JPH09147041A - Management method for stock reservation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To minimize the occurrence of lack or swelling of stock by relaxing concentration of stock reservation just before the scheduled day of shipping. SOLUTION: A temporary reserving part 311 registers order reception unofficial announcement information in a reservation stock data base 331 when this information is within the term of acceptance based on a supply read time. A temporary reservation validity term monitor part 320 monitors scheduled days of shipping of order reception unofficial announcements in the reservation stock data base 331 and gives a warning for order reception unofficial announcements just before expiration and cancels reservation stock which passes the time limit. An actual reservation part 312 registers settled order receptions within the term of acceptance in the reservation stock data base 331, and in the case of unexpected order reception, a stock transition schedule data base 332 is referred, and it is registered if reservation is possible. A stock transition schedule monitor part 321 reflects the variance of a free stock data base 330 and that of the reservation stock data base 331 on the stock transition schedule data base 332.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to inventory allocation management.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Regarding inventory allocation management, two methods are known: a method of allocating inventory in the order in which orders are confirmed, and a method of allocating inventory in order from the earliest ordered shipment date.

[0003]

Each of the above two methods has its own problems, so it is desirable to allocate the inventory in consideration of both the order confirmation and the planned shipping date. However, in reality, orders may not be confirmed until immediately before the planned shipping date, or even if a confirmed order or order receipt is obtained early on, the order information may not be reflected in inventory allocation management due to dislike of change or cancellation. Yes, the reserve is concentrated in the inventory immediately before the planned shipping date, and it is easy to cause a failure. As a result, there are many cases of out-of-stock items and confusion regarding the allocation process, and there is no choice but to accept the expansion of inventory.

It is an object of the present invention to alleviate the concentration of allocations to inventory immediately before the planned shipping date and to minimize the occurrence of shortages and inventory expansion.

[0005]

First, terms used in the present invention will be defined. The confirmed order is literally the confirmed order information. The order receipt is the order information registered as the receipt, and refers to the order information such that the definite order is subsequently registered or canceled. The supply lead time is the number of days required from the time the product is ordered to the factory or the supplier until the product arrives. The jump-in order refers to a fixed order in which the planned shipment date of the stock item required by the fixed order does not reach the date of the processing day plus the supply lead time. The reserved inventory is an inventory allocated in correspondence with a confirmed order and an unofficial order. In the following description, the case of allocating the reserved inventory to the confirmed order may be called the main allocation, and the case of allocating the reserved inventory to the unofficial order may be called the temporary allocation. Free inventory refers to inventory that is reserved in advance in order to respond to diving orders.

The present invention is a method for managing inventory allocation, which is characterized by the following points.

(1) The planned shipping date of the stock item included in the order receipt information is monitored, and when the planned shipping date corresponds to the date of the processing date plus the supply lead time, the order receipt is switched to the confirmed order. To warn you.

(2) The sum of the actual stock on the day of processing and the cumulative total of the scheduled arrivals up to the scheduled shipping date minus the cumulative total of the reserved inventory from the current processing day to the scheduled shipping date is reserved for the jump order. When the available inventory amount is set, it is checked whether or not the inventory amount that can be reserved for the scheduled shipping date satisfies the scheduled shipping amount for the jumping order, and when it is satisfied, the jumping order is registered as the reserved inventory.

(3) When registering a jump-in order as reserved inventory, the free inventory is updated by subtracting the planned shipping amount from the free inventory on the scheduled shipping date, and the scheduled shipping date of the order registered in the reserved inventory is processed. When an order is canceled that does not reach the date when the supply lead time is added to the current day, the free inventory is updated by adding the planned shipping amount of the canceled order to the free inventory on the planned shipping date.

The present invention is based on the supply lead time.
Monitor the planned shipping date of the provisional allocation and promote to switch the provisional allocation immediately before expiration to fixed order or cancellation,
We prepared free inventory to handle in-rush orders. Further, the registration and change of the reserved stock are freely permitted, and it is possible to dynamically reflect the fluctuation of the reserved stock and reflect it in the stock quantity and the arrival schedule that can be reserved for the orders. This alleviates the concentration of allocations to inventory immediately before the planned shipping date, and suppresses shortages and inventory expansion.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the inventory allocation management device 300. The free inventory database 330 is a database that stores a stock amount of a shipment expected for dealing with a diving order. Reserved inventory database 331
Is a database that stores the amount of stock reserved by the confirmed order and the unveiling of the order. Free inventory calculator 310
Is a processing unit that calculates the amount of free inventory based on the reserved inventory data in the reserved inventory database 331 and stores it in the free inventory database 330. Provisional allocation unit 311
Is a processing unit for registering the reserved stock in the reserved stock database 331 or canceling the registered reserved stock based on the order receipt information input from the sales management system 100. The inventory transition schedule database 332 is a database that stores inventory transition schedules calculated in time series based on the current inventory amount, arrival schedule, and shipping schedule. The allocation unit 312 uses the reserved inventory database 331 based on the confirmed order information input from the sales management system 100.
Is a processing unit for registering the reserved stock in or canceling the registered reserved stock. In the case of a jump-in order, the allocation section 312 refers to the inventory transition schedule database 332 to determine whether allocation is possible. If allocation is possible, the reserved inventory is registered in the reserved inventory database 331 and from the free inventory database 330. Subtract the same amount of free inventory. The temporary allocation expiration date monitoring unit 320 refers to the reserved inventory database 331 and issues a warning prompting the user to confirm or cancel the order receipt information whose expiration date is close to expiration.
It is a processing unit for sending to 00. In addition, the provisional expiration date monitoring unit 3
20 cancels the reservation of the reserved inventory on the reserved inventory database 331 that has not been confirmed even after the expiration date, and adds the same amount of free inventory to the free inventory database 330. The inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321 refers to the free inventory database 330 and the reserved inventory database 331 to obtain a shipping schedule composed of free inventory and reserved inventory, and stores the current inventory amount and the arrival of stock in the inventory transition schedule database 332. This is a processing unit that obtains an available inventory amount from a schedule and a shipping schedule and stores it in the inventory transition schedule database 332. Although not shown, the inventory allocation management device 300 also has a table for storing basic information such as supply lead time and various calculation spans. Further, the inventory allocation management device 300 is connected with an input device for inputting the basic information and an output device for displaying or printing the available inventory amount. The inventory allocation management device 300 is a personal computer,
It is realized by an information processing device including a workstation.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the data format of the free stock database 330 for a certain product. FIG. 2A shows the result of the processing performed by the free inventory calculation unit 310 on August 1, and the increase and decrease of the free inventory amount due to the subsequent operation. In the state before the processing as of August 5, is there. FIG. 2B shows a state after the processing by the free inventory calculation unit 310 is performed on August 5.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the data format of the reserved inventory database 331 for a certain product. The reservation ID is an identification number for identifying the reservation,
The unofficial date is the day when the unofficial order received is received,
The fixed date is the date when the fixed order is received, the planned shipping date is the planned shipping date of the product, and the planned shipping amount is the planned shipping amount. Those with a fixed date of "undetermined" are those for which there has not been a confirmed order since the unveiling of the order.

FIG. 4 is a PAD diagram showing the procedure of the processing of the free inventory calculation unit 310. Free inventory calculator 310
Acquires the "free stock calculation span" and the "supply lead time" by referring to the basic information table (step 4)
10). The "free stock calculation span" is a period for calculating the free stock amount, and is, for example, 30 days. Next, referring to the reserved inventory database 331, the actual result of the reserved inventory for the period corresponding to the free inventory calculation span is acquired retroactively from the day before the processing day (step 420). Next, the expected shipping amount for dealing with the jump-in order is calculated (step 430). As a calculation method, for example, the total shipment amount of reserved inventory during the above period is calculated, and it is regarded as the total shipment amount of the expected jump-in order, and this total shipment amount is divided by the free-inventory calculation span. You can get the daily shipping prospect. Finally, the calculation result is registered in the free inventory database 330 (step 440). Then, the update information of the free inventory database 330 is notified to the inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321. FIG. 2B shows an example of the result of calculating the free stock amount on August 5. In this example, the supply lead time is 4 days. August 5th to 8th
The free stock amount up to the 8th of the month is already in operation, and therefore remains the data of the free stock database 330 before processing. The above calculation results are registered after August 9.
Note that the above-mentioned shipment forecast due to the jump-in order is a simple average of past total shipment results, but in addition to this, the future daily shipment forecast based on a known forecasting method that takes into consideration weekly fluctuations and seasonal fluctuations May be calculated, and the calculation method is not limited to the above method.

FIG. 5 is a PAD diagram showing a procedure of processing of the temporary allocation unit 311. The provisional allocation unit 311 receives the order receipt information from the sales management system 100 (step 51).
0). The order receipt information includes a receipt date, a planned shipping date, a planned shipping amount, and the like. A reservation ID is added to those already reserved, and information to that effect is added to the order canceled.
The provisional allocation unit 311 refers to the basic information table to acquire the “supply lead time” and distributes the processing (step 520). In the case of reservation stock registration, if the planned shipping date is within the reception deadline (step 530 reception deadline), it is registered in the reservation stock database 331 (step 531).
If it is the new order receipt information, a reservation ID is set. Here, the term “acceptance deadline” refers to the case where the planned shipping date is after the date of processing plus the supply lead time. For example, the processing day is August 1 and the supply lead time is 4
If it is a day, it is within the acceptance deadline if the planned shipping date is August 5 or later. If the order receipt is out of the acceptance deadline, the request is not accepted and an error message is output to the output device. In the case of canceling the reserved stock, the information for the order receipt is deleted from the reserved stock database 331 (step 540). The update information of the reserved inventory database 331 is notified to the inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the data format of the inventory transition schedule database 332 for a certain product. The inventory transition schedule stores the actual inventory amount as of August 1st in the column on August 1st, which is used as the starting inventory to store the daily inventory transition schedule. The arrival schedule consists of the order backlog and the ordering prospect. The shipping schedule consists of reserved stock (corresponding to confirmed orders / correspondence to order receipt) and free stock.
This is a summary of the amount of free stock in the order receipt and free stock database 330 for each planned shipping date. The actual inventory quantity is added to the arrival schedule and the cumulative total is taken for each day. The reserved stock portion of the shipping schedule is cumulative for each day, and the actual inventory quantity + the cumulative arrival quantity is subtracted from the reserved inventory cumulative for each day. Is the amount of inventory that can be reserved for diving orders.

FIG. 7 is a PAD diagram showing the procedure of the processing of the allocation section 312. The allocation unit 312 receives the confirmed order information from the sales management system 100 (step 61).
0). The fixed order information includes a fixed date, a planned shipping date, a planned shipping amount, and the like. A reservation ID is added to those already reserved and information to that effect is added to the canceled order.
The allocation unit 312 refers to the basic information table to acquire the “supply lead time” and distributes the processing (step 620). If the unofficial order is confirmed, the fixed date of the corresponding reserved inventory data in the reserved inventory database 331 is added for main registration (step 630). In the case of newly registering the reserved stock, the scheduled shipping date is checked (step 640). If the planned shipping date is within the acceptance deadline, it is registered in the reserved inventory database 331 (step 64).
1). If the planned shipping date is outside the acceptance deadline, that is, if the order is a jump-in order, the inventory transition schedule database 332 is referenced to check the stockable amount on the day of processing (step 642). If the allocation is possible, it is registered in the reserved inventory database 331 and the free inventory database 33 is registered.
The planned shipment quantity is subtracted from the free stock quantity of 0 (step 644). If the allocation cannot be made, a warning message indicating that the allocation cannot be made is sent to the sales management system 100 (step 64).
5). When the reserved stock is canceled, the corresponding reserved stock data is deleted from the reserved stock database 331 (step 650). The scheduled shipping date of the reserved inventory data is checked (step 660), and if the previous cancellation is made, the canceled planned shipping amount is added to the free inventory amount of the free inventory database 330 (step 661). Here, the last-minute cancellation refers to cancellation when the planned shipping date is outside the acceptance deadline. In addition, the update information of the reserved inventory database 331 and the free inventory database 330 is updated to the inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 32.
Notify 1.

FIG. 8 is a PAD showing the procedure of processing by the provisional allocation expiration date monitoring unit 320. The temporary allocation expiration date monitoring unit 320 reads the reserved inventory data from the reserved inventory database 331 one by one (step 710), and repeats the processing from step 730 onward for all the items (step 7).
20). The provisional allocation expiration date monitoring unit 320 acquires the “supply lead time” by referring to the basic information table, and checks the planned shipping date of the reserved inventory data of the provisional allocation whose finalized date is “undetermined” (step). 730). If the planned shipping date is just before the expiration date, the sales management system 10
A warning message is transmitted to confirm the private information to 0 (step 731). This warning message includes the reservation ID, the unveiling date, the planned shipping date, and the planned shipping amount. The term "just before expiration" means that the planned shipping date corresponds to the date of the processing plus the supply lead time. If the planned shipping date has expired, the reserved inventory is treated as canceled, the information for the order receipt is deleted from the reserved inventory database 331 (step 732), and the shipment is canceled to the free inventory amount in the free inventory database 330. The planned amount is added (step 733). Note that the term “expired” means that the planned shipping date is before the date of processing plus the supply lead time. The reserved inventory data whose scheduled shipping date is neither immediately before nor expired is left as it is and the above processing is not performed. The update information of the reserved inventory database 331 and the free inventory database 330 is notified to the inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321.

FIG. 9 is a PAD diagram showing a procedure of processing of the inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321. Inventory change schedule monitoring unit 32
1 refers to the basic information table and refers to the “inventory transition schedule calculation span”, “supply lead time” and “unit order quantity”
Is acquired (step 910). The “stock transition schedule calculation span” is a numerical value indicating how many days from the processing date the inventory transition schedule is calculated. The “unit order quantity” is the quantity used as a unit when ordering a product. Next, the processing is sorted according to the input data (step 920). When the batch update of the inventory transition schedule is instructed from the input device, necessary information is acquired (step 921). That is, the inventory management system 200 is inquired to acquire the actual inventory on the day of processing and the arrival schedule (the order backlog and the expected order) for the “inventory transition schedule calculation span”, and the arrival schedule is ordered in the inventory transition schedule database 332. Store in the column of the balance and the expected order. Further, referring to the reserved inventory database 331, the reserved inventory amount (fixed order corresponding amount / order notice corresponding amount) for the “inventory change schedule calculation span” is aggregated by day and stored in the inventory change schedule database 332. In addition, the free inventory amount of the free inventory database 330 is stored in the corresponding location of the inventory transition schedule database 332 by day. Free inventory calculation unit 310, provisional allocation unit 311, main allocation unit 312
Also, when a database update notification is issued from the provisional allocation expiration date monitoring unit 320, the inventory transition schedule database 332 is updated according to the notification (step 92).
2). When the reserved inventory data is registered in the reserved inventory database 331, the inventory transition schedule database 332
The equivalent amount is added to the reserved inventory of, and when the cancellation is made, the equivalent amount is subtracted from the reserved inventory. Similarly, an equivalent amount is added to or subtracted from the inventory transition schedule database 332 according to the notification of addition or subtraction of the free inventory amount of the free inventory database 330. Next, the variable table held by the inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321 is initialized (step 930). The variables set in the variable table and their initial values are as follows. (A) Inventory transition schedule = actual inventory (b) Actual inventory and arrival schedule cumulative = actual inventory (c) Reserved inventory cumulative = 0 (d) Shipping schedule cumulative = 0 Next, the process after step 941 The calculation span is repeated every day (step 940).
First of all, the start-up inventory for each day is planned to be inventory transition database 3
It is stored in the inventory transition schedule of 32 (step 941). At the beginning of the processing, the actual inventory of the processing day is stored. For each subsequent day, the inventory change schedule of the previous day is posted as is as the starting inventory. Next, the amount of stock that can be allocated for that day is calculated and stored in the stock transition schedule database 332 (step 9).
42). The calculation formula in that case is as follows. (E) Accumulated actual inventory and expected arrival = Cumulative actual inventory and expected arrival + Expected arrival (f) Accumulated reserved inventory = Accumulated reserved inventory + Reserved inventory (g) Available inventory quantity = Accumulated actual inventory and expected arrival -Reserved Inventory Accumulation Next, the inventory transition schedule for the day is calculated and registered in the inventory transition schedule database 332 (step 943). (H) Inventory transition schedule = inventory transition schedule + arrival schedule-shipment schedule The shipment schedule is a combination of reserved inventory and free inventory. Next, it is checked whether inventory replenishment is necessary (step 944). (I) Cumulative shipment schedule = Cumulative reserved stock + Cumulative actual stock and arrival schedule as free stock by day <If the cumulative shipment schedule, inventory replenishment is necessary. When inventory replenishment is necessary, a warning message of inventory replenishment is output to the output device (step 945), and the ordering prospect is registered as a temporary replenishment measure (step 946). At that time, the expected order and the cumulative total of the actual stock and the expected arrival are calculated by the following formula. (J) Number of ordered lots = [(cumulative planned shipment-cumulative stock and expected arrival) / unit order amount] minimum integer (k) Probable order = Probable order + Unit ordered amount x number of ordered lots (l) Actual Cumulative stock and planned arrival = Cumulative actual stock and planned arrival + Prospect for order Note that the formula (k) indicates that the probable order for the day will be updated with the prospective order due to inventory replenishment. Expression (l) shows the update of the actual inventory and the cumulative arrival schedule due to the update of the ordering prospect.

When the above-mentioned allocable inventory amount is calculated according to the example of the inventory transition schedule database 332 shown in FIG. 6, the allocable inventory amount on August 2 is 610. However, there is no arrival schedule on August 3, the next day. Therefore, if 610 can be reserved on August 2, there is a possibility that the reserved inventory for August 3 cannot be secured. Therefore, the reserveable inventory amount on August 2 is corrected to 490 so as to secure at least the reserved inventory for August 3.

FIG. 10 shows the inventory transition schedule database 33.
It is a graph which shows the transition of the total of the actual inventory + arrival schedule and the cumulative shipment schedule for the case of 2. The bar graph shows the total of the actual inventory + the planned arrival, and the line graph shows the cumulative shipment. The figure shows that inventory replenishment is required on August 9.

[0023]

According to the present invention, the receipt of orders and the jump-in orders are managed around the supply lead time.
Since fluctuations in the reserved inventory can be promptly reflected in the amount of inventory that can be allocated and the arrival plan, the concentration of allocation to the inventory on the scheduled shipping date can be eased and proper inventory can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an inventory allocation management device 300 according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a data format of a free inventory database 330 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data format of a reserved inventory database 331 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a PAD diagram showing a processing procedure of a free inventory calculation unit 310 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a PAD diagram showing a processing procedure of a temporary allocation unit 311 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a data format of an inventory transition schedule database 332 of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a PAD diagram showing a processing procedure of a book allocation unit 312 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a PAD diagram showing a processing procedure of a provisional allocation expiration date monitoring unit 320 of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a PAD diagram showing a processing procedure of an inventory transition schedule monitoring unit 321 of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an inventory transition schedule database 332 according to the embodiment.
3 is a graph showing the transition of the actual stock + cumulative arrival schedule and cumulative shipment schedule.

[Explanation of symbols]

300 ... Inventory allocation management device, 310 ... Free inventory calculation unit, 311 ... Temporary allocation unit, 312 ... Main allocation unit, 320 ... Temporary allocation expiration date monitoring unit, 321 ...
Inventory change schedule monitoring unit, 330 ... Free inventory database, 331 ... Reserved inventory database, 332 ...
・ Inventory transition schedule database

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The planned shipping date of the stock item included in the order receipt information is monitored, and the planned shipping date is equivalent to the date including the supply lead time, which is the number of days required from receiving the order on the processing day to receiving the item. A method of managing inventory allocation, wherein a warning is issued to switch the order receipt to a confirmed order when the inventory allocation is performed. [2] A planned shipment of an inventory item required by the fixed order, in which the stock allocated in correspondence with the fixed order and the unplanned order is reserved stock, and the number of days required from the ordering to the arrival is the supply lead time. Settled orders such that the date does not reach the date of processing day plus the supply lead time are regarded as jump orders, and the actual stock volume on the processing day is added to the cumulative delivery schedule up to the planned shipping date From the total of the reserved inventory up to the scheduled shipping date is the reserveable inventory amount for the jumping order, the reserveable inventory amount for the jumping order is the planned shipping amount. Is checked, and when satisfied, the jump-in order is registered as the reserved inventory. 3. When the inventory secured in advance to deal with the jump-in order is set as a free stock, and when the jump-in order is registered as the reserved stock, the free stock is shipped from the free stock on the scheduled shipping date. When the free stock is updated by subtracting the planned quantity, and the order is registered such that the scheduled shipping date of the order registered in the reserved stock does not reach the date of the processing date plus the supply lead time, the order is canceled. 3. The inventory allocation management method according to claim 2, wherein the free inventory is updated by adding the scheduled shipping amount of the canceled order to the free inventory on the scheduled shipping date.