JPH09133017A - Catalytic reaction device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance reaction efficiency of a catalyst so as to increase an quality improving effect of fuel without enlarging a vessel size. SOLUTION: A device comprises a vessel 11, partitioning cylinders 12, 13 and a plurality of partitioning plates 14. Each partitioning cylinder is successively built in the vessel, so as to partition inside the vessel. Each partitioning plate is provided in an outer surface of the partitioning cylinder along its lengthwise direction, a partition is made between the vessel and the partitioning cylinder and between each partitioning cylinder. The partitioning cylinder and the partitioning plate divide inside the vessel into a plurality of reaction chambers 32. A cover of the vessel 11 has an inflow/outflow port 26, 27. In each partitioning cylinder and partitioning plate, a communication port is formed in an end part side of each reaction chamber so as to form a series of flow path passing through from the inflow port to the outflow port while meandering in each reaction chamber. A catalyst is received in the reaction chamber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is provided in an automobile or the like for the purpose of improving fuel efficiency, purifying exhaust gas, and the like, and for passing liquid fuel such as gasoline or light oil to react with a catalyst to reform the fuel. The present invention relates to a catalytic reactor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional catalytic reaction device, for example,
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-346806. That is, the inside of the container is divided into even-numbered chambers by partition plates, each chamber is filled with a catalyst composed of ceramic particles, and each chamber is sequentially connected by a connecting portion to form a series of fuel passages, and a liquid fuel flow The fuel is introduced from the inlet, brought into contact with the catalyst through a series of fuel flow paths, and the reformed fuel is discharged from the outlet.

[0003]

By the way, in the fuel system of an automobile, the catalytic reaction device is generally provided in the middle of the fuel tank and the engine before or after the fuel pump, so that the size is limited. In particular, when it is provided after the fuel pump, the size is particularly limited because it is installed in the engine room. Therefore, it is desired that the catalytic reaction device enhances the fuel reforming effect without increasing the size.

However, in the conventional technique, the inside of the container is divided by one partition plate, a cross-shaped partition plate or one cylindrical partition plate, and the same catalyst is used without increasing the size of the container. In order to improve the fuel reforming effect, it is required to increase the number of chambers and lengthen the flow path. With conventional technology,
When the number of partition plates is increased to lengthen the flow path, the cross-sectional area of the chamber becomes elongated and the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the chamber increases. As the ratio of the surface area of the chamber increases, the proportion of fuel flowing along the inner wall increases and the proportion of fuel in contact with the catalyst decreases. Therefore, the conventional technique has a problem that the reaction efficiency of the entire catalyst cannot be sufficiently increased even if the number of chambers is increased, and a sufficient fuel reforming effect cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such conventional problems, and it is possible to improve the reaction efficiency of the catalyst and increase the fuel reforming effect without increasing the size of the container. It is intended to provide a reactor.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the catalytic reaction apparatus according to the present invention of claim 1 comprises a container,
A plurality of partition cylinders that are sequentially installed in the container to partition the interior of the container, and are provided on the outer surface of the partition cylinder along the length direction of the partition cylinder to separate the space between the container and the partition cylinder and between the partition cylinders. With a plurality of partition plates for partitioning, the plurality of partition tubes and the plurality of partition plates divide the inside of the container into a plurality of reaction chambers,
The container has an inflow port connected to one of the reaction chambers and an outflow port connected to another one of the reaction chambers, and each partition cylinder and each partition plate is provided from the inflow port to each reaction chamber. Characterized in that a communication port is formed at the end side of each reaction chamber so as to form a series of flow paths through the meandering in sequence to the outlet, and a catalyst is accommodated in the reaction chamber. .

The container is preferably cylindrical. It is preferable that the end of the container is provided with a lid capable of sealing the inside of the container. It is preferable that the plurality of partition tubes be provided on a concentric axis in a cylindrical container. It is preferable that each partition plate is made of, for example, a metal plate and has elasticity like a spring. The communication port is formed, for example, by notching the end portions of each partition cylinder and each partition plate, or by providing each partition plate with an interval from the end portion of each partition cylinder. The catalyst is preferably granular or granular.

In the catalytic reaction device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid fuel flows from the inflow port to the reaction chamber, passes through the communication port at the end, and passes through the reaction chambers while meandering in sequence. The liquid fuel reacts with the catalyst in each reaction chamber, is reformed and flows out from the outlet. The reaction chamber is divided by multiple partition tubes and multiple partition plates.Assuming that the number of each reaction chamber is constant, each reaction will be compared to the case of partitioning only with radial partition plates or cylindrical partition plates. The surface area of the chamber can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the proportion of the fuel flowing along the inner wall and increase the proportion of the fuel contacting the catalyst.

According to a second aspect of the catalytic reaction apparatus of the present invention, in the first catalytic reaction apparatus of the first aspect, each partition plate is bent from the base portion to the edge portion and has elasticity, and each edge portion is the aforementioned It is characterized in that it is elastically adhered to the inner surface of the container or the partition tube.

Each partition plate may be bent or curved. Even if each partition is bent at one place,
It may be bent at two or more places.

In the catalytic reactor according to the second aspect of the present invention, each partition plate bends and has elasticity so that it is elastically brought into close contact with the inner surface of the container or the outer partition tube, and the partition plate and the container or partition The liquid tightness with the cylinder can be enhanced, and the leakage of fuel between the reaction chambers due to the gap can be prevented.
By preventing the fuel from leaking between the reaction chambers, the flow path of the fuel can be lengthened and the proportion of the fuel in contact with the catalyst can be increased.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the catalyst reaction device according to the first or second aspect, each partition plate has a corrugated shape that meanders in the lengthwise direction of the partition cylinder. Is characterized.

In the catalytic reactor according to the third aspect of the present invention, when the fuel passes through each reaction chamber, the fuel flows meandering in the vicinity of the partition plate due to the corrugated partition plate. For this reason,
The fuel flow path becomes longer, and the proportion of fuel in contact with the catalyst can be increased. Further, since the partition plate has a corrugated shape, it becomes difficult for the fuel to flow along the partition plate, and the ratio of the fuel in contact with the catalyst can be increased.

In the catalytic reaction device according to the present invention of claim 3,
Each partition cylinder may have elasticity like a spring.
In this case, each corrugated partition plate elastically adheres to the inner surface of the container or the outer partition cylinder by the inner partition tube to enhance liquid tightness between the corrugated partition plate and the container or partition tube,
The gap can prevent fuel from leaking between the reaction chambers.

According to a fourth aspect of the catalytic reactor of the present invention, in the catalytic reactor of the first, second or third aspect, at least one of each partition cylinder and each partition plate has a different direction in the reaction chamber. It is characterized in that it has a plurality of flow path bending plates extending in the shape of a shelf.

In the catalytic reactor according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the fuel passes through each reaction chamber, the fuel flows while meandering by the flow path bending plate. For this reason, the flow path of the fuel becomes longer, and the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst can be increased. Further, the flow path bending plate makes it difficult for the fuel to flow along the partition cylinder or the partition plate, and the proportion of the fuel in contact with the catalyst can be increased.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.
-A 4th Example is described. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the catalytic reaction device 10 includes a container 11 and two partition tubes 12 and 13.
And a plurality of partition plates 14, 14, .... The container 11 is composed of a container body 15 and a lid 16. Container main body 15, partition tubes 12, 13 and partition plates 14, 1
4, ... are made of stainless steel. Container body 1
5 has a cylindrical shape, and the flange 22 is provided in the opening 21.
have. The lid 16 adheres the packing 24 to the inner surface of the lid 16 main body with the gasket 23 sandwiched therebetween, and fits and fixes the inflow port 26 and the outflow port 27 from the outside into the two holes 25, 25 formed therein. Made of The lid 16 can completely prevent leakage of the liquid fuel by the gasket 23 and the packing 24.

The inflow port 26 and the outflow port 27 are joint nozzles. Spherical filters 28, 28 are fixed to the two holes 25, 25 so as to project from the inside. As shown in FIG. 2, the filters 28, 28 have a large number of elongated rectangular holes 28a, 28a ,. The lid 16 is fixed to the flange 22 of the container body 15 at the peripheral edge portion 16a by a plurality of bolts 29, 29, ... And nuts 30, 30 ,.

As shown in FIG. 1, two partition cylinders 12, 1
3 is composed of cylinders having different diameters, which are sequentially incorporated coaxially in the container 11 to partition the inside of the container 11. The outer partition tubes 12, 13 are somewhat shorter than the container 11, and the inner partition tubes 12, 13 are the outer partition tube 1
It is a little shorter than 2,13. The lid 16 is the peripheral portion 16
When the opening 21 of the container body 15 is closed, the partition tubes 12, 1 are projected inward from the center portion 16b to the center portion 16b.
The partition cylinders 12 and 13 are pressed against the bottom 31 side of the container 11 so that the gap 3 does not open between the container 11 and the lid 16.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of partition plates 14, 1
4, ... are the partition tubes 12, 1 on the outer surface of each partition tube 12, 13.
The base portions 14a, 14a, ... Are spot-welded along the length direction of 3 to partition the container 11 from the partition tube 12 and the partition tubes 12 and 13. Each partition plate 14 has elasticity by bending from the base portion 14a to the end edge portion 14b in the same direction near the end edge portion 14b. As shown in FIG. 5, each end edge portion 14b is elastically pressed against and closely adheres to the inner surface of the container 11 or the partition cylinder 12.

As shown in FIG. 1, two partition tubes 12, 1 are provided.
3 and a plurality of partition plates 14, 14, ... Divide the inside of the container 11 into a plurality of reaction chambers 32, 32 ,. The inflow port 26 is connected to one of the outermost reaction chambers 32, 32, ..., And the outflow port 27 is separated from the reaction chamber 32 having the inflow port 26 into the other outermost reaction chamber 32. One reaction chamber 32
Connected to

Each partition cylinder 12, 13 and each partition plate 14
Is formed with a communication port 33 on the end side of each reaction chamber 32 so as to form a series of flow paths from the inflow port 26 through the reaction chambers 32, 32, ... There is. As shown in FIG. 4, the communication port 3 of each partition cylinder 12, 13
3, 33, ... Are formed by notching their ends. The communication ports 33, 33 of each partition plate 14 are
The partition plate 14 is attached to the end portions 12a and 13a of the partition tubes 12 and 13, respectively.
It is formed by providing a space between and. In FIG. 1, the communication direction of the communication port 33 on the lid 16 side is indicated by a solid arrow, and the communication direction of the communication port 33 on the bottom side is indicated by a dashed arrow.

Each reaction chamber 32, 32, ... Has a catalyst 34,
34, ... Are fully filled and housed. In FIG. 3,
The catalysts 34, 34, ... Are partially simplified and shown. Catalyst 3
4, 34, ... are made of granular or granular ceramic particles. The catalysts 34, 34, ... Have a diameter larger than the width of the holes 28a, 28a ,.
It does not pass through 28a, .... Each hole 28a
Has a long and narrow rectangular shape, so that a gap is formed even if the catalysts 34, 34, ... Therefore, the filters 28, 28
Are not completely blocked by the catalysts 34, 34, ... And it is difficult to prevent passage of fuel.

Next, the operation will be described. Catalytic reactor 10
Are installed, for example, in the diesel engine fuel system of an automobile before or after the fuel pump. The location where the catalytic reaction device 10 is installed is beside the fuel tank or inside the engine room. Since the installation space is small, the size and shape of the catalytic reaction device 10 are limited.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in the catalytic reaction device 10, an outer partition cylinder 12 is fitted in a container 11,
It can be easily assembled by fitting the inner partition cylinder 13 into the partition cylinder 12, filling the reaction chambers 32 with the catalysts 34, 34, ... And closing the container body 15 with the lid 16. In the catalytic reaction device 10, the liquid fuel is introduced into the inflow port 26.
, To the reaction chambers 32, 32, ..., Passing through the communication port 33 at the end, and passing through the reaction chambers 32, 32 ,. The liquid fuel reacts with the catalysts 34, 34, ... In each reaction chamber 32, is reformed, and flows out from the outlet 27. The fuel reformed by the catalytic reaction device 10 is introduced into the injection pump through the filter, the pressure is increased, and the fuel is sent to the injection nozzle of the engine and burned.

In the catalytic reactor 10, the container 11 has a plurality of partition tubes 12, 13 and a plurality of partition plates 14, 14, ...
Is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers 32, 32, ...
Since the fuel sequentially meanders through the reaction chambers 32, 32, ..., The flow path becomes longer than in the case where the container 11 is partitioned by a cross-shaped partition plate or one cylindrical partition plate. Therefore, the amount of contact of the fuel with the catalysts 34, 34, ... Further, in the catalytic reaction device 10, since the cross-sectional area of each reaction chamber 32 is small, the fuel flows smoothly without causing retention. Therefore, in the catalytic reaction device 10,
Since the catalysts 34, 34, ... Are used as a whole without being biased, the life of the catalysts can be uniformly extended.

In the catalytic reactor 10, the reaction chambers 32, 3
2, ... are a plurality of partition tubes 12, 13 and a plurality of partition plates 1
Since it is divided by 4, 14, ..., Assuming that the number of each reaction chamber 32 is constant, the surface area of each reaction chamber 32 is smaller than that in the case of partitioning only with radial partition plates or cylindrical partition plates. Can be made smaller. Therefore, the proportion of fuel flowing along the inner wall can be suppressed and the proportion of fuel contacting the catalysts 34, 34, ... Can be increased without increasing the size of the container. As a result, the catalysts 34, 34,
The reaction efficiency of ... can be dramatically increased, and the fuel reforming effect can be enhanced.

Since the catalytic reaction device 10 is attached to a vibration generating device such as an automobile, the catalysts 34, 34, ...
Friction occurs between them. If the volume of each reaction chamber 32 is large, the amount of movement of each catalyst 34 in the reaction chamber 32 will increase and the amount of wear will also increase. In the catalytic reaction device 10, since the volume of each reaction chamber 32 is smaller than that of the conventional catalytic reaction device, wear of the catalysts 34, 34, ... Can be reduced and the life of the catalyst can be extended.

Further, each partition plate 14 is bent and has elasticity by collapsing, and is elastically pressed against the inner surface of the container 11 or the outer partition cylinder 12 and firmly adheres thereto. As described above, since the partition plates 14, 14, ... Have elasticity, the liquid tightness between the partition plates 14, 14, ... And the container 11 or the partition cylinder 12 is increased, and the reaction chamber 3 is provided by the gap.
It is possible to prevent fuel leakage from occurring between 2, 32, .... By preventing the fuel from leaking between the reaction chambers 32, 32, ..., It is possible to increase the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalysts 34, 34 ,.

The catalytic reaction device 10 includes the partition cylinders 12 and 13
, And the partition plates 14, 14, ... Extend in the lengthwise direction of the container 11, so that when the lid 16 is removed from the container body 15, all the reaction chambers 32, 32 ,. Therefore, in the catalytic reaction device 10, the partition cylinders 12, 13 and the partition plates 14, 14, ... Are not obstructed when the catalysts 34, 34 ,.
Exchange or replenishment of the catalysts 34, 34, ... Is easy.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 shows a catalytic reactor 40 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the catalytic reaction device 40 has a partition structure 41 in which the partition cylinder and the partition plate of the first embodiment are integrated. The catalytic reaction device 40 can be easily assembled by inserting the partition structure 41 into the container 42.
In the catalytic reactor 40, the inflow port 43 is connected to one of the outermost reaction chambers 44, 44, ... And the outflow port 45 is connected to the central reaction chamber 44. The partition structure 41 passes through the reaction chambers 44, 44, ...
Each reaction chamber 44 so as to form a series of flow paths up to the outlet 45.
A communication port is formed on the end side of the. In FIG. 6, the communication direction of the communication port on the lid side is shown by a solid arrow, and the communication direction of the communication port on the bottom side is shown by a broken arrow. The other configurations are the same as the configurations of the catalytic reaction device 10 of the first embodiment, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 shows the essential parts of a catalytic reactor according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, each partition plate 5 of the catalytic reactor
1 has a corrugated shape that meanders in the length direction of the partition tube. The other configurations are the same as the configurations of the catalytic reaction device 10 of the first embodiment, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. When the fuel passes through each reaction chamber, the corrugated partition plate 51 causes the fuel to meander near the partition plate 51. For this reason, the flow path of the fuel becomes longer, and the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst can be increased. Further, since the partition plate 51 has a corrugated shape,
It becomes difficult for the fuel to flow along the partition plate 51, and the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst can be increased. As a result, the fuel reforming effect can be further enhanced.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 shows a catalytic reaction device 50 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8A, the catalytic reaction device 50 is
Each of the partition plates 51, 51, ... Has a plurality of flow path bending plates 52, 5
2, ... As shown in FIG. 8 (B), the plurality of flow path bending plates 52, 52, ... Extend in a shelf shape from different directions alternately at regular intervals in the reaction chambers 53, 53 ,. When the reaction chambers 53, 53, ... Are viewed from the opening side of the container body 54, the reaction chambers 53, 53, ... Are blocked by the flow path bending plates 52, 52 ,. Chambers 53, 53,
A flow path that linearly penetrates the inside is not formed. The other configurations are the same as the configurations of the catalytic reaction device 10 of the first embodiment, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. In the catalytic reaction device 50, fuel flows while meandering by the flow path bending plates 52, 52, ... When passing through the reaction chambers 53, 53 ,. For this reason, the flow path of the fuel becomes longer, and the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst can be increased. Further, the flow path bending plates 52, 52, ...
Or, it becomes difficult for the fuel to flow along the partition plates 51, 51, ..., And the ratio of the fuel in contact with the catalyst can be increased. As a result, the fuel reforming effect can be further enhanced.

In the first embodiment, an example in which the container body 15, the partition cylinders 12 and 13 and the partition plates 14 and 14, ... Are made of stainless steel has been shown, but these are made of other metals and other materials. It may be made of a material. Further, the number of partition cylinders 12, 13 and partition plates 14, 14, ... Is 2
It may be more than one or any number.

[0037]

According to the catalytic reaction apparatus of the present invention, since the inside of the container is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers by a plurality of partition cylinders and a plurality of partition plates, the surface area of each reaction chamber can be reduced. By increasing the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst without increasing the size of the container, the reaction efficiency of the catalyst can be increased and the fuel reforming effect can be enhanced.

In particular, in the catalytic reaction device according to the present invention of claim 2, since each partition plate elastically adheres to the inner surface of the container or the outer partition cylinder, fuel leakage is prevented from occurring between the reaction chambers. The fuel flow path can be lengthened to increase the proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst, thereby further improving the fuel reforming effect.

In particular, in the catalytic reaction device according to the present invention of claim 3, since each partition plate has a corrugated shape, the fuel meanders near the partition plate to lengthen the flow path and prevent the fuel from flowing through the partition plate. As a result, the ratio of the fuel that comes into contact with the catalyst increases, and the fuel reforming effect can be further enhanced.

In particular, in the catalytic reaction apparatus according to the present invention of claim 4, since the flow path bending plate is provided, the fuel meanders to lengthen the flow path, and it becomes difficult for the fuel to flow through the partition tube or partition plate, and the catalyst The proportion of the fuel that comes into contact with the fuel can be increased to further enhance the fuel reforming effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a catalytic reaction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a filter of the catalytic reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a catalytic reaction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a partition cylinder and a partition plate of the catalytic reaction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing a partition plate of the catalytic reaction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a catalytic reaction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a catalytic reactor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a catalytic reactor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a partition plate and a flow path bending plate A-.
It is an A line end view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 40, 50, 60 Catalytic reaction device 11 Container 12, 13 Partition cylinder 14 Partition plate 16 Lid 26 Inlet 27 Outlet 32 Reaction chamber 34 Catalyst

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A container, a plurality of partition tubes that are sequentially incorporated into the container to partition the interior of the container, and a container and a partition tube that are provided on the outer surface of the partition tube along the length direction of the partition tube. And a plurality of partition plates for partitioning between the partition and each partition, the plurality of partition cylinders and the plurality of partition plates divide the inside of the container into a plurality of reaction chambers, the container among the reaction chambers. Of 1
An inlet connected to one of the reaction chambers and an outlet connected to one of the other reaction chambers, and each partition cylinder and each partition plate pass through the reaction chambers from the inlet while sequentially meandering to form the flow. A catalytic reaction device, characterized in that a communication port is formed on the end side of each reaction chamber so as to form a series of flow paths up to the outlet, and a catalyst is accommodated in the reaction chamber. 2. Each partition plate has elasticity by bending from a base portion to an end edge portion, and each end edge portion is elastically adhered to an inner surface of the container or the partition cylinder. The catalytic reaction device according to claim 1. 3. The partition plate has a corrugated shape that meanders in the lengthwise direction of the partition cylinder.
Alternatively, the catalytic reaction device according to item 2. 4. At least one of each partition cylinder and each partition plate has a plurality of flow path bending plates extending in a shelf shape from different directions alternately in the reaction chamber. Alternatively, the catalytic reaction device according to item 3.