JPH0914792A - Two-stage absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the capacity by dropping liquid uniformly on the heat transfer tubes of a lower heat exchanger while suitably holding the differential pressure between an upper heat exchanger side and the lower heat exchanger side. CONSTITUTION: A liquid discharge tube 7 protruding under a partition wall 2 for vertically partitioning is received by a liquid sealing tray 8 having a liquid discharging unit 81 of a higher site than the end, and upper and lower heat exchanging spaces are sealed by liquid sealing. The liquid received by the tray 8 is transferred from a repeating tray 9 to a spreader 6, and dispersed to be dropped toward the heat transfer tubes of the lower heat exchanger from the spreader 6 to substantially uniformly moisten the entire heat transfer tubes to vigorously heat exchange.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-stage absorption refrigerator having a liquid dropping type heat exchanger used in an evaporator or an absorber divided into upper and lower parts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in this type of two-stage absorption refrigerator, as is known from Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-18371, a liquid dropping type upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger are sandwiched by partition walls. Are vertically adjacent to each other, and the liquid after being dropped in the upper heat exchanger is allowed to flow out to the lower heat exchanger side and dropped from the upper part of the lower heat exchanger. The space for arranging the upper heat exchanger is in the low pressure region, and the space for arranging the lower heat exchanger is in the high pressure region, which is slightly higher in pressure. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid outflow pipe P protruding below the partition wall S is made to enter the receiving body R having the wall W higher than the protruding end thereof to form the liquid sealing mechanism A, and the upper and lower spaces Are not directly connected to each other so that the upper and lower differential pressures can be properly secured.

[0003]

However, since the liquid flowing out from the wall W of the receiver R constituting the liquid sealing mechanism A is directly dropped into the lower heat exchanger, all the heat transfer tubes are However, there is a problem that the surface cannot be wetted and the ability cannot be fully exerted. That is, the heat transfer tube
The path length is long, and in addition to the vertical and vertical directions, there are many paths in the horizontal and horizontal directions, and the area where liquid should be dropped is wide, and with the above configuration, all heat transfer tube surfaces are evenly distributed. It is extremely difficult to wet it. Therefore,
Even if the upper and lower pressure balances can be properly maintained by the liquid sealing mechanism A, since the wettability in the lower heat exchanger is poor,
It was not possible to bring out sufficient ability.

Here, it is conceivable to arrange a large number of the liquid sealing mechanisms A on the partition wall S in a dispersed manner, but there is a space limitation, and the upper and lower portions of the partition wall S which can communicate with each other increase. There is a problem that the liquid seal cannot be maintained due to the inclination of the device.

According to the present invention, the liquid can be evenly dropped into the heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchanger while the pressure difference between the upper heat exchanger side and the lower heat exchanger side is properly maintained, and the capacity is improved. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage absorption refrigerating machine that can be used.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned main object, the invention according to claim 1 is a liquid dropping type in which a liquid is dropped on the surface of a heat transfer tube to exchange heat, as shown in FIG. In a two-stage absorption refrigerator having upper heat exchanger 3 and lower heat exchanger 4, and these heat exchangers 3 and 4 are vertically adjacent to each other with a partition wall 2 interposed therebetween, the two-stage absorption refrigerator shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a sprinkler 6 that disperses and drips a liquid on a heat transfer tube provided in the heat exchanger 4 above the lower heat exchanger 4.
The liquid receiving part of the sprayer 6 is communicated with the liquid sealing tray 8 having the liquid outflow part 81 higher than the receiving end of the liquid outflow pipe 7 protruding below the partition wall 2. I made it up.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the liquid is stably delivered to the sprayer 6 regardless of fluctuations in the flow rate of the liquid received by the liquid ring tray 8. 2 and FIG. 3, the liquid seal tray 8
The liquid outlet 91 that receives the liquid flowing out from the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid sealing tray 8 between the sprayer 6 and the sprayer 6, and opens at the bottom.
The relay tray 9 that transfers the liquid to the sprayer 6 is interposed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, the liquid is evenly distributed in the heat transfer tubes of the lower heat exchanger 4 in the lengthwise direction and in the rows arranged side by side. In order to make it possible to drop the liquid, and to favorably transfer the liquid from the upper heat exchanger 3 side to the lower heat exchanger 4 side even if the device is slightly inclined in the direction in which the heat transfer tubes are arranged in parallel. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the spreader 6 is a long spreader 60 that disperses and drips liquid in the length direction of the heat transfer tube.
And a plurality of the spreaders 60 are arranged side by side corresponding to the heat transfer tube rows, and the liquid-sealed tray 8 is provided with each spreader 60.
The tray main body 80 extending along the juxtaposed direction is provided, and a plurality of liquid outflow pipes 7 are displaced in the longitudinal direction of the tray main body 80 so as to project.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the invention of the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect, the upper heat exchange is performed even if the device is slightly inclined in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchanger 4. In order to properly transfer the liquid from the side of the vessel 3 to the side of the lower heat exchanger 4, as shown in FIG. The liquid outflow pipe 7 is disposed in each of the liquid sealing trays 8.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 or 7 and 8, the liquid outflow pipe 7 projecting below the partition wall 2 is positioned higher than the end thereof. Since it is received in the liquid sealing tray 8 having the liquid outlet 81, the space between the upper heat exchanger 3 side and the lower heat exchanger 4 side can be sealed by liquid sealing, and the upper heat exchanger 3 side and the lower heat exchanger 3 side can be sealed. The pressure difference with the exchanger 4 side can be appropriately maintained. Moreover, the liquid received by the liquid sealing tray 8 is inherited by the spreader 6 and dispersed and dropped from the spreader 6 toward the heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchanger 4, so that the liquid of the lower heat exchanger 4 is transferred. The entire heat pipe can be wetted almost uniformly, heat exchange can be activated, and the capacity can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquid flowing out from the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid ring tray 8 is once received by the relay tray 9 and is then caught at the bottom of the relay tray 9. The liquid is delivered to the sprayer 6 from the liquid outlet 91 that opens. In this way, the liquid is transferred to the sprayer 6 through the liquid outlet 91 which is provided at a fixed position on the bottom of the relay tray 9, and the liquid seal tray is different depending on the difference between the full load operation and the partial load operation of the refrigerator. Even if the flow rate of the liquid received by 8 changes and the force of the liquid overflowing from the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid sealing tray 8 changes, the liquid can be delivered to the spraying device 6 in a stable manner.

According to the third aspect of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the spreader 6 is provided with a long spreader 60 for dispersing and dropping the liquid in the length direction of the heat transfer tube. Scatterer 6
Since a plurality of 0s are arranged side by side so as to correspond to the rows of heat transfer tubes, the liquid can be uniformly distributed in the length direction of the heat transfer tubes of the lower heat exchanger 4 and the heat transfer tubes in each row arranged side by side evenly. Can be dropped. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, even if the device is slightly tilted at an angle a with respect to the horizontal line in the direction in which the heat transfer tubes are arranged in parallel, the liquid ring tray 8 has the tray main body extending in the direction in which the sprayers 60 are arranged in parallel. Since the plurality of liquid outflow pipes 7 are displaced in the longitudinal direction of the tray main body 80 so as to project into the tray main body 80, even if the liquid outflow from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the upper side of the inclination is stopped, It is possible to ensure the outflow of the liquid from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the lower side of, and it is possible to transfer the liquid from the upper heat exchanger 3 side to the lower heat exchanger 4 side in a good manner.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, even if the device is slightly inclined at an angle b with respect to the horizontal line in the lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tube, the liquid ring tray 8 has the length of the heat transfer tube. A plurality of liquid seal trays 8 are arranged by displacing in the direction.
In addition, since the liquid outflow pipe 7 is made to enter, even if the liquid outflow from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the upper side of the slope is interrupted, it is possible to secure the outflow of the liquid from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the lower side of the slope. Therefore, the liquid can be satisfactorily transferred from the upper heat exchanger 3 side to the lower heat exchanger 4 side.

[0014]

1 shows a two-stage absorption refrigerating machine according to the present invention, in which a liquid is dropped inside a container 1 with a partition wall 2 interposed therebetween to drop liquid on the surface of a heat transfer tube for heat exchange. The upper heat exchanger 3 and the lower heat exchanger 4 of the formula are arranged vertically adjacent to each other.

The upper heat exchanger 3 is composed of a low-pressure side evaporator 31 and a low-pressure side absorber 32, which are arranged adjacent to each other in a communicating manner on the left and right sides with a central separator 51 interposed therebetween.
Similarly, the lower heat exchanger 4 is composed of a high pressure side evaporator 41 and a high pressure side absorber 42, which are arranged in a central separator 52.
It is arranged so as to be adjacent to the left and right in a communicating manner with the pinch in between.

Each of the evaporators 31 and 41 is provided with heat transfer tubes 310 and 410 having a large number of vertical and horizontal paths, and the upper heat transfer tube 31 is provided.
0 from the sprinkler 600 disposed above the upper heat transfer tube 31
0, in the order of the lower heat transfer tube 410, drop water as a refrigerant,
This water is evaporated on the surface of the heat transfer tube to cool the cooling water flowing in series from the lower heat transfer tube 410 toward the upper heat transfer tube 310. Reference numeral 53 is a refrigerant pump for drawing refrigerant from the bottom of the high pressure side evaporator 41 to the sprayer 600, and 54
Is a connecting pipe connecting the circulation paths, and 55 is a refrigerant introducing pipe for guiding the refrigerant condensed by a condenser (not shown) to the high pressure side evaporator 41.

Each of the absorbers 32 and 42 is provided with heat transfer tubes 320 and 420 having a large number of vertical and horizontal paths, and the upper heat transfer tube 32 is provided.
0 from the sprinkler 600 disposed above the upper heat transfer tube 32
0, the lower heat transfer tube 420, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide, which is an absorbing solution, is dropped in this order, the water vapor evaporated in each of the evaporators 31 and 41 is absorbed in the solution, and the absorbed heat is transferred from the lower heat transfer tube 420 to the upper transfer tube 420. The water is discharged to the cooling water flowing in series toward the heat pipe 320. 56 is a solution pump that absorbs a large amount of water to dilute the diluted solution to the high temperature generator side (not shown), 57 is the diluted solution piping, and 58 is the sprayer 6
No. 00 is an agricultural solution pipe for introducing a concentrated solution having a high concentration regenerated by a low temperature generator (not shown).

In the above structure, water or a solution is dispersed in the heat transfer tubes 410 and 420 provided above the high pressure side evaporator 41 and the high pressure side absorber 42 which constitute the lower heat exchanger 4. Dispersers 6 and 6 for dropping are provided respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the spreader 6 is provided with a long spreader 60 for dispersing and dropping liquid in the lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tubes 410 or 420. A plurality of them are arranged side by side so as to correspond to the rows of heat tubes.

Each of the sprinklers 60 has a bilaterally symmetrical shape for dropping the liquid into the heat transfer tubes for two passes, and a long first weir 61 for receiving the liquid from above and a large number of juxtaposed lower side walls on the left and right thereof. Liquid outflow holes 62, a slightly wide second cough 63 that receives the liquid flowing out from each outflow hole 62, and a mountain-shaped dispersion guide 64 that spreads the liquid in the longitudinal direction in a dispersed manner at the bottom thereof. A plurality of liquid outflow slits 65 arranged in parallel at the bottom of the guide 64 and a large number of drip guides 66 projecting below the slits 65 are provided.

The tray main body 80 extending in the direction in which the spraying bodies 60 are arranged in parallel, that is, in the direction orthogonal to the lengthwise direction of the spraying bodies 60, and one long side of the tray main body 80 is lower than the other sides. Further, a liquid-sealing tray 8 having a long liquid outflow portion 81 which is higher than the receiving end of the liquid outflow pipe 7 protruding below the partition wall 2 is formed, and the liquid-sealing tray 8 is provided for each sprayer. A pair of 60 is disposed at the upper part of 60 near the both ends in the longitudinal direction while being displaced from each other. In one liquid tray 8,
Two left and right liquid outflow pipes 7 are displaced and thrust into both sides of the tray body 80 in the longitudinal direction.

A liquid outflow port 91, which receives the liquid flowing out from the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid ring tray 8 and is opened at the bottom, between each liquid ring tray 8 and each of the sprinklers 60 constituting the spreader 6.
The relay tray 9 that transfers the liquid to each of the spray bodies 60 is interposed. The relay tray 9 and the liquid seal tray 8 are integrally connected by folding back the upper side wall of the long side forming the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid seal tray 8 to the relay tray 9 side.

In this way, with the above construction, since each liquid outflow pipe 7 is received by the liquid sealing tray 8 having the liquid outflow part 81 higher than the end thereof, the upper heat exchanger 3 side and the lower heat exchanger 3 side The space between the heat exchanger 3 side and the heat exchanger 4 side can be sealed by liquid sealing, and the pressure difference between the upper heat exchanger 3 side and the lower heat exchanger 4 side can be appropriately maintained.

Further, the liquid flowing out from the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid sealing tray 8 is once received by the relay tray 9 and is transferred to the sprayer 6 from the liquid outlet 91 opening at the bottom of the relay tray 9. Even if the flow rate of the liquid received by the liquid ring tray 8 is changed due to the difference between the full load operation and the partial load operation of the refrigerator, and the force of the liquid overflowing from the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid ring tray 8 is changed, it is sprayed. It is possible to stably deliver the liquid to the container 6.

Moreover, as shown in FIG.
The heat transfer tubes 410 or 420 are slightly inclined at an angle a with respect to the horizontal line in the arranging direction, or, as shown in FIG. 6, the entire device is slightly inclined at an angle b with respect to the horizontal line in the length direction of the heat transfer tubes. Also, one liquid-sealing tray 8 is provided with a tray body 80 extending along the juxtaposed direction of the spraying bodies 60, and the pair of liquid outflow pipes 7 are displaced toward each other on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the tray body 80 and are projected. At the same time, the liquid-sealing trays 8 are arranged so as to be displaced by a pair in the lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tubes 410 or 420.
Therefore, even if the liquid outflow from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the upper side of the inclination is stopped, it is possible to ensure the outflow of the liquid from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the lower side of the inclination.

Therefore, the liquid can be satisfactorily dropped from each of the spray bodies 60 to the heat transfer tubes 410 or 420, the wettability of these heat transfer tubes 410 or 420 can be improved, and the capacity can be improved.

By the way, in the above, the liquid sealing tray 8 is used.
The intermediary tray 9 is interposed between each
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the relay tray 9 may be omitted, and the outlet side of the liquid outflow portion 81 of the liquid sealing tray 8 may be directly communicated with the first cough 61 of the sprayer 60. In this case, the liquid outflow portion 81 is constituted by, for example, a V-shaped slit 810 provided at a position corresponding to each spray body 60, as shown in the figure. A hole may be provided instead of the slit 810.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid outflow pipe 7 projecting below the partition wall 2 is received by the liquid sealing tray 8 having the liquid outflow portion 81 higher than the end thereof. Therefore, the space between the upper heat exchanger 3 side and the lower heat exchanger 4 side can be sealed by liquid sealing, and the differential pressure between these upper heat exchanger 3 side and lower heat exchanger 4 side can be maintained appropriately. Yes, and
The liquid received by the liquid sealing tray 8 is inherited by the spreader 6 and dispersed and dropped from the spreader 6 toward the heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchanger 4, so that the entire heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchanger 4 is Can be almost evenly wetted, heat exchange can be activated, and capacity can be improved.

According to the invention described in claim 2, even if the flow rate of the liquid received by the liquid ring tray 8 is changed by the relay tray 9 due to the difference between the full load operation and the partial load operation of the refrigerator, the spraying is performed. It is possible to stably deliver the liquid to the container 6.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, by the plurality of the spread bodies 60 arranged side by side, the heat transfer tubes of the lower heat exchanger 4 are evenly arranged in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tubes and in each row of the heat transfer tubes arranged side by side. The liquid can be dripped into the pipe, and even if the device slightly tilts in the direction in which the heat transfer tubes are arranged side by side, and the outflow of liquid from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the upper side of the inclination is interrupted, the liquid outflow pipe on the lower side of the inclination can be stopped. It is possible to secure the outflow of the liquid from 7, and to transfer the liquid from the upper heat exchanger 3 side to the lower heat exchanger 4 side satisfactorily, thereby improving the reliability.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even if the device tilts slightly in the length direction of the heat transfer tube and the outflow of liquid from the liquid outflow pipe 7 on the upper side of the inclination is interrupted, the liquid on the lower side of the inclination is stopped. The outflow of the liquid from the outflow pipe 7 can be ensured, the liquid can be satisfactorily transferred from the upper heat exchanger 3 side to the lower heat exchanger 4 side, and the reliability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a piping configuration diagram of a two-stage absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line X and X in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view in the case where the heat transfer tubes are inclined in a direction in which they are arranged in parallel.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view when the heat transfer tube is inclined in the length direction.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of the second embodiment.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y, Y of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

2; partition wall, 3; upper heat exchanger, 4; lower heat exchanger, 6;
Disperser, 60; Disperser, 7; Liquid outlet pipe, 8; Liquid tray, 80; Tray body, 81; Liquid outlet, 9; Relay tray, 91; Liquid outlet

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A liquid dropping type upper heat exchanger (3) and a lower heat exchanger (4) for dropping a liquid on the surface of a heat transfer tube to exchange heat are provided, and these heat exchangers (3, 4) are separated from each other by partition walls. (2)
In a two-stage absorption refrigerating machine which is vertically adjacent to each other with a heat sink interposed therebetween, a sprinkler (6) for dispersing and dropping a liquid on a heat transfer tube provided in the heat exchanger (4) above the lower heat exchanger (4). And a liquid receiving portion of the sprayer (6) having a liquid outlet portion (81) higher than the receiving end portion of the liquid outlet pipe (7) protruding below the partition wall (2). A two-stage absorption refrigerator, which is in communication with a sealing tray (8). 2. A liquid outflow port (7) for receiving a liquid flowing out from a liquid outflow portion (81) of the liquid ring tray (8) between the liquid ring tray (8) and the sprinkler (6), and opening at the bottom. The two-stage absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a relay tray (9) for transferring the liquid from the (91) to the spreader (6) is interposed. 3. The spreader (6) comprises a long spreader (60) for dispersing and dropping liquid in the lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tube,
A plurality of the spreaders (60) are arranged side by side so as to correspond to the rows of heat transfer tubes, and the liquid seal tray (8) is provided with the spreaders (6).
0) is provided with a tray main body (80) extending along the juxtaposed direction of the tray main body (80), and a plurality of liquid outflow pipes (7) are displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the tray main body (80) and projected.
Alternatively, the two-stage absorption refrigerator according to claim 2. 4. A plurality of liquid sealing trays (8) are arranged while being displaced in the lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tube.
The two-stage absorption refrigerating machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a liquid outflow pipe (7) is inserted into said.