JPH09137774A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor capable of preventing gas leakage between an intake valve forming plate and a valve plate and restraining generation of intake pulsation. SOLUTION: An intake valve forming plate 33 and a valve plate 13 are connected and arranged on an end surface of a cylinder block 11, and an intake valve 34 is formed so as to correspond with each cylinder bore 20 on the intake valve forming plate 33. A gasket 38 is interposed between the valve plate 13 and the intake valve forming plate 33. At the time of compression of gas, an intake hole 31 is closed as the intake valve 34 is connected to a margin of the intake hole 31 of the valve plate 13 through a through hole 39 formed on the gasket 38. At the time of intake of gas, the intake valve 34 opens the intake hole 31 by separating from the margin of the intake hole 31 of the valve plate 13 under interposition of the gasket 38.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compressor, and more particularly to a seal structure for a suction valve portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a reciprocating piston type compressor, a plurality of cylinder bores are formed in a cylinder block, and a piston is reciprocally housed in each cylinder bore. A valve plate is joined to the end surface of the cylinder block, and an intake valve and a discharge valve are provided on both sides of the valve plate so as to correspond to the cylinder bore.
Then, as the piston reciprocates, the suction valve and the discharge valve are opened and closed to suck, compress and discharge the refrigerant gas.

As a conventional seal structure in this type of compressor, for example, a structure as shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 56-88974 is known. In this conventional structure, a gasket is interposed between the intake valve forming plate having the intake valve and the cylinder block, and the cylinder bores are sealed by this gasket. A bulge is formed near the outer peripheral edge of the gasket toward the valve plate side, or a seal ring is interposed between the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate. The space between them is sealed at the outer peripheral edge.

[0004]

However, in this conventional seal structure, the gasket is interposed between the intake valve forming plate and the cylinder block. Normally, the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate are made of ferrous metal. Therefore, the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate are in a state of contact between ferrous similar metals. Therefore, gas leakage easily occurs between the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate,
There is a problem that the sealability between the cylinder bores is reduced. By the way, in most cases the cylinder block
Since it is formed of an aluminum-based metal such as an aluminum alloy, it is well compatible with iron-based metals, and the problem of leakage between the cylinder block and other iron-based metal members does not occur.

Further, in this conventional seal structure,
Since the suction valve is brought into close contact with the periphery of the suction hole of the valve plate, it is difficult to open the suction valve at the time of sucking the refrigerant gas, and the suction valve may open instantly at the end of the suction stroke. Therefore, there is also a problem that large inhalation pulsation is likely to occur.

Further, like this conventional seal structure,
When the seal ring is provided between the outer peripheral edges of the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate, it is necessary to form an annular groove for accommodating the seal ring in the valve plate. Therefore, there is a problem that the structure is complicated, the compressor becomes large, and the manufacturing cost becomes high.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. Its main purpose is to provide a compressor capable of preventing gas leakage between the intake valve and the valve plate and reliably sealing between the cylinder bores.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a compressor capable of suppressing the occurrence of suction pulsation by allowing the suction valve to be easily opened without adhering to the valve plate when sucking the refrigerant gas. To provide.

Another object of the present invention is that it is not necessary to provide a seal ring between the outer peripheral edges of the intake valve and the valve plate, the structure is simple, the compressor can be made compact, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. It is to provide a compressor that can be reduced.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention of the compressor according to claim 1, a gasket is interposed between the valve plate and the periphery of the intake valve.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the compressor according to the first aspect, the suction valve is formed on a suction valve forming plate disposed on a side surface of the valve plate, and the gasket is formed on the suction valve forming plate and the valve. It is interposed between the plate and the plate.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the compressor according to the first or second aspect, the gasket has a contact surface within a range in which the gasket can face the suction valve forming plate.

According to the invention described in claim 4, claims 1 to 3
In the compressor according to any one of items 1 to 3, the gasket is formed with a through hole that substantially coincides with an opening edge of the cylinder bore.

According to the invention described in claim 5, claims 1 to 4 are provided.
In the compressor according to any one of items 1 to 3, the gasket is composed of a substrate having rigidity and elastic layers having sealing properties coated on both side surfaces thereof.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the second to fifth aspects are provided.
In the compressor according to any one of items 1 to 3, the cylinder block is made of an aluminum-based metal, and the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate are made of an iron-based metal.

Therefore, in the compressor constructed as described above, when the piston is reciprocated, the suction valve and the discharge valve are opened and closed to suck, compress and discharge the refrigerant gas. At this time, since a gasket is interposed between the valve plate and the periphery of the intake valve, it is possible to prevent gas leakage between the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate, and to prevent gas leakage between the cylinder bores. Can be reliably sealed.

Further, when the refrigerant gas is compressed, the suction valve is elastically deformed by the gas pressure, and is joined to the periphery of the suction hole of the valve plate through the through hole of the gasket to close the suction hole. At the time of sucking the refrigerant gas, since the gasket is interposed between the periphery of the suction valve and the valve plate, the suction valve does not come into close contact with the periphery of the suction hole of the valve plate due to its own elastic force. Is easily separated from and the suction hole is opened. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of suction pulsation.

Further, in this compressor, a gasket is used to seal between the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate, which are usually made of ferrous metal. on the other hand,
Between the intake valve forming plate made of iron-based metal and the cylinder block made of aluminum-based metal,
They are well compatible with each other and ensure the sealing property. For this reason,
Since it is not necessary to provide a seal ring between the outer peripheral edges of the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate and between the outer peripheral edges of the intake valve forming plate and the cylinder block, the structure is simple and the compressor can be downsized. At the same time, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(First Embodiment) Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pair of cylinder blocks 11 constituting the main housing are joined to each other at their opposite edges. The front housing 12
The cylinder block 11 is joined to the front end face via a valve plate 13 made of an iron-based metal. The rear housing 14 is joined to the rear end face of the cylinder block 11 via the valve plate 13. The cylinder block 11, the front housing 12, and the rear housing 14 are formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

A plurality of through bolts 15 are screwed into the screw holes 16 of the rear housing 14 from the front housing 12 through both cylinder blocks 11 and the valve plate 13. Then, the front housing 12 and the rear housing 14 are
Are fastened and fixed to both end surfaces of the cylinder block 11.

The drive shaft 17 is rotatably supported at the center of the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 12 via a pair of radial bearings 18. A lip seal 19 is interposed between the outer periphery of the front end of the drive shaft 17 and the front housing 12. The drive shaft 17 is operatively connected to an external drive source such as a vehicle engine (not shown), and is driven to rotate by the external drive source.

A plurality of cylinder bores 20 extend in parallel with the drive shaft 17 so that each cylinder block 1
1 are formed so as to penetrate between the two end portions on the same circumference at predetermined intervals. The double-headed piston 21 is provided with each cylinder bore 2
0 between the two end faces and the valve plate 13 between the cylinder bores 20.
A compression chamber 22 is formed therein.

The crank chamber 23 is defined in the middle of the cylinder blocks 11. The swash plate 24
The crankshaft 23 is fitted and fixed to the drive shaft 17, and its outer peripheral portion is moored to an intermediate portion of the piston 21 via a pair of hemispherical shoes 25. When the drive shaft 17 is rotated, the piston 21 reciprocates through the swash plate 24. A pair of thrust bearings 26 are provided on both end surfaces of the swash plate 24 and each cylinder block 11.
Between the inner end face of the thrust bearing 2
The swash plate 24 is sandwiched and held between the two cylinder blocks 11 via 6.

The suction chamber 27 corresponds to the front housing 1
2 and the outer periphery of the rear housing 14 are annularly defined and connected to an external refrigerant circuit via a suction port (not shown). The discharge chamber 28 is formed in an annular shape in the inner peripheral portions of the front housing 12 and the rear housing 14, and is connected to an external refrigerant circuit via a discharge muffler and a discharge port (not shown).

The suction valve mechanism 29 is formed on each of the valve plates 13 and, as the piston 21 reciprocates,
By this suction valve mechanism 29, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the compression chamber 22 of each cylinder bore 20 from both suction chambers 27. The discharge valve mechanism 30 is formed on each valve plate 13, and the reciprocating motion of the piston 21 causes the discharge valve mechanism 30 to move.
As a result, the refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 22 of each cylinder bore 20 is discharged into both discharge chambers 28.

The structures of the suction valve mechanism 29 and the discharge valve mechanism 30 will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, both valve plates 13 are made of an iron-based metal plate, and a suction hole 31 is formed in a portion corresponding to each cylinder bore 20.
And the discharge hole 32 is formed. The intake valve forming plate 33 made of an iron-based metal plate is disposed on the side surfaces of both valve plates 13 on the cylinder block 11 side, and an intake valve 34 is formed in a portion facing each intake hole 31.

Discharge valve forming plate 35 made of an iron-based metal plate
Is the cylinder block 11 of both valve plates 13.
A discharge valve 36 is formed on the side surface on the opposite side to the discharge hole 36, and the discharge valve 36 is formed at a portion facing each discharge hole 32. The retainer plate 37 includes the discharge valve forming plate 35 and the front housing 1.
2 and the rear housing 14, respectively.
Retainers 37a corresponding to the respective discharge valves 36 are formed on them. With this retainer 37a, the discharge valve 36
The open position of is regulated.

The valve plate 13, the suction valve forming plate 33, the discharge valve forming plate 35 and the retainer plate 37 are
Cylinder block 1 by tightening the through bolt 15
1 and the front housing 12 and the rear housing 14 are sandwiched in a stacked state.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the gasket 38
Are sandwiched between the valve plate 13 and the suction valve forming plate 33, respectively. The gasket 38 is composed of a rigid substrate 38a made of an iron-based metal plate and elastic layers 38b having a sealing property such as rubber coated on both side surfaces of the substrate 38a. Also,
A contact surface 38c is provided on a side surface of the gasket 38 facing the suction plate forming plate 33 within a range where the suction valve forming plate 33 can be face-to-face contact with each other, in other words, a contact surface 38c so as not to protrude from an end edge of the suction valve forming plate 33. Has been formed.

A plurality of through holes 39 are provided in each cylinder bore 2 described above.
The gasket 38 is formed so as to substantially coincide with the opening edge of 0. Then, the intake valves 34 are joined to the periphery of the intake holes 31 on the valve plate 13 through the through holes 39. The plurality of insertion holes 40 are formed in the gasket 38 for inserting the through bolts 15.

A center hole 41 for inserting the drive shaft 17 is formed at the center of the gasket 38 interposed between the front valve plate 13 and the intake valve forming plate 33.

Next, the operation of the compressor configured as described above will be described. In this compressor, when the drive shaft 17 is rotated by an external drive source such as a vehicle engine (not shown), each piston 21 is moved through the swash plate 24.
Are reciprocated in the cylinder bore 20. As a result, the refrigerant gas flows from both suction chambers 27 into the suction hole 31 of the suction valve mechanism 29.
Is sucked into the compression chamber 22 of each cylinder bore 20 and is compressed in the compression chamber 22. Further, the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged from the compression chamber 22 of each cylinder bore 20 to both discharge chambers 28 through the discharge holes 32 of the discharge valve mechanism 30.

At this time, a gasket 38 is interposed between each valve plate 13 and the suction valve forming plate 33. For this reason, it is possible to prevent gas leakage between the intake valve 34 and the valve plate 13, and to reliably seal between the cylinder bores 20.

When the refrigerant gas is compressed, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the suction valve 34 is deformed by its gas pressure in the cylinder bore 20 against its own elasticity and passes through the through hole 39 of the gasket 38. The valve plate 13 is joined to the periphery of the suction hole 31 to close the suction hole 31. Therefore, in this state, since the base end side of the intake valve 34 is lifted up by the elastic force with respect to the valve plate 13, the intake valve 34 is provided in the through hole 39 of the gasket 38.
A gap 42 is formed between the base end of the valve plate 13 and the valve plate 13.

Therefore, at the time of sucking the refrigerant gas, even if the front end side of the suction valve 34 is in close contact with the peripheral edge of the suction hole 31, as shown by the chain line in FIG. The intake hole 31 of the valve plate 13 is easily separated from the peripheral edge of the intake hole 31, and the intake hole 31 is smoothly opened. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of large suction pulsation when the refrigerant gas is sucked.

The effects that can be expected from the above embodiment will be described below. (A) In this compressor, a gasket 38 seals between the intake valve forming plate 33 and the valve plate 13, both of which are made of iron-based metal. on the other hand,
A space between the intake valve forming plate 33 and the cylinder block 11 is sealed by the contact of different metals of iron type and aluminum type which are well compatible with each other. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a seal ring between the outer peripheral edges of the intake valve forming plate 33 and the valve plate 13 and between the outer peripheral edges of the intake valve forming plate 33 and the cylinder block 11. Therefore, the seal structure is simple and the compressor can be downsized.
Manufacturing costs can be reduced.

(B) In this compressor, the gasket 38 is composed of a rigid metal plate substrate 38a and elastic layers 38b having a sealing property such as rubber coated on both side surfaces thereof. . Therefore, it is possible to have a strong durability against the opening / closing operation of the intake valve 34, and the intake valve forming plate 33 and the valve plate 13 can be provided.
It is possible to secure a sufficient sealing property between

(C) In this compressor, when the refrigerant gas is compressed, the suction port 31 is closed by the suction valve 34 while the base end side of the suction valve 34 is lifted by the elastic force with respect to the valve plate 13. Has been done. Therefore, at the time of sucking the refrigerant gas, even if the tip end side of the suction valve 34 is in close contact with the peripheral edge of the suction hole 31, the suction valve 34 is easily separated from the peripheral edge of the suction hole 31 of the valve plate 13 by its own elastic force. Then, the suction hole 31 is smoothly opened. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of large suction pulsation when the refrigerant gas is sucked.

(D) In this compressor, a contact surface 38c is formed on the side surface of the gasket 38 facing the intake valve forming plate 33 within a range in which the gasket 38 can make face-to-face contact with the intake valve forming plate 33. Therefore, the gasket 38 does not protrude from the end edge of the intake valve forming plate 33 and is not exposed in the compression chamber 22, and is not vibrated as the piston 21 reciprocates. Therefore, damage to the gasket 38 is prevented.

(E) In this compressor, the plurality of through holes 39 on the gasket 38 are formed in the cylinder bores 20.
Is formed so as to substantially coincide with the opening edge of the. For this reason, the structure of the gasket 38 becomes simpler and is more stably sandwiched.

(Second Embodiment) Next, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Now this second
In the embodiment, the through hole 39 is formed in the gasket 38 inside the opening edge of each cylinder bore 20 so as to substantially coincide with the notch hole 45 around each intake valve 34 formed in the intake valve forming plate 33. Has been done.

Therefore, also in this second embodiment,
The same effects as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 described above can be exhibited. The present invention can be modified and embodied as follows.

(1) Elastic layer 38b of gasket 38
To be formed by coating a synthetic resin such as a fluororesin. (2) Instead of the gasket 38 of each of the above-described embodiments, for example, a metal piece having a flat rectangular cross section and having elastic layers on both sides is surrounded by the suction valve forming plate 33 and the valve plate. Intervene with 13.

(3) The present invention is embodied in a wave cam plate type double-headed piston type compressor. (4) Embodying the present invention in a single-head piston compressor.

[0046]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. According to the invention,
Gas leakage can be prevented from occurring between the intake valve and the valve plate, and the cylinder bores can be reliably sealed.

Further, according to the present invention, at the time of sucking the refrigerant gas, the suction valve can be easily opened without coming into close contact with the valve plate, and the occurrence of suction pulsation can be suppressed.

Further, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to interpose a seal ring between the outer peripheral edges of the suction valve and the valve plate, the structure is simple and the compressor can be downsized, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. It can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a compressor according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing an intake valve mechanism of the compressor in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a gasket of a front intake valve mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of the gasket.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an operating state of the intake valve mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing an intake valve mechanism of a compressor of a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Cylinder block, 13 ... Valve plate, 20
... Cylinder bore, 21 ... Piston, 33 ... Suction valve forming plate, 34 ... Suction valve, 36 ... Discharge valve, 38 ... Gasket,
38a ... Substrate, 38b ... Elastic layer, 38c ... Contact surface, 39
... through holes.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tomohiro Wakita 2-chome Toyota-cho, Kariya city, Aichi stock company Toyota Industries Corporation (72) Inventor Hiroshi Sato 2-chome Toyota-cho, Kariya city, Aichi stock Company Toyota Loom Works

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A compression system in which a piston is reciprocally housed in a cylinder bore of a cylinder block, a valve plate is joined to an end surface of the cylinder block, and a suction valve is arranged on the valve plate so as to correspond to the cylinder bore. A compressor in which a gasket is interposed between the valve plate and the periphery of the intake valve. 2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the suction valve is formed on a suction valve forming plate disposed on a side surface of the valve plate, and the gasket is interposed between the suction valve forming plate and the valve plate. 3. The contact surface is formed on the gasket within a range in which the gasket can face the suction valve forming plate.
The compressor described in. 4. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the gasket has a through hole that substantially coincides with an opening edge of the cylinder bore. 5. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the gasket comprises a substrate having rigidity and elastic layers having sealing properties coated on both side surfaces thereof. 6. The compressor according to claim 2, wherein the cylinder block is made of an aluminum-based metal, and the intake valve forming plate and the valve plate are made of an iron-based metal.