JPH09152118A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable setting of an optimum operation time, etc., at all the time by a method wherein first and second burners are provided in a combustion chamber and an operating time, etc., of each burner are measured in accordance with an on-off operation of a switch of each burner, while the operating time, etc., are corrected on the basis of a selected value obtained by a selecting switch, in accordance with the amount of a matter to be incinerated. SOLUTION: In an incinerator 1 equipped with a combustion chamber 5 holding matters 2 to be incinerated and having burners 3 and 4 fixed on the lateral side, and others, a selector switch, a mode switch, an operation switch, a stop switch, first to third burner switches, a temperature sensor and a selecting switch are connected to input terminals of a control device. When the first and second burner switches are turned on and off by the operator and the burners are operated and stopped thereby, the operating time, etc., of each of the burners 3 and 4 are measured and stored and are corrected on the basis of a selected value obtained by the selecting switch, in accordance with the amount of the matters 2 to be incinerated, and the operation of each of the burners 3 and 4 is controlled in accordance with the corrected operating time, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating general garbage, tires, plastics, combustible wastes such as urethane foam.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of this type of incinerator is Japanese Patent Application No. 7-166751 filed by the present applicant. In this apparatus, there are provided a combustion chamber that stores the incineration and that has a first burner and a second burner, a smokeless chamber that has a third burner that communicates with the combustion chamber, and a changeover switch.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above incinerator,
First, set the selector switch to "manual", and set the blower and the third
After operating the burner to raise the smokeless chamber to an appropriate temperature (air incineration operation), the first burner was operated, and the second burner was operated after a delay. After that, the first burner was stopped, the second burner was delayed (incineration operation), and after a while, the third burner was stopped.
The burner was stopped (smokeless operation), then the cooling operation was performed and then stopped.

In order to operate air incineration, incineration, smokelessness, and cooling in this manner, the first burner switch, the second burner switch, and the third burner are turned on and off, and while inspecting the incineration status of the incineration object, The burner's operating time and stop time were measured with a stopwatch, and trial and error were repeated to find each appropriate operating time. As described above, there is the first drawback that it is difficult to set the operating time.

Furthermore, if the amount of incinerated material changes between the previous time and this time, the trial and error as described above is required again.
There are disadvantages. Therefore, the present invention provides an incinerator in which it is easy to set the operating time of each burner in consideration of such conventional drawbacks and which can set the optimal operating time even if the amount of incinerated material changes. Is.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a combustion chamber for accommodating an incineration object, a first burner and a second burner provided in the combustion chamber, and each burner. It is equipped with each switch to turn on and off, a selection switch, and a control device, and the control device measures and stores the operating time of each burner according to the on / off state of each switch, and the selection switch according to the amount of incineration. The control device corrects and stores the operating time and the like based on the selected value according to, and operates each burner according to the corrected operating time and the like.

More preferably, the present invention further comprises a smokeless chamber communicating with the combustion chamber and having a third burner, a third switch for turning on / off the third burner, and a switch for turning on / off each switch and the third switch. The control device measures and stores the operating time of each burner and the third burner and the like, and the control device corrects and stores the operating time based on the value selected by the selection switch according to the amount of the incineration object. Each burner and the third burner are operated according to the corrected operation time and the like.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First, an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the sectional view of FIG. Incinerator 1
In this case, incinerators 2 such as raw garbage, vegetation, plastics (vinyl chloride resin, ABS resin, etc.), rubber, tires, etc. are stored, and the first burner 3 and the second burner 4 are fixed to the respective side surfaces. A combustion chamber 5 is provided.

The exhaust gas generated from the combustion chamber 5
A smokeless chamber 7 for making smokeless by the burner 6 is provided, and an exhaust pipe 8 is provided above the smokeless chamber 7. The combustion chamber 5 has an opening 9 on its upper surface, through which the material 2 to be incinerated is opened, and the opening 9 is opened and closed by a lid 10.

The blower 11 is fixed below the smokeless chamber 7,
The blower duct 12 is fixed to the blower side of the blower 11 so as to extend into the smokeless chamber 7. Nozzle 13 is air duct 12
Is formed at the tip of the exhaust pipe 8 and is located at the lower end of the exhaust pipe 8. Due to the ejector effect generated by the air blown from the nozzles 13, the unburned gas generated from the combustion chamber 5 is guided into the smokeless chamber 7 by the plurality of exhaust ducts 14, and the exhaust pipe 8 after smokeless treatment by the third burner 6. More discharged to the outside. The grate 15 is formed in a lattice shape, is placed on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 5, and has a space 17 communicating with an ash extraction port 16 provided on the bottom side surface of the combustion chamber 5.

The water sprinkler 18 is fixed to the inner surface of the combustion chamber 5 at a position higher than the first burner 3, has a plurality of spray holes at its tip, and has the other end directly connected to tap water or the like (see FIG. (Not shown). The sprinkler 18 supplies mist into the combustion chamber 5 and lowers the temperature of the combustion chamber 5 and the like when the exhaust gas temperature in the combustion chamber 5 and the smokeless chamber 7 becomes abnormally high. The temperature sensor 19 is fixed to the inner surface of the smokeless chamber 7 and detects the temperature of the exhaust gas in the smokeless chamber 7.

Next, the control circuit of the incinerator 1 will be described with reference to the control circuit diagram of FIG. The control device 20 is, for example, a microcomputer, and includes a CPU, a storage unit, a time counting unit, and the like. Further, the controller 20 may be composed of a sequence controller. Each input terminal of the control device 20 includes a changeover switch 21, a mode switch 22, an operation switch 23, a stop switch 24, a first burner switch 25, a second burner switch 26, and a third switch (third burner switch) 27.
The temperature sensor 19 and the selection switch 28 are connected to each other.

The changeover switch 21 is "manual" or "automatic".
When set to the position of, the respective switches to the "manual operation mode" or the "automatic operation mode". The mode switch 22 switches between a "time recording mode", a "time repetition mode", and the like. Run switch 23 and stop switch 2
4 is for starting and stopping the operation, respectively. Each switch, that is, the first burner switch 25 and the second burner switch 2
6 and the third burner switch 27 are connected to the first burner 3 and the second burner, respectively.
The burner 4 and the third burner 6 are ignited / operated or stopped.

The selection switch 28 is a switch for selecting the length of the operating time of each burner 3, 4, 6 according to the amount of the incinerated material 2. The selection switch 28 includes, for example, switches 28a, 28b, and 28c, and supplies the Hi signal and the Lo signal to the control device 20 by opening and closing the switches. In this way, the selection switch 28 is adjusted to 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 times the reference value by the combination of the Hi signal and the Lo signal. To do.

To each output terminal of the controller 20, the first burner 3, the second burner 4, the third burner 6, the blower 11 and the display unit 29 are connected. The display unit 29 is composed of, for example, a lamp that displays each operating state of the first burner 3, the second burner 4, the third burner 6, the blower 11, and the like, an operation lamp that is turned on when the operation switch 23 is turned on, and the like. .

Next, the operation of the "time recording mode" in the incinerator 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3 and the time chart of FIG. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time, and the vertical axis represents the first burner switch 25, the first timer and the second burner switch 25.
The timer, the second burner switch 26, the third timer, the fourth timer, the third burner switch 27 and the fifth timer are shown. The first timer is the operating time of the first burner 3, and the second timer is the first
Idle time of burner 3, third timer is operation time of second burner 4, fourth timer is idle time of second burner 4, fifth timer is operation of third burner 6 after first burner 3 starts operation It sets the time. These first, second, third, fourth, and fifth timers are configured by the time measuring means (counter or the like) in the control device 20.

In these figures, first, the power plug of the incinerator 1 is inserted into a power outlet (none of which is shown), and the operation is started. When the changeover switch 21 is set to the "manual" position, "manual operation" is determined to be YES (step S1). When the mode switch 22 is set to the position of "time recording mode", "whether time recording mode" is determined to be YES (step S2). After that, when the operation switch 23 is pressed, "Is the operation switch on?"
Is determined to be YES, and the blower 11 starts operation (step S3).

When the third burner switch 27 is pressed (step S4), the third burner 6 is operated (step S4).
5) The air incineration operation starts (step S6). That is,
The air blown from the blower 11 passes through the blower duct 12, the nozzle 13, and the exhaust pipe 8 and is discharged to the outside of the device. At that time, the exhaust gas that has become hot in the smokeless chamber 7 due to the operation of the third burner 6 has its speed increased by the ejector effect of the nozzle 13 and is discharged to the outside of the device through the exhaust pipe 8. In this way, before operating the first burner 3 or the second burner 4,
Operating the burner 6 to raise the temperature in the smokeless chamber 7 to the first predetermined temperature is referred to as an air incineration operation (C). For example, a temperature sensor 19 is provided in the smokeless chamber 7 and the temperature thereof is incinerated by the incinerator
The temperature is displayed on the thermometer on the operation panel provided on the user's side, and the user indicates that the thermometer on the operation panel has the first predetermined temperature (for example, about 55
The above-mentioned air incineration operation (C) is continued until the temperature reaches 0 ° C.
The time point when the incineration operation (C) starts in step S6 described above is referred to as "operation start" in FIG.

Next, when the user determines that the temperature of the thermometer has reached the first predetermined temperature, the user presses the first burner switch 25 (step S7). As a result, the first burner 3 is operated (step S8), and the incineration operation (C) is performed.
Is stopped (step S9), and the first timer, the fourth timer, and the fifth timer start operating (step S10). At this point, the incineration operation (D) is started.

For example, if the first burner 3 is installed at a relatively high position in the combustion chamber 5, the combustion flame from the first burner 3 is directed to the upper part of the incineration object 2 in the combustion chamber 5 or higher than it. It will be ejected and can be incinerated efficiently.

Next, when the user observes through a viewing window (not shown) provided in the combustion chamber 5 and determines that the incinerated volume of the incineration object 2 has become appropriately small, the second burner switch 26 is pressed. (Step S11). As a result, the second
The burner 4 is operated (step S12), the second timer and the third timer start operating, the fourth timer ends, and the operating time t4 of the fourth timer is stored in the storage means in the control device 20 ( Step S13).

The second timer is the second burner switch 26.
The time from when the button is pressed until the first burner switch 25 is pressed is measured. In the above-described embodiment, since the first burner switch 25 has already been pushed when the second burner switch 26 is pushed, the operating time t2 of the second timer is set to zero in the storage means in the control device 20. Remembered.

Next, when the user observes through the peep window and determines that the volume of the incineration object 2 becomes further smaller and it is no longer necessary to operate the first burner 3, the first burner switch 25
Is turned off by the user (step S14). As a result, the operation of the first burner 3 is stopped (step S15),
The operation of the first timer is stopped, and the operation time t1 of the first timer
Is stored in the control device 20 (step S16).

Further, when the user observes through the peep window and determines that the volume of the incineration object 2 becomes sufficiently small and the incineration operation is no longer required, the second burner switch 26 is turned off by the user (step S17). ). As a result, the operation of the second burner 4 is stopped (step S18), the operation of the third timer is stopped, and the operation time t3 of the third timer is stored in the control device 20 (step S19). In this way, the incineration operation D is completed.

As described above, even after the operation of the first burner 3 and the second burner 4 is stopped and the incineration operation D is completed, the third burner 6
And the blower 11 is operated (smokeless operation E). In this way, in the smokeless operation E, the exhaust gas in the smokeless chamber 7 is burned out,
Smoke-free processing is performed, and exhaust gas that has been completely burned is discharged from the exhaust stack 8 to the outside air.

Since the incineration of the material to be incinerated 2 is completed in this way, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the smokeless chamber 7 decreases, and the thermometer on the operation panel allows the user to set the second predetermined temperature (for example, about 400).
When it is observed that the temperature has dropped to (° C.), the user turns off the third burner switch 27 (step S20). As a result, the operation of the third burner 6 is stopped (step S2
1) The fifth timer ends, and the operating time t5 of the fifth timer is stored in the control device 20 (step S22). This ends the smokeless operation (E).

After the operation of the first burner 3, the second burner 4, and the third burner 6 has been stopped as described above, the combustion chamber 5 and the smokeless chamber 7 are still hot, so the blower 11 is operated and these chambers 5,
The cooling operation (F) of 7 is performed (step S23). In this way, the exhaust temperature in the smokeless chamber 7 gradually decreases, and when the temperature sensor 19 detects that the temperature has dropped to the third predetermined temperature (for example, about 150 ° C.), the control device 20 stops the blower 11 and operates. Ends (stop operation). In addition, in the above-described flow, when the "time recording mode" is determined to be NO (step S2), the process shifts to another mode (step S24).

Next, the operation of the "time repeating mode" in the incinerator 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 4, first, the power plug of the incinerator 1 is inserted into a power outlet and the operation is started. When the changeover switch 21 is set to the "manual" position, "manual operation" is determined to be YES (step S1), and when the mode switch 22 is set to "time repetition mode", "time repetition mode" is selected. "
Is determined to be YES (step S2).

Next, the user is required to use the above-mentioned "time recording mode".
(Refer to FIG. 3) The capacity of the previous incineration object 2 processed according to (see FIG. 3) and the capacity of the current incineration object 2a to be processed according to the "time repetition mode" are compared. Then, the user obtains a value obtained by dividing the capacity of the incineration object 2a at this time by the capacity of the incineration object 2 at the previous time as a selection value (adjustment value). This operation is usually performed visually as a guide.

The selected values are, for example, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.
9 and 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3, and a combination table of the selected values and on / off of the selection switches 28a, 28b and 28c is provided on the operation panel. For example, if the selected value is 0.7 times, the selection switch 28a is turned on, 28b
Is off, 28c is off, and if the selected value is 1.0 times, 28a is off, 28b is on, and 28c is on. When the user determines that the capacity of the incineration object 2a this time is the same as the capacity of the incineration object 2 the previous time, the user selects (sets) the selection value of the selection switch 28 to 1.0.

In this way, when the user judges that the selected value is 0.7, for example, the selected value (adjusted value) by the selection switch 28 is set so that the switch 28a is turned on, 28b is turned off and 28c is turned off. It is selected (step S3).

Next, the operation switch 23 is pushed to push the blower 11
Is started (step S4), the operating time (t1, t2, t3, t) stored in the above-mentioned "time recording mode" is stored.
4, t5) is corrected to (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5), and the corrected operating time is stored in the control device 20 (step S5). For example (T1, T2, T3,
T4, T5) are each (t1, t2, t3, t4, t5)
Is corrected by multiplying the selected value by 0.7. When the selected value is selected as 1.0 (T1, T2, T3,
T4, T5) has the same value as (t1, t2, t3, t4, t5).

Next, the third burner 6 is operated (step S
6), the air incineration operation is started (step S7). Then, when the user determines that the temperature inside the smokeless chamber 7 becomes high and the exhaust temperature of the smokeless chamber 7 reaches the first predetermined temperature, the operation switch 2
3 is pressed again by the user (step S8).

Then, the second timer, the fourth timer, and the fifth timer start operating (step S9), and it is determined whether the operating time T2 of the second timer has ended (step S10).
In the present embodiment, as described above, the first burner switch 25 is turned on before the second burner switch 26, so the operating time T2 of the second timer for setting the rest time of the first burner switch 25 is Zero, step S1
1 is immediately determined to be YES. As a result, the operation of the first timer is started (step S11), the first burner 3 is operated (step S12), and the air incineration operation is stopped (step S13).

When the time further elapses, the operating time T of the fourth timer
4 is completed (step S14), and the third timer is started when the idle time of the second burner 4 has passed (step S1).
5), the second burner 4 starts operation (step S1)
6).

After that, when the time elapses and the operation time T1 of the first timer ends (step S17), the first burner 3
Stops the operation (step S18). When the time further passes and the operation time T3 of the third timer ends (step S19), the operation of the second burner 4 is stopped (step S2).
0). This ends the incineration operation, and then starts the smokeless operation.

When the operation time T5 of the fifth timer ends (step S21) after a further lapse of time (step S21), the operation of the third burner 6 is stopped (step S22), and the smokeless operation ends.

After that, only the blower 11 is operated to perform the cooling operation (step S23), and when the exhaust gas temperature in the smokeless chamber 7 drops to the third predetermined temperature, the operation of the blower 11 is stopped and the operation is ended. In addition, in the above-mentioned flow, when "whether time repeat mode" is determined to be NO (step S2),
The mode is changed to another mode (step S24). This is the end of the description of the operation.

[0039]

As described above, the present invention operates each burner (first burner and second burner) when the user turns on and off each switch (first burner switch and second burner switch). And the stop is done. This action is performed several times by trial and error to determine the optimum driving time, etc., and the time is measured and stored by the control device. As a result, it is not necessary to measure each operating time with a stopwatch or the like as in the conventional case, and the operating time can be easily set.

Further, the user compares the amount of the previous incineration processed in the above mode with the amount of the incineration this time processed in the time repetition mode, and the user selects one of the two by the selection switch. Select a selection value corresponding to the ratio. Then, the controller corrects and stores the operating time and the like according to the selected value, and operates each burner according to the optimum time. Therefore, since each burner is operated again at the optimum time for incineration, it is possible to sufficiently incinerate the incineration object and prevent waste of fuel due to incineration for an extra time. Further, since the control device automatically operates each burner, it is not necessary to manually turn on and off each burner as in the conventional case, and the operation becomes easy.

Further, according to the present invention, preferably, a smokeless chamber communicating with the combustion chamber and having a third burner is provided, and a third switch for turning on / off the third burner is provided, and each switch and the third switch are turned on / off. The controller measures and stores the operating time of each burner and the third burner. With such a configuration, the unburned gas from the combustion chamber is made smokeless by the third burner in the smokeless chamber, and exhaust gas that has been completely combusted is discharged from the exhaust stack. Further, the control device corrects and stores the operating time based on the value selected by the selection switch, and operates each burner and the third burner according to the operating time. In this way, the control device operates and stops the first burner, the second burner, and the third burner according to the appropriate operating time of each, so that the trouble of manually turning on and off each burner as in the conventional case is eliminated. Further, since the operation is performed for each appropriate operating time according to the amount of the incinerated matter, it is possible to perform sufficient incineration of the incinerated matter, fuel saving, and sufficient smokeless operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a control circuit diagram of the incinerator.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a “time recording mode” in the incinerator.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a “time repeating mode” in the incinerator.

FIG. 5 is a time chart of each burner and each timer in the “time recording mode”.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 incineration device 2 incineration object 3 first burner 4 second burner 5 combustion chamber 20 control device 25, 26, 27 switch 28 selection switch

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical display location F23G 5/14 ZAB F23G 5/14 ZABF 5/16 ZAB 5/16 ZABB

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A combustion chamber for accommodating an incineration object, a first burner and a second burner provided in the combustion chamber, switches for turning on and off each burner, a selection switch, and a control device. According to the on / off of each switch, the control device measures and stores the operating time of each burner and the like, and based on the selection value by the selection switch according to the amount of the incineration object, the control device is the An incinerator characterized in that the operating time is corrected and stored, and each burner is operated according to the corrected operating time. 2. A smokeless chamber communicating with the combustion chamber and having a third burner is provided, and a third switch for turning on and off the third burner is provided, and the third switch is turned on and off according to whether the third switch is turned on or off. The control device measures and stores the operating time and the like of each of the burners and the third burner, and the control device corrects the operating time and the like based on the value selected by the selection switch according to the amount of the incinerated material. The burner according to claim 1, wherein each burner and the third burner are operated in accordance with the corrected operation time and the like.