JPH09152335A - Level measurement method and its device for tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To find level difference between a reference level point and a measurement level point by, with the use of a connecting hose filled with working liquid, measuring the reference level paint, a known level point as against it and a pressure value of the working liquid at the measurement level point and performing calculation process based on the pressure value. SOLUTION: A pump 10 is driven before starting level measurement, and, the working liquid 1 in a tank 9 is, through a hose 11 on advancing path side, made to pass through a chamber 12 on the position of a reference point pressure sensor 4, a chamber 12 on the position of a known point pressure sensor 8 and a chamber 12 on the position of a measurement point pressure sensor 6, and then made to return to the tank 9 through a returning path side hose 11. When the requirement of level measurement comes into an indication part 20, the detection output Tout of an effluent liquid temperature sensor 18 is detected together with the detection output Tin of an influent liquid temperature sensor 17, and, through a temperature sensor cable 19, they are compared with a comparator in the indication part 20, and, in the case of a specified temperature difference, the pump 10 is stopped for level measurement. Based on the level difference Hr between a reference level paint 3 and a known level point 7, and values of pressure sensors P1 , P2 and P3 , the level difference Hs between the level point 3 and a measurement level point 5 is found.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring the level of a position that cannot be measured by optical surveying means, and more particularly to a method for measuring the level of an underground tunnel. Level measuring device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, most of the various utility lifelines represented by sewers, such as water, electricity, telephone and gas, are constructed as underground facilities occupying public spaces such as roads.

Nowadays, it is mainstream that these facilities are constructed by a tunnel construction method classified as a propulsion construction method. Currently, what is desired for this propulsion method is
Improving construction accuracy to minimize access to congested buried objects, reducing the cost of expanding and reducing the impact on the surrounding environment, all at once from a vertical shaft It is also to be able to drive the curve as needed.

[0004] For these things, further improvement of the surveying technology associated with construction is essential. However, it is understood that surveying by optical means such as level and transit is not suitable as a surveying method for a curved tunnel because it utilizes the straightness of light.

In the method of running the gyrocapsule in the tunnel to measure the change in acceleration and obtaining the relative position between the starting point and the reaching point by the integral calculation, the error is also integrated in the integral calculation, and it becomes several hundred meters. When it comes to a long tunnel, the surveying accuracy is not satisfactory.

Further, the method of obtaining the relative position from a predetermined position by measuring the attitude angle and the propulsion distance of the propulsion device, calculating the displacement in the vertical and horizontal directions by a trigonometric function and accumulating the displacement is a geological condition Therefore, the traveling direction of the propulsion device is not determined only by the attitude angle because the resistance received by the propulsion device is not uniform in the vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, errors increase as the propulsion distance increases and the error increases.

Further, a method of estimating the magnetic field generation point by generating an alternating magnetic field from inside the tunnel and conducting a magnetic field exploration on the ground is a method of measuring the horizontal position of a tunnel machine in JSCE No. 358 / III-3. Law ”.

[0008] At the present time when this method has been put to practical use and improved, when the propulsion device is located at a position of about 5 m underground,
The actual survey error is about 2 cm in the horizontal (front-rear, left-right) direction, and about 12 cm in the vertical (vertical) direction.

On the other hand, it is said to be a water leveler that draws a rubber tube having a glass tube inserted at the end communicating with a tank that maintains a standard water level up to an arbitrary point and copies the standard water level using the water level in the glass tube to build a horizontal surface. The equipment has been used for a long time.

As a development of this measurement principle, a method of measuring the liquid pressure at the end of the hose at an arbitrary point and converting it into a level difference from the reference water level is adopted in propulsion machines and the like.

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a level measuring device used in a conventional propulsion device. In FIG. 4, the hydraulic fluid 1 is filled in the tank 9 and the hose 11. FIG.
3, reference numeral 2 is a liquid level point of the hydraulic fluid 1 formed in the tank 9, 3 is a reference level point arbitrarily set as a reference point for measurement, and 4 is a pressure received from the hydraulic fluid at the reference level point 3. The reference point pressure sensor 5 for detecting the measurement point is a measurement reference point of a portion of the measurement object to be monitored.

Further, in FIG. 4, reference numeral 6 is a measurement point pressure sensor for detecting the pressure received from the hydraulic fluid at the measurement level point 5, and reference numeral 13 is an operation display section for indicating the detection outputs of the reference pressure sensor 4 and the measurement point pressure sensor 6. A pressure sensor cable connected to 20, a ground surface 23, a shaft 24, and a tunnel 25.

For example, when the object to be measured is a propulsion machine, the measurement point pressure sensor 6 is fixed to a predetermined position on the tip of the propulsion machine, but the propulsion machine is not shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a principle diagram for explaining the measurement principle of the level measuring device shown in FIG. 4, and the constituent elements in FIG. 4 are shown in an abstracted manner.

The liquid surface level point 2 is the air chamber pressure P _a from the upper surface.
Is receiving. If the Kishitsu圧P _a long been open top of the tank 9 to the atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure at that time.

The density of the hydraulic fluid is ρ, the gravitational acceleration at this measuring point is g, the level from the reference level point 3 to the liquid level point 2 is H ₁ , and the level from the measurement level point 5 to the liquid level point 2 is Is H ₂ , the pressure value detected by the reference point pressure sensor 4 is P ₁ , and the pressure value detected by the measurement point pressure sensor 6 is P ₂ , P ₁ = P _a + ρgH ₁ (1) P ₂ = The relationship of P _a + ρgH ₂ (2) holds.

The difference between P ₁ and P ₂ is P ₁ -P ₂ = ρg (H ₁ -H ₂ ) (3)

As shown in FIG. 5, the level difference H _s from the reference level point 3 to be measured to the measurement level point 5 is H _s = (H ₁ −H ₂ ) ... (4) Substituting this relationship into equation (1) to find H _s gives H _s = (P ₁ −P ₂ ) / ρg (5), and assuming that the density ρ and the gravitational acceleration g are known in advance. , P ₁ and P ₂ are measured and substituted into the equation (5) to obtain the level difference H _s .

The operation display unit 20 in FIG. 4 has preset values of ρ and g, and the received P ₁
The values of P ₂ and P ₂ are calculated by the equation (5), and the resulting value of H _s is displayed on the display to inform the operator.

A low-viscosity silicone oil is used as the hydraulic fluid 1, and the actual measurement error is about 7 cm when H _s is about 5 m. This error factor is included in each of P ₁ , P ₂ , ρ, and g as can be seen from the equation (5).

As for the detection error of the pressure sensor, the error determined in the design / manufacturing stage is about 0.1% and the influence degree is determined in the design / manufacturing stage on the premise that the pressure sensor has relatively high accuracy available at present. It can be considered that the error affected by the environmental conditions of use, especially the environmental temperature of use, is classified into about 0.1%.

Assuming that the total detection error per pressure sensor is 0.2%, the two detection errors of the reference pressure sensor 4 and the measurement point pressure sensor 6 are summed up to 0.4%.
Next, the effect on the measurement level difference H _s, the measured level difference H _s is approximately 2cm For about 5 m.

The influence of the density ρ of the hydraulic fluid 1 is that the fluctuation of the density ρ due to the temperature fluctuation of the silicone oil is -0.1%.
/ C, and assuming that the measurement environment temperature fluctuates by 10C, if the measurement level difference H _s is about 5 m from equation (5),
It can be seen that the error is approximately 5 cm, which accounts for almost 7 cm of the surveying error.

In addition to the influence of temperature fluctuations, the density ρ of the hydraulic fluid 1 also has variations in quality control that can be obtained, which also adds to the error factor. The error due to the gravitational acceleration g is relatively small, but it is known that it has a difference depending on the latitude and altitude at the survey point.

The propulsion method is a method in which a propulsion pipe, for example, a Hume pipe is successively added after the tip of the propulsion device to propel the whole body. When adding the propulsion pipe, a hydraulic hose connected to the tip is connected. The sensor cable for posture detection and the like are temporarily disconnected, and if necessary, an extension hose or cable is added, and the extension propulsion pipe is passed through for reconnection.

When the measuring point pressure sensor 6 is fixed to the tip portion, the hose 11 and the pressure sensor cable 13 connected thereto are also once disconnected and reconnected.

In this case, a connector called an automatic open / close type coupler is usually used for the connecting portion of the hose 11, and the device is designed so as to reduce the leakage of working fluid and the inclusion of air at the time of attachment / detachment.

However, it is impossible to completely eliminate the leakage of working fluid and the inclusion of air, and it is normally 1 c per desorption.
Air mixture of about c occurs, and the total amount of air in the propulsion section of several 100 m is about 10 cc.

FIG. 6 shows the hose 1 up to the measuring point pressure sensor 6.
A state in which the air 26 is mixed in a part of 1 and stays is shown in addition to FIG. Level 27 of the level of the stationary air 26 on the level 2 side
To the level point 2 to h ₁ , the measurement point pressure sensor 6
From the level 28 of the liquid level of the stationary air 26 on the side to the measurement level 5
Up to h ₂ and the level from the level point 27 to the level point 28 is dh, the air chamber pressure P ₄ of the staying air 26 is
Becomes P ₄ = P _a + ρgh ₁ (6), P ₂ becomes P ₂ = P ₄ + ρgh ₂ (7), and by substituting equation (6) into equation (7), P ₂ = P _a + Ρg (h ₁ + h ₂ ) ... (8)

By the way, since P _{2 in the} case where the stationary air 26 does not exist is expressed by the equation (2), its influence amount is obtained by subtracting the right side of the equation (2) from the right side of the equation (8). If the influence amount is dP ₂ , then dP ₂ = ρg (h ₁ + h ₂ −H ₂ ) ... (9), and in FIG. 6, H ₂ = h ₁ + h ₂ + dh. Substituting (10) into equation (9) yields dP ₂ = ρg (-dh) (11).

That is, the pressure value P ₂ detected by the measurement point pressure sensor 6 is reduced by the influence of the staying air 26, and the pressure corresponding to dh is reduced, which influences the equation (5) for calculating H _s. When the received P ₂ is introduced, dh is added as an error to the result of the calculated H _s .

[0031]

In the surveying method according to the above-mentioned prior art, for example, in the case of a tunnel used for sewerage, the construction accuracy is generally required to be about ± 5 cm. From this point of view, neither surveying method is satisfactory.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points and is intended to improve the above-mentioned technique called "water filling", that is, a level measuring method using a communicating pipe and a level measuring device for a tunnel which employs the level measuring method. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned error factors and provide a more accurate level measuring method and a tunnel level measuring device.

[0033]

According to the present invention, a hose filled with hydraulic fluid is used, a reference level point, a known level point having a known level point with respect to the reference level point, and the reference level level. Connecting a measurement level point having an unknown level difference to the point in this order, and measuring the pressure value of the hydraulic fluid at the reference level point, the known level point and the measurement level point, There is provided a level measuring method, which comprises a step of calculating a level difference between the reference level point and the measured level point by performing a calculation process based on the pressure measurement value.

According to such a level measuring method, as long as the density of the working fluid in the series of the hoses is uniform, the error relating to the size of the working fluid and the gravitational acceleration at each point are factors. The error can be removed and the measurement accuracy can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, the hydraulic fluid for transmitting the pressure, the tank for containing the hydraulic fluid, the tank, the reference level point, and the known level difference with respect to the reference level point are set. A hose filled with the working fluid, which connects in known order a known level point and an unknown level difference with respect to the reference level point, and a measurement level point in the tunnel extending laterally from the shaft, and the reference level. Reference level point pressure sensor, known level point pressure sensor and measurement level point pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the hose at the level point, known level point and measurement level point, respectively, and reference level point pressure sensor, known level Provided is a level measuring device for a tunnel, which comprises a point pressure sensor and an arithmetic unit for performing arithmetic processing based on the pressure measured by the point pressure sensor.

According to such a tunnel level measuring device, the level of the bent tunnel, which cannot be measured by the optical surveying means, can be measured with high accuracy. Further, according to the present invention, a hose connecting the measurement level point and the tank is provided so as to form the working fluid circulation path, and a pump for pressurizing the working fluid is provided in the middle of the circulation path. A tunnel leveling device is provided.

By doing so, the temperature of the working fluid is made uniform, the density of the working fluid is made uniform, and when the working fluid is made of some mixture, for example, a rust preventive material is mixed. In the case where the mixing ratio is uniform, the density of the working fluid can be made uniform, and the air mixed in the hose can be separated into the air chambers in the tank. It is possible to eliminate the error factor related to the above and the error factor due to the mixed air.

Further, according to the present invention, temperature sensors provided at a plurality of points in the working fluid circulation path, a comparator for obtaining a difference between measured temperatures of the temperature sensor, and the temperature difference are set values or less. Thus, there is provided a tunnel leveling device, which is provided with a controller for controlling the operating state of the pump.

According to such a tunnel level measuring device, the operation of the pump is started when the temperature difference between the temperatures of the working fluid at a plurality of points exceeds a predetermined temperature, and when the temperature difference is within the predetermined temperature difference. In this case, the operation of the pump is stopped, and as a result, the error due to the density of the hydraulic fluid can be suppressed within a predetermined range, and the operation time of the pump can be minimized to the extent necessary to expand the level measurement time. it can.

Further, according to the present invention, means for controlling the temperature of the working fluid to be constant and the temperature of the working fluid are transmitted to the reference level pressure sensor, the known level point pressure sensor and the measurement level point pressure sensor. There is provided a leveling device for a tunnel, characterized in that it is provided with:

According to such a tunnel level measuring apparatus, it is possible to reduce the level measuring error caused by the temperature variation of the working environment of the pressure sensor. Also, according to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel level measuring device characterized in that it has means for inputting a numerical value for imagining the level value of the reference level point into a virtual level value into a computing unit.

According to such a tunnel level measuring device, the reference point pressure sensor can be installed at any place for convenience of installation, and the level value of the reference point pressure sensor at the determined installation position. By subtracting the level difference between the virtual level value and the virtual level value with the computing unit, it becomes as if the reference point pressure sensor was installed at the virtual level point due to convenience in surveying management, and the measurement result is separately The trouble of adding corrections is eliminated, and mistakes are reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel level measuring device characterized in that a working fluid having a small change in specific gravity with respect to a temperature change is used as the working fluid.
Also, according to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel leveling device characterized in that a mixture of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol and water is used as the working fluid.

As the properties suitable for the working fluid of the tunnel level measuring device according to the present invention, the density stability and bubble separation property are apparent from the above description. In addition to this, since the environment temperature in which it is used is outdoors, it is required to have a low melting point so that fluidity can be maintained even at low temperatures. In addition, spoilage resistance is required to prevent the fluctuation of the density due to the growth of mixed microorganisms.

The above-mentioned requirements can be satisfied by mixing the antifreezing liquid, which is a cooling liquid for an internal combustion engine based on ethylene glycol, in an amount of 30 to 50% with water.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a level measuring device for a tunnel, wherein the measuring point pressure sensor is attached to a front conductor of a propulsion device for propelling the tunnel.

According to such a tunnel level measuring device, the position of the conductor of the tunnel propulsion machine can be known accurately from the past to the present moment by moment, and from the comparison with the planned construction level line, the propulsion machine Accurate propulsion can be performed by controlling the bending angle.

[0048]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the hydraulic fluid 1 is filled in a tank 9 and a hose 11.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 is a liquid surface level point 3 of the hydraulic fluid 1 formed in the tank 9, which is a reference level point arbitrarily set as a measurement reference point, and 4 is a reference level point 3. Reference point pressure sensor for detecting the pressure received from the liquid 1, reference numeral 7 is a known reference point provided at a known level difference from the reference reference point, and 8 is a known reference point for detecting the pressure received from the hydraulic fluid 1 at the known reference point 7. A pressure sensor, 5 is a measurement reference point of an object to be measured, for example, a portion of the propulsion machine to be monitored, 6
Is a measurement point pressure sensor that detects the pressure received from the hydraulic fluid 1 at the measurement level point 5.

Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 is a pump which is inserted on the outward side of the hose 11 and operates when the working fluid is circulated, and 12 is connected to the hose 11 and the operation is performed around each pressure sensor. Liquid 1 is supplied to the hydraulic fluid 1
Chamber for transmitting the temperature of each to each pressure sensor, 1
Reference numeral 3 is a pressure sensor cable for connecting the output signal of each pressure sensor to the operation display unit 20, and 14 is a pump cord for connecting the signal for controlling the pump from the operation display unit 20 to the pump 10.

Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 is a heater for heating the hydraulic fluid 1 in the tank 9, and 16 is a heater.
Is a heater cord for connecting a signal for controlling the heater 15 from the operation display unit 20 to the heater 15, and 17 is circulated from the return path side of the hose 11 by the operation of the pump 10 and the tank 9 is connected. Is an inflow liquid temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the working liquid 1 flowing into the.

Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 18 is an effluent temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the working fluid 1 in the tank 9, and 19 is for connecting an output signal of each temperature sensor to the operation display section 20. A temperature sensor code, 21 is a triangular point which is the origin of leveling on the ground surface 23, 22 is a virtual level point which is the level of the triangular point in this figure, 24 is a vertical shaft, and 25 is a tunnel.

For example, when the object to be measured is a propulsion machine, the measurement point pressure sensor 6 is fixed to a predetermined position on the tip of the propulsion machine, but the propulsion machine is not shown in this figure. First, prior to the whole operation, the principle of level measurement in the present invention will be described.

FIG. 2 is a principle diagram for explaining the measurement principle of the level measuring device shown in FIG. 1, in which the constituent elements in FIG. 1 are shown abstracted. In FIG. 2, the liquid surface level point 2 receives the air chamber pressure P _a from its upper surface.

Here, the base chamber pressure P _a becomes the atmospheric pressure at that time if the upper surface of the tank 9 is open to the atmosphere. The density of the hydraulic fluid is ρ, the gravitational acceleration at this measurement point is g, and the level from the reference level point 3 to the liquid level point 2 is H.
₁ , H from the measurement level point 5 to the liquid level level point 2
₂ , H from the known level 7 to the liquid level 2
₃ , P the pressure value detected by the reference point pressure sensor 4
₁ , P is the pressure value detected by the measuring point pressure sensor 6
₂ , the pump 10 stops operating and the hydraulic fluid 1
During the period in which the tank is stationary in the tank 9, the hose 11 and the chamber 12, P ₁ and P ₂ are represented by the equations (1) and (2) described in the section of the prior art.

The pressure value P ₃ detected by the known point pressure sensor 8 is P ₃ = P _a + ρgH ₃ (12)

When the difference between P ₁ and P ₃ is taken, P ₁ -P ₃ = ρg (H ₁ -H ₃ ) ... (13)

As shown in FIG. 2, the reference level point 3
Since the level difference H _r from the known level point to the known level point 7 is H _r = (H ₁ −H ₃ ) ... (14), when ρg is obtained by substituting this relationship into the equation (13), ρg = ( P ₁ −P ₃ ) / H _r (15)

The level difference H _s from the reference level point 3 to the measurement level point 5 is expressed by the equation (5) described in the section of the prior art, and the equation (15) is substituted into the equation (5). When determining the H _{s and, H s = H r × (} P 1 -P 2) / (P 1 -P 3) ... becomes (16).

Here, since H _r is known and P ₁ , P ₂ and P ₃ are detected by each pressure sensor, the equation (16)
H _s can be obtained by calculating
The operation display unit 20 in FIG. 1 is set with a known value of H _s , and the received values of P ₁ and P ₂ and P ₃ are calculated by equation (16), and the result H _s is calculated. The value of is displayed on the display to inform the operator.

In the equation (16), the density ρ and the gravitational acceleration g of the hydraulic fluid existing in the equation (5).
Are erased, the error factors related to these are eliminated.

The influence of the newly added known level difference H _{r due to} the error is that the reference point pressure sensor 4 and the known point pressure sensor 8 are made of a metal having a small coefficient of thermal expansion at a distance of the known level difference H _r . If fixed, accuracy can be increased.

For example, if stainless steel is used as the metal, the coefficient of linear expansion of stainless steel is about 15 ppm.
Because it is about / ° C., the measurement environment temperature is about 0.015% of errors as varied 10 ° C., the measured level difference H _s
Is very small with an error of about 0.075 cm when is about 5 m.

Regarding the detection error of the pressure sensor,
As described above in the section of the prior art, assuming a high-precision pressure sensor, the detection error per pressure sensor is about 0.2%.

Therefore, (P ₁ -P ₂ ) in equation (16)
Assuming that the term and the term of (P ₁ -P ₃ ) have approximately the same magnitude, that is, if the measured level difference H _s and the known level difference H _r are approximately the same, the detection output P _{1 of the} reference point pressure sensor The error of is present in both the denominator and the numerator of the above equation (16) and therefore cancels out.

As a result, the detection output P ₂ of the measurement point pressure sensor and the detection output P ₃ of the known point pressure sensor are 2
The errors are summed up, 0.4% affects the measurement level difference H _s , and when the measurement level difference H _s is about 5 m, about 2 cm is estimated as an error.

The period during which the above-mentioned level can be measured is when the pump 10 is stopped and the hydraulic fluid 1 is stationary. In the level measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the pump 10 is driven to drive the tank 9 before the above level measurement is started.
The working fluid 1 in the chamber is passed through the hose 11 on the forward path, the chamber 12 is located at the position of the reference point pressure sensor 4, the chamber 12 is located at the position of the known point pressure sensor 8, and the pressure at the measurement point is further. The gas is passed through the chamber 12 at the position of the sensor 6, returned to the tank 9 via the hose 11 on the return path side, and jetted into the tank 9.

The hydraulic fluid 1 jetted into the tank 9
Is stirred in the tank by its own inertial force to make the temperature uniform, and if the working fluid is made of a mixture, the mixing ratio becomes uniform, resulting in a density of the working fluid. ρ is made uniform.

Furthermore, since the working fluid that has circulated and returned to the tank 9 has brought in the mixed air that was present in the path on the way, the mixed air rises in the tank and enters the air chamber. To be separated.

The operation time of the pump 10 may be empirically determined as the time for the density ρ of the hydraulic fluid 1 to be uniform, but the operating environment temperature cannot be unified depending on the season and the management is troublesome. At the same time, there is a risk of stopping the pump before the density ρ of the hydraulic fluid 1 becomes uniform.

In the level measuring device shown in FIG. 1, the operation display section 2 is so arranged that the pump 10 is always driven after the power is turned on.
A control signal of 0 is transmitted via the pump cord 14 to the pump 1
0 has been entered.

When a level measurement request by the operator is input to the operation display section 20, the following operation is performed. The detection output T _{in of} the inflow liquid temperature sensor 17 provided at the position where the working liquid 1 flowing into the tank 9 is sprayed is set, and the working liquid 1 is set to a position where the working liquid 1 flows out after being stirred in the tank 9. The detection output T _{out of the} provided effluent temperature sensor 18 is used.

Then, these detection outputs T _in and T _out are input to the operation display section 20 via the temperature sensor cable 19, and the output value T of both temperature sensors is output by the comparator in the operation display section 20. Compare _in and T _out .

If the comparison result is within a predetermined temperature difference, for example, within 5 ° C., the pump 10 is stopped, the level measurement is started, and the measurement result is displayed on the display of the operation display unit 20.

In the present apparatus, the pump 10 is automatically driven after a lapse of a sufficient period for the operator to read the display of the measurement result, for example, one minute, and the next measurement request by the measurer is awaited. There is.

By doing so, the measurement error due to the non-uniformity of the density ρ of the hydraulic fluid 1 can be minimized and reliable measurement can be performed. As described in the section of the prior art described above, as for the detection error of the pressure sensor, the error that occurs even under a constant temperature accounts for about 0.1%, and the error that occurs due to the change in the operating environment temperature accounts for about 0.1%. ing.

In the level measuring apparatus in FIG. 1, the operation point display unit 20 inputs the outflow point temperature sensor 1
The heater 15 provided in the tank 9 is controlled via the heater cord 16 so that the output T _{out of} 8 becomes constant, for example, 30 ° C.

That is, the working fluid 1 which circulates at a constant temperature is passed through a chamber 12 in which the reference point pressure sensor, the known point pressure sensor and the measurement point pressure sensor are accommodated. The temperature of the hydraulic fluid 1 passing through the inside is transmitted to each of the sensors so that the temperature of each of the pressure sensors becomes constant.

By doing so, the influence of the error of 0.1% caused by the change in the operating environment temperature of the pressure sensor is removed, and the total error per pressure sensor is 0.1%.
It can be suppressed to about%.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of the chamber 12 that houses the reference point pressure sensor 4. Other pressure sensors are similarly housed in the other chamber 12. The hydraulic fluid 1 flows in from a chamber inlet 27 to which the hose 11 is connected, passes through the chamber 12 to conduct temperature to the reference point pressure sensor 4, and a chamber outlet 28 to which the hose 11 is connected. More outflow.

The pressure of the hydraulic fluid 1 is input through the pressure port 29 which is the pressure input port of the reference point pressure sensor 4, and the detected pressure value is taken out by the pressure sensor cord 13 as an electric signal.

A seal 30 is provided at a portion where the pressure sensor cord 13 passes through the wall of the pressure sensor 12 so that the hydraulic fluid 1 does not leak. It is desirable that the chamber outlet port 28 is provided at a vertical vertex of the chamber 12 so that the air mixed in the hose 11 does not stay in the chamber 12.

In the normal leveling of a tunnel, first, a line leveling is performed on the ground, and a basic level point is provided by associating a structure having no influence such as subsidence with a national level point. Next, based on the basic standard point, a temporary standard point is provided in or close to the shaft, and this temporary standard point is used as a reference point for leveling during a predetermined tunnel construction period.

Depending on the construction site, it is difficult to match the installation position of the reference point pressure sensor 4 in the conventional level measuring device with the basic level point or the provisional level point.
For this reason, level differences that do not match are measured in advance using an optical surveying device, etc., and the level difference from the basic level point or provisional level point to the measurement point is obtained by subtracting the level difference from the measurement result. It was

In this method, the operator had to perform the subtraction each time. In the level measuring device according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the reference point pressure sensor 4 is installed in an arbitrary easy-to-install location according to the situation of the construction site as in the conventional case, and the reference level determined as a result of the installation. The level H _r ′ between the point 3 and the virtual level point 22 of the triangular point 21 and the level point of the basic level point or the provisional level point is measured in advance by an optical surveying means or the like.

Then, the level difference H _r ′ is calculated by the operation display unit 2
0 is input and set, and the level value H _s ′ from the virtual level point 22 to the measured level point 5 is provided on the operation display unit as H _s ′ = H _s −H _r ′ (17). It is designed to be calculated by the computing unit and displayed on the display unit.

By doing so, it is possible to avoid the risk of causing troublesome calculations and accompanying calculation differences in the above-mentioned conventional level measuring apparatus. Although any working fluid can be used in principle as the working fluid to be implemented by the present invention, when water is used, it freezes when the operating temperature environment falls below freezing point, and thus it is not necessary as a pressure medium. It's gone.

Further, since silicone oil and mineral oil for general hydraulic equipment have high viscosity, it becomes necessary to apply higher pressure or to elapse more time in order to circulate and homogenize the density.

In order to apply high pressure, the pump 1
This is inconvenient because the power consumption of 0 increases and the shape becomes larger. Further, it is required that each of the pressure sensors can withstand a high pressure, which is a disadvantageous condition for ensuring the measurement accuracy for an ordinary pressure sensor.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the air mixed in the hydraulic fluid 1 is to be separated in the tank 9, but silicone oil has a low ability to raise and separate bubbles in the oil. Is generally known.

In the concrete implementation stage of the present invention, various available working fluids were applied, and it was found that the one in which ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol was mixed with water was the most suitable.

The antifreezing liquid which is a commercially available cooling liquid for inner twisting machines is
The ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol is about 95%, and the remaining 5% is mixed with a rust preventive material, which is more convenient because rusting of piping parts can be prevented.

When the antifreeze solution is mixed with water in a proportion of 30 to 50%, the freezing temperature can be lowered to about -15 to -37 ° C and the working environment temperature can be lowered, and the viscosity can be suppressed to about 2 to 4 cp. You can

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the measurement point pressure sensor 6 is attached to the tip of the propulsion machine to measure the level of the tunnel during propulsion construction. It is also possible to fix the measuring point sensor to a moving object such as a truck moving inside the tunnel to measure the level of the existing tunnel.

Further, it is also possible to apply a plurality of the measuring point pressure sensors 6 to a structure such as a building and apply it to a squat gauge for monitoring the level change amount at each point. Further, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid 1 at the reference level point 3 is temporarily detected by the reference point pressure sensor 4, and this is detected as P in the above-described embodiment.
After being stored as ₁ in the operation display unit 20, the reference point sensor 4 is moved to the known level point 7 to detect the pressure of the hydraulic fluid 1, and the operation display unit is set as P ₃ in the above-described embodiment. Alternatively, it may be taken in by 20. That is,
In this way, it is possible to obtain the two detection values in the above-described embodiment with one pressure sensor and obtain the same measurement result as in the above-described embodiment.

[0096]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the measured level difference is calculated based on the pressure difference of the hydraulic fluid per known level difference, the density and variation of the density of the hydraulic fluid used, The deviation of the gravitational acceleration in each measurement area does not affect the measurement error, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

Further, since the working fluid is circulated and agitated in the tank, the density of the working fluid can be made uniform and the measurement accuracy is improved. Further, since the pump is controlled by determining the uniformity of the density of the working fluid based on the uniformity of the temperature, a reliable measurement result with less error can be obtained.

Further, since the temperature of each pressure sensor is kept constant by using the working fluid controlled to a constant temperature as a heat medium, the measurement accuracy is improved. Further, the reference standard point can be regarded as a virtual standard point, and the restriction on the installation position of the reference point pressure sensor is eliminated, or the process of reading the measurement result value or the like is eliminated, which is easy to use. Further, by using a mixture of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol and water as the working fluid, it is possible to prevent the working fluid from freezing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a level measuring device embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a principle diagram showing a level measuring method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing the structure of the chamber.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a level measuring device used in a conventional propulsion device.

FIG. 5 is a principle diagram showing a conventional level measuring method.

FIG. 6 shows an analysis diagram when air is mixed in a hose with a conventional level measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... hydraulic fluid, 2 ... tank liquid level, 3 ... reference level point, 4 ... reference point pressure sensor, 5 ... measurement level point, 6 ... measurement point pressure sensor, 7 ... known level point, 8 ... known point pressure sensor, 9 ... Tank, 10 ... Pump, 11 ... Hose, 12 ... Chamber, 1
3 ... Pressure sensor code, 14 ... Pump code, 15 ... Heater, 16 ... Heater code, 17 ... Influent temperature sensor,
18 ... Outflow liquid temperature sensor, 19 ... Temperature sensor code, 2
0 ... Operation display part, 21 ... Triangular point, 22 ... Virtual reference point, 2
3 ... Ground, 24 ... Vertical shaft, 25 ... Tunnel, 26 ... Stationary air, 27 ... Chamber inlet, 28 ... Chamber outlet, 2
9 ... Pressure port, 30 ... Seal.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Junichiro Imai 1-6-12 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Japan Coil Co., Ltd.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A standard level point using a hose filled with hydraulic fluid, a known level point having a known level difference with respect to the reference level point, and an unknown level difference with respect to the reference level point. Connecting the measurement level points in this order, measuring the pressure value of the hydraulic fluid at the reference level point, the known level point and the measurement level point, and performing a calculation process based on the pressure measurement value. A level measuring method comprising the steps of: determining a level difference between the reference standard point and the measurement standard point by performing the method. 2. A hydraulic fluid for transmitting pressure, a tank for containing the hydraulic fluid, the tank, a reference level point, and a known level point having a known level difference with respect to the reference level point. , A hose filled with the working fluid, which has an unknown level difference with respect to the reference level point, and a measurement level point in the tunnel extending laterally from the shaft in this order, and the reference level point, a known level Reference level pressure sensor, known level point pressure sensor and measurement level point pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the hose at the measurement point and measurement level point respectively, and reference level point pressure sensor, known level point pressure sensor and measurement A tunnel level measuring device comprising: an arithmetic unit for performing arithmetic processing based on the pressure measured by a level pressure sensor. 3. A hose connecting the measurement level point and the tank is provided so as to constitute the working fluid circulation path, and a pump for pressurizing the working fluid is provided in the middle of the circulation path. The tunnel level measuring device according to 2. 4. A temperature sensor provided at a plurality of points in the hydraulic fluid circulation path, a comparator for obtaining a difference in temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and an operating state of a pump so that the temperature difference becomes a set value or less. 5. The tunnel level measuring device according to claim 3, further comprising a controller for controlling the level. 5. A means for controlling the temperature of the working fluid to be constant, and a means for conducting the temperature of the working fluid to a reference water level pressure sensor, a known water level pressure sensor and a measurement water level pressure sensor. The tunnel level measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein 6. The level of the tunnel according to claim 2, further comprising means for inputting a numerical value for assuming the level value of the reference level point as a virtual level value into an arithmetic unit. measuring device. 7. The tunnel level measuring device according to claim 2, wherein a hydraulic fluid having a small change in specific gravity with respect to a temperature change is used as the hydraulic fluid. 8. The tunnel leveling device according to claim 2, wherein a mixture of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol and water is used as the working fluid. 9. The tunnel level measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the measuring point pressure sensor is attached to a front conductor of a propulsion unit for propelling the tunnel.