JPH0916238A - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To confirm a coordinate conversion command by an easy method without modifying a machining program. CONSTITUTION: The numerical controller 103 generates a machining track by performing plural kinds of coordinate conversion for an original graphic in an original machining shape plural times by graphic translation, graphic enlargement or reduction, graphic rotation, graphic symmetry processing, movement and rotation of the coordinate system, replacement of coordinate axes, etc. A conversion frequency setting means 101 receives operation input from a console panel 502 through an input/output means 505 and sets a conversion frequency that an operator specifies. A machining command processing means 102 performs only coordinate conversion for the original graphic up to the conversion frequency specified by the conversion frequency setting means 101 to generate the machining track. This machining track is plotted on a CRT 602 by a plotting means 601. All machining tracks in respective intermediate stages from the original graphic to the conversion frequency can be generated and displayed on the CRT 602.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerical controller.
The machine tool controlled by the numerical controller to which the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and can be widely applied to a lathe, a milling machine, a machining center, a die sinking electric discharge machine, a wire cut electric discharge machine, a laser processing machine, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art First, an outline of a machine tool will be described with reference to FIG. In the machine tool, a workpiece 401 fixed to a movable table 404 is processed by a processing tool 402. The processing tool 402 is fixed to the processing tool mounting device 403.
The motor 405 and the motor 406 move the movable table back and forth, left and right, respectively. The motor 407 moves the tool mounting device 403 up and down. The numerical control device 408, based on the processing command 409 and the setting from the operation panel 410,
Motors 405, 406, 40 so that desired processing can be performed.
7 is controlled.

The outline of the processing of the numerical controller will be described with reference to FIG. The numerical control device usually has a control device 503 that converts the input processing program 501 and settings from the operation panel 502 into rotation commands for the motor 504. The control device 503 includes an input / output unit 505, a storage unit 506, a processing command processing unit 507, an interpolation unit 508, and a servo control unit 509.

The machining program 501 is a program for instructing tool movement commands and various coordinate conversions and various correction functions. The movement command is usually expressed as a combination of movement commands in basic shape units such as line segments and arcs. Examples of coordinate transformation include enlargement / reduction of figures and rotation of figures. Examples of the correction function include diameter correction and taper processing correction. On the operation panel 502, various operation parameters of the machining program 501 can be set. For example, there are an override value of the processing speed, a diameter correction amount, a mirror image (mirror image) designation of the processing shape, and the like.

[0005] The operation of the machining program 501 and the operation panel 502 is input from the input / output means 505 to the control device 503 and stored in the storage means 506 or passed directly to the machining command processing means 507. The processing command processing means 507 analyzes the movement command specified by the processing program 501 while performing the setting from the operation panel 502, performs various coordinate conversions and corrections, and transfers the result to the interpolation means 508. The input to the interpolation means 508 includes various coordinate transformations and corrected
It is a movement command in basic shape units such as line segments and arcs.

[0006] The interpolating means 508 instructs the servo control means 509 for the amount of movement in each short time period.
The servo control unit 509 performs servo control so that the motor 504 follows the command from the interpolation unit 508. The motor 504 operates a movable table and a vertical axis of the machine tool. In this way, the workpiece is processed as specified by the processing program 501 and the operation panel 502.

In a recent numerical control device, a machining locus is set to CR
In many cases, a graphic display is displayed on the T screen so that the processing locus can be easily confirmed. The processing outline of the processing locus drawing function will be described with reference to FIG. Machining program 50 in FIG.
1, operation panel 502, input / output means 505, storage means 50
6. The processing command processing means 507 is the same as that described in the outline of the numerical control processing (FIG. 7). The control device 603 includes an input / output unit 505, a storage unit 506, a processing command processing unit 507, and a drawing unit 601. The output of the processing instruction processing means 507 is a movement instruction in basic shape units such as line segments and arcs after various coordinate conversions and corrections. This movement command is input to the drawing means 601. In the drawing means 601, C is set based on a given movement command.
The movement locus is drawn on the RT 602.

Many numerical control devices have a coordinate conversion function as a function for defining a machining locus. Next, an outline of the coordinate conversion function will be described. There are various types of coordinate conversion functions. For example, translation of figures, enlargement / reduction of figures, rotation of figures, mirror image of figures (mirror image)
Processing, movement of a coordinate system, rotation of a coordinate system, exchange of coordinate axes, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 9A, the translation of a figure is performed by translating the figure by a designated translation vector 701. As shown in FIG. 9B, the enlargement / reduction of the figure is to enlarge / reduce the shape by the designated enlargement / reduction center point 702 and the enlargement / reduction ratio. As shown in FIG. 9C, the rotation of the figure is performed at the designated rotation center point 7.
Rotate the shape by 03 and the rotation angle. The mirror image (mirror image) processing of the figure converts the original figure into a mirror image position with respect to the mirror axis 704, as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 10A, the coordinate system is moved by moving the coordinate system in which the original figure is defined by the parallel movement vector 705.
Translate by parallel. As shown in FIG. 10B, the coordinate system is rotated based on the coordinate system rotation center 706 and the rotation angle of the coordinate system in which the original figure is defined. To exchange the coordinate axes, as shown in FIG. 10C, the X coordinate value and the Y coordinate value are exchanged.

There are generally two methods for instructing the coordinate conversion function. One is a method of giving a command as a program command in a machining program. The other is a method of setting from an operation panel such as a keyboard.

The coordinate transformation can usually be performed multiple times. For example, two of the scaling of the figure and the rotation of the figure
An example in which two coordinate conversion commands are issued will be described with reference to FIG. First, an original figure and coordinate transformations 1 and 2 are defined as follows. Original figure: A circle with a radius of 1 centered on the origin. Coordinate transformation 1: Enlargement / reduction of a figure with an enlargement / reduction ratio of 2 with the origin as the center point of enlargement / reduction Coordinate transformation 2: Rotation of the coordinates (0, 2) at 90 ° counterclockwise

First, coordinate transformation 1 is performed on an original figure 801 to become an intermediate figure 802. The intermediate figure 802 is a circle having the origin center radius 2. Next, the coordinate transformation 2 is performed and the final figure 80
It becomes 3. The final figure 803 is a circle having a radius of 2 centered on the coordinates (2, 2).

When the coordinate transformation is performed a plurality of times, the final figure generally differs depending on the order of the coordinate transformation. This example will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram in which the coordinate transformation 2 is performed before the coordinate transformation 1 in FIG. The intermediate figure 902 is a circle having a center of coordinates (2, 2) and a radius of 1.
The final figure 903 is a circle having a center radius of 2 at coordinates (4, 4) and is different from the final figure 802 in FIG.

As described above, in the case where coordinate transformations are performed a plurality of times, it is important in what order they are applied to the original figure. It is assumed that the coordinate conversion command that is given earlier has a higher priority. The following three methods are typical as a method of designating the priority.

Priority determination method 1: The order in which the commands are issued becomes the order of priority as it is. Priority determination method 2: Each command has a fixed priority. Priority determination method 3: Combination of method 1 and method 2. For example, various coordinate conversion commands are grouped,
Within the group, the order of priority is the order of command, and between groups the order of priority is fixed.

As a means for realizing the coordinate conversion, a matrix operation is usually used, and if the coordinate space is an n-dimensional space, one coordinate conversion can be expressed by one coordinate conversion formula such as q = Ap + B (1). Let it go. Here, p: n-dimensional coordinate value before conversion (n × 1 matrix) q: n-dimensional coordinate value after coordinate conversion (n × 1 matrix) A and B are matrices defining coordinate transformation, and are A: n × n matrix B: n × 1 matrix.

There are the following two methods for realizing a case where a coordinate conversion is instructed a plurality of times. Multiple conversion scheme 1: Conversion equations are applied sequentially according to the conversion priority. Multiple conversion scheme 2: Each conversion equation is combined, a batch conversion equation for performing multiple conversion is calculated in advance, and this batch conversion equation is used at the time of actual conversion.

For example, if the first coordinate conversion is p ₂ = A ₁ p ₁ + B ₁ (2) and the second coordinate conversion is p ₃ = A ₂ p ₂ + B ₂ (3), the multiplex conversion method 1 First, Equation 2 is applied to the input coordinate value p ₁ to obtain a first conversion result p ₂ . Next, determine the final coordinate value p ₃ applies Equation 3 with respect to p _2.

In the multiplex conversion method 2, Expressions 2 and 3 are combined prior to coordinate conversion to obtain a batch conversion expression. That is, p ₃ = A ₂ p ₂ + B ₂ = A ₂ (A ₁ p ₁ + B ₁ ) + B ₂ = (A ₂ · A ₁ ) p ₁ + (A ₂ · B ₁ + B ₂ ) (4) A ₃ = A ₂ · A ₁ , B ₃ = A ₂ · B ₁ + B ₂ are obtained in advance, and the transformed coordinates are calculated for the input coordinates p ₁ by one coordinate calculation according to the following equation. . p ₃ = A ₃ p ₁ + B ₃ (5)

Next, an example of realizing the graphic conversion function will be described. The graphic conversion function is usually realized in the processing command processing means 507 (see FIGS. 7 and 8). This machining command processing means 507
Will be described with reference to FIG.

The input / output means 50
5 and an input from the storage means 506, and analyzes the meaning such as whether it is a movement command, a coordinate conversion command, or various correction commands. The movement command 1006 is transmitted by the coordinate conversion unit 100
2, the coordinate conversion instruction 1007
3, various correction commands 1008 are transmitted to various correction registration means 10
05 respectively.

The coordinate conversion registering means 1003 stores various coordinate conversion commands 1007 sent from the semantic analyzing means 1001 and performs necessary preprocessing. The coordinate conversion means 1002 performs coordinate conversion on the input movement command 1006 based on the information of the coordinate conversion registration means 1003. The various correction registration means 1005 is the semantic analysis means 1
Regarding various correction commands 1008 (tool diameter correction, taper angle correction, etc.) sent from 001, the commands are stored and necessary preparations are made. In the various correcting means 1004, the processing of the machining locus is performed on the output of the coordinate transforming means 1002 by using various correction command information of the various correction registering means 1005.

In the case of processing, the output of the various correction means 1004 is input to the interpolation means 508 (corresponding to FIG. 7). When drawing a locus, the output of the various correction means 1004 is sent to the drawing means 601 (corresponding to FIG. 8).

In this example, the processing of the coordinate conversion means 1002 is performed before the various correction means 1004, but this is not particularly important, and the order may be changed according to the specifications of the numerical controller, or various corrections may be made. The coordinate transformation may be performed before and after the means.

The processing of the coordinate conversion means 1002 and the coordinate conversion registration means 1003 will be described in detail based on the multiplex conversion method 1. The coordinate conversion registration unit 1003 determines priorities and determines respective conversion formulas for various input coordinate conversion commands. For example, as shown in FIG. 14A, a coordinate conversion formula table in which the conversion formulas are arranged in order of priority is created. Coordinate conversion means 1002
Then, the coordinate conversion is performed by sequentially applying the conversion formulas of the coordinate conversion formula table to the input movement command (FIG. 14B).

Next, another processing method of the coordinate conversion means 1002 and the coordinate conversion registration means 1003, that is, a method based on the multiplex conversion method 2 will be described. The coordinate conversion registration unit 1003 determines priorities for various input coordinate conversion commands, determines respective conversion matrices, and creates a coordinate conversion expression table. Further, a batch conversion formula is calculated from the coordinate conversion formula table (FIG. 15A). The coordinate conversion means 1002 performs coordinate conversion according to the batch conversion formula (FIG. 15B).

Patent applications relating to the coordinate conversion and drawing include: Related patent 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-31611, “Inspection Method of Processing Trajectory Control Program” Related Patent 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-73126, “Numerical control device” Simulation drawing method ”is known.

Related patent 1 relates to a machine tool having a rotary table. Simply drawing the processing locus by the processing program makes it difficult to check the processing locus because the processing locus for each rotation angle is displayed overlapping. The related patent 1 aims to avoid this difficulty by displaying a trajectory only while the rotation angle of the turntable is within a certain range.

The related patent 2 relates to a numerical control device capable of issuing a mirror image command from an operation panel, in which a drawing in which a mirror image command is taken into consideration is performed in drawing, thereby obtaining a more realistic drawing.

[0030]

The above conventional technique basically displays the final shape of the processing on a screen. With the current numerical control device, various coordinate transformations can be commanded for the original figure multiple times, but in this case, it is very difficult to determine whether or not it is the intended trajectory by drawing only the final shape It is. Furthermore, as described in the related art, since the figures differ depending on the order of the coordinate transformation,
Furthermore, it becomes more difficult to verify the validity of the final shape.

Conventionally, no method has been proposed for checking whether a plurality of coordinate conversion commands in a machining program are as intended by a designer. Therefore, in order to confirm this, for example, it is necessary to perform a troublesome operation of sequentially confirming while adding or deleting a coordinate conversion command to the machining program.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to make it possible to confirm a coordinate conversion command by a simple method without modifying a machining program.

[0033]

According to the present invention, there is provided a numerical controller for executing a plurality of coordinate transformations to generate a machining trajectory, and designates an intermediate stage among the plurality of coordinate transformations. Providing an intermediate stage designating means,
The original figure is subjected to coordinate transformation up to a designated intermediate stage to generate a processing locus, and the processing locus is displayed.

Further, the system is configured to display all conversion results in the middle of a series of coordinate conversions.

[0035]

Function: A part or all of the coordinate conversion process from the original figure to the final shape is displayed. Thus, the inspection of the machining program can be visually and effectively performed.

[0036]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, a machining program 501, an operation panel 502,
Input / output means 505, storage means 506, drawing means 601,
The CRT 602 is the same as that described in the processing outline of the processing locus drawing function (FIG. 8).

The number-of-conversions setting means 101 is a means for realizing an intermediate stage designating means for designating an intermediate stage of a plurality of coordinate transformations, and receives an operation input of the operation panel 502 via the input / output means 505. And the number of conversions specified by the operator. The function of the processing command processing means 102 is basically the same as the function of the processing command processing means 507 (FIG. 8) described above, but in addition, the coordinate conversion up to the conversion number designated by the conversion number setting means 101 is performed. Only the original figure can be applied.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of the processing designation processing means 102. This example is based on the multiplex conversion method 1 (FIG. 14) described above.

In FIG. 2, input / output means 505, storage means 506, semantic analysis means 1001, coordinate transformation registration means 1
003, various correction means 1004, various correction registration means 10
05, the drawing means 601 is the same as that described in the processing outline (FIG. 13) of the graphic conversion function described above.

The coordinate conversion registration means 1003 is shown in FIG.
A coordinate conversion formula table arranged in order of priority as shown in FIG. Coordinate conversion means 20
1 performs coordinate conversion up to the number of conversions determined by the number-of-conversions setting unit 101 and outputs the result to various correction units 1004.
For example, if the number of conversions is 2, the coordinate conversion means 201
, As shown in FIG. 3, only the first-stage coordinate conversion formula and the second-stage coordinate conversion formula are sequentially applied.

FIG. 4 shows another example of the configuration of the processing command processing means 102. This example is based on the multiplex conversion method 2 (FIG. 15) described above.
It is based on. Input / output means 50 in FIG.
5. The storage unit 506, the semantic analysis unit 1001, the coordinate conversion unit 1002, the various correction units 1004, the various correction registration units 1005, and the drawing unit 601 are the same as those described in the processing outline of the graphic conversion function described above (FIG. 13). It is.

The coordinate transformation registration means 301 creates a batch transformation equation from the designated transformation equations of various coordinate transformations. At this time, only the transformation equations up to the transformation times determined by the transformation times setting means 101 are used. For example, if the number of conversions is 2, the first-stage coordinate conversion formula and the second-stage coordinate conversion formula are combined to generate a batch conversion formula, as shown in FIG. The generated batch conversion formula is input to the coordinate conversion unit 1002, where the coordinate conversion is performed.

According to the above apparatus, the operation panel 502
By simply inputting the number of conversions, a desired intermediate machining trajectory is displayed on the CRT 602. For example, the first
Assuming that m-th to m-th coordinate transformations are instructed, the drawing figures when 0 to m are designated as the number of transformations are as follows. Number of conversions 0: A machining locus not subjected to coordinate conversion. That is, the original figure. Number of conversions 1: A drawing figure of a processing locus subjected to only the first-stage coordinate conversion. Number of conversions 2: A drawing figure of the processing locus subjected to the first-stage coordinate conversion and the second-stage coordinate conversion. ... Number of conversions m: A drawing figure (ie, a final figure) of the machining locus subjected to coordinate conversion from the first stage to the m-th stage. As described above, an arbitrary figure can be drawn on the CRT 602 between the conversion count 0 and the conversion count m.

As another drawing method, the number of conversions is 0.
CRT simultaneously with arbitrary multiples from to
Can be displayed above. For example, all figures from the number of conversions 0 to the number of conversions m can be displayed.

In the case of a plurality of drawing operations as described above, two methods are available for the drawing order. The first method is a sequential drawing method in which, after drawing of one drawing figure is completed, another drawing figure is drawn. The second method is a parallel drawing method in which all drawing figures are drawn for each movement command of a machining program. That is, the latter is a method of simultaneously drawing a plurality of drawing figures in each intermediate stage.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to display a part or all of the conversion process of a plurality of commanded coordinate conversions. Thus, the inspection of the machining program with coordinate conversion can be visually and effectively performed without rewriting the machining program.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining command processing unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a coordinate conversion expression table used in the example of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another example of the configuration of the processing command processing means;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a coordinate conversion expression table used in the example of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a general explanatory view of a machine tool.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a process performed by the numerical controller.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of processing of a drawing function of a processing locus.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of various coordinate transformations.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of various coordinate transformations.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of two coordinate transformations of enlargement and rotation of a figure;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a case in which the coordinates of the enlargement and rotation of FIG. 11 are changed by changing the order of the conversion commands;

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of processing by a processing command processing means.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a processing method of graphic conversion;

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of another processing method of graphic conversion;

[Explanation of reference numerals] 101 conversion number setting means 102 machining command processing means 501 machining program 502 operation panel 505 input / output means 506 storage means 601 drawing means 602 CRT

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Mamoru Hirono 1-1-1, Shinurashima-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa NEC Robot Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Fujii 5-chome, Shiba 5-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Inside NEC Corporation (72) Inventor Masahiro Nakamura 3 Makino Milling Co., Ltd., 359, Mimasu, Aikawa-cho, Aiko-gun, Kanagawa Prefecture

Claims (4)

[Claims] Based on a command in a machining program or an input from an operation panel, a figure is translated, a figure is scaled, a figure is rotated, and a figure is a mirror image of an original figure which is an original processing shape. In a numerical controller that performs a plurality of coordinate transformations such as processing, movement of a coordinate system, rotation of a coordinate system, and exchange of coordinate axes to generate a machining trajectory, an intermediate stage designation that designates an intermediate stage of the plurality of coordinate transformations Means, processing command processing means for performing a coordinate transformation up to the intermediate stage specified by the means on the original figure to generate a processing locus, and display means for displaying the processing locus, Numerical control device. 2. The numerical control device according to claim 1, wherein said intermediate stage designating means is a number-of-conversions setting means for setting the number of conversions counted from the beginning of said coordinate conversion. 3. The processing command processing means generates all processing trajectories at each intermediate stage from the beginning of the coordinate conversion to the designated number of conversions, and the display means displays all processing trajectories at each intermediate stage. The numerical control device according to claim 2, wherein the numerical control is displayed. 4. Based on a command in a machining program or an input from an operation panel, a figure is translated, a figure is scaled, a figure is rotated, and a figure is a mirror image of an original figure which is an original processing shape. In a numerical control device that generates a machining trajectory by performing a plurality of coordinate transformations such as conversion, movement of a coordinate system, rotation of a coordinate system, exchange of coordinate axes, and the like, sequentially performing each of the plurality of coordinate transformations on the original figure, A numerical control device comprising: a machining command unit for generating a machining trajectory for each case; and a display unit for displaying all the machining trajectories for each case.