JPH0919073A - Method of boosting charge for secondary battery - Google Patents
Method of boosting charge for secondary batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0919073A JPH0919073A JP7165609A JP16560995A JPH0919073A JP H0919073 A JPH0919073 A JP H0919073A JP 7165609 A JP7165609 A JP 7165609A JP 16560995 A JP16560995 A JP 16560995A JP H0919073 A JPH0919073 A JP H0919073A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- voltage
- secondary battery
- battery
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、二次電池の急速充電方
法に関し、特にリチウムイオン二次電池の充電に好適に
利用できる急速充電方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rapid charging method for a secondary battery, and more particularly to a rapid charging method that can be suitably used for charging a lithium ion secondary battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】二次電池の充電に際しては、その二次電
池に許される充電電流の範囲内で適当に設定された一定
電流にて充電が行なわれる。二次電池が充電されるのに
伴って電池の出力電圧は上昇し、充電電圧がその二次電
池の定格電圧を越えると過充電となるので、その時点で
充電を停止するのが原理的な充電方法である。2. Description of the Related Art When charging a secondary battery, it is charged at a constant current appropriately set within the range of the charging current allowed for the secondary battery. The output voltage of the battery rises as the secondary battery is charged, and overcharging occurs when the charging voltage exceeds the rated voltage of the secondary battery.Therefore, it is theoretically necessary to stop charging at that point. It is a charging method.
【０００３】即ち、電池の内部抵抗が０Ωで、充電量に
比例して電圧が上昇する理想電池の場合には、図４
（ａ）に示すように、二次電池１１に対して定電流定電
圧充電用電源１２を用いて充電すると、図４（ｂ）に示
すように、一定の充電制御電流ＩCHG にて充電され、そ
れに伴って二次電池１１の出力電圧ＶBATTが直線的に上
昇し、二次電池１１の出力電圧ＶBATTが充電制御電圧Ｖ
CHG に到達するとその時点で充電電流ＩCHG が０になっ
て充電が完了する。従って、充電電流ＩCHG を可能な限
り大きくすることにより、短時間で高速充電することが
できる。That is, in the case of an ideal battery in which the internal resistance of the battery is 0Ω and the voltage rises in proportion to the charge amount, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4A, when the secondary battery 11 is charged using the constant current / constant voltage charging power source 12, as shown in FIG. 4B, the secondary battery 11 is charged with a constant charge control current I CHG . Accordingly, the output voltage V BATT of the secondary battery 11 increases linearly, and the output voltage V BATT of the secondary battery 11 changes to the charge control voltage V.
When reaching CHG , the charging current I CHG becomes 0 at that point and charging is completed. Therefore, by increasing the charging current I CHG as much as possible, high-speed charging can be performed in a short time.
【０００４】ところが、実際の二次電池２１は、図５
（ａ）に等価回路で表したように、二次電池２１には内
部抵抗Ｒ1 があり、かつ充電時には充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2
の影響を受ける。特に、二次電池２１が過充放電を防止
する半導体スイッチング素子等を内蔵したリチウムイオ
ン二次電池の場合には、例えば充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2 は４
０〜５０ｍΩ程度であるのに対して、半導体スイッチン
グ素子等の抵抗は１００ｍΩ、電池セル自体の内部抵抗
は１セル当たり８０ｍΩ程度であり、内部抵抗Ｒ1 の影
響は非常に大きい。このような二次電池２１に定電流定
電圧充電用電源２２を用いて充電すると、図５（ｂ）に
示すような充電特性となる。すなわち、二次電池２１に
一定の充電電流ＩCHG で定電流充電すると、充電に伴っ
て充電電圧ＶOUT 及びそれより抵抗Ｒ1 、Ｒ2 分だけ低
い電池電圧ＶBATTが上昇し、充電電圧ＶOUT が充電制御
電圧ＶCHG に到達すると、充電電圧ＶOUT が充電制御電
圧ＶCHG に制御された定電圧充電に切り換わり、充電電
流ＩCHG を徐々に減じながら充電が継続され、充電電流
ＩCHG が一定電流値以下になるとその時点で充電が完了
したものとして充電を終了している。その充電量は、図
５（ｂ）に斜線で示すように、充電電流ＩCHG の時間積
分値で与えられる。However, the actual secondary battery 21 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the equivalent circuit in (a), the secondary battery 21 has an internal resistance R 1 , and the charging path resistance R 2 is present during charging.
Affected by. In particular, when the secondary battery 21 is a lithium ion secondary battery including a semiconductor switching element or the like for preventing overcharging / discharging, for example, the resistance R 2 of the charging path is 4
The resistance of the semiconductor switching element or the like is 100 mΩ, and the internal resistance of the battery cell itself is about 80 mΩ per cell, while it is about 0 to 50 mΩ, and the influence of the internal resistance R 1 is very large. When the secondary battery 21 is charged by using the constant current / constant voltage charging power source 22, the charging characteristics are as shown in FIG. 5B. That is, when the secondary battery 21 is charged with a constant charging current I CHG at a constant current, the charging voltage V OUT and the battery voltage V BATT lower than the charging voltage V OUT and the resistances R 1 and R 2 are increased and the charging voltage V OUT is increased. When OUT reaches the charge control voltage V CHG, switched to constant voltage charging the charge voltage V OUT is controlled to the charge control voltage V CHG, the charging is continued while gradually reduced charging current I CHG, the charging current I CHG When the value becomes less than a constant current value, the charging is considered to be completed at that point and the charging is finished. The charging amount is given by the time integral value of the charging current I CHG as shown by the hatched area in FIG.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上記従来の
充電方法では、充電時間は定電流充電時間と定電圧充電
時間の合計時間で与えられ、かつ定電圧充電時間が長い
ために、急速充電して短時間で充電を終了することがで
きないという問題があった。例えば、総充電時間は１．
５〜２時間を要し、その内定電流充電時間が３０〜４０
％程度、定電圧充電時間が６０〜７０％程度を占めるの
が通例である。However, in the above conventional charging method, the charging time is given by the total time of the constant current charging time and the constant voltage charging time, and the constant voltage charging time is long, so that the rapid charging is performed. There was a problem that charging could not be completed in a short time. For example, the total charging time is 1.
It takes 5 to 2 hours, of which constant current charging time is 30 to 40
%, And the constant voltage charging time occupies about 60 to 70%.
【０００６】そこで、充電電流ＩCHG を大きくすること
によって充電時間を短くすることが考えられるが、図６
に示すように、その場合には定電流充電時間はかなり短
くなっても定電圧充電時間が長くなってしまうために、
結局総充電時間はあまり短くならない。すなわち、定電
圧充電時における充電電流ＩCHG の電流垂下特性は抵抗
Ｒ1 、Ｒ2 によって決定されており、定電流充填時の充
電電流ＩCHG を大きくすると定電圧充電時間が長くなっ
てしまうのである。Therefore, it is possible to shorten the charging time by increasing the charging current I CHG .
In that case, the constant voltage charging time becomes long, but the constant voltage charging time becomes long.
After all, the total charging time does not become so short. That is, the current drooping characteristic of the charging current I CHG during constant voltage charging is determined by the resistors R 1 and R 2 , and if the charging current I CHG during constant current charging is increased, the constant voltage charging time becomes longer. is there.
【０００７】本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑み、内部
抵抗の大きい二次電池においても急速充電して短時間で
充電を完了できる二次電池の急速充電方法を提供するこ
とを目的としている。In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a secondary battery rapid charging method capable of rapidly charging a secondary battery having a large internal resistance and completing charging in a short time. .
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の二次電池の急速
充電方法は、定電圧定電流出力特性を有する充電用電源
を用いた二次電池の急速充電方法であって、電池の内部
抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電
圧を電池の定格電圧にほぼ対応する基準充電電圧に加重
した電圧を充電制御電圧として充電し、充電用電源の出
力電圧が充電制御電圧に到達したときに充電を停止する
ことを特徴とする。A rapid charging method for a secondary battery according to the present invention is a rapid charging method for a secondary battery using a charging power source having a constant voltage / constant current output characteristic. And the voltage equivalent to the voltage drop due to the resistance of the charging path is added to the reference charging voltage that corresponds approximately to the rated voltage of the battery as the charging control voltage, and charging is performed, and the output voltage of the charging power supply reaches the charging control voltage. It is characterized by sometimes stopping charging.
【０００９】好適には、充電開始直後一定時間経過後に
充電を停止し、充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差を計測
し、その電位差を電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗に
よる電圧降下分として充電制御電圧を設定する。Preferably, the charging is stopped after a lapse of a fixed time immediately after the start of charging, the potential difference immediately before and after the termination of charging is measured, and the potential difference is controlled as a voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path. Set the voltage.
【００１０】更に、充電中に一定時間間隔毎に充電を停
止し、充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差を計測し、その
電位差を電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗による電圧
降下分として充電制御電圧を設定するのが好ましい。Further, during charging, charging is stopped at regular time intervals, the potential difference immediately before and immediately after the termination of the charging is measured, and the potential difference is taken as the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path, and the charging control voltage. Is preferably set.
【００１１】又は、電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗
を計測し、これらの抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電
圧を基準充電電圧に加重した電圧を充電制御電圧とする
こともできる。Alternatively, it is possible to measure the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path, and use the voltage obtained by weighting the reference charging voltage by a voltage corresponding to the voltage drop due to these resistances as the charging control voltage.
【００１２】さらに、充電用電源の出力電圧が充電制御
電圧に到達して充電を停止した後電池出力電圧を検出
し、充電停止後一定時間が経過するまでに、電池の定格
電圧よりも低い所定電圧値を下回ったときに再度充電を
行なう工程を繰り返す。Further, the battery output voltage is detected after the output voltage of the charging power source reaches the charging control voltage and the charging is stopped, and a predetermined voltage lower than the rated voltage of the battery is detected before a certain time elapses after the charging is stopped. The process of charging again when the voltage value falls below is repeated.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】本発明の二次電池の急速充電方法によれば、電
池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗による電圧降下分に相
当する電圧を電池の定格電圧にほぼ対応する基準充電電
圧に加重した電圧を充電制御電圧として定電流定電圧充
電することにより、内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗のない
二次電池、即ち理想電池に対する充電に準じた状態で定
電流充電でき、充電用電源の出力電圧が充電制御電圧に
到達すると、二次電池の出力電圧はほぼその定格電圧に
達して充電が完了した状態となっているので、その時点
で充電を停止することにより定電流充電だけで充電を完
了でき、急速充電にて短時間で充電できる。According to the rapid charging method for a secondary battery of the present invention, a voltage obtained by weighting a voltage corresponding to the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path to the reference charging voltage substantially corresponding to the rated voltage of the battery. By charging with a constant current and constant voltage as a charge control voltage, constant current charging can be performed in a state similar to charging for a secondary battery without internal resistance and resistance of the charging path, that is, an ideal battery, and the output voltage of the charging power supply is charged. When the control voltage is reached, the output voltage of the secondary battery has almost reached its rated voltage and the charging is completed, so by stopping the charging at that point, charging can be completed only by constant current charging, It can be charged in a short time by quick charging.
【００１４】また、電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗
による電圧降下分に相当する電圧を、充電開始直後一定
時間経過後に充電を停止し、充電停止直前と停止直後の
電位差を計測して得るようにすると、充電時にその二次
電池の現状における当該電圧を正確に計測でき、簡単な
構成と制御によって適切に急速充電を行なうことができ
る。Further, the voltage corresponding to the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path is obtained by stopping the charging after a lapse of a certain time immediately after the start of charging and measuring the potential difference immediately before and immediately after the stop of charging. In this case, the current voltage of the secondary battery at the time of charging can be accurately measured, and rapid charging can be appropriately performed with a simple configuration and control.
【００１５】更に、充電中に一定時間間隔毎に上記電圧
の計測を行なって充電制御電圧を設定すると、充電中に
二次電池や充電経路に変化が生じた場合にもそれに対応
して適切な充電制御電圧が設定され、常に適切に急速充
電を行なうことができる。Further, if the voltage is measured at a constant time interval during charging and the charging control voltage is set, even if a change occurs in the secondary battery or the charging path during charging, the charging control voltage can be appropriately adjusted accordingly. The charge control voltage is set, and rapid charging can always be appropriately performed.
【００１６】また、上記充電停止前後の電位差を測定す
る方法以外にも、適宜方法で充電前又は充電中に直接又
は間接的に電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗を計測し
てこれらの抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電圧を得る
ようにしても同様の作用を奏することができる。In addition to the method of measuring the potential difference before and after the charging is stopped, the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path are directly or indirectly measured before or during the charging by an appropriate method, and these resistances are measured. Even if a voltage corresponding to the voltage drop is obtained, the same operation can be achieved.
【００１７】更に、充電用電源の出力電圧が充電制御電
圧に一旦到達して充電を停止した後電池出力電圧を検出
し、充電停止後一定時間が経過するまでに、電池の定格
電圧よりも低い所定電圧値を下回ったときに、再度充電
を行なう工程を繰り返すと、完全な充電状態に安定する
まで二次電池を確実に充電できる。Furthermore, the output voltage of the charging power source once reaches the charge control voltage and stops the charging, then the battery output voltage is detected, and the voltage is lower than the rated voltage of the battery by a certain time after the stop of charging. By repeating the process of charging again when the voltage falls below the predetermined voltage value, the secondary battery can be reliably charged until the state of being fully charged is stabilized.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】以下、本発明の急速充電方法の一実施例につ
いて、図１、図２を参照して説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the rapid charging method of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
【００１９】図１（ａ）において、１はリチウムイオン
電池パックから成る二次電池であり、この二次電池１は
等価回路で表したように内部抵抗Ｒ1 があり、かつ充電
時には充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2 の影響を受ける。内部抵抗Ｒ
1 は、電池セルの内部抵抗や過充放電を防止するための
寄生ダイオード付きＦＥＴ等による抵抗であり、抵抗Ｒ
2 に比してかなり大きい抵抗値を与える。２は定電流定
電圧充電用電源であり、その充電制御電流及び充電制御
電圧を任意に制御可能に構成されている。In FIG. 1 (a), reference numeral 1 denotes a secondary battery composed of a lithium-ion battery pack. This secondary battery 1 has an internal resistance R 1 as represented by an equivalent circuit, and has a charging path of a charging path at the time of charging. It is affected by the resistance R 2 . Internal resistance R
1 is the resistance of the internal resistance of the battery cell or the resistance of the FET with a parasitic diode for preventing overcharging / discharging.
It gives a resistance value considerably higher than 2 . Reference numeral 2 denotes a constant current / constant voltage charging power supply, which is configured to be able to arbitrarily control the charging control current and charging control voltage.
【００２０】本実施例においては、定電流定電圧充電用
電源２により、図１（ｂ）に示すように、二次電池１の
内部抵抗Ｒ1 及び充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2 による電圧降下分
に相当する電圧ΔＶCHG を電池の定格電圧にほぼ対応す
る基準充電電圧ＶCHG に加重した電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶ
CHG ）を充電制御電圧として定電流ＩCHG で充電し、充
電用電源２の出力電圧ＶOUT が充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋
ΔＶCHG ）に到達したときに充電を停止している。In this embodiment, the constant-current / constant-voltage charging power source 2 reduces the voltage drop due to the internal resistance R 1 of the secondary battery 1 and the charging path resistance R 2 as shown in FIG. 1 (b). A voltage (V CHG + ΔV) obtained by weighting the corresponding charging voltage ΔV CHG to the reference charging voltage V CHG substantially corresponding to the rated voltage of the battery.
CHG ) is used as a charge control voltage and is charged with a constant current I CHG , and the output voltage V OUT of the charging power source 2 is the charge control voltage (V CHG +
Charging is stopped when ΔV CHG ) is reached.
【００２１】上記電池の内部抵抗Ｒ1 及び充電経路の抵
抗Ｒ2 による電圧降下分ΔＶCHG は、図２に示すよう
に、充電開始直後、充電作用が安定するのに必要な数１
０秒程度の一定時間ｔ1 が経過した後に一旦充電を停止
し、充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差を計測することに
よって得られる。この電位差の計測は、充電停止後１０
０ｍ秒程度の時間内に行なうと、電気化学的な反応によ
る電位低下が発生しないので正確な値を計測することが
できる。As shown in FIG. 2, the voltage drop ΔV CHG due to the internal resistance R 1 of the battery and the resistance R 2 of the charging path is, as shown in FIG.
It can be obtained by temporarily stopping charging after a lapse of a fixed time t 1 of about 0 seconds and measuring the potential difference immediately before and after stopping charging. This potential difference is measured 10 times after the charging is stopped.
If it is performed within about 0 msec, the potential drop due to the electrochemical reaction does not occur, so that an accurate value can be measured.
【００２２】本実施例の二次電池の急速充電方法によれ
ば、内部抵抗Ｒ1 及び充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2 のない二次電
池、即ち理想電池に対する充電に準じた状態で二次電池
１を定電流充電でき、充電用電源２の出力電圧ＶOUT が
充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG ）に到達した状態で、
二次電池１の出力電圧ＶBATTはその定格電圧に達して充
電が完了した状態となっている。かくして、定電流充電
だけで急速充電を完了できるので、１時間以内の短時間
充電を実現することができる。According to the rapid charging method for a secondary battery according to this embodiment, the secondary battery 1 is charged in a state conforming to charging a secondary battery having no internal resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 in the charging path, that is, an ideal battery. In the state where constant current charging is possible and the output voltage V OUT of the charging power source 2 reaches the charge control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ),
The output voltage V BATT of the secondary battery 1 has reached its rated voltage, and charging is completed. Thus, the rapid charging can be completed only by the constant current charging, so that the short-time charging within 1 hour can be realized.
【００２３】また、本実施例では電池の内部抵抗Ｒ1 及
び充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2 による電圧降下分に相当する電圧
ΔＶCHG を、充電開始直後一定時間経過後に充電を停止
し、充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差を計測して得るよ
うにしているので、充電時にその二次電池１の現状にお
ける当該電圧を正確に計測でき、簡単な構成と制御によ
って適切に急速充電を行なうことができる。Further, in the present embodiment, the voltage ΔV CHG corresponding to the voltage drop due to the internal resistance R 1 of the battery and the resistance R 2 of the charging path is stopped immediately after the start of charging after a lapse of a fixed time and immediately before the stop of charging. Since the potential difference immediately after the stop is measured and obtained, the current voltage of the secondary battery 1 can be accurately measured at the time of charging, and the quick charging can be appropriately performed with a simple configuration and control.
【００２４】更に、上記実施例の説明では、充電開始直
後にのみΔＶCHG を計測して充電制御電圧を設定する例
を示したが、充電中に、例えば数分或いは１０数分間隔
毎に充電を停止して充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差Δ
ＶCHG を計測し、充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG ）を
設定し直すようにすると、充電中に二次電池１や充電経
路に変化が生じた場合にもそれに対応して適切な充電制
御電圧が設定され、常に適切に急速充電を行なうことが
できる。Furthermore, in the description of the above embodiment, an example in which ΔV CHG is measured and the charge control voltage is set only immediately after the start of charging has been shown. However, during charging, for example, charging is performed at intervals of a few minutes or a few tens of minutes. Difference between immediately before and after stopping charging
By measuring V CHG and resetting the charge control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ), even if the secondary battery 1 or the charge path changes during charging, an appropriate charge control voltage can be correspondingly set. Is set, and fast charging can always be performed appropriately.
【００２５】また、上記実施例では充電開始直後、又は
充電中に適当時間間隔おきに充電を停止してその充電停
止前後の電位差によってΔＶCHG を計測する例を示した
が、充電前又は充電中に適宜方法で直接又は間接的に二
次電池１の内部抵抗Ｒ1 及び充電経路の抵抗Ｒ2 を計測
してこれらの抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電圧ΔＶ
CHG を演算して得るようにしてもよい。Further, in the above embodiment, an example is shown in which charging is stopped immediately after the start of charging or at an appropriate time interval during charging and ΔV CHG is measured by the potential difference before and after the stop of charging, but before or during charging. corresponds to a voltage drop due to the resistors to measure the resistance R 2 directly or indirectly secondary internal resistance R 1 and the charging path of the battery 1 by an appropriate method to the voltage ΔV
CHG may be calculated and obtained.
【００２６】次に、他の実施例について図３を参照して
説明する。上記実施例では、充電用電源１の出力電圧Ｖ
OUT が充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG ）に到達する
と、一応二次電池１の充電が完了したものとして充電を
停止しているが、実際にはそのまま二次電池１の充電を
停止すると電池内部の電気化学的反応によってその出力
電圧ＶBATTは若干低下することになる。そこで、図３に
示すように、充電用電源１の出力電圧ＶOUT が充電制御
電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG ）に到達して充電を停止した後
に電池出力電圧ＶBATTを検出し、充電停止後ｔ時間で定
格電圧に対応する基準充電電圧ＶCHG より若干低い電圧
値に設定した低下検出電圧ＶCHGLまで低下すると、再度
充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG ）で充電を行い、出力
電圧ＶOUTが充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG ）に到達
すると充電を停止するというパルス状の充電動作を繰り
返す。そして、ｔ時間が約１分程度に設定したＴ時間を
越えると、最終的に充電を終了する。Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the above embodiment, the output voltage V of the charging power source 1
When OUT reaches the charge control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ), the charging of the secondary battery 1 is temporarily stopped as if the charging of the secondary battery 1 was completed. The output voltage V BATT will be slightly reduced by the electrochemical reaction of. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, after the output voltage V OUT of the charging power source 1 reaches the charging control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ) and the charging is stopped, the battery output voltage V BATT is detected, and after the charging is stopped, t When the voltage drops to the drop detection voltage V CHGL set to a voltage value slightly lower than the reference charge voltage V CHG corresponding to the rated voltage in time, charging is performed again with the charge control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ) and the output voltage V OUT is charged. When the control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ) is reached, the charging operation is stopped in a pulsed manner. Then, when the time t exceeds the preset time T of about 1 minute, the charging is finally terminated.
【００２７】このように充電用電源２の出力電圧ＶOUT
が充電制御電圧（ＶCHG ＋ΔＶCHG）に一旦到達した後
も電池出力電圧ＢBATTを検出して低下検出電圧ＶCHGLを
下回るとパルス状の充電を繰り返すことにより、完全な
充電状態に安定するまで二次電池１を確実に充電でき
る。Thus, the output voltage V OUT of the charging power source 2
Until the charging control voltage (V CHG + ΔV CHG ) is reached once, the battery output voltage B BATT is detected and when the voltage falls below the drop detection voltage V CHGL , pulsed charging is repeated until the battery reaches a completely charged state. The secondary battery 1 can be reliably charged.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明の二次電池の急速充電方法によれ
ば、以上の説明から明らかなように、電池の内部抵抗及
び充電経路の抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電圧を二
次電池の定格電圧にほぼ対応した基準充電電圧に加重し
た電圧を充電制御電圧として定電流定電圧充電すること
により、理想電池に対する充電に準じた状態で定電流充
電でき、充電用電源の出力電圧が充電制御電圧に到達す
ると、二次電池の出力電圧はその定格電圧に達して充電
が完了した状態となっているので、その時点で充電を停
止することにより定電流充電だけで充電を完了でき、急
速充電にて短時間で充電できる。According to the method for rapidly charging a secondary battery of the present invention, as is clear from the above description, the voltage corresponding to the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path is applied to the secondary battery. Constant-current constant-voltage charging is performed by using a voltage weighted to the reference charging voltage that corresponds to the rated voltage as the charging control voltage, so that constant-current charging can be performed in a state similar to charging for an ideal battery, and the output voltage of the charging power supply is charge-controlled. When the voltage is reached, the output voltage of the secondary battery reaches the rated voltage and the charging is completed, so by stopping the charging at that point, the charging can be completed only by constant current charging, and the rapid charging Can be charged in a short time.
【００２９】また、電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗
による電圧降下分に相当する電圧を得るのに、充電開始
直後一定時間経過後に充電を停止し、充電停止直前と停
止直後の電位差を計測すると、充電時にその電池の現状
における当該電圧を正確に計測でき、簡単な構成と制御
によって適切に急速充電を行なうことができる。Further, in order to obtain a voltage corresponding to the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path, if the charging is stopped after a lapse of a fixed time immediately after the start of charging and the potential difference immediately before and immediately after stopping the charging is measured. During charging, the current voltage of the battery can be accurately measured, and rapid charging can be appropriately performed with a simple configuration and control.
【００３０】更に、充電中に一定時間間隔毎に上記電圧
の計測を行なって充電制御電圧を設定すると、充電中に
二次電池や充電経路に変化が生じた場合にもそれに対応
して適切な充電制御電圧が設定され、常に適切に急速充
電を行なうことができる。Furthermore, when the above voltage is measured at a constant time interval during charging and the charging control voltage is set, even if a change occurs in the secondary battery or the charging path during charging, it is appropriate for the change. The charge control voltage is set, and rapid charging can always be appropriately performed.
【００３１】また、上記充電停止前後の電位差を測定す
る方法以外にも、適宜方法で充電前又は充電中に直接又
は間接的に充電経路及び電池の内部抵抗を計測してこれ
らの抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電圧を得るように
しても同様の作用を奏することができる。In addition to the method of measuring the potential difference before and after the charging is stopped, the internal resistance of the charging path and the battery is directly or indirectly measured before or during the charging by an appropriate method and the voltage drop due to these resistances is measured. Even if a voltage corresponding to the amount is obtained, the same operation can be achieved.
【００３２】更に、充電用電源の出力電圧が充電制御電
圧に一旦到達して充電を停止した後電池出力電圧を検出
し、充電停止後一定時間が経過するまでに、電池の定格
電圧よりも低い所定電圧値を下回ったときに、再度充電
を行なう工程を繰り返すと、完全な充電状態に安定する
まで二次電池を確実に充電できる。Further, the output voltage of the charging power source once reaches the charging control voltage and stops charging, then the battery output voltage is detected, and the voltage is lower than the rated voltage of the battery by a certain time after the charging is stopped. By repeating the process of charging again when the voltage falls below the predetermined voltage value, the secondary battery can be reliably charged until the state of being fully charged is stabilized.
【図１】本発明の急速充電方法の一実施例を示し、
（ａ）は充電回路図、（ｂ）は充電特性図である。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a rapid charging method of the present invention,
(A) is a charging circuit diagram and (b) is a charging characteristic diagram.
【図２】同実施例における充電経路及び電池の内部抵抗
に相当する電圧の測定方法の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring a voltage corresponding to an internal resistance of a charging path and a battery in the example.
【図３】本発明の急速充電方法の他の実施例における充
電特性図である。FIG. 3 is a charging characteristic diagram in another embodiment of the rapid charging method of the present invention.
【図４】理想電池における充電方法を示し、（ａ）はそ
の充電回路図、（ｂ）は充電特性図である。FIG. 4 shows a charging method in an ideal battery, (a) is a charging circuit diagram thereof, and (b) is a charging characteristic diagram.
【図５】従来例の充電方法を示し、（ａ）はその充電回
路図、（ｂ）は充電特性図である。5A and 5B show a conventional charging method, in which FIG. 5A is a charging circuit diagram thereof, and FIG. 5B is a charging characteristic diagram thereof.
【図６】他の従来例の充電方法の充電特性図である。FIG. 6 is a charging characteristic diagram of another conventional charging method.
１ 二次電池 ２ 定電流定電圧充電用電源 Ｒ1 内部抵抗 Ｒ2 充電経路の抵抗1 Secondary battery 2 Constant current constant voltage charging power supply R 1 Internal resistance R 2 Charging path resistance
Claims (5)
源を用いた二次電池の急速充電方法であって、電池の内
部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する
電圧を二次電池の定格電圧に対応する基準充電電圧に加
重した電圧を充電制御電圧として充電し、充電用電源の
出力電圧が充電制御電圧に到達したときに充電を停止す
ることを特徴とする二次電池の急速充電方法。1. A rapid charging method for a secondary battery using a charging power source having a constant voltage / constant current output characteristic, wherein a voltage corresponding to a voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of a charging path is secondary. The secondary battery is characterized by charging a voltage weighted to the reference charging voltage corresponding to the rated voltage of the battery as the charging control voltage, and stopping the charging when the output voltage of the charging power supply reaches the charging control voltage. Quick charge method.
止し、充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差を計測し、その
電位差を電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗による電圧
降下分として充電制御電圧を設定することを特徴とする
請求項１記載の二次電池の急速充電方法。2. The charging is stopped after a lapse of a certain period of time immediately after the start of charging, the potential difference immediately before and after the termination of charging is measured, and the potential difference is taken as a voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path to obtain the charge control voltage. The method for rapid charging of a secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the setting is performed.
し、充電停止直前と停止直後の電位差を計測し、その電
位差を電池の内部抵抗及び充電経路の抵抗による電圧降
下分として充電制御電圧を設定することを特徴とする請
求項１又は２記載の二次電池の急速充電方法。3. The charging control voltage is obtained by stopping the charging at regular time intervals during charging, measuring the potential difference immediately before and after the termination of the charging, and using the potential difference as a voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance of the charging path. The rapid charging method for a secondary battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
測し、これらの抵抗による電圧降下分に相当する電圧を
基準充電電圧に加重した電圧を充電制御電圧とすること
を特徴とする請求項１記載の二次電池の急速充電方法。4. The charge control voltage is obtained by measuring an internal resistance of a battery and a resistance of a charging path and adding a voltage corresponding to a voltage drop due to these resistances to a reference charging voltage. 2. A rapid charging method for a secondary battery according to 1.
到達して充電を停止した後電池出力電圧を検出し、充電
停止後一定時間が経過するまでに、電池の定格電圧より
も低い所定電圧値を下回ったときに再度充電を行なう工
程を繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項１、２、３または
４記載の二次電池の急速充電方法。5. The battery output voltage is detected after the output voltage of the charging power source reaches the charge control voltage and the charging is stopped, and a predetermined voltage lower than the rated voltage of the battery is detected before a certain time elapses after the charging is stopped. The rapid charging method for a secondary battery according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the step of recharging is repeated when the voltage falls below the voltage value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16560995A JP3174481B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 1995-06-30 | How to fast charge secondary batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16560995A JP3174481B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 1995-06-30 | How to fast charge secondary batteries |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0919073A true JPH0919073A (en) | 1997-01-17 |
| JP3174481B2 JP3174481B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 |
Family
ID=15815620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16560995A Expired - Fee Related JP3174481B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 1995-06-30 | How to fast charge secondary batteries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3174481B2 (en) |
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| JP2005322592A (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Sony Corp | Charging method of secondary battery |
| JP2009106118A (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-05-14 | Hitachi Koki Co Ltd | Charging device |
| WO2012042585A1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Battery control system |
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| JP2009106118A (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-05-14 | Hitachi Koki Co Ltd | Charging device |
| US8947055B2 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2015-02-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery control system |
| WO2012042585A1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Battery control system |
| CN102771003A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-11-07 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Battery control system |
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| US9525300B2 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2016-12-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electricity storage system |
| JP2014150610A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-21 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Dc power supply device, method for charging storage battery, and device for monitoring and controlling dc power supply device |
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