JPH09163841A - Finish cutting apparatus for chinese cabbage and chinese cabbage harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a finish cutting apparatus to highly automate the finish cutting work of a Chinese cabbage for cutting the core stalk which has hitherto been performed by manual operation and provide a Chinese cabbage harvester provided with the finish cutting apparatus. SOLUTION: This Chinese cabbage harvester is provided with a pair of right and left augers 4, 4 to dig out Chinese cabbage planted on a field, a pair of clamping belts 6 to pull out the harvested Chinese cabbage and hoist on a mobile machine body 1, a turn table-type finish cutting apparatus 11 to cut the core stalk of the Chinese cabbage transferred by the clamping belts 6 and a container 2 for recovering the Chinese cabbage free from the core stalk. The finish cutting apparatus 11 is provided with a posture holding mechanism (a) to fix and keep the posture of a Chinese cabbage, a cutting mechanism (b) to scoop out and cut the core stalk of the Chinese cabbage and a positioning means to position the cutting mechanism (b) to the core stalk of the Chinese cabbage maintained to a correct posture by the posture holding mechanism (a).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a finishing cutting device for cutting the core of Chinese cabbage from the root.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In terms of appearance as a product, Chinese cabbage is generally cut off at the root of the outermost leaf at the root of the leaf, and the cutting work of the cabbage is conventionally cut. Then it was covered by human work.

[0003]

Due to the modernization and labor saving of agriculture in recent years, there is an active movement to mechanize the harvesting work of vegetables such as carrots and cabbage. For Chinese cabbage, labor saving work and efficiency improvement. There is an increasing demand to promote. Therefore, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a finishing cutting device in which the finishing cutting work for cutting a stem core that relies on manpower is mechanized as much as possible, and the second object is to use the finishing cutting device to produce Chinese cabbage. It is to realize a harvester.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems [Structure] A first invention for achieving the above object is to provide a posture holding mechanism for holding a Chinese cabbage in a posture such that the axis of the cabbage is in a set direction, and a cabbage core. Is a cutting mechanism capable of cutting, and a positioning means for aligning the cutting mechanism with the stem core of the Chinese cabbage posture-held by the posture holding mechanism, thereby forming a Chinese cabbage finish cutting device.

A second aspect of the present invention is that the cutting mechanism of the first aspect of the invention is configured in a state in which the stem core of Chinese cabbage can be gouged.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, a plurality of posture holding mechanisms are circumferentially arranged on a pedestal that can be driven and rotated about the vertical axis, and Chinese cabbage is used for the posture holding mechanism. The cutting mechanism is configured so that the stem core is cut while the pedestal is rotated by a predetermined angle while the posture is maintained.

A fourth aspect of the invention is a digging section for digging Chinese cabbage planted in a field, a transport mechanism for pumping the digged Chinese cabbage onto a traveling machine body, and a stem of Chinese cabbage fed from the transport mechanism. A finish cutting device that cuts the core, a collecting unit that can collect the Chinese cabbage from which the stem core has been cut off, a posture holding mechanism that determines the posture of the Chinese cabbage and holds the finish cutting device, and a Chinese cabbage stem core. The cabbage harvesting machine is configured to include a cutting mechanism capable of cutting and positioning means for aligning the cutting mechanism with the stem core of the Chinese cabbage posture-held by the posture holding mechanism.

[Action] Chinese cabbage has a stem core in the central region of a substantially cylindrical Chinese cabbage, and when the Chinese cabbage is erected with the leaf tips upward, the root of the outermost leaf is The feature is that many of them have a shape that is closer to the upper side than the middle part of the outermost leaf. Therefore, in the case of, for example, a cabbage stem cutting device, in which a horizontal cutting surface level is set and the cabbage is simply laterally moved to cut the stem continuously, in many cases, the stem core is left uncut. It is not a good idea that it will occur.

Therefore, according to the structure of claim 1, the stem core cutting mechanism is aligned by the positioning means with the stem core of Chinese cabbage whose posture is held by the posture holding mechanism in the state where the axis is in the set direction. , It is necessary to perform a cutting operation in a portion recessed from the surrounding leaf portion, and as described above, the stem core cutting operation of Chinese cabbage, which is difficult with a general means of simply transferring to a cutting device, is made into a state with no uncut portion. While being able to mechanize.

From the appearance, it is desirable to cut the stem core of Chinese cabbage by cutting the root of the leaf. However, depending on the production area or sales area, there is a strong desire to completely remove the stem core without leaving it. is there. Then, according to the configuration of claim 2, since the cutting mechanism has a scooping structure,
The cut surface of the stem core is recessed, so that the stem core can be cut deeper without changing the position of the cut end with respect to the leaf.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the steps related to the reception of the Chinese cabbage and the cutting of the stem core are automatically performed while the pedestal is rotated by a predetermined angle, the receiving position of the Chinese cabbage and the cutting completion position of the stem core. And can be close. Therefore, it is possible to dispose the Chinese cabbage at a close distance such that the Chinese cabbage receiving portion and the Chinese cabbage with the stem core cut out from the receiving stand are provided side by side. As a result, when arranging an auxiliary worker who takes out the Chinese cabbage with the stem core cut out from the cradle, it is necessary to perform the operation of checking the receiving state of the Chinese cabbage to the cradle while staying in the taking-out operation position. Will also be able to.

According to the structure of claim 4, by adopting a cutting mechanism capable of mechanizing the cutting operation of the stem core, which has hitherto been relied on manually, the machine body is finished in a state in which the stem core is cut from excavation of Chinese cabbage from the field. The harvesting process recovered above can now be processed in a series of streams, making the Chinese cabbage harvester almost mechanizable.

[Effect] In the finishing cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the cutting function of the cutting mechanism causes the cutting surface of the stem core to be recessed in the vegetable body as compared with other vegetables. It was possible to mechanize the finish cutting of Chinese cabbage, which is relatively difficult to finish, and it was possible to achieve labor saving and high efficiency.

The finishing cutting device according to the second aspect has an advantage that the Chinese cabbage in a better finished state can be provided by removing the stem core.

In the finishing cutting device according to the third aspect, there is an advantage that the auxiliary work accompanying the cutting operation of the stem core can be performed in a comfortable state without the movement of the auxiliary worker.

In the Chinese cabbage harvesting machine according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a series of harvesting steps from digging to recovery can be provided as a more mechanized one by adopting a highly sophisticated finishing cutting device.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The overall plan of the Chinese cabbage harvester is shown in Figure 1.
2 and an overall side view is shown in FIG. 2, respectively. This harvesting machine pulls out the Chinese cabbage planted in the field and pumps it onto the machine 1, a finishing section B for cutting the stem core of the Chinese cabbage carried on the machine from the root, and the finished Chinese cabbage. Is provided in a container 2, and a driving unit D, and left and right crawler traveling devices 3 are provided.

The pulling-out part A is provided with a pair of left and right augers (an example of a digging mechanism) 4 having a tapered shape which is pierced in the field and located below the planted Chinese cabbage, and screws 5 following the auger. , A pair of left and right clamping belts 6 and 6 for pinching and pumping Chinese cabbage, upper belts 7 and 7 for posture correction of Chinese cabbage, and roots of Chinese cabbage to be lifted and transferred from the stem portion. Disk-shaped cutter 8 to cut
Is provided below the sandwiching belt 6.

That is, first, the augers 4 and 4 are dug up from the bottom of the cabbage, and then the cabbage main body is pulled out by the holding belts 6 and 6 on the left and right and forcedly fed.
Then, the Chinese cabbage is clamped and conveyed upward diagonally by forcibly feeding the root while sandwiching it between the left and right short screws 5, 5. Then, by adjusting the driving speed of the upper belts 7 and 7, the conveyance posture is corrected so that the Chinese cabbage is oriented in the direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the holding belts 6 and 6, and then the root is cut by the cutter 8. And send it on Aircraft 1. The lifting cylinder 9 allows the pull-out part A to swing up and down around a fulcrum Q at the rear part thereof.

The finishing section B is a conveyor 10 for feeding the pretreated Chinese cabbage sent from the sandwiching belts 6 and 6 to the lateral direction (right direction) of the machine in a posture of lying in the front-back direction, and a cabbage core of Chinese cabbage. Turntable type finishing cutting device 11 for finishing cutting from the root of the leaf that is the root of the plant, and a discharging conveyor that receives the Chinese cabbage discharged downward from this finishing cutting device 11 and sends it a little in the lateral direction (right direction) of the machine body. 12 and a workplace 13 where an auxiliary worker stands.

The conveyer conveyor 10 feeds the Chinese cabbage from the sandwiching belts 6 and 6 laterally while lifting it to a height at which an auxiliary worker in a standing position can easily take it.
0a. In addition, the discharge conveyor 12 receives the Chinese cabbage that has leaked from the pedestal 13 after the stem core is cut off, and laterally feeds the Chinese cabbage toward the starting end of the storage conveyor 14, which will be described later. As shown, there is a slight downslope.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the finish cutting device 11 is capable of cutting the stem core of Chinese cabbage and a posture holding mechanism a for holding the Chinese cabbage in a posture such that the axis of the cabbage is in the set direction. A cutting mechanism b, and this cutting mechanism b
A positioning means c for aligning with the stem core of Chinese cabbage whose posture is held by
The stem core is cut while the pedestals 15 are circumferentially arranged on the pedestal 15 that can be driven and rotated about the vertical axis P, and the pedestals 15 are rotated by a predetermined angle while the Chinese cabbage is held in the posture by the posture holding mechanism a. Thus, the cutting mechanism b is configured.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, a round table-shaped pedestal 1
5 is a fixed lower plate 15A and an upper plate 1 which rotates about the axis P.
5B. In FIG. 6, the upper plate 15B, which is driven and rotated intermittently in the direction of arrow A, has a uniform angle of 5
An attitude holding mechanism a is mounted at a position. The posture holding mechanism a is configured to include holders 17 for pressing the Chinese cabbage in the standing posture at three positions on the inner circumference of the cylindrical case 16 attached to the upper plate 15B at equal angles. By the way, the upright posture of Chinese cabbage is the posture in which the stem core is on the bottom and the leaf tips are on the top, and the cabbage leaf is a shape in which the portion slightly outside the root of the cabbage protrudes downward. Therefore, in the standing posture, the bottom surface thereof has a ring shape and is in a comfortable sitting state. A ring-shaped sliding plate 24 for sliding the Chinese cabbage in sliding contact with little resistance is attached to the lower plate 15A.

The posture holding mechanism a includes a bracket 16a on the inner wall of the cylindrical case 16 and a holder 17 for contacting Chinese cabbage.
The upper and lower links 18, 18 are connected to each other, and a torsion spring 19 is provided on the case side pivotal support of the upper and lower links 18, 18. In other words, the holder 17 has the curved upper surface until the curved upper surface contacts the ring-shaped ceiling surface 16 b of the cylindrical case 16 or the upper surface of the pedestal 15.
Is urged toward the center and upward. With this structure, even if the size (diameter) of Chinese cabbage is large or small, it is automatically centered and pressed and held.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, the cutting mechanism b
Attaches a spherical cutting blade 22 to the tip of a rotary shaft 21 that is driven to rotate by the electric motor 20, and
It is configured to include a reciprocating lift mechanism 23 that drives and lifts the electric motor 20 within a predetermined range together with the electric motor 20. Then, the sliding plate 24 and the lower plate 15A are formed with cutting openings 24a, 15a at appropriate positions, respectively, which allow the cutting blade 22 to enter, and the rotation of the pedestal 15 causes the cutting blade 22 to be directly above the cutting blade 22.
That is, when the Chinese cabbage comes to a position directly above the cutting port 24a, the pedestal 15 is temporarily stopped, the reciprocating lifting mechanism 23 is driven, the cutting blade 22 is raised, and the stem core of the Chinese cabbage is scooped from the cutting port 24a. At the same time, it immediately descends and returns to the original standby position, and then the rotation of the pedestal 15 is restarted. The ascent and descent of the cutting blade 22 are performed in an instant.

Here, the positioning means c is the cutting blade 22.
Also, the cutting opening 24a is arranged on the moving path of Chinese cabbage, and the reciprocating lifting mechanism 23 such as an electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder for driving the cutting blade 22 up and down.

The lower plate 15 and the sliding plate 24 are provided with discharge ports 15h, 24h which are largely opened for the cabbage drop movement at a position described later, and the sliding plate 24 has a cutting port at a position described later, which is described later. 24a is formed, and no opening is formed at the position. In other words, when Chinese cabbage reaches the position above the discharge conveyor 12,
Chinese cabbage will fall from the outlets 15h and 24h onto the outlet belt 12a while standing upright. In order to mitigate the impact caused by this drop, as shown in FIG. 10, the cantilevered relaxation member 25 at the upper portion for returning and urging toward the center side is lightly pressed and brought into contact with the Chinese cabbage, and is moved above the discharge conveyor 12. The Chinese cabbage is arranged so that it can be softly dropped and transferred without being damaged.

The collecting section C is a storage space portion 1a for the Chinese cabbage collection container 2 in the machine body 1 and a storage conveyor 1 for carrying Chinese cabbage to the container 2 placed in the mounting space portion 1a.
4 and a moving device 26 for the container 2. The storage conveyor 14 lifts and transfers the Chinese cabbage transferred by the discharge conveyor 12 by the toothed belt 14a so as to laterally transfer it while lifting it to a height at which an auxiliary worker can easily take it. In other words, the Chinese cabbage that has arrived at the end of the storage conveyor 14 is carried by the auxiliary worker to the proper position in the container 2 and stacked vertically while being regularly arranged in the front, rear, left and right.

The moving device 26 includes a pair of forks 27, 27 for receiving the container 2 from below, and a supporting frame 28 which is swingable by 90 degrees with respect to the machine body 1 with a vertical axis Y.
And a lift cylinder 29 for driving and lifting the forks 27, 27 with respect to the support frame 28.
In other words, the full load container 2 is slightly lifted by the lifting cylinder 29, and then the support frame 2 is manually or actuatorly driven.
The container 2 can be lowered to the ground by rotating the 8 by 90 degrees and then driving the elevating cylinder 29 to be shortened. When the container 2 is placed on the machine body 1, the operation is reversed. The support frame 2
8 is equipped with caster wheels 30 for smooth rotation.

Actual work of the auxiliary worker and finishing section B
First, the outermost leaf, which is the outermost leaf of the Chinese cabbage sent by the transport conveyor 10, is removed, and then, in the pedestal 15 that rotates as shown in FIGS. It is put into the cylindrical case 16 in a position having a specific positional relationship in a standing posture. Then, after passing through the position, the stem core is cut off by the cutting mechanism b at the position or at the position, and when the position is reached, the Chinese cabbage falls into the discharge container or 12. Then, the finished Chinese cabbage lifted by the storage conveyor 14 is collected in the container 2 in order.

That is, the auxiliary worker removes the outer leaf, puts it in the cylindrical case 16, and stores it in the container 2.
It is responsible for relatively complicated movements and difficult to mechanize, so by constructing the Chinese cabbage harvester with this so-called semi-automatic means, it is cheaper and more compact than fully automated,
And it is realized in a simple state.

[Other Embodiments] As shown in FIG. 11, a cutting mechanism b for finishing cutting is performed by vertically elevating a drill blade 22 having a spherical blade-shaped tip that rotates around the vertical axis.
May be configured. In addition, the finishing cutting device 11
It may be used as a stationary dedicated machine for cutting the core of Chinese cabbage by itself.

Finishing device 11 having a turntable structure
Although the cutting mechanism b in FIG.
The structure may be such that the shaft is reciprocally rotated about the axis P at the same speed as 5. With this arrangement, an opening / closing mechanism for the Chinese cabbage drop opening at the position is required, but the lower plate 15A can also be rotated so that the bottom surface of the Chinese cabbage is not dragged and moved, and the cutting point is flexible. Become.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

[Figure 1] Overall plan view of Chinese cabbage harvester

[Fig.2] Overall side view of Chinese cabbage harvester

[Figure 3] Cross-section rear view of Chinese cabbage harvester

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the moving device.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a lifted state of the moving device.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the finishing cutting device.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a posture holding mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the Chinese cabbage holding action of the posture holding mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the action of the cutting mechanism.

FIG. 10 is an action diagram showing the state of Chinese cabbage discharge from the cradle.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another structure of the cutting mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 excavation mechanism 6 transport mechanism 11 finishing cutting device 15 cradle a posture holding mechanism b cutting mechanism c positioning means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tomohiko Ota 1-chome, Nisshin-cho, Omiya-shi, Saitama 2 Within the Institute for the Promotion of Specified Industrial Technology of Biological Systems (72) Keizo Kato 64, Ishizukita-machi, Sakai-shi, Osaka Stocks Company Kubota Sakai Factory (72) Inventor Sadayuki Takahashi 64 Ishizukitamachi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Factory Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A posture holding mechanism (a) for holding a Chinese cabbage in a posture such that its axis is in a set direction, a cutting mechanism (b) capable of cutting the stem core of Chinese cabbage, and this cutting mechanism ( b)
And a positioning means (c) for aligning with the stem core of the Chinese cabbage whose posture is held by the posture holding mechanism (a). 2. A finish cutting device for Chinese cabbage according to claim 1, wherein the cutting mechanism (b) is configured to be able to gouge the stem core of Chinese cabbage. 3. A plurality of the posture holding mechanisms (a) are circumferentially arranged on a pedestal (15) that can be driven and rotated about a vertical axis, and the Chinese cabbage is held by the posture holding mechanisms (a). The Chinese cabbage finish cutting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting mechanism (b) is configured so that the stem core is cut while the pedestal (15) is rotated by a predetermined angle in the opened state. 4. A digging mechanism (4) for digging Chinese cabbage planted in a field, a transport mechanism (6) for unloading the digged Chinese cabbage onto a traveling machine body, and a transport mechanism (6) for transporting the cabbage. A finishing cutting device (11) for cutting the stem core of Chinese cabbage
A posture holding mechanism (a), which is provided with a collecting section (C) capable of collecting the Chinese cabbage from which the stem core has been cut off, and which holds the finish cutting device (11) by determining the posture of the Chinese cabbage, and a stem core of the Chinese cabbage. And a positioning mechanism (c) for aligning the cutting mechanism (b) with the stem core of Chinese cabbage whose posture is held by the posture holding mechanism (a). Chinese cabbage harvester.