JP2005030248A - Sealing device for compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure a sufficient sealed condition even by weak axial force in a sealing device for a compressor, formed to seal between metal members connected to each other by bolting by intervening a metal gasket. <P>SOLUTION: Two or more metal gaskets are stacked up, bulged parts deformable in a bulging direction are arranged on the surfaces of respective metal gaskets, and the confronted metal gaskets are so arranged that their bulged parts are confronted in an opposite direction. The metal gaskets are provided with positioning means to prevent the shifting of the confronted bulged parts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sealing device for a compressor in which metal members joined by bolting are sealed with a metal gasket interposed therebetween.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This type of sealing device includes a cylinder block in which a cylinder bore constituting a compressor is formed and a valve plate having a suction hole and a discharge hole corresponding to the cylinder bore, or between the valve plate and the cylinder head. It is considered that a gasket provided with a bulging portion is interposed at the peripheral portion and the gap between the valve plate and the cylinder head is sealed by the elasticity of the bulging portion by sandwiching the gasket (for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 2).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-88974 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-131186 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a configuration, between the metal members interposing the gasket is tightened in the axial direction with the fastening bolt, normally, by firmly shortening the interval between the adjacent fastening bolts, a strong tightening state is secured, It is possible to sufficiently crush the bulging portion of the gasket to ensure a good sealing state.
[0005]
However, even if it is intended to seal the suction / discharge port portion for sucking / discharging the working fluid and the suction / discharge cover attached to the suction / discharge port portion using the same gasket, the suction / discharge port portion is attached to the suction / discharge port portion. The suction / discharge cover, depending on the layout of the suction port and discharge port, requires that the spacing between the fastening bolts be wider than the spacing between the fastening bolts that fasten the cylinder head and the cylinder block, ensuring a sufficient sealing state. It was difficult. In particular, since the suction / discharge cover is formed in a plate shape, it is easily deformed by tightening the bolts, and the bolts are difficult to tighten depending on the layout of the suction and discharge ports, so the axial force of the bolts is weakened. It becomes difficult to ensure a predetermined sealing state.
[0006]
From this point of view, a configuration in which the space between the suction / discharge port portion and the suction / discharge cover is sealed through an O-ring is also used. However, when an O-ring is provided, the suction / discharge port portion, etc. In addition, a groove for installing an O-ring is required, and an operation for machining the groove is separately required. In addition, if such a groove is formed, the rigidity of the seal portion becomes insufficient. If the rigidity is to be ensured, there is a disadvantage that the joining width becomes wide and it is difficult to reduce the size.
[0007]
Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to provide a compressor sealing device that can solve the above-described disadvantages and can ensure a good sealing state between metal members even with a weak axial force.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a compressor sealing device according to the present invention relates to a device configured to seal between metal members joined by bolting with a metal gasket interposed therebetween, and a plurality of metal gaskets are provided. In addition to being arranged in layers, each metal gasket is provided with a bulge that can be deformed in the bulge direction, and the metal gaskets facing each other are arranged so that the bulges face each other in the opposite direction. (Claim 1).
[0009]
Therefore, even when the distance between the bolts connecting the metal members is wide, a plurality of metal gaskets interposed between the metal members are stacked with the bulging portions facing each other in the opposite direction. Therefore, even when the axial force of the bolt is small, it is possible to increase the amount of deformation in the clamping direction of the metal gasket, and it is possible to ensure a good sealing state between the metal members.
[0010]
In order to ensure a good sealing state, it is necessary to face each other without causing the bulging portions of the facing metal gaskets to shift, but in order to ensure such a state, the facing metal gaskets It is desirable to provide means for positioning so that the bulging portions facing each other do not deviate from each other (claim 2).
[0011]
Such a metal gasket includes a suction / discharge port portion in which a compressor has a suction port for sucking a working fluid from the outside and a discharge port for discharging the compressed working fluid to the outside, and the suction / discharge port. In the configuration including the suction / discharge cover assembled to the part, it is desirable to be interposed between the suction / discharge port part and the suction / discharge cover.
[0012]
The compressor is fixed to the cylinder block formed with a plurality of cylinder bores, a valve plate formed with a suction hole and a discharge hole corresponding to each cylinder bore, and the cylinder block via the valve plate, A cylinder head that defines a suction chamber that can communicate with the suction hole and a discharge chamber that can communicate with the discharge hole, a shaft that is rotatably provided to pass through the cylinder block, and the cylinder bore that accompanies the rotation of the shaft In the case of having a piston that reciprocates inside, the metal gasket is interposed between the cylinder block and the valve plate and at least one of the cylinder head and the valve plate. (Claim 4).
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a reciprocating compressor 1. The reciprocating compressor 1 is used in a refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant as a working fluid, and includes a front side cylinder block 2 and a front side cylinder block. 2, the rear cylinder block 3 assembled to the front side cylinder block 2, the front side cylinder block 5 assembled to the front side (left side in FIG. 1) via the valve plate 4, and the rear cylinder block 3 rear The rear side cylinder head 7 is assembled on the side (right side in FIG. 1) via the valve plate 6. The front side cylinder head 5, the front side cylinder block 2, the rear side cylinder block 3, and the rear side cylinder head 7 are made of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy, and are fastened in the axial direction by fastening bolts 8. And constitutes the housing of the entire compressor.
[0014]
Each cylinder block 2, 3 has a shaft support hole 10 that rotatably supports a shaft 9, which will be described later, a parallel to the shaft support hole 10, and a circumference around the shaft 9. A plurality of (five) cylinder bores 11 arranged at intervals, two discharge passages 12 provided in parallel to the cylinder bores 11, and a suction passage 13 through which a low-pressure working fluid flows are formed. Each discharge passage 12 communicates with a discharge passage 14 formed in the front side cylinder head 5 and a discharge chamber 14 formed in the rear side cylinder head 7, which will be described later, and communicates via a guide passage (not shown). Yes. Further, the one discharge passage 12 is connected to a discharge port 33 described later for discharging the working fluid to an external cycle through a passage (not shown). The suction passage 13 is connected to a swash plate storage chamber 21 described below, and this swash plate storage chamber 21 is connected to the suction chamber 17 of each cylinder head 5, 7 via a low pressure passage 18. A double-headed piston 19 is slidably inserted into each cylinder bore 11. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a bolt insertion hole that is provided between adjacent cylinder bores 11 and into which a fastening bolt is inserted.
[0015]
Inside the front cylinder block 2 and the rear cylinder block 3, there is formed a swash plate accommodation chamber 21 that is provided by assembling the respective cylinder blocks. The swash plate accommodation chamber 21 includes a front cylinder block. 2 and a shaft 9 that is inserted through a shaft support hole 10 formed in the rear cylinder block 3 and has one end projecting from the front cylinder head 5 to transmit power through a pulley (not shown). .
[0016]
A swash plate 22 that rotates integrally with the shaft 9 is fixed to the shaft 9 in the swash plate storage chamber 21. The swash plate 22 is rotatably supported with respect to the front side cylinder block 2 and the rear side cylinder block 3 via a thrust bearing 23, and via a hemispherical shoe 24 provided with a peripheral portion at the front and rear. It is moored in a shoe pocket 25 formed at the center of the double-headed piston 19. Therefore, when the shaft 9 rotates and the swash plate 22 rotates, the rotational motion is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the double-ended piston 19 via the shoe 24, and the reciprocating motion of the double-ended piston 19 causes the piston 19 in the cylinder bore 11. The volume of the compression chamber 26 formed between the valve plates 4 and 6 is changed.
[0017]
Each valve plate 4, 6 is formed with a suction hole 27 and a discharge hole 28 corresponding to each cylinder bore 11, and the front and rear cylinder heads 5, 7 are supplied to the compression chamber 26. A suction chamber 17 for storing the working fluid to be operated and a discharge chamber 14 for storing the working fluid discharged from the compression chamber 26 are provided.
[0018]
The suction chamber 17 receives the working fluid from the outside through a suction port 32 (described later) formed on the surface of the housing, and can communicate with the compression chamber 26 through a suction hole 27 formed in the valve plates 4 and 6. It has become. The suction hole 27 is opened and closed by a suction valve 29 provided on the cylinder block side end surface of the valve plates 4 and 6.
[0019]
The discharge chamber 14 is continuously formed around the suction chamber 17 and communicates with the outside via a discharge port 33 formed on the surface of the housing. The discharge holes are formed in the valve plates 4 and 6. It is possible to communicate with the compression chamber 26 via 28. The discharge hole 28 is opened and closed by a discharge valve 30 provided on the cylinder head side end surface of the valve plates 4 and 6.
[0020]
Therefore, in the suction stroke in which the volume of the compression chamber 26 increases as the piston 19 reciprocates, the working fluid introduced from the suction port 32 into the suction chamber 17 enters the compression chamber 26 via the suction hole 27 and the suction valve 29. In the compression stroke in which the volume of the compression chamber 26 is sucked and the volume is reduced, the working fluid compressed in the compression chamber 26 is discharged to the discharge chamber 14 through the discharge hole 28 and the discharge valve 30 and is discharged from the discharge port 33 to the outside. Pumped.
[0021]
The suction port 32 and the discharge port 33 described above are formed in the suction / discharge port portion 31 bulging and formed on the surface of the rear cylinder block 3, and as shown in FIG. The discharge port 33 is provided adjacent to the circumferential direction of the rear cylinder block 3. The peripheral edge portion of the suction port 32 and the peripheral edge portion of the discharge port 33 of the suction / discharge port portion 31 are continuously formed to constitute a flat end surface 34 as a whole. A suction / discharge cover 37 is attached to the end face 34 via gaskets 35 and 36, and this state is firmly held by a bolt 38.
[0022]
In this example, the suction / discharge port portion 31 is formed in a rectangular shape in which the end surface 34 extends in the circumferential direction (extends in the tangential direction of the circumferential surface of the cylinder block), and the suction port 32 is substantially a portion closer to one side in the circumferential direction. It is formed so as to avoid a corner portion in which a screw hole 39 is formed in half. Further, the discharge port 33 is formed so as to avoid a corner portion in which the screw hole 40 is formed in approximately half of the other side in the circumferential direction. Accordingly, the end surface 34 of the suction / discharge port 31 has peripheral portions of the suction port 32 and the discharge port 33, that is, a peripheral portion of the suction / discharge port portion 31 and a portion between the suction port 32 and the discharge port 33. Tightening allowance is formed in
[0023]
The suction / discharge cover 37 has an end surface 41 directed to the suction / discharge port portion 31 formed as a flat surface having the same shape as the end surface of the suction / discharge port portion 31 and is made of the same metal material as that of the cylinder block. . A connector that communicates with the suction port 32 of the suction / discharge port portion 31 via gaskets 35 and 36 and connects the suction side piping to the end surface 42 opposite to the end surface directed toward the suction / discharge port portion 31. A portion 43 and a connector portion 44 that communicates with the discharge port 33 of the suction / discharge port portion 31 through gaskets 35 and 36 and connects the discharge side pipe are integrally formed to bulge, and the corners on the diagonal line are formed. In the portion, through holes 45 and 46 that are aligned with the screw holes 39 and 40 of the suction / discharge port portion 31 are formed.
[0024]
Two gaskets 35, 36 are provided between the suction / discharge port portion 31 and the suction / discharge cover 37, and each gasket 35, 36 has an end face of the suction / discharge port portion 31. It is formed in the flat form formed in the same shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the gaskets 35 and 36 are formed with through holes 50 and 51 corresponding to the suction port 32 and the discharge port 33, and through holes corresponding to the screw holes 39 and 40. 52 and 53 are formed. In this example, the through hole 50 corresponding to the suction port 32 is formed in the same shape as the suction port 32, and the through hole 51 corresponding to the discharge port 33 is formed in the same shape as the discharge port 33.
[0025]
In addition, a bulging portion 55 that bulges to one side over the entire circumference is formed around each of the through holes 50 and 51. The bulging portion 55 is integrally formed by press molding at the time of molding the gasket, and can be deformed in the bulging direction. And in this example, as FIG. 5 shows, the bulging part of one gasket is bulging to the side of the other gasket, and the bulging part 55 of each gasket 35, 36 is reversed. The tops of the bulging portions 55 are brought into contact with each other.
[0026]
In this example, means for positioning the gaskets 35 and 36 is provided so that the bulging portions 55 facing each other are not displaced. That is, each gasket 35, 36 has a tongue piece 56 extending in a diagonal direction connecting between the through holes (52, 53) at the corner where the through hole 52 is formed, and the through hole 53 is formed. A locking portion 57 having a through-hole 53 in a shape that can be locked by inserting the tongue piece portion 56 is formed at the corner portion. And the mutual gaskets 35 and 36 are combined by latching the tongue piece part 56 of each gasket 35 and 36 in the through-hole 53 of the latching | locking part 57 of the other gasket.
[0027]
In the above configuration, the two gaskets 35 and 36 are combined as described above, placed on the suction / discharge port portion 31 of the cylinder block 3, and further, the suction / discharge cover 37 is applied from above to the suction / discharge cover 37. When the bolt 38 is screwed into the screw holes 39 and 40 of the suction / discharge port 31 through the through holes 45 and 46 of the 37 and the through holes 52 and 53 of the gaskets 35 and 36, the gasket 38 is tightened along with the tightening of the bolt 38. The bulging part 55 which mutually contact | abuts 35 and 36 is crushed. Since each bulging portion 55 is provided in series with respect to the tightening direction, if the spring constant in the bulging direction of each bulging portion 55 is k, the spring of the bulging portion group arranged in series The constant is k / 2, and even when the tightening force is weak, the bulging portion 55 can be sufficiently deformed to ensure a good sealing state. Therefore, even if the distance between the bolts is long, the bulging portion 55 of the gaskets 35 and 36 can be sufficiently deformed to be surely sealed, and a large axial force is not applied to the tightening portion of the bolt 38. Thus, deformation of the suction / discharge port 31 and the suction / discharge cover 37 can be avoided.
[0028]
In the above-described configuration, the top portions of the bulging portions 55 of the overlapping gaskets 35 and 36 are opposed to each other. However, as a configuration in which the bulging portions 55 face each other in the opposite direction, FIG. As shown in 6 (a), the tops of the bulging portions 55 may be separated from each other and face each other.
[0029]
Further, in the above-described configuration, the bulging portion 55 is a full bead bulging so that both sides thereof are on the same surface, but both sides of the bulging portion 55 are on different surfaces, or In addition, the bulging portion 55 may be formed of a so-called half bead that extends to the edges of the gaskets 35 and 36. That is, as shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C, the bulging portion 55 formed as a half bead may be opposed so as to contact each other, or the top portions may be separated from each other. good.
[0030]
Further, the above-described gasket sealing structure is not limited to between the suction / discharge port portion 31 and the suction / discharge cover 37 described above, but between the cylinder blocks 2 and 3 and the valve plates 4 and 6 or the cylinder head. You may apply similarly to at least one between 5 and 7 and the valve plates 4 and 6. FIG.
[0031]
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a gasket 60 interposed between the cylinder block 2 (3) and the valve plate 4 (6) or between the cylinder head 5 (7) and the valve plate 4 (6). As shown in FIG. 8, a bulging portion 61 made of a half bead is formed on the peripheral portion, and two gaskets 60 are overlapped to form the bulging portion 61 as shown in FIG. Even if the top portions are separated from each other and face each other, as shown in FIG. 9B, the top portions of the bulging portions 61 may be brought into contact with each other to face each other.
[0032]
Moreover, even if the bulging part 61 which consists of full beads is formed in the peripheral part of the gasket 60 and the top parts of the bulging part 61 are made to face each other as shown in FIG. ), The bulging portion 61 may be opposed to each other with the top portions in contact with each other.
[0033]
In the above configuration, two gaskets are overlapped so that the bulging portions face each other in the opposite direction, but three or more gaskets are overlapped to bulge adjacent gaskets. You may make it oppose a part toward the reverse direction. In addition, a plurality of bulging portions may be arranged in parallel at the place to be sealed.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in a compressor sealing device that seals between metal members joined by bolting with a metal gasket interposed therebetween, a plurality of metal gaskets are arranged in a stacked manner on the surface of each metal gasket. A bulging part that can be deformed in the bulging direction is provided, and the opposing metal gaskets are arranged so that the bulging parts face each other in the opposite direction, ensuring a sufficient sealing state even with a weak axial force. It becomes possible to do.
[0035]
Further, if the metal gaskets facing each other are provided with means for positioning so that the bulging portions facing each other do not shift, the bulging portions will not be displaced, so that a good sealing state can be reliably obtained. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to the present invention, and is a view cut along a line YY in FIG. 2;
FIG. 2 is a view of a cylinder block of a reciprocating compressor according to the present invention as seen from line XX in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a suction / discharge port portion, a gasket, and a suction / discharge cover provided in the cylinder block shown in FIG. 1;
4 is a view showing a gasket, FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of the gasket, and FIG. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4 (a).
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an installation state before compression of a gasket interposed between the suction / discharge port portion and the suction / discharge cover, in which the top portions of the bulging portions are brought into contact with each other; Indicates.
6 is a view showing an installation state before compression of a gasket interposed between the suction / discharge port portion and the suction / discharge cover, and FIG. 6 (a) is a top portion of the bulging portion; FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a state in which the bulging portions are formed by half beads and the top portions are brought into contact with each other and are opposed to each other. (c) is a figure which shows the state which comprised the bulging part by the half bead and separated the top parts and opposed.
7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the periphery of the valve plate of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a gasket interposed between the cylinder block and the valve plate or between the cylinder head and the valve plate, and FIG. 8 (a) is a plan view of the gasket, FIG. 8 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 8 (a).
FIG. 9 is a view showing an installation state before compression of a gasket interposed between the cylinder block and the valve plate or between the cylinder head and the valve plate, and FIG. FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a state in which the bulging portion is configured with half beads and the top portions are separated from each other, and FIG. FIG. 9 (c) is a diagram showing a state in which the bulging portion is composed of full beads and the top portions are separated from each other, and FIG. 9 (d) is a diagram showing the bulging portion. It is a figure which shows the state comprised by the full bead and making the top parts contact | abut.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Front cylinder block 3 Rear cylinder block 4, 6 Valve plate 5 Front cylinder head 7 Rear cylinder head 11 Cylinder bore 19 Piston 27 Suction hole 28 Suction hole 31 Suction / discharge port 35, 36, 60 Metal gasket 37 Suction・ Discharge cover 55, 61 bulging part 56 tongue piece part 57 locking part

Claims (4)

In a compressor sealing device configured to seal between metal members joined by bolting with a metal gasket interposed therebetween,
A plurality of the metal gaskets are stacked and provided with a bulging portion that can be deformed in the bulging direction on the surface of each metal gasket, and the facing metal gaskets face each other in the opposite direction. A compressor sealing device, wherein the compressor sealing device is disposed so as to face each other. 2. The compressor sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the metal gaskets facing each other include means for positioning so that the bulging portions facing each other are not displaced. The compressor includes a suction / discharge port portion formed with a suction port for sucking a working fluid from the outside, a discharge port for discharging the compressed working fluid to the outside, and a suction unit assembled to the suction / discharge port portion. The compressor sealing device according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge cover, wherein the metal gasket is interposed between the suction / discharge port portion and the suction / discharge cover. The compressor is fixed to the cylinder block via the valve plate, a cylinder block formed with a plurality of cylinder bores, a valve plate formed with a suction hole and a discharge hole corresponding to each cylinder bore, A cylinder head that defines a suction chamber that can communicate with the suction hole and a discharge chamber that can communicate with the discharge hole, a shaft that is rotatably provided so as to penetrate the cylinder block, and an internal cylinder cylinder that moves along the rotation of the shaft. And a reciprocating piston.
The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the metal gasket is interposed between at least one of the cylinder block and the valve plate and between the cylinder head and the valve plate. Sealing device.

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