JPH0919986A - Clad material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clad material which can be made simply with the use of seam welding and has high joining strength. SOLUTION: A metal net 3 made from a metal containing Fe as a main component is laminated on a base metal layer 1, and a corrosion resistant metal coat layer 4 is laminated on the metal net 3 from the opposite side of the base metal layer 1. The base metal layer 1, the metal net 3, and the corrosion resistant metal coat layer 4 are bonded by a seam welding part which is formed in a shape of line or surface by a roller electrode 6. The corrosion resistant metal coat layer 4 is made from an alloy containing one kind of metal selected from Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, and Ni as a main component or stainless steel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a clad material in which a corrosion-resistant metal coating layer is joined to a Fe-based base metal by seam welding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Fe or Fe-based base metal is added to Ti or Z.
As a method of joining the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer such as r, the corrosion-resistant metal plate is superposed on the surface of the base metal plate, and the explosive welding method is used in which the explosive force of the explosive placed on the superposed metal plate is used to press them together. A rolling method in which a laminated base metal plate and a corrosion-resistant metal plate are rolled by a rolling roll to join the two,
Further, various methods such as a method using spot welding have been implemented or proposed.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional method has the following problems. (1) In the explosive pressure welding method, noise is generated due to the explosion of explosives, so that there are many cases where the place of implementation is restricted. Further, there are many restrictions on the size and shape of the clad material that can be manufactured, and the manufacturing cost is relatively high. Further, it is not suitable for manufacturing a thin plate-shaped clad material, and in order to obtain such a thin plate-shaped clad material, it is necessary to further subject the thick plate to explosive pressure welding and then further rolling. . (2) In the rolling method, the clad material that can be produced is limited to the plate-shaped one, and a large-scale rolling facility is required. Further, there is a problem that the base metal having a curved surface cannot be coated, and the flexibility of the shape of the base metal is lacking. Further, only by rolling, the joining force tends to be insufficient as compared with the explosive pressure welding method and the like, and diffusion heat treatment after rolling is often required, and there is a drawback that the man-hour and cost are likely to increase. (3) In the method using spot welding, it is necessary to form a large number of spot-like spot welded portions, and therefore joining takes time. Further, since it is a point-joint, the joining force is likely to be insufficient, and furthermore, it is difficult to obtain a sealing property between the base metal and the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer.

An object of the present invention is to provide a clad material which is easily manufactured by using seam welding and has excellent bonding strength.

[0005]

MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS, ACTIONS AND EFFECTS The clad material of the present invention is characterized by having the following constitution in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, Fe or F
A metal net made of a metal containing Fe as a main component is laminated on a base metal layer made of an e alloy. And
On the side opposite to the base metal layer with respect to the metal mesh, a corrosion-resistant metal coating layer is arranged in contact with the metal mesh, and the base metal layer, the metal mesh and the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer are linearly or planarly formed by the roller electrode. It is joined by the formed seam welds. Corrosion resistant metal coating layer is Ti, Zr, N
It is composed of a metal containing b, Ta, or Ni as a main component, or stainless steel. This realizes a clad material in which the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer and the base metal layer are firmly bonded. The base metal layer is, for example, carbon steel,
It can be composed of stainless steel and other alloy steels.

In the clad material having the above-mentioned structure, a metal net and a corrosion-resistant metal coating layer are laminated in this order on the base metal layer, and a roller electrode is applied with pressure in the laminating direction to energize the laminated body to form a laminate. It can be manufactured by causing resistance heating and further rotating the roller electrode relative to the laminated body in that state to form a seam weld. In this case, the laminated body can be sandwiched between a plurality of roller electrodes to conduct electricity. On the other hand, a method of performing seam welding without sandwiching the laminated body by the roller electrodes, for example, by arranging the roller electrode on the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer side and correspondingly arranging another roller electrode on the same side, After passing through at least the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer and the metal net from the electrode side and bending in the lateral direction along the laminating surface, again forming a current-carrying path through each layer in the reverse order to the other roller electrode side. It is also possible to use a so-called series seam welding method for performing welding. The energizing current may be either an alternating current or a direct current. Since the metal mesh has a small cross section due to the formation of the mesh, the resistance heat generation becomes particularly large in the vicinity thereof. Then, the high temperature metal net penetrates into at least one of the corrosion resistant metal coating layer or the base metal layer softened by the heat generated by the pressure applied by the roller electrode, and the bonding force between the corrosion resistant metal coating layer and the base metal layer is increased. It is speculated that it will be increased.

The clad material containing the base metal layer described above can be used, for example, in the following devices or structures.・ Inner surface lining of various tower tanks such as distillation tower, reactor, reaction tower, reaction tank, chemical storage tank, stirring tank, high pressure gas tower, head tank, and separator. -Inner surface coating of heat exchanger. Especially the coating of the tube sheet.・ Inner coating for tank truck.・ Inner surface coating of vacuum evaporator.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows a method for producing a clad material according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1A, on a base metal layer 1 made of an Fe-based material such as carbon steel or stainless steel. Then, a metal net 3 made of stainless steel or the like and a corrosion resistant metal plate material 4 as a corrosion resistant metal coating layer made of Ti, Zr or the like are laminated in this order. Then, as shown in FIG.
Is sandwiched between the two roller electrodes 6 in the stacking direction, and the stack 5 is energized by the AC power supply 7 through the roller electrodes 6 while applying a pressing force by a load applying means such as a pneumatic mechanism (not shown). To do. As a result, the laminated body 5 generates resistance heat at the energized portion, and in that state, the roller electrode 6 is relatively rotated with respect to the laminated body 5 in the direction along the plate surface thereof, so that the base metal is A linear seam weld 8 for connecting the layer 1, the metal mesh 3 and the corrosion-resistant metal sheet 4 to each other is formed to form the clad material 1 of the present invention.
It becomes 0. Here, a plurality of seam welds 8 are formed at a predetermined interval along the plate surface direction of the laminated body 5. In addition,
The roller electrodes 6 may be energized continuously or intermittently. In the following drawings, the thickness of the metal net 3 and the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 may be exaggerated and may not necessarily correspond to the dimensions of the actual clad material.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
Therefore, a method of performing seam welding without sandwiching the laminated body 5, for example, a series seam welding method can be used. That is, the roller electrode 6 is arranged on the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 side, and another roller electrode 6 is arranged on the same side corresponding to this. When the roller electrodes 6 are energized, they penetrate at least the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 and the metal net 3 from one roller electrode 6 side, bend laterally along the laminated surface, and then again penetrate the layers in the reverse order of the above. As a result, an energization path I that leads to the other roller electrode 6 side is formed, and a seam weld is formed.

3 and 4 show the clad material 1 shown in FIG.
The schematic diagram of the estimated cross-sectional structure of 0 is shown (FIG. 3 is a BB cross section, FIG. 4 is an AA cross section). Since the metal mesh 3 has a mesh and thus has a small current-carrying cross-sectional area, resistance heat generation is particularly large in the vicinity thereof. Due to this heat generation, the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 composed of Ti or Zr, which is more easily softened than the base metal layer 1, is appropriately softened, and the metal net 3 is softened by the pressure applied by the roller electrode 6, and the corrosion-resistant metal plate material is softened. It will cut into 4 relatively large. In addition, a component diffusion layer 13 based on resistance heat generated by energization is formed at a contact portion between the base metal layer 1 and the metal net 3, and the two are bonded at the contact portion. Thus, it is presumed that the base metal layer 1 and the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 are joined with the metal net 3 as an intermediary. Here, in the mesh of the metal mesh 3, some component diffusion layers 11 may be formed at the portions where the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 and the base metal layer 1 are in direct contact with each other.
Further, the component diffusion layer 12 may be formed around the portion of the metal net 3 into which the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 is eroded. As shown in FIG. 4, in the portion of the laminated body 5 where the seam welded portion 8 is not formed, no bond occurs between the base metal layer 1, the metal net 3, and the corrosion-resistant metal plate materials 4.

Here, the bonding force between the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 and the base metal layer 1 in the entire clad material 10 can be appropriately adjusted by changing the number of seam welds 8 formed, the formation interval, and the formation width. Is. Further, the width of the seam welded portion 8 is adjusted by changing the width of the roller electrode 6. Further, particularly when a wide seam welded portion 8 (or a planar seam welded portion) is required, the adjacent seam welded portions 8 may be formed so as to be in contact with each other or partially overlap each other.

Next, the material and thickness of the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 are set according to the environment in which the clad material is used.
The wire diameter and mesh opening of the wire material forming the metal net 3 are appropriately set according to the material and thickness of the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 so as to obtain an optimum bonding force with the base metal layer 1. It Correspondingly, the conditions for seam welding, that is, the welding current value, the pressure applied by the roller electrode 6, the welding speed (for example, the rotation speed of the roller electrode 6), the energization time, the rest time, etc. are set appropriately. Become. For example, the value of the welding current is adjusted within a range in which the resistance heat generation becomes extremely large and the metal net 3 is melted, or conversely, the heat generation becomes too small and the bonding state of each layer becomes insufficient. Further, the pressure applied by the roller electrode 6 causes the metal net 3 to be pressed into the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 (or the base metal layer 1) just enough, and the electrode roller 6 is extremely bited into the surface of the laminate 5. Adjusted to the extent that it does not exist.

For example, when joining the Ti or Zr-based corrosion-resistant metal sheet 4 and the carbon steel base metal layer 1, the thickness of the corrosion-resistant metal sheet 4 is T, and the wire diameter of the wire material constituting the metal net 3 is Assuming M, the value of M / T should be set in the range of 0.1 to 0.4. When M / T is less than 0.1, the corrosion of the metal net 3 into the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 is insufficient and the joint strength is reduced. On the other hand, when it exceeds 0.4, the bite becomes too large, and the mesh of the metal mesh 3 floats up on the surface of the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 to cause a poor appearance, or the mesh has a corrosion-resistant metal plate 4.
It may penetrate to the surface side of the metal to cause a crack or the like, which may lead to deterioration of the anticorrosion effect on the base metal layer 1. The value of M / T is preferably 0.15 to 0.3.

On the other hand, when the distance between the meshes (the inside of adjacent wire rods, that is, the distance between the voids) is D, D /
It is preferable to set M in the range of 1-10. When D / M is less than 1, the mesh spacing becomes too small, the depth of penetration of the metal mesh 3 becomes insufficient, and the joint strength decreases. On the other hand, D / M
If it exceeds 10, the wire rods of the metal net 3 that bite into the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 become sparsely spaced, which leads to a decrease in the joining effect. The value of D / M is preferably 1.5 to 7.

Next, when the metal mesh 3 is used to join the corrosion-resistant metal sheet 4 having a particularly large thickness to the base metal layer 1, in order to secure the current density required for seam welding,
It becomes necessary to increase the welding current or lengthen the energization time according to the thickness of the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4. However, since the metal net 3 has a small contact area with the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 and a high electric resistivity, the metal net 3 is increased as the welding current is increased.
Excessive heat generation is likely to occur in the vicinity. as a result,
As shown in FIG. 5A, the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 may be excessively softened and the metal net 3 may be completely embedded in the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4, and the bonding effect due to the bite of the metal mesh 3 may be impaired. . In such a case, as shown in (b), if two or more metal nets 3 are stacked and used, even if the above-mentioned burial occurs, a part of the plurality of metal nets 3 will be used. Since the material is present over the base metal layer 1 and the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4, it becomes possible to secure a predetermined bonding force.

An example of using the clad material will be described below. FIG. 6 shows an example of the clad material 10 in which the base metal layer 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape. In this case, the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 is arranged so as to cover the inner surface of the cylinder (or the outer surface: in this case, the positional relationship between the base metal layer 1 and the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 is reversed in FIG. 6) and the seam welded portion. Reference numeral 8 denotes a plurality of those extending along the circumferential direction of the cylinder as shown in (a), formed at a predetermined interval along the axial direction of the cylinder, or formed in a spiral shape as shown in (b), Further, as shown in (c), it is possible to form a plurality of linear pieces along the axial direction of the cylinder at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylinder. Such a shape can be applied, for example, to a case where a corrosion-resistant metal coating is applied to the body of a tower tank or a heat exchanger, or the pipe inner surface or outer surface.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the base metal layer 1 is formed in the shape of a hollow cone or a truncated cone, and the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 is arranged on the inner surface side thereof. The seam welded portion 8 can be formed along the circumferential direction thereof as shown in (a), or can be formed in the direction along its generatrix as shown in (b). Such a shape can be applied to, for example, the reduced diameter portion of the upper or lower part of the tower tank.

The base metal layer 1 shown in FIG. 8 has a circular plane shape and is formed in a lid shape with its central portion bulging in a convex curved shape, and its inner surface side (recess side) is a corrosion-resistant metal plate material. Covered with 4. Those having such a shape can be applied to, for example, end plates such as tower tanks and heat exchangers. FIG.
Shows an example of the formation pattern of the seam welded portion 8,
(A) and (b) are examples of concentric circles, (c),
(D) is an example of radial formation, (e) is an example of a combination of concentric and radial shapes, (f)
Shows respective examples in which straight lines extending in the diameter direction are formed at predetermined intervals.

The corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 may be formed by joining a plurality of parts divided in advance by welding (for example, TIG welding) or the like. FIG. 9 (g) shows an example in which the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 is radially divided and formed, and the radial butted portions are joined and integrated by the seam welded portion 9 and the base metal by the seam welded portion 8. Joined with layer 1. The seam weld 8 is formed concentrically while avoiding the seam weld 9. On the other hand, in the examples shown in (e) and (h), the corrosion-resistant metal plate member 4 is divided into a circular inner portion 4a and a donut-shaped outer portion 4b by a circular dividing surface, and the outer portion 4b is further divided. It is radially divided, and the respective abutting portions are joined by the seam welding portion 9. The base metal layer 1 can be divided into an inner portion corresponding to the inner portion 4a of the corrosion-resistant metal plate member 4 and a portion (outer portion) other than the inner portion. In this case, the corrosion-resistant metal plate materials 4 are separately joined to the divided inner and outer parts in advance by the seam welds 8, and then the base metal layers 1 of the inner and outer parts and the corrosion-resistant metal plate material are joined together. The four members may be joined together by welding or the like.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a clad material in which the base metal layer 1 is formed in a rectangular plate shape. (A) shows a plurality of seam welded portions 8 extending in the direction along one side of the clad material 10, In the example (b), the seam welds 8 extending in the direction intersecting with the seam welds 8 are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals in the direction intersecting with the seam welds 8. For example, (c) shows an example in which a seam weld 8 extending radially from the center of the plate is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, when the protrusion 10b is formed on the plate surface of the base metal layer 1, the seam weld 8 can be formed while avoiding the protrusion 10b.

In FIG. 12, a shallow recess 1a is formed on the plate surface of the base metal layer 1 formed in the shape of a thick plate, and a corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 having a corresponding shape is fitted therein, and the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 is formed. An example in which the seam welded portion 8 is formed only on the edge portion of is shown. 13 shows an example in which the clad material 10 is applied to the tube sheet 71 of the heat exchanger. In the manufacturing method, first, a large number of through holes 40a are formed in the base metal layer 1 and the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 in advance, the corrosion-resistant metal plate material 4 is superposed on the upper surface of the base metal layer 1, and seam welding is performed at the overlapping portion. The part 8 is formed. Next, the base metal layer 1 is integrated with the cylindrical body portion 50 by welding. Then, the pipe material 4 is provided in each through hole 40a of the base metal layer 1.
0 is inserted, and the peripheral edge of the pipe 40 and the corrosion-resistant metal plate 4 are fixed and welded with their end faces aligned.

[0022]

【Example】

(Example) A 50 mm long, 50 cm wide, 12 mm thick base metal layer formed on a plate-shaped base metal layer, and a stainless steel mesh (wire diameter: 0.1 to 0.5 mm, mesh spacing: 16 to 100 mesh) of the same area as that, and Corrosion-resistant metal plate materials (thickness 0.5 to 1.5 mm) were laminated, and seam welds along the longitudinal direction of the base metal layer were formed at 25 mm intervals by the method shown in FIG. 1 to form a clad material (Table 1, sample number). 1-9). On the other hand, a sample (Table 1, sample numbers 10 to 15) in which a corrosion-resistant metal plate and a base metal layer were directly overlapped and seam welded without using a metal net was also prepared.

The materials used for each part are as follows.・ Base metal layer: Carbon steel (SS400), stainless steel (SUS
304, SUS316). -Corrosion resistant metal plate material: Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Ti-P
d alloy (Pd: 0.15 wt%, balance Ti, wt% indicates wt%), stainless steel (SUS304).・ Metal mesh: Stainless steel (SUS304), carbon steel (SS40
0).

The conditions for seam welding were adjusted within the following ranges: -Welding current: 5000-25000A-Electrification time: 5-50 cycles-Pause time: 5-50 cycles-Pressure force: 500-1500kg-Electrode width : 5 ~ 20mm ・ Welding speed: 500 ~ 1500mm / min. Then, a bending test is performed on the obtained clad material (inner bending radius: twice the thickness of the clad material, bending angle: 180 °).
Then, the quality of the joined state was judged based on the presence or absence of peeling between the corrosion-resistant metal plate and the base metal layer.
The results are shown in Table 1.

[0025]

[Table 1]

It can be seen that all of the clad materials of the present invention showed a good joining state, whereas the clad materials of the comparative examples all had peeling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a method for manufacturing a clad material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a step of forming a seam welded portion of the clad material of the present invention.

3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a difference in effect between the case where only one metal net is used and the case where two metal nets are used.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example in which a base metal layer is formed in a cylindrical shape.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of the same conical shape.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example similarly formed in a flat lid shape.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a formation pattern of the seam welded portion.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an example in which a base metal layer is formed in a rectangular plate shape.

FIG. 11 is a plan view and a side view showing an example in which a seam weld is formed while avoiding a protrusion formed on a plate surface.

FIG. 12 is a plan view and a side view showing an example in which a seam weld is formed only on an edge of a corrosion-resistant metal plate.

13A and 13B are a plan view and a side view showing an example in which a large number of pipe materials are joined to a plate surface of a corrosion-resistant metal plate material.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing a method of forming a seam welded portion by a series seam welding method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Base Metal Layer 3 Metal Mesh 4 Corrosion Resistant Metal Plate (Corrosion Resistant Metal Cover Layer) 6 Roller Electrode 8 Seam Weld 10 Clad Material

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B23K 20/00 360 B23K 20/00 360D 360E 20/16 20/16

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A base metal layer composed of Fe or an Fe alloy, a metal net laminated on the base metal layer and composed of a metal containing Fe as a main component, and a side opposite to the base metal layer. Formed on the above-mentioned metal net by a roller electrode and a corrosion-resistant metal coating layer composed of a metal containing any of Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, and Ni as a main component, or stainless steel, and formed into a linear or planar shape. And a seam weld connecting the base metal layer, the metal mesh, and the corrosion-resistant metal coating layer to each other, and a clad material. 2. The corrosion-resistant metal coating layer is made of Ti or Ti.
The clad material according to claim 1, which is an alloy. 3. The corrosion-resistant metal coating layer is Zr or Zr.
The clad material according to claim 1, which is an alloy.