point is shown below. ─────────────────────────────── ───── Nominal number Number Made by Leica ─────────────────────────────────── Antenna B -1 Dual Frequency WILD AT202 ─────────────────────────────────── Receiver B-4 WILD SR399E ─ ────────────────────────────────── Computer B-5 WILD CR344 ────────── ───────────────────────── Power supply B-7 WILD 12V / 7Ah NiCd battery ─────────────── ───────────── ─────── Cable B-3 WILD dedicated B-6 B-8 ──────────────────────────────── ──── Tripod B-1 WILD only ─────────────────────────────────── In addition, computer A- 10, B-5 can display all values such as coordinates obtained by calculation in WGS84 system or local coordinates, and received data and processed data are recorded in a memory card or a built-in memory (not shown).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of a GPS surveying instrument installed at a place to be surveyed according to the present invention, which is installed on the roof of a building. As shown in the figure, the difference from the first configuration is that the vertical instrument C-2 is installed on the ground and emits light from the vertical instrument C-2 to the center point of the antenna C-1 attached to the arm C-5. After combining the laser light C-3-1 to be emitted, the laser light C-3-2 is emitted on the ground, and the tack or the nail C-4 is installed at that position.

Although the vertical device C-2 is held horizontal by a level tube, it has an automatic vertical correction device with high accuracy inside the vertical device C-2. Further, the vertical device C-2 can also collimate the center point of the antenna C-1 and a desired point on the ground only by collimation that does not emit laser light. In this way,
Since the vertical device C-2 is installed on the ground separately from the antenna C-1, the weight applied to the arm 5 is reduced, the supporting strength thereof can be reduced, and the size can be reduced.

In the above, G is set at the known point and the place to be surveyed.
Although the interferometric positioning in which the PS surveying instrument is installed has been described, the same configuration can be applied to the independent positioning using a single GPS surveying instrument.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a G installed at a place to be surveyed according to the present invention.
It is a PS surveying instrument and is a figure showing an example installed in the roof of a building.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a GPS surveying instrument installed at a known point according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a G installed at a place to be surveyed according to the present invention.
It is a PS surveying instrument and is a figure showing another example installed in the roof of a building.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A-1, B-1, C-1 ... Antenna A-2, C-2 ... Vertical device A-3, C-3-1, C-3-2 ... Laser light A-5, C-5 ... Arm A-13, C-13 ... Leveling device

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A GPS surveying instrument having an antenna for receiving radio waves from an artificial satellite, characterized in that the antenna extends from the roof of a building to determine a ground position vertically below the antenna.
Surveyor. 2. The vertical device is provided below the center of the antenna, and the position illuminated by the laser light from the vertical device is the ground position below the vertical position of the antenna. GPS survey instrument for urban areas. 3. A vertical device is installed on the ground, and the position where the laser light of the vertical device is illuminated on the ground after the laser light of the vertical device is aligned with the center point of the antenna is the ground position below the vertical position of the antenna. The GPS surveying instrument for urban areas according to claim 1. 4. A vertical device is installed on the ground, and the center point of the antenna and the desired point on the ground are collimated.
The GPS surveying instrument for urban areas according to claim 1. 5. The urban area according to claim 1, wherein a leveling device is fixed on the roof of the building, and the leveling device adjusts the vertical and horizontal of the arm projecting the antenna. GPS survey instrument.