JPH09142951A - Method and device for production of lightweight ceramic body with good color, and artificial cultivation soil for planting - Google Patents
Method and device for production of lightweight ceramic body with good color, and artificial cultivation soil for plantingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09142951A JPH09142951A JP7328191A JP32819195A JPH09142951A JP H09142951 A JPH09142951 A JP H09142951A JP 7328191 A JP7328191 A JP 7328191A JP 32819195 A JP32819195 A JP 32819195A JP H09142951 A JPH09142951 A JP H09142951A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- firing
- ceramic body
- furnace
- lightweight ceramic
- lightweight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、色彩の良好な軽量
セラミックス体を製造するための方法及び装置と、植栽
用人工培土に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a lightweight ceramic body having good color, and an artificial soil for planting.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】比重が１以下の軽量セラミックス体を得
るために、頁岩、粘土、石炭灰、粘板岩等の発泡性無機
粉体を原料として用い、これを成形し、焼成発泡させる
方法は知られている（例えば、特開平３−９７６４３
号）。このようにして得られる軽量セラミックス体は、
その使用原料によって異なるが、一般的には灰色の色調
を有するので、美感の点では劣ったものとなっている。
このような軽量セラミックス体は、主に、コンクリート
用の軽量骨材としての用途を有しているが、近年におい
ては、観葉植物等の植栽用培土としても使用されるよう
になってきている。しかし、前記軽量セラミックス体を
植栽用培土として用いる場合、その美感が問題になり、
美感の点から色彩の良好な、具体的には、明るくあざや
かな色調を有する黄赤〜赤系の色相の軽量セラミックス
体の開発が要望されている。2. Description of the Related Art In order to obtain a lightweight ceramic body having a specific gravity of 1 or less, there is known a method in which expandable inorganic powder such as shale, clay, coal ash and slate is used as a raw material, and this is molded and fired and expanded. (For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-97643)
issue). The lightweight ceramic body thus obtained is
Although it varies depending on the raw material used, it generally has a gray color tone, and thus is inferior in terms of aesthetics.
Such a lightweight ceramic body has a use mainly as a lightweight aggregate for concrete, but in recent years, it has also been used as a soil for planting foliage plants and the like. . However, when the lightweight ceramic body is used as a soil for planting, its aesthetics poses a problem,
From the viewpoint of aesthetics, there is a demand for development of a lightweight ceramic body having a good color, specifically, a yellow-red to red hue having a bright and vivid color tone.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、美感の良い
軽量セラミックス体を製造するための方法及び装置を提
供するとともに、植栽用人工培土を提供することをその
課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for producing a light-weight ceramic body having a good appearance and an artificial soil for planting.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記課題
を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成する
に至った。即ち、本発明によれば、少なくとも３重量％
の鉄分を含む軽量セラミックス体を、酸素濃度が８〜１
０容量％の酸素含有ガス雰囲気下で９００〜１０００℃
の温度で焼成することを特徴とする色彩の良好な軽量セ
ラミックス体の製造方法が提供される。また、本発明に
よれば、少なくとも３重量％の鉄分を含む発泡性無機粉
体成形物を、酸素濃度が５容量％以下の雰囲気下で１０
００〜１２００℃の温度に焼成する第１焼成工程と、第
１焼成工程で得られた軽量セラミックス体を、酸素濃度
が８〜１０容量％の含酸素ガス雰囲気下で９００〜１０
００℃の温度で焼成する第２焼成工程からなる色彩の良
好な軽量セラミックス体の製造方法が提供される。さら
に、本発明によれば、少なくとも３重量％の鉄分を含む
軽量セラミックス体の未破砕物とその破砕物との混合物
を、酸素濃度が８〜１０容量％の含酸素ガス雰囲気下で
９００〜１０００℃の温度で焼成することを特徴とする
色彩の良好な未破砕状軽量セラミックス体と色彩の良好
な破砕状軽量セラミックス体との混合物の製造方法が提
供される。さらにまた、本発明によれば、少なくとも３
重量％の鉄分を含む発泡性無機粉体成形物を、酸素濃度
が５容量％以下の雰囲気下で１０００〜１２００℃の温
度に焼成する第１焼成炉と、第１焼成炉で得られた軽量
セラミックス体を、酸素濃度が８〜１０容量％の含酸素
ガス雰囲気下で９００〜１０００℃の温度で焼成する第
２焼成炉を備えたことを特徴とする色彩の良好な軽量セ
ラミックス体の製造装置が提供される。さらにまた、本
発明によれば、前記色彩の良好な軽量セラミックス体
と、その軽量セラミックス体の破砕物との混合物からな
る植栽用人工培土が提供される。さらにまた、本発明に
よれば、前記色彩の良好な未破砕状軽量セラミックス体
と色彩の良好な破砕状軽量セラミックス体との混合物か
らなる植栽用人工培土が提供される。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have completed the present invention. That is, according to the invention, at least 3% by weight
Oxygen concentration is 8 to 1 for lightweight ceramics containing iron
900-1000 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 0% by volume of oxygen-containing gas
There is provided a method for producing a lightweight ceramic body having good color, which is characterized by firing at the temperature of. Further, according to the present invention, an expandable inorganic powder molded product containing at least 3% by weight of iron is used in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5% by volume or less.
The first firing step of firing at a temperature of 00 to 1200 ° C., and the lightweight ceramic body obtained in the first firing step are subjected to 900 to 10 in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume.
Provided is a method for producing a lightweight ceramic body having good color, which comprises a second firing step of firing at a temperature of 00 ° C. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a mixture of an uncrushed product of a lightweight ceramics body containing at least 3% by weight of iron and the crushed product is heated to 900 to 1000 in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume. Provided is a method for producing a mixture of an uncrushed lightweight ceramic body having good color and a crushed lightweight ceramic body having good color, which is characterized by firing at a temperature of ° C. Furthermore, according to the invention, at least 3
A first firing furnace for firing an expandable inorganic powder molding containing iron by weight at a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ° C. in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5% by volume or less, and a light weight obtained in the first firing furnace. An apparatus for manufacturing a lightweight ceramic body with good color, comprising a second firing furnace for firing a ceramic body at a temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C. in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume. Will be provided. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided an artificial soil for planting, which is composed of a mixture of the light-weight ceramic body having a good color and a crushed product of the light-weight ceramic body. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided an artificial cultivating soil for planting, which is composed of a mixture of the uncrushed lightweight ceramics body having good color and the crushed lightweight ceramics body having good color.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明で原料として用いる無機粉
体としては、頁岩、粘土、粘板岩、石炭灰等の人工軽量
骨材用原料として従来一般的に用いられているものが用
いられる。これらの無機粉体の平均粒径は、３〜２０μ
ｍ、好ましくは５〜１０μｍである。本発明では、この
ような無機粉体は、それに含まれる鉄分量を、金属鉄
（Ｆｅ）換算量で、少なくとも３重量％（乾燥物基
準）、好ましくは３〜６重量％に調整する。この鉄分量
の調整は、原料無機粉体に対し、鉄化合物、例えば、Ｆ
ｅＯ、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3、Ｆｅ3Ｏ4等の酸化鉄又はこれらを含む
物質（粘土等）、Ｆｅ(ＯＨ)2、Ｆｅ(ＯＨ)3等の水酸化
鉄又はこれらを含む物質、硫酸鉄等を添加することによ
って行うことができる。原料無機粉体の種類によって
は、前記した範囲の鉄分量を既に含むものがある（例え
ば、貢岩粉や膨張粘土等）が、このような原料無機粉体
に対しては、鉄化合物の添加は特に必要とされない。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As the inorganic powder used as a raw material in the present invention, those conventionally used as a raw material for artificial lightweight aggregates such as shale, clay, slate and coal ash are used. The average particle size of these inorganic powders is 3 to 20 μm.
m, preferably 5 to 10 μm. In the present invention, such an inorganic powder is adjusted such that the amount of iron contained therein is at least 3 wt% (dry matter basis), preferably 3 to 6 wt% in terms of metallic iron (Fe). The amount of iron is adjusted by adjusting the amount of iron compound, such as F
Iron oxides such as eO, Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 or substances containing them (clay etc.), Iron hydroxides such as Fe (OH) 2 and Fe (OH) 3 or substances containing these, iron sulphate etc. Can be added. Depending on the type of the raw material inorganic powder, there are some that already contain the iron content in the above range (for example, slag rock powder, expanded clay, etc.). Is not particularly required.
【０００６】本発明の方法を実施するには、先ず、前記
無機粉体に、有機バインダーや、水等の慣用の成形助剤
及び炭素粉、炭素ケイ素粉等の慣用の発泡助剤を添加混
合し、この混合物を、ペレタイザーや、押出成形機、プ
レス成形機等の成形装置を用いて成形する。成形物の形
状は、球状、ペレット状、円柱状等の各種の形状である
ことができる。その寸法は、通常２〜２０ｍｍ程度であ
る。To carry out the method of the present invention, first, an organic binder, a conventional molding aid such as water, and a conventional foaming aid such as carbon powder or carbon silicon powder are added to and mixed with the inorganic powder. Then, the mixture is molded using a pelletizer, a molding machine such as an extrusion molding machine, a press molding machine, or the like. The shape of the molded product can be various shapes such as spherical shape, pellet shape, and columnar shape. Its size is usually about 2 to 20 mm.
【０００７】本発明において、植栽用培土として好適な
軽量セラミックス体を製造する場合、その軽量セラミッ
クス体は異形断面であることが好ましいが、このような
異形断面の軽量セラミックス体を得るには、前記無機粉
体の成形において、異形断面の成形物を製造すればよ
い。このような異形断面の成形物を得るための方法とし
ては、例えば、特開平５−３１７６８０号公報に詳述さ
れている。In the present invention, when producing a lightweight ceramic body suitable as a soil for planting, it is preferable that the lightweight ceramic body has an irregular cross section. To obtain such a lightweight ceramic body having an irregular cross section, In molding the inorganic powder, a molded product having an irregular cross section may be manufactured. A method for obtaining a molded product having such a modified cross section is described in detail, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-317680.
【０００８】次に、本発明においては、前記のようにし
て形成された無機粉体成形物は、これを、第１焼成工程
において焼成し、発泡させる。この焼成工程は、従来公
知の方法に従い、融着防止剤の存在下、酸素濃度が５容
量％以下、好ましくは４容量％以下のガス雰囲気下で、
１０００℃以上の温度、通常、１１００〜１２００℃の
高温で実施される。焼成時間は、通常、４０〜６０分、
好ましくは４０〜５０分である。融着防止剤としては、
焼成温度で融着しない、耐火性の強い無機粉体が用いら
れる。その平均粒径は、通常、１０〜２０μｍである。
このようなものとしては、例えば、耐火粘土粉、粘土シ
ャモット粉、ケイ石粉、アルミナ粉等が挙げられる。そ
の添加量は、通常、原料成形物１００重量部に対し、２
〜１０重量部の割合である。Next, in the present invention, the inorganic powder molded article formed as described above is fired in the first firing step to foam. This firing step is carried out according to a conventionally known method in the presence of a fusion inhibitor in a gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5% by volume or less, preferably 4% by volume or less,
It is carried out at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, usually at a high temperature of 1100 to 1200 ° C. The firing time is usually 40 to 60 minutes,
It is preferably 40 to 50 minutes. As anti-fusion agent,
Inorganic powder with strong fire resistance that does not fuse at the firing temperature is used. The average particle diameter is usually 10 to 20 μm.
Examples of such materials include refractory clay powder, clay chamotte powder, silica stone powder, and alumina powder. The addition amount is usually 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw material molded product.
10 to 10 parts by weight.
【０００９】次に、本発明においては、前記のようにし
て得られた軽量セラミックス体（焼成発泡体）は、これ
を、第２焼成工程において、酸素濃度が８〜１０容量
％、好ましくは８〜９容量％の含酸素雰囲気下で９００
〜１０００℃、好ましくは９００〜９５０℃の温度で焼
成する。焼成時間は、通常、３０〜５０分、好ましくは
３０〜４０分である。この焼成工程により、明るくあざ
やかな色調で、黄赤〜赤系の色相を有する色彩の良好な
軽量セラミックス体が得られる。この軽量セラミックス
体の色相はそれに含まれる酸化鉄（Ｆｅ2Ｏ3）に基づく
ものであり、前記酸素含有雰囲気下での第２焼成工程に
より発現される。原料無機粉体中の鉄化合物は、前記第
１焼成工程によっては明るくあざやかで黄赤〜赤系の色
相の酸化鉄には変換されず、逆に、明るくあざやかで黄
赤〜赤系の色相の酸化鉄をあらかじめ無機粉体に添加し
ても、その色は、第１焼成工程により、灰色に変色して
しまう。前記第２焼成工程から得られる焼成物は、これ
を冷却し、焼成物から融着防止剤を除去して、製品軽量
セラミックス体とすることができる。Next, in the present invention, the lightweight ceramic body (fired foam) obtained as described above has an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume, preferably 8 in the second firing step. 900 in an oxygen-containing atmosphere of 9% by volume
Calcination is performed at a temperature of 1000 ° C, preferably 900 ° C to 950 ° C. The firing time is usually 30 to 50 minutes, preferably 30 to 40 minutes. By this firing step, a lightweight ceramic body having a bright and vivid color tone and a good hue having a yellow-red to reddish hue can be obtained. The hue of the lightweight ceramic body is based on iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) contained therein, and is developed by the second firing step under the oxygen-containing atmosphere. The iron compound in the raw material inorganic powder is not converted into iron oxide having a bright and bright yellow-red to red hue by the first firing step, and conversely, it is bright and bright and has a yellow-red to red hue. Even if iron oxide is added to the inorganic powder in advance, its color will change to gray due to the first firing step. The calcined product obtained from the second calcining step can be cooled to remove the anti-fusing agent from the calcined product to obtain a product lightweight ceramic body.
【００１０】前記のようにして製品軽量セラミックス体
を得る場合、第１焼成工程で得られる高温の焼成物は、
これを９００〜１０００℃の温度に保持して第２焼成工
程に移し、焼成するのが好ましい。When the product lightweight ceramic body is obtained as described above, the high temperature fired product obtained in the first firing step is
It is preferable to hold this at a temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C., move it to the second firing step, and fire it.
【００１１】また、本発明においては、市販されている
軽量セラミックス体又はあらかじめ製造された軽量セラ
ミックス体を原料とし、これを酸素濃度が８〜１０容量
％の酸素含有ガス雰囲気下で９００〜１０００℃の温度
で焼成することによっても、色彩の良好な軽量セラミッ
クス体を得ることができる。この場合、原料である軽量
セラミックス体は、鉄分を少なくとも３重量％含有する
ことが必要である。また、この焼成における焼成時間
は、３０〜５０分、好ましくは３０〜４０分である。Further, in the present invention, a commercially available lightweight ceramic body or a lightweight ceramic body produced in advance is used as a raw material, and this is used in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume at 900 to 1000 ° C. A light-weight ceramic body having a good color can also be obtained by firing at the temperature. In this case, the lightweight ceramic body as a raw material needs to contain at least 3% by weight of iron. The firing time in this firing is 30 to 50 minutes, preferably 30 to 40 minutes.
【００１２】本発明により得られる軽量セラミックス体
を植栽用人工培土として用いる場合、その保水性（吸水
性）を高めるために、前記のようにして得られた軽量セ
ラミックス体は、その一部を破砕し、この破砕物を未破
砕物と混合するのが好ましい。軽量セラミックス体にお
ける表面部は、ガラス質で被覆されていることから、保
水性が低く、その吸水率は８〜１２重量％程度である
が、これに破砕物を混入することにより、全体的な保水
性を高めることができる。未破砕物及び破砕物の寸法は
特に制約されないが、未破砕物の寸法は、通常、２〜３
０ｍｍ、好ましくは２〜１５ｍｍであり、破砕物の寸法
は、それより小さな寸法で、通常、１〜１５ｍｍ、好ま
しくは１〜１０ｍｍである。混合物中の破砕物含有量
は、３０〜６０重量％、好ましくは４０〜５０重量％で
ある。When the lightweight ceramic body obtained by the present invention is used as an artificial soil for planting, in order to improve its water retention (water absorption), the lightweight ceramic body obtained as described above is partially It is preferable to crush and then mix this crushed material with the uncrushed material. Since the surface portion of the lightweight ceramic body is covered with glass, it has a low water-retaining property and its water absorption rate is about 8 to 12% by weight. Water retention can be improved. The size of the uncrushed product and the crushed product is not particularly limited, but the size of the uncrushed product is usually 2 to 3
It is 0 mm, preferably 2 to 15 mm, and the size of the crushed material is smaller, usually 1 to 15 mm, preferably 1 to 10 mm. The crushed material content in the mixture is 30 to 60% by weight, preferably 40 to 50% by weight.
【００１３】前記色彩の良好な軽量セラミックス体の未
破砕物と破砕物との混合物は、前記のように、色彩の良
好な軽量セラミックス体の未破砕物と破砕物とを混合す
ることによって製造し得るほか、あらかじめ製造された
色彩の劣る軽量セラミックス体の未破砕物と破砕物との
混合物を、前記したように、酸素濃度が８〜１０容量％
の酸素含有雰囲気下で９００〜１０００℃の温度で焼成
することによって得ることができる。また、色彩の良好
な軽量セラミックス体の未破砕物と破砕物の混合物は、
前記第１焼成工程で得られた焼成物の一部を破砕し、こ
の破砕物を未破砕の焼成物に加え、第２焼成工程で焼成
することによっても得ることができる。The mixture of the uncrushed product and the crushed product of the light-weight ceramic body having a good color is produced by mixing the uncrushed product and the crushed product of the light-weight ceramic body having a good color as described above. In addition to the above, a mixture of an uncrushed material and a crushed material of a preliminarily manufactured lightweight ceramic body having an inferior color has an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume.
It can be obtained by firing at a temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. In addition, the mixture of uncrushed and crushed lightweight ceramics with good color is
It can also be obtained by crushing a part of the fired product obtained in the first firing step, adding the crushed product to an uncrushed fired product, and firing in the second firing step.
【００１４】本発明の方法は、第１焼成炉と第２焼成炉
を備えた焼成装置により実施することができるが、その
装置の１例についての構造説明図を図１に示す。図１に
おいて、１は第１焼成炉、７は第２焼成炉、１１はロー
タリークーラを示す。第１焼成炉及び第２焼成炉はいず
れもロータリーキルン型のもので、その焼成物排出側に
向かってやや下降傾斜している。また、ロータリークー
ラも排出側に向かってやや下降傾斜している。第１焼成
炉１は、その先端がロータリーキルン供給側フード２の
側壁開口に挿入されている。また、３は原料落下シュー
トであり、このものはフード２内を貫通し、その先端は
第１焼成炉１の先端開口内に位置する。４はロータリー
キルン排出側フードであり、このフードの上部側壁には
ロータリーキルン１の後端が挿入されている。６は第１
焼成炉のバーナを示す。７は第２の焼成炉であり、その
先端はフード４の下部側壁開口に挿入されている。５は
第１焼成炉１からの焼成物を第２焼成炉７の先端開口内
に供給するための落下シュートであり、その先端は第２
焼成炉７の先端開口内に位置する。また、ロータリーキ
ルン排出側フード４内の落下シュート５には、鉄分を含
む未発色状態の破砕物を供給するための供給装置１８の
落下シュート１９が連結されているが、このものは必要
に応じ省略することができる。８は排出側フードであ
り、その側壁開口内には第２焼成炉の後端が挿入されて
いる。このフード８の底部には焼成物の落下シュート９
が連結され、その先端は、ロータリークーラ１１の後端
開口内に位置する。１０は第２燃焼炉のバーナを示す。
ロータリークーラ１１の後端は供給側フード１２の側壁
開口に挿入され、その先端は排出側フード１３の側壁開
口内に挿入されている。ロータリークーラ１１の上方に
は、散水機構１４が付設され、この散水機構１４には、
冷却水配管１５が連結されている。一方、ロータリーク
ーラ１１の下方には、廃水ピット１６が付設され、この
ピット１６には排水管１７が連結されている。The method of the present invention can be carried out by a firing apparatus equipped with a first firing furnace and a second firing furnace. FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of an example of the apparatus. In FIG. 1, 1 is a first firing furnace, 7 is a second firing furnace, and 11 is a rotary cooler. Both the first firing furnace and the second firing furnace are of the rotary kiln type, and are slightly inclined downward toward the fired product discharge side. Also, the rotary cooler is also slightly inclined downward toward the discharge side. The tip of the first firing furnace 1 is inserted into the side wall opening of the rotary kiln supply side hood 2. Further, 3 is a raw material dropping chute, which penetrates the inside of the hood 2 and the tip thereof is located in the tip opening of the first baking furnace 1. A rotary kiln discharge side hood 4 has a rear end of the rotary kiln 1 inserted into an upper side wall of the hood. 6 is the first
The burner of a baking furnace is shown. Reference numeral 7 denotes a second firing furnace, the tip of which is inserted into the lower side wall opening of the hood 4. Reference numeral 5 is a drop chute for supplying the fired product from the first firing furnace 1 into the tip opening of the second firing furnace 7, the tip of which is the second
It is located in the opening at the tip of the firing furnace 7. Further, the drop chute 5 of the hood 4 on the discharge side of the rotary kiln is connected to a drop chute 19 of a supply device 18 for supplying the uncolored crushed material containing iron, which is omitted if necessary. can do. 8 is a discharge side hood, and the rear end of the second firing furnace is inserted into the side wall opening thereof. At the bottom of this hood 8, there is a fall chute 9 for the burned material.
Are connected, and the front end is located in the rear end opening of the rotary cooler 11. Reference numeral 10 indicates a burner of the second combustion furnace.
The rear end of the rotary cooler 11 is inserted into the side wall opening of the supply side hood 12, and the tip thereof is inserted into the side wall opening of the discharge side hood 13. A watering mechanism 14 is attached above the rotary cooler 11, and the watering mechanism 14 includes:
The cooling water pipe 15 is connected. On the other hand, a drainage pit 16 is attached below the rotary cooler 11, and a drain pipe 17 is connected to the pit 16.
【００１５】図１に示した装置を用いて軽量セラミック
ス体を製造するには、原料である無機粉体成形物と融着
防止剤とをシュート３を介して第１焼成炉１の先端開口
内に供給し、第１焼成炉内を後方（右側）に移動させな
がら第１焼成する。この第１焼成に必要な熱量は、その
先端が第１焼成炉の後端開口内に位置するバーナ６によ
る燃料の燃焼熱によって供給される。第１燃焼炉の焼成
物は、これをシュート５を介して第２焼成炉７の先端開
口内に供給し、第２焼成炉内を後方（右側）に移動させ
ながら第２焼成する。この第２焼成に必要な熱量は、そ
の先端がフード８内に位置するバーナ１０による燃料の
燃焼熱によって供給される。In order to manufacture a lightweight ceramic body using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the raw material inorganic powder molded product and the anti-fusing agent are introduced through the chute 3 into the opening of the tip of the first firing furnace 1. And the first firing is performed while moving the inside of the first firing furnace to the rear (right side). The amount of heat required for the first firing is supplied by the heat of combustion of fuel by the burner 6 whose tip is located in the rear end opening of the first firing furnace. The burned material of the first combustion furnace is supplied to the inside of the tip opening of the second baking furnace 7 through the chute 5, and is second baked while moving inside the second baking furnace rearward (right side). The amount of heat required for this second firing is supplied by the combustion heat of the fuel by the burner 10 whose tip is located inside the hood 8.
【００１６】第２燃焼炉７内には、焼成物の滞留時間を
調節し、焼成物が十分にバーナ１０からの酸化燃焼ガス
と接触するように、その炉内周壁に、送り羽根と、戻し
羽根を交互に配設するのが好ましい。この場合の送り羽
根は、炉の回転により、焼成物を炉の先端方向（右側）
に進行させる作用を示すもので、戻し羽根は、試の回転
により、焼成物の一部を炉の後端方向（左側）に進行さ
せる事用を示すものである。炉の長手方向における送り
羽根と戻し羽根との間の間隔は５０〜１２０ｃｍの範囲
に規定するのが好ましい。これらの送り羽根及び戻し羽
根を炉熱周壁に付設する場合、炉先端及び炉後端に近接
する位置には送り羽根を配設するのが好ましい。また、
炉内周壁面に、炉の長手方向に沿って送り羽根と戻し羽
根を交互に付設する場合、その炉の長手方向の特定位置
に付設する送り羽根又は戻し羽根は、その特定位置を編
む炉内円周に対して、等間隔に４〜１２個付設するのが
好ましい。In the second combustion furnace 7, the residence time of the burned material is adjusted so that the burned material is sufficiently in contact with the oxidizing combustion gas from the burner 10, the inner wall of the furnace is provided with a feed blade and a return blade. It is preferable to arrange the blades alternately. In this case, the feed blade moves the burned material in the direction of the tip of the furnace (right side) by rotating the furnace.
The return vane has a function of advancing a part of the fired product in the rear end direction (left side) of the furnace by the rotation of the trial. The distance between the feed vane and the return vane in the longitudinal direction of the furnace is preferably defined in the range of 50 to 120 cm. When these feed vanes and return vanes are attached to the furnace peripheral wall, it is preferable to arrange the feed vanes at positions close to the furnace front end and the furnace rear end. Also,
When the feed blades and the return blades are alternately attached to the inner peripheral wall of the furnace along the longitudinal direction of the furnace, the feed blades or the return blades attached to the specific positions in the longitudinal direction of the furnace are It is preferable to attach 4 to 12 pieces at equal intervals to the circumference.
【００１７】図２に送り羽根及び戻し羽根を炉内周壁面
に付設した説明状壁図を示す。図２において、２１は炉
内周壁面を示し、２２は送り羽根を示し、２３は戻し羽
根を示す。矢印は焼成物の進行方向を示す。図２におい
て炉が回転すると、その炉の回転とともに、送り羽根２
２及び戻し羽根２３も回転する。送り羽根２２には焼成
物を矢印方向に押し進める傾斜角が形成されているの
で、焼成物は、その炉の回転とともに矢印方向に押し進
められる。一方、戻し羽根２３には、焼成物を矢印方向
とは反対の方向に押し戻す傾斜角が形成されているの
で、矢印方向に進行する焼成物の一部が矢印方向とは送
吟向に押し戻される。このようにして、炉内焼成物は全
体としては矢印方向に進行するが、その進行速度、控言
すれば焼成物の炉内滞留時間は、それらの送り羽根及び
戻し羽根により調節される。進行速度を遅くするには、
戻し羽根の数及び傾斜角を大きくすればよい。FIG. 2 shows an explanatory wall diagram in which the feed vanes and the return vanes are attached to the inner wall surface of the furnace. In FIG. 2, 21 indicates a furnace inner peripheral wall surface, 22 indicates a feed blade, and 23 indicates a return blade. The arrow indicates the traveling direction of the fired product. When the furnace is rotated in FIG. 2, the feed blade 2 is rotated along with the rotation of the furnace.
2 and the return blade 23 also rotate. Since the feed blade 22 is formed with an inclination angle for pushing the fired product in the arrow direction, the fired product is pushed in the arrow direction as the furnace rotates. On the other hand, since the return blade 23 has an inclination angle for pushing back the fired product in the direction opposite to the arrow direction, part of the fired product advancing in the arrow direction is pushed back in the direction of the arrow. . In this way, the fired product in the furnace progresses in the direction of the arrow as a whole, but the speed of its advancement, in other words, the residence time of the fired product in the furnace, is adjusted by these feed blades and return blades. To slow down the speed
The number of return vanes and the inclination angle may be increased.
【００１８】第２焼成炉７で生成した燃焼ガスは、第２
焼成炉７の先端から排出され、フード４を介して第１焼
成炉１内に入り、ここから、第１焼成炉内で生成した燃
焼ガスとともに、フード２に入り、その頂部開口から排
出される。第１焼成炉１及び第２焼成炉７内のガス雰囲
気中の酸素濃度は、バーナ６及びバーナ１０における空
気（酸素）／燃料比等により調節される。The combustion gas generated in the second firing furnace 7 is the second
The gas is discharged from the tip of the baking furnace 7, enters the first baking furnace 1 through the hood 4, enters the hood 2 together with the combustion gas generated in the first baking furnace, and is discharged from the top opening of the hood 2. . The oxygen concentration in the gas atmosphere in the first firing furnace 1 and the second firing furnace 7 is adjusted by the air (oxygen) / fuel ratio in the burners 6 and 10.
【００１９】第２焼成炉７で得られた焼成物は、これを
落下シュート９を介してロータリークーラ１１の先端開
口内に供給し、これを後方（左側）に移動させながら冷
却する。この冷却のためには、冷却水をその配管１５を
通して散水機構１４に導入し、ここからシャワー状でロ
ータリークーラの外側壁面に散水させる。冷却廃水は、
ピット１６内に捕集し、ここから配管１７を通って排水
する。The fired product obtained in the second firing furnace 7 is supplied to the inside of the tip opening of the rotary cooler 11 via the drop chute 9 and cooled while moving it to the rear (left side). For this cooling, cooling water is introduced into the water sprinkling mechanism 14 through the pipe 15 and is sprinkled from here on the outer wall surface of the rotary cooler in the form of a shower. Cooling wastewater
It collects in the pit 16 and drains from here through the pipe 17.
【００２０】ロータリークーラ１１の後端部からは、２
０〜３０℃程度に冷却された焼成物が、そのフード１３
の底部開口を介して排出されるが、この焼成物は、これ
をふるい分離して微細な融着防止剤を除去する。このよ
うにして色彩の良好な軽量セラミックス体を得ることが
できる。From the rear end of the rotary cooler 11, 2
The fired product cooled to about 0 to 30 ° C. is the hood 13.
The fired product is separated by sieving to remove the fine anti-fusing agent. In this way, a lightweight ceramic body having a good color can be obtained.
【００２１】図１の装置において、破砕物と未破砕物と
の混合物を製品として得る場合には、外部から、少なく
とも３重量％の鉄分を含む未発色状態の破砕物を、供給
装置１８の落下シュート１９を介して、第１焼成物の落
下シュート５内に供給し、第１焼成炉からの焼成物とと
もに、第２焼成炉７に導入すればよい。In the apparatus of FIG. 1, when a mixture of a crushed material and an uncrushed material is obtained as a product, an uncolored crushed material containing at least 3% by weight of iron is dropped from a supply device 18 from the outside. It suffices that the first fired product is supplied into the falling chute 5 through the chute 19 and introduced into the second firing furnace 7 together with the fired product from the first firing furnace.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、見掛比重が１以下、通
常、０．４〜０．８で、寸法が２〜２０ｍｍ程度の色彩
の良好な軽量セラミックス体を製造することができる。
この軽量セラミックス体の吸水率は、通常、８〜１２％
程度であるが、これを破砕して得られる破砕物の吸水率
は、３０〜３５％程度である。従って、未破砕物に破砕
物を混合することにより、製品全体の吸水率を向上させ
ることができる。このような高吸水率の製品は、植物を
栽培するための人工培土として好適のものである。ま
た、本発明により得られる色彩の良好な軽量セラミック
ス体は、コンクリート用の人工軽量骨材等としても利用
することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a lightweight ceramic body having an apparent specific gravity of 1 or less, usually 0.4 to 0.8, and a size of 2 to 20 mm and having a good color.
The water absorption of this lightweight ceramic body is usually 8-12%.
The water absorption rate of the crushed product obtained by crushing this is about 30 to 35%. Therefore, by mixing the uncrushed material with the crushed material, the water absorption rate of the entire product can be improved. Such a product having a high water absorption rate is suitable as an artificial soil for growing plants. Further, the light-colored ceramics body with good color obtained by the present invention can be utilized as an artificial light-weight aggregate for concrete and the like.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例】次に本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明
する。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
【００２４】実施例１ 膨張頁岩粉体を用いてあらかじめ製造したコンクリート
用軽量骨材を原料として用いた。この軽量骨材は、Ｌ*
ａ*ｂ*表色系（ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７２９）において色相角度
（Ｈ°）９１．３°、明度（Ｌ*）４１．２、彩度
（Ｃ*）５．４の灰色の色を有し、見掛比重０．７及び
吸水率１２．６％を有し、その平均寸法は約１２．５ｍ
ｍである。また、この軽量骨材は、鉄分を、金属鉄換算
で４．５重量％含有するものである。前記軽量骨材の一
部を破砕機として、ローラークラッシャーを用いて破砕
した。この破砕物の寸法は、約２〜１０ｍｍである。前
記軽量骨材の未破砕物５０重量部とその破砕物５０重量
部を混合し、この混合物を焼成炉としてロータリーキル
ンを用い、炉内温度：９００〜１０００℃、炉内雰囲気
中の酸素濃度：８〜９％、焼成時間：３０〜３５分、焼
成処理量：５００ｋｇ／ｈの条件で焼成処理した。この
ようにして得られた焼成物は、Ｈ°＝５３．１°、Ｌ*
＝４４．８及びＣ*＝１４．３となり、色相は赤に３
８．２°傾き、明度が３．６ポイント、彩度が８．９ポ
イント増加し、色調も明るくなり、良好な色彩のものと
なった。また、このものは見掛比重０．７を有し、その
吸水率は２５．４％であった。なお、前記吸水率は、製
品を水中に２４時間浸漬した後、これを１１０℃で２４
時間乾燥したものに含まれる水分量の割合（重量％）を
示す。Example 1 A lightweight aggregate for concrete prepared in advance using expanded shale powder was used as a raw material. This lightweight aggregate is L *
a * b * color system (JIS Z 8729) having a hue angle (H °) of 91.3 °, a lightness (L * ) of 41.2, and a saturation (C * ) of 5.4. It has an apparent specific gravity of 0.7 and a water absorption rate of 12.6%, and its average size is about 12.5 m.
m. The lightweight aggregate contains iron in an amount of 4.5% by weight in terms of metallic iron. A part of the lightweight aggregate was crushed using a roller crusher as a crusher. The size of this crushed material is about 2-10 mm. 50 parts by weight of the uncrushed material of the lightweight aggregate and 50 parts by weight of the crushed material are mixed, and this mixture is used in a rotary kiln as a firing furnace, the furnace temperature: 900 to 1000 ° C., the oxygen concentration in the furnace atmosphere: 8 .About.9%, firing time: 30 to 35 minutes, firing treatment amount: 500 kg / h. The fired product obtained in this way has H ° = 53.1 °, L *
= 44.8 and C * = 14.3, and the hue is 3 in red.
The inclination was 8.2 °, the brightness was increased by 3.6 points, the saturation was increased by 8.9 points, the color tone was also brightened, and the color was good. Further, this product had an apparent specific gravity of 0.7 and its water absorption rate was 25.4%. The water absorption is 24 hours at 110 ° C after the product is immersed in water for 24 hours.
The ratio (% by weight) of the water content contained in the one dried for an hour is shown.
【００２５】実施例２ 膨張性頁岩粉末（鉄分：４．５重量％）１００重量部に
成形助剤として水１５重量部及び発泡助剤として炭素粉
１．５重量部を加えて混練し、この混練物をペレタイザ
ーで粒径約１０ｍｍのペレットに成形した。このペレッ
トを電気炉を用いて、炉内温度：約１１８０℃、炉内雰
囲気中の酸素濃度：４〜５％、焼成時間：約５０分の条
件で焼成した後、引続き、炉内温度：約９８０℃、炉内
雰囲気中の酸素濃度：８〜９％、焼成時間：約３５分の
条件で焼成した。このようにして、Ｈ°＝４９．３°、
Ｌ*＝３９．１及びＣ*＝１８．３のあざやかな黄赤〜赤
系の色彩の良好な軽量セラミックス体を得た。このもの
の平均粒径は約１０．５ｍｍであり、見掛比重は０．６
５であり、その吸水率は１３．２重量％であった。次
に、前記のようにして得た製品の一部を破砕した。この
破砕物５０重量部を未破砕物５０重量部に混合した。こ
の混合物の吸水率は２６．１％であった。Example 2 To 100 parts by weight of expandable shale powder (iron content: 4.5% by weight), 15 parts by weight of water as a molding aid and 1.5 parts by weight of carbon powder as a foaming aid were added and kneaded. The kneaded product was formed into pellets having a particle size of about 10 mm with a pelletizer. Using an electric furnace, the pellets were fired under the conditions of a furnace temperature: about 1180 ° C., an oxygen concentration in the furnace atmosphere: 4 to 5%, a firing time: about 50 minutes, and then a furnace temperature: about Firing was performed under the conditions of 980 ° C., oxygen concentration in furnace atmosphere: 8 to 9%, firing time: about 35 minutes. In this way, H ° = 49.3 °,
A light weight ceramic body having a vivid yellow-red to reddish color with L * = 39.1 and C * = 18.3 was obtained. This product has an average particle size of about 10.5 mm and an apparent specific gravity of 0.6.
It was 5, and the water absorption was 13.2% by weight. Next, a part of the product obtained as described above was crushed. 50 parts by weight of this crushed material was mixed with 50 parts by weight of uncrushed material. The water absorption of this mixture was 26.1%.
【図１】本発明の軽量セラミックス体製造装置の構造説
明図を示す。FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of a lightweight ceramic body manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
【図２】送り羽根及び戻し羽根を炉内周壁面に付設した
場合の説明状態図を示す。FIG. 2 is an explanatory state diagram when a feed blade and a return blade are attached to the inner peripheral wall surface of the furnace.
１ 第１焼成炉 ７ 第２焼成炉 １１ ロータリークーラ ６、１０ 燃料用バーナ ２１ 焼成炉内壁 ２２ 送り羽根 ２３ 戻し羽根 1 1st baking furnace 7 2nd baking furnace 11 Rotary cooler 6, 10 Fuel burner 21 Baking furnace inner wall 22 Feed blade 23 Return blade
Claims (6)
ラミックス体を、酸素濃度が８〜１０容量％の酸素含有
ガス雰囲気下で９００〜１０００℃の温度で焼成するこ
とを特徴とする色彩の良好な超軽量セラミックス体の製
造方法。1. A light-colored ceramic body containing at least 3% by weight of iron is fired at a temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C. in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume. Of manufacturing a super lightweight ceramic body.
無機粉体成形物を、酸素濃度が５容量％以下の雰囲気下
で１０００〜１２００℃の温度に焼成する第１焼成工程
と、第１焼成工程で得られた軽量セラミックス体を、酸
素濃度が８〜１０容量％の含酸素ガス雰囲気下で９００
〜１０００℃の温度で焼成する第２焼成工程からなる色
彩の良好な軽量セラミックス体の製造方法。2. A first firing step of firing an expandable inorganic powder molded article containing at least 3% by weight of iron at a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ° C. in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5% by volume or less; The lightweight ceramic body obtained in the firing step was subjected to 900 in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume.
A method for producing a lightweight ceramic body with good color, which comprises a second firing step of firing at a temperature of up to 1000 ° C.
ラミックス体の未破砕物とその破砕物との混合物を、酸
素濃度が８〜１０容量％の含酸素ガス雰囲気下で９００
〜１０００℃の温度で焼成することを特徴とする色彩の
良好な未破砕状軽量セラミックス体と色彩の良好な破砕
状軽量セラミックス体との混合物の製造方法。3. A mixture of an uncrushed lightweight ceramics body containing at least 3% by weight of iron and the crushed material in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume.
A method for producing a mixture of an uncrushed lightweight ceramic body having a good color and a crushed lightweight ceramic body having a good color, which is characterized by firing at a temperature of 1000 ° C.
無機粉体成形物を、酸素濃度が５容量％以下の雰囲気下
で１０００〜１２００℃の温度に焼成する第１焼成炉
と、第１焼成炉で得られた軽量セラミックス体を、酸素
濃度が８〜１０容量％の含酸素ガス雰囲気下で９００〜
１０００℃の温度で焼成する第２焼成炉を備えたことを
特徴とする色彩の良好な軽量セラミックス体の製造装
置。4. A first firing furnace for firing an expandable inorganic powder molding containing at least 3% by weight of iron at a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ° C. in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5% by volume or less, and a first firing furnace. The light weight ceramics body obtained in the firing furnace was heated to 900 to 900 in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 8 to 10% by volume.
An apparatus for producing a lightweight ceramic body with good color, comprising a second firing furnace for firing at a temperature of 1000 ° C.
軽量セラミックス体と、その軽量セラミックス体の破砕
物との混合物からなる植栽用人工培土。5. An artificial cultivating soil for planting, which comprises a mixture of the lightweight ceramic body of good color obtained in claim 1 or 2, and a crushed product of the lightweight ceramic body.
状軽量セラミックス体と色彩の良好な破砕状軽量セラミ
ックス体との混合物からなる植栽用人工培土。6. An artificial cultivating soil for planting, comprising a mixture of the uncrushed lightweight ceramics body having good color obtained in claim 3 and the crushed lightweight ceramics body having good color.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7328191A JPH09142951A (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Method and device for production of lightweight ceramic body with good color, and artificial cultivation soil for planting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7328191A JPH09142951A (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Method and device for production of lightweight ceramic body with good color, and artificial cultivation soil for planting |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09142951A true JPH09142951A (en) | 1997-06-03 |
Family
ID=18207486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7328191A Pending JPH09142951A (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Method and device for production of lightweight ceramic body with good color, and artificial cultivation soil for planting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09142951A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002142556A (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-21 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Method for producing porous ceramic for planting |
| CN112772284A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-11 | 河南科技学院 | Agaricus bisporus casing material and preparation method thereof |
-
1995
- 1995-11-22 JP JP7328191A patent/JPH09142951A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002142556A (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-21 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Method for producing porous ceramic for planting |
| CN112772284A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-11 | 河南科技学院 | Agaricus bisporus casing material and preparation method thereof |
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