JPH09144066A - Backhoe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To highly achieve requirements of miniaturization and slewing radius reduction of a revolving frame body, and suitability, vibration reduction, controllability and facility of workability of front and rear, left and right frame body balance. SOLUTION: A revolving frame body 3 is rotatably on a running device around a revolving shaft center A, and a maneuvering box 12 is disposed on one side front part of left and right directions of the revolving frame body 3. The left and right swing support shaft 31 of a boom is supported on the other side front part through a support bracket 29 in the form of a forward projection, and a counter weight 9 is provided on the rear part of the revolving frame body 3. An engine 16 is disposed in the neighborhood of the rear side of the revolving shaft center A of the revolving frame body 3 and substantially along the left and right directions of the revolving frame body 3. A working oil tank 20 is arranged between the engine 16 and the rear part of the revolving frame body 3, and the upper part of the engine 16 and the working oil tank 20 is covered with a bonnet 11, on which a driver's seat 14 is disposed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a backhoe used in civil engineering, construction, agriculture and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A backhoe rotatably supports a revolving machine body around a revolving shaft center on a traveling device, and arranges a steering box and a swinging support shaft of a boom in a front portion of the revolving machine body,
A counterweight is provided at the rear of the revolving machine body, an engine, a hydraulic oil tank, and the like are arranged on the revolving machine body, and the upper part of the engine is covered with a bonnet.

In such a backhoe, in particular, a small backhoe, the turning machine body is downsized, the turning radius of the turning machine body is reduced, the front-rear and left-right body balance is optimized, and vibration is reduced.
Ease of maneuverability and workability are required. Therefore, in the prior art, the steering box at the front of the revolving machine body and the support brackets that support the support shaft are separately arranged to the left and right so that the support shaft and the support bracket do not protrude significantly forward from the revolving machine body. The counterweight is provided in the rear part of the revolving machine body, and the rear part is formed in an arc shape having the center of curvature as the center of curvature (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-220).
In addition, the engine is arranged in the rear part of the turning machine body, the upper part of which is covered with a bonnet, and the driver's seat is arranged on this bonnet (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-127100).

[0004]

However, the backhoe of the prior art does not sufficiently satisfy the required conditions. That is, in the former conventional technique, the engine is separated from the center of the turning axis to the rear side and is in a tilted posture with respect to the left-right direction of the turning machine body, the body balance is poor, the vibration is large, and the support shaft and the support are not supported. Since the bracket is located right next to the step, it is difficult to get on and off the turning vehicle.

Further, in the latter conventional technique, even if the engine is arranged behind the turning axis and in a posture close to the left-right direction of the turning machine body, the hydraulic oil tank is arranged so as to be laterally distributed from the driver's seat. Is large, it is difficult to balance the airframe, and it protrudes far ahead of the driver's seat, making it difficult to get on and off the turning aircraft. In view of such problems of the conventional technology, the present invention reduces the size of the turning machine, reduces the turning radius of the turning machine, optimizes the front-rear and left-right machine body balance,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a backhoe capable of achieving a higher degree of demands such as vibration reduction, easy maneuverability and workability.

[0006]

A first specific means for solving the problems in the present invention is to support a turning machine body 3 on a traveling device 2 so as to be rotatable about a turning axis A, and to rotate the turning machine body. The control box 12 is arranged at the front part on one side in the left-right direction of 3, and the support shaft 31 for swinging the left-right swing of the boom 34 is supported on the front part on the other side in the left-right direction in a protruding manner via the support bracket 29. A counterweight 9 is provided at the rear of the engine 16
Is arranged in the vicinity of the rear side of the turning axis A of the turning machine body 3 and substantially along the left-right direction of the turning machine body 3, and a hydraulic oil tank 20 is arranged between the engine 16 and the rear part of the turning machine body 3. Also, the bonnet 11 covers the upper part of the hydraulic oil tank 20, and the driver's seat 14 is arranged on the bonnet 11.

As a result, the engine 16 and the hydraulic oil tank 20 are properly arranged, the front-rear and left-right balance of the turning machine body 3 is optimized, vibration is reduced, the turning machine body 3 is downsized, and the turning radius is also reduced. It A second concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is to support the revolving machine body 3 on the traveling device 2 so as to be rotatable around the revolving axis A, and to the front portion of the revolving machine body 3 on one side in the left-right direction. Arrange the control box 12 so that the front surface substantially coincides with the front end of the turning body 3,
A support shaft 29 that supports the support bracket 29 in a forwardly projecting manner on the other side front portion in the left-right direction and that supports the boom 34 so as to swing left and right is provided at the front end of the support bracket 29 and right next to the control box 12. A counterweight 9 is provided at the rear of the arcuate revolving unit 3 having a center of curvature A as a center of curvature, and an engine 16 is arranged near the rear side of the revolving shaft center A of the revolving unit 3 and substantially along the left-right direction of the revolving unit 3. , Counterweight 9
Of the hydraulic oil tank 20
Is formed, the upper side of the engine 16 and the hydraulic oil tank 20 is covered with the bonnet 11, and the driver's seat 14 is disposed on the bonnet 11.

As a result, the control box 12, the boom 34, the engine 16, the hydraulic oil tank 20, the counterweight 9, etc. are properly arranged, the front-rear and left-right balance of the turning machine body 3 is optimized, vibration is reduced, and the turning machine body is rotated. Since there is no member protruding forward from 3, the front and rear dimensions are reduced as much as possible,
Miniaturization and reduction of turning radius are achieved. A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to support the turning machine body 3 on the traveling device 2 so as to be rotatable around the turning axis A, and to the front part of one side of the turning machine body 3 in the left-right direction. The steering box 12 is arranged, the left and right swinging support shafts 31 of the boom 34 are supported in a forward protruding manner via the support brackets 29 at the front portion on the other side in the left-right direction, and an arc-shaped turning is made with the turning axis A as the center of curvature. A counterweight 9 is provided at the rear of the machine body 3, an engine 16 is arranged near the rear side of the swing axis A of the swing machine body 3 and substantially along the left-right direction of the swing machine body 3, and a bonnet 11 covering the upper side of the engine 16 is provided. The upper half of the swivel body 3 is covered to form a passage space S that can walk substantially straight from between the front surface of the bonnet 11 and the control box 12 to both left and right ends of the swivel body 3, and the upper part of the bonnet 11 can be covered. Driver seat 14 It is that you are.

As a result, the engine 16 and the hydraulic oil tank 20 are properly arranged, the front-rear and left-right balance of the swivel body 3 is optimized, vibration is reduced, and the bonnet 11
Does not project to the side of the driver's seat 14 and a passage space S in which a substantially straight line can be walked is formed, which facilitates getting on and off.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a small backhoe, and the small backhoe 1 is mainly composed of a traveling device 2, a turning machine body 3 and an excavating device 4.
Note that, hereinafter, the traveling direction of the backhoe 1 indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 4 is referred to as the front-rear direction, and the lateral direction indicated by the arrow C orthogonal to the front-rear direction is referred to as the left-right direction.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the traveling device 2 is provided with a pair of right and left crawler traveling bodies 5 having rubber crawler tracks, and these traveling bodies 5 are driven by a hydraulic motor M1. Has been adopted. The traveling device 2 is configured to connect and support the crawler traveling bodies 5 so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and to move the crawler traveling bodies 5 in the left-right direction by a hydraulic cylinder so that the interval between the left and right crawler traveling bodies 5 can be adjusted. . A dozer 6 is provided at the front of the traveling device 2.

The revolving machine body 3 has a main body 8 rotatably supported about a vertical revolving axis A on a bearing body 7 provided in a central portion between the left and right crawler traveling bodies 5 of the traveling device 2. A counterweight 9 is provided at the rear of the main body 8 for balancing the weight of the excavator 4 and the like attached to the front. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rear surface side of the revolving machine body 3 is formed in an arc shape having a substantially revolving axis A as a center of curvature, and a revolving locus circle drawn by the rear surface of the machine body when revolving is The crawler traveling body 5 is accommodated within the lateral width of the traveling device 2 when the lateral width of the traveling body 5 is maximized.

The left and right width of the turning machine body 3 is narrower than the diameter of the turning locus circle drawn by the rear surface, and when the left and right widths of the left and right crawler running bodies 5 are the narrowest, they are outside the left and right sides of the crawler running body 5. It is configured such that the end edges are located substantially at the right and left side surfaces of the turning machine body 3. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an opening between the main body 8 and the weight 9 at the rear of the swivel body 3 is opened upward, the opening 10 is closed by a bonnet 11, and the main body 8 is closed. The inside is hollow so that devices can be stored.

A steering box 12 is provided on the left side of the front part on the turning body 3, and the traveling device 2,
The swivel body 3, the excavator 4, and the like are provided with levers and pedals for operating hydraulic equipment. A control valve 13 for controlling each hydraulic device is arranged inside the revolving unit 3 below the control box 12. A driver's seat 14 is provided on the hood 11 behind the control box 12, and a driver's seat 14 on the upper surface of the bonnet 11 is provided with a recessed portion 15 which is recessed from above in order to provide a sense of stability.
It has been. Further, the control box 12 and the bonnet 11 are arranged at a distance, and the control box 1
A passage space S is formed between 2 and the hood 11.

In other words, the bonnet 11 covers the upper half of the upper portion of the revolving machine body 3, and a passage space S that allows a substantially straight walk from between the front surface of the bonnet 11 and the control box 12 to the left and right ends of the revolving machine body 3. And the driver's seat 14 is arranged on the bonnet 11 at an appropriate distance from the control box 12, and the right portion of the bonnet 11 has a shape that does not project to the side of the driver's seat 14.

Inside the bonnet 11, the engine 1
6, a radiator 17, a hydraulic pump 18 driven by the engine 16, a fuel tank 19 for the engine 16,
A hydraulic oil tank 20 for each hydraulic device is housed.
The engine 16 is disposed in the center of the turning machine body 3 in the left-right direction, in the vicinity of the rear side of the turning axis A and in a posture substantially along the left-right direction of the turning machine body 3, and the crankshaft center D is in the left-right direction of the turning machine body 3. And the center of gravity of the engine 16 is located substantially at the center in the left-right direction.

A radiator 1 is provided on the right side of the engine 16.
7 is arranged, and a hydraulic pump 18 is arranged and fixed on the left side of the engine 16. The hydraulic pump 18 is driven by the output shaft of the engine 16. A muffler 21 is arranged in the front-rear direction above the hydraulic pump 18, and a tail pipe 42 is projected from the muffler 21 in the rear right direction and in a downward inclined shape.
As shown in FIG. 7, the tip of is narrowed to have an oval cross section or a circular cross section.

By providing the tail pipe 42,
Not only the engine sound is muffled by the muffler 21, but also the sound quality is limited when exiting from the muffler 21 through the tail pipe 42 by the throttle at the tip, shortening the sound propagation distance, and reducing the sound and exhaust gas. It can be expanded and dispersed, and the above effect can be further enhanced by the downward inclination of the tail pipe 42. The tail pipe 42 may be formed of a thin pipe having the same cross-sectional shape as the tip without being narrowed.

Below the hydraulic pump 18, a fuel tank 19 which is long in the front-rear direction is arranged.
A hydraulic oil tank 20 is arranged on the lower rear side of 6. The hydraulic oil tank 20 includes the engine 16 and the turning machine body 3.
The counterweight 9 is formed between the rear part and the rear part, and the counterweight 9 projects toward the engine 16 side and is formed therein.
Is integrally formed by recessing from above, and is formed laterally long in the left-right direction, and an auxiliary tank 22 is provided on the left side of the lid 20a that closes the upper end opening of the hydraulic oil tank 20. A battery 23 is arranged and fixed on the left side of the auxiliary tank 22. The hydraulic oil tank 20 may be independently formed and may be inserted into the concave portion of the counterweight 9.

The counterweight 9, engine 16,
The hydraulic oil tank 20, the auxiliary tank 22, etc.
Since it is arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the center of the left-right direction, the body balance in the left-right direction is good, and it is sufficient to consider only the weight of the remaining members without considering these members,
It becomes easy to balance the airframe. Also, Engine 1
Since 6 is located in the vicinity of the rear side of the turning axis A, engine vibration is suppressed, and compared with the case where it is distant from the turning axis A,
Vibration can be reduced.

An air cleaner 24 is disposed in the left-right direction above the rear of the engine 16, and an intake hose 25 of the air cleaner 24 is connected to the engine 1 from the air cleaner 24.
6 is extended to the front side of the engine 16 while bypassing the left side of the upper part, and is extended to the right side of the front part of the upper part of the engine 16 to the front side of the radiator 17 and downward to the lower side of the radiator 17. It has been extended.

As shown in FIG. 6, the radiator 17 is arranged so as to face an exhaust port 27 formed of a large number of small holes formed on the right side surface of the bonnet 11, and
A radiator fan 26 is attached to the right side of the engine 16, and the cooling air generated by the fan 26 is blown rightward, that is, toward the radiator 17, and is exhausted from an air outlet 27. There is.

Further, the lower surface of the revolving machine body 3 on the lower side of the radiator 17 is formed as an opening and serves as an intake port 28 for cooling air, and the intake air from the intake port 28 to the air cleaner 24 is also performed. In order to prevent the cooling air passing through the core of the radiator 17 from returning to the left side of the radiator 17, the upper surface and front and rear surfaces of the radiator 17 and the bonnet 1
1, the lower right edge of the radiator 17 and the opening 1
The space between 0 and the right edge is closed by a sealing material.

Further, the bonnet 11 has a rear lower part pivotally attached to the weight 9 so as to be rotatable about the left and right axes.
As shown by the phantom line, the inside of the bonnet 11 can be inspected by rotating it to the rear side. A hydraulic motor M2 for turning the turning machine body 3 is arranged in the turning machine body 3 on the right front side of the engine 16.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a pair of upper and lower support brackets 29 are provided on the right front part of the turning machine body 3.
The front end of the support bracket 29 is projected forward from an opening 30 formed in the front surface of the turning machine body 3, and the swing bracket 32 is attached to the front end via a support shaft 31.
Is pivoted around the vertical axis so that it can swing left and right. The plane shape of the swivel body 3 is a substantially oval shape, and the right side of the front surface thereof is inclined rearward from the central portion in the left-right direction toward the outer side, and the support shaft 31 and the support bracket 29 are provided.
The front end portion of is substantially coincident with the leftmost front end of the revolving machine body 3, or is slightly rearward and is located in front of the rear end of the operation box 12, and is located almost right beside the operation box 12. As a result, the passage space S between the control box 12 and the hood 11 is formed so as to reach the left and right ends of the turning machine body 3, and it is possible to get on and off from either the left or right and to walk in a substantially straight line in the left and right directions. ing.

The front surface of the control box 12 and the front end portion of the support bracket 29 are substantially aligned with the leftmost tip of the turning machine body 3, and the rear end of the driver's seat 14 is a counterweight 9.
Is located in the vicinity of the rear surface (the rear surface of the turning machine body 3), and the control box 12 and the driver's seat 14 are set at an appropriate distance for driving. Therefore, the front-rear dimensions of the turning machine body 3 and its upper structure are , The minimum size that can be achieved as a backhoe. Although not shown, the control box 12
Has a tapered lower portion and has a foot petal on its side, and the driver's foot is placed on the lower side of the control box 12.

On the right side of the swing bracket 32, a piston rod 33a of a swing cylinder 33, which is arranged in the swinging machine body 3 below the radiator 17, is pivotally mounted so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. When the piston rod 33a of the cylinder 33 moves back and forth, the swing bracket 3
2 is swung right and left around the support shaft 31. The excavator 4
Is a boom 34 whose base is pivotally attached to the lower part of the pivot bracket 32 so as to be pivotable about the left and right axes, and an arm 35 which is pivotally attached to the tip end side of the boom 34 so as to be pivotable about the left and right axes.
And a bucket 36 attached to the tip of the arm 35 so as to be freely squeezed and dumped.

The boom 34 is oscillated by a boom cylinder 37 provided between the upper part of the oscillating bracket 32 and a midway portion of the boom 34, and the bucket 36 serves as a base portion of the arm 35 and a mounting portion of the bucket 36. A squeeze / dump operation is performed by a bucket cylinder 39 provided between the two. The boom cylinder 37 is located closer to the revolving unit 3 than the boom 34, and is protected by the boom 34 against collision with an obstacle.

A canopy 40 is detachably attached to the backhoe 1, and the support column of the canopy 40 is a weight 9
It is attached and fixed to the left and right side parts of. The rear end of the roof of the canopy 40 coincides with the back surface of the counterweight 9. In addition,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, the engine 16 may be disposed in the left-right direction, the rear end of the driver's seat 14 may be aligned with the back surface of the counterweight 9, or the plane shape of the turning machine body 3 may be formed in a substantially circular shape.

[0030]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the control box 12 is arranged at the front part on one side in the left-right direction of the swivel body 3, and the driver's seat 14 is arranged on the bonnet 11 behind it, and the other side in the left-right direction is arranged. Since the left and right swinging support shafts 31 of the boom 34 are supported on the front part in a protruding manner via the support brackets 29, they can be arranged in the left and right directions, and the counterweight 9 can be arranged on the rear part of the swivel body 3 on top of them. Installation, engine 16
Is arranged near the rear side of the turning axis A of the turning machine body 3 and substantially along the left-right direction of the turning machine body 3, and the hydraulic oil tank 20 is arranged between the engine 16 and the rear part of the turning machine body 3. The engine 16 and the hydraulic oil tank 20 can be properly arranged, the front-rear and left-right balance of the turning machine body 3 can be optimized, vibration can be reduced, and the turning machine body 3 can be downsized and the turning radius can be reduced.

Further, the control box 12 is arranged so that its front surface substantially coincides with the front end of the turning machine body 3, and the support shaft 3
1 at the front end of the support bracket 29 and the control box 12
Of the control box 12, the boom 34, the engine 16, the hydraulic oil tank 20, the counterweight 9 and the like, since the counterweight 9 is protruded toward the engine 16 side to form the hydraulic oil tank 20 inside. Proper arrangement is possible, there is no member protruding forward from the turning machine body 3, the front-rear dimension is reduced as much as possible, and miniaturization and turning radius reduction can be achieved to a higher degree.

Further, the bonnet 11 covering the upper part of the engine 16 covers substantially the latter half of the upper portion of the turning machine body 3, and a substantially straight line is formed between the front surface of the bonnet 11 and the control box 12 to the left and right ends of the turning machine body 3. Since the walkable passage space S is formed, the bonnet 11 does not project to the side of the driver's seat 14, and it is possible to walk in a substantially straight line, which makes it extremely easy to get on and off, and it is possible to further improve maneuverability and workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a turning machine body.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of a turning machine body.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view of a backhoe.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a backhoe.

FIG. 5 is a right side view of the turning machine body.

FIG. 6 is an overall right side view of the turning machine body.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a tail pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Traveling device 3 Swivel body 9 Counterweight 11 Bonnet 12 Control box 14 Driver's seat 16 Engine 20 Hydraulic oil tank 29 Support bracket 31 Support shaft 34 Boom A Swivel axis S Passage space

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A slewing machine body (3) is rotatably supported on a traveling device (2) around a slewing axis (A), and a steering box (3) is provided at a front portion on one side in the left-right direction of the slewing machine body (3). 12) is arranged to support the swinging support shaft (31) of the boom (34) to the front part on the other side in the left-right direction through the support bracket (29) so as to project forward, and to the rear part of the turning body (3). A counterweight (9) is provided, and the engine (16) is arranged near the turning axis (A) rear side of the turning machine body (3) and substantially along the left-right direction of the turning machine body (3). And a hydraulic oil tank (20) between the rear part of the swivel body (3) and
A backhoe, characterized in that the engine (16) and the hydraulic oil tank (20) are covered with a bonnet (11) and the driver's seat (14) is arranged on the bonnet (11). 2. A swivel body (3) is rotatably supported on a traveling device (2) about a swivel axis (A), and a front surface swivels at a front part on one side in the left-right direction of the swivel body (3). The steering box (12) is arranged so as to be substantially coincident with the frontmost tip of the body (3), and the support bracket (29) is supported on the front part of the other side in the left-right direction in a forwardly projecting manner. A support shaft (31) for supporting the boom (34) to swing right and left is provided at the front end of the steering box (12) and right next to the control box (12), and an arc-shaped turning machine body (3) having a turning axis (A) as a center of curvature is provided. ), A counterweight (9) is provided in the rear part of the counter, and the engine (16) is arranged near the rear side of the turning axis (A) of the turning machine body (3) and substantially along the left-right direction of the turning machine body (3). The weight (9) is projected toward the engine (16) side to form the hydraulic oil tank (20) inside. Cover the engine (16) and the hydraulic oil tank (20) with the bonnet (11),
A backhoe having a driver's seat (14) arranged on the hood (11). 3. A slewing machine body (3) is rotatably supported on a traveling device (2) around a slewing axis (A), and a steering box (3) is provided at a front portion on one side in the left-right direction of the slewing machine body (3). 12) is arranged, the swinging support shaft (31) of the boom (34) is supported on the front portion on the other side in the left-right direction in a protruding manner via the support bracket (29), and the turning axis (A) is curved. A counterweight (9) is provided in the rear part of the circular arc-shaped turning body (3), and the engine (16) is located near the turning axis (A) rear side of the turning machine (3) and in the turning machine (3). The bonnet (11), which is arranged substantially along the left-right direction and covers the upper part of the engine (16), covers the upper half of the upper portion of the turning body (3).
The front of this bonnet (11) and the control box (12)
And a bonnet (1)
A backhoe characterized in that a driver's seat (14) is arranged above 1).