JPH0912349A - Artificial aggregate and its production - Google Patents
Artificial aggregate and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0912349A JPH0912349A JP18211195A JP18211195A JPH0912349A JP H0912349 A JPH0912349 A JP H0912349A JP 18211195 A JP18211195 A JP 18211195A JP 18211195 A JP18211195 A JP 18211195A JP H0912349 A JPH0912349 A JP H0912349A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- artificial aggregate
- coal ash
- aggregate
- weight
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、人工骨材及びその製
造方法、特に、石炭灰を利用して密実で低吸水率とした
非焼成型の人工骨材及びその製造方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial aggregate and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a non-firing artificial aggregate having a solid and low water absorption rate using coal ash and a method for producing the same. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、石炭火力発電所の微粉炭燃焼ボイ
ラから大量に産出され、大部分が埋め立て等に廃棄処分
される石炭灰の有効利用の一つとして、石炭灰を主原料
とした非焼成型の人工骨材がある。この骨材は、石炭灰
にセメント、水を加えて加圧成形、または転動造粒した
後、適当な養生を経て製造されるもので、同じく石炭灰
を主原料とする焼成型の人工骨材と比べて、大型の焼成
設備や繁雑な焼成温度管理が不要で、製造やメンテナン
スも容易であり、有用な骨材資源確保の上からも益々の
活用が期待されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, one of the effective uses of coal ash that is produced in large quantities from a pulverized coal combustion boiler of a coal-fired power plant and most of it is disposed of in landfills, etc. There is a firing type artificial aggregate. This aggregate is produced by adding cement and water to coal ash, press-molding it, or rolling granulating it and then subjecting it to appropriate curing. Similarly, a calcined artificial bone mainly made from coal ash. Compared with lumber, it does not require large-scale firing equipment and complicated firing temperature control, is easy to manufacture and maintain, and is expected to be used more and more in terms of securing useful aggregate resources.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
非焼成型の人工骨材は、吸水率が１５％を越え、天然砕
石に比べて高いうえ、強度的にも不十分な低品位なもの
であり、用途等、適用範囲が極めて限定されたものにな
っている。However, the conventional non-baking type artificial aggregate has a water absorption rate of more than 15%, which is higher than that of natural crushed stone, and is of a low quality which is insufficient in strength. The scope of application is extremely limited, such as the intended use.
【０００４】例えば、このような多孔質で吸水率が高い
非焼成型の人工骨材は、これをコンクリート用骨材とし
て使用するにあたり、次のような問題点がある。 （１）骨材内部に水が吸収されるので、コンクリートの
流動性が低下し、正常な施工ができない。 （２）このようなコンクリートをポンプ圧送の際には、
高圧を受けて水分が骨材内部に吸収され、移送途中に流
動性が低下し、移送管の閉塞を生じる。 （３）寒冷地におけるコンクリート構造物において、多
孔質の骨材内部に吸収された水分が凝固し、コンクリー
ト構造物を破壊するおそれがある。For example, such a porous non-fired artificial aggregate having a high water absorption has the following problems when it is used as an aggregate for concrete. (1) Since water is absorbed inside the aggregate, the fluidity of the concrete is lowered, and normal construction cannot be performed. (2) When pumping such concrete,
Moisture is absorbed inside the aggregate under high pressure, the fluidity is lowered during the transfer, and the transfer pipe is blocked. (3) In a concrete structure in a cold region, water absorbed inside the porous aggregate may coagulate and destroy the concrete structure.
【０００５】この発明は、このような事情に鑑みなされ
たもので、石炭灰という多孔質原料を多量に使用しなが
ら、製品骨材の吸水率を低下させ、かつ強度の大きい骨
材とし、モルタル、コンクリート用骨材としては無論、
アスファルト用の骨材、埋め戻し材、路盤材、敷材等と
して大量に有効利用することができる人工骨材及びその
製造方法を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and uses a large amount of a porous raw material called coal ash while reducing the water absorption rate of the product aggregate and making the aggregate strong and mortar. , Of course as an aggregate for concrete,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial aggregate that can be effectively used in a large amount as an asphalt aggregate, a backfill material, a roadbed material, a laying material, and the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
に、この発明の人工骨材によれば、石炭灰及びセメント
を主要成分として成形してなる非焼成型の人工骨材であ
って、石炭灰の平均粒径を１２μｍ以下、好ましくは、
１０μｍ以下としたこと（請求項１）、石炭灰が５０〜
７０重量部、セメントが５０〜３０重量部であること
（請求項２）、吸水率が５％以下、圧縮強度が８００ｋ
ｇ／ｃｍ2 以上、及び嵩密度が２．１以上であること
（請求項３）、シリカヒューム、石膏、高炉スラグ、及
び炭酸カルシウウムから選択される少なくとも１種をさ
らに含むこと（請求項４）、を特徴とするIn order to achieve the above object, according to the artificial aggregate of the present invention, a non-firing type artificial aggregate formed by molding coal ash and cement as main components, The average particle size of the coal ash is 12 μm or less, preferably,
10 μm or less (Claim 1), coal ash is 50 to
70 parts by weight, 50 to 30 parts by weight of cement (claim 2), water absorption of 5% or less, compressive strength of 800 k
g / cm 2 or more, and a bulk density of 2.1 or more (claim 3), and further containing at least one selected from silica fume, gypsum, blast furnace slag, and calcium carbonate (claim 4). Characterized by
【０００７】また、この発明の人工骨材の製造方法によ
れば、石炭灰及びセメントを主要成分とし、これに水を
加えて成形、養生してなる非焼成型の人工骨材の製造方
法であって、石炭灰の平均粒径を１２μｍ以下、好まし
くは、１０μｍ以下としたこと（請求項５）、石炭灰５
０〜７０重量部、及びセメント５０〜３０重量部の合量
１００重量部に水１０〜２０重量部を加えること（請求
項６）、シリカヒューム、石膏、高炉スラグ、及び炭酸
カルシウウムから選択される少なくとも１種をさらに含
むこと（請求項７）、成形が加圧力１０００〜２５００
ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 の圧縮成形であること（請求項８）、成形
がパン型造粒機による転動造粒であること（請求項
９）、養生が蒸気養生であること（請求項１０）、養生
が４０〜１００℃、２４時間以上の蒸気養生であること
（請求項１１）、を特徴とする。以下、この発明を詳細
に説明する。Further, according to the method for producing an artificial aggregate of the present invention, coal ash and cement are the main components, and water is added to the ashes to form and cure, which is a non-firing type artificial aggregate producing method. Therefore, the average particle size of the coal ash is 12 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less (claim 5).
Addition of 10 to 20 parts by weight of water to a total of 100 parts by weight of 0 to 70 parts by weight and 50 to 30 parts by weight of cement (claim 6), silica fume, gypsum, blast furnace slag, and calcium carbonate. Further comprising at least one kind (claim 7), the molding is performed under a pressing force of 1000 to 2500.
compression molding of kg / cm 2 (Claim 8), molding is rolling granulation by a pan-type granulator (Claim 9), curing is steam curing (Claim 10), The curing is steam curing at 40 to 100 ° C. for 24 hours or more (claim 11). Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
【０００８】この発明で使用する石炭灰は、ＪＩＳで規
定されるフライアッシュは無論、通常原粉と称されるフ
ライアッシュ、及びシンダーアッシュ、あるいは流動床
飛灰をも含めた、石炭の燃焼方式如何に拘らず得られる
広い意味での石炭灰全般を使用することができ、これら
石炭灰を粉砕処理して平均粒径を１２μｍ以下、好まし
くは、１０μｍ以下とする。石炭灰の平均粒径が１２μ
ｍを越えると、緻密な成形体が得られず吸水率の高い、
嵩密度、強度の低い骨材となり好ましくない。また、平
均粒径をあまり小さくし過ぎても、吸水率の低下、ある
いは強度上昇以上に、粉末度低減に要する粉砕動力費が
上昇し経済的でなく、平均粒径は３μｍ以上とすること
が望ましい。尚、平均粒径は、積算粒度分布曲線におけ
る５０％粒子径を言う。The coal ash used in the present invention is, of course, not the fly ash specified by JIS, but the fly ash usually called raw powder, the cinder ash, or the fluidized bed fly ash. Any kind of coal ash in a broad sense that can be obtained regardless of the method can be used, and the coal ash is pulverized to have an average particle size of 12 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less. The average particle size of coal ash is 12μ
If it exceeds m, a dense molded body cannot be obtained and the water absorption is high.
Aggregates with low bulk density and low strength are not preferred. Even if the average particle size is made too small, it is not economical because the crushing power cost required for reducing the fineness increases more than the decrease in water absorption rate or the increase in strength, and the average particle size may be 3 μm or more. desirable. The average particle size is the 50% particle size in the integrated particle size distribution curve.
【０００９】石炭灰の粉砕処理は、ボールミル、振動ミ
ル、竪型ミル等各種の粉砕機を使用することができ、石
炭灰の単独粉砕、あるいは、後述するセメントとの混合
粉砕、さらには、石炭灰を微粉砕後、前記フライアッシ
ュ原粉と混合して所定の粉末度を得るようにしても良
く、粉砕方式に格別制限されるものではない。For the pulverization of coal ash, various pulverizers such as a ball mill, a vibration mill, a vertical mill, etc. can be used. The ash may be finely pulverized and then mixed with the fly ash raw powder to obtain a predetermined fineness, and the pulverization method is not particularly limited.
【００１０】結合材としてのセメントは、普通、早強、
超早強、中庸熱、耐硫酸塩、白色などの各種ポルトラン
ドセメントのほか、フライアッシュセメントや高炉セメ
ント等の混合セメントがいずれも使用できるが、骨材の
強度発現性の観点から、望ましくは普通ポルトランドセ
メント、あるいは早強ポルトランドセメントを使用す
る。Cement as a binder is usually, early strength,
In addition to various Portland cements such as super early strength, moderate heat, sulfate resistance, white color, etc., mixed cement such as fly ash cement and blast furnace cement can be used, but from the viewpoint of aggregate strength development, it is usually desirable Use Portland cement or early strength Portland cement.
【００１１】石炭灰とセメントの使用量は、石炭灰が５
０〜７０重量部、セメントが５０〜３０重量部の範囲と
する。石炭灰が７０重量部を越えると、吸水率が高くな
ると共に強度も低下し好ましくない。また、セメント使
用量が５０重量部を越えると、後述する成形に好適な水
量に対して、セメントの水和に必要な水分を多く必要と
し、適当な水分補充策を取る必要があるほか、この発明
の目的とする石炭灰の大量活用の点からも好ましくな
い。The amount of coal ash and cement used is 5 for coal ash.
0 to 70 parts by weight and 50 to 30 parts by weight of cement. When the amount of coal ash exceeds 70 parts by weight, the water absorption rate becomes high and the strength also decreases, which is not preferable. Further, when the amount of cement used exceeds 50 parts by weight, a large amount of water necessary for hydration of cement is required with respect to the amount of water suitable for molding described later, and it is necessary to take an appropriate water replenishment measure. It is not preferable from the viewpoint of mass utilization of coal ash, which is the object of the invention.
【００１２】この発明は、石炭灰及びセメントに加えて
シリカヒューム、石膏、高炉スラグ、及び炭酸カルシウ
ウムから選択される少なくとも１種の添加材をさらに含
むものであっても良い。添加材は、成形体を密実にし、
骨材の吸水率を下げ、高強度の骨材を得ようとするもの
で、平均粒子径が１０μｍ以下の添加材を石炭灰とセメ
ント及び添加材の合計量に対して５〜１５重量％の範囲
内で添加することができる。The present invention may further include at least one additive selected from silica fume, gypsum, blast furnace slag, and calcium carbonate in addition to coal ash and cement. The additive material makes the compact compact,
The water absorption rate of the aggregate is reduced to obtain a high-strength aggregate, and an additive having an average particle size of 10 μm or less is added in an amount of 5 to 15% by weight based on the total amount of coal ash, cement and the additive. It can be added within the range.
【００１３】石炭灰とセメントの混合物、あるいはこれ
に前記添加材を加えた混合物は、次に水を加えて調湿混
練する。水量は、セメントの硬化、石炭灰とアルカリに
よるポゾラン反応の進行、及び後述する成形性、及び成
形物の密実性を考慮し、前記混合物に対して１０〜２０
重量％の範囲とする。水量がこの範囲より少ないと、成
形物の崩壊が起こりやすく、また、これが多すぎると、
成形物に水の滲出する水みちができたりするなど、特に
成形性の点から好ましくない。The mixture of coal ash and cement, or the mixture obtained by adding the above-mentioned additives to the mixture is then added with water and subjected to humidity conditioning kneading. The amount of water is 10 to 20 with respect to the mixture in consideration of the hardening of cement, the progress of the pozzolanic reaction between coal ash and alkali, and the moldability described later and the solidity of the molded product.
% By weight. If the amount of water is less than this range, the molded product tends to collapse, and if it is too much,
In particular, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of moldability, for example, a molded product may have a water channel for leaching water.
【００１４】成形は、骨材の空隙を可能な限り少なくす
る上で、圧縮（加圧）成形、若しくは転動造粒成形が好
適に適用でき、５〜３０ｍｍの球状、だ円形状、円柱状
に成形する。圧縮成形としては、ブリケットマシン等の
加圧成形機により加圧力が１０００〜２５００ｋｇ／ｃ
ｍ2 の範囲で前記調湿物を成形する。これが１０００ｋ
ｇ／ｃｍ2 を下回ると、所望の吸水率、強度が得られ
ず、またこれを２５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 以上にしても、吸
水率の低減、強度上昇が頭打ち傾向になるばかりか、成
形後、自己崩壊の恐れもあり、しかも、設備面やコスト
などで急激に割高になり好ましくない。As for molding, compression (pressurization) molding or rolling granulation molding can be suitably applied in order to reduce the voids of the aggregate as much as possible, and spherical, elliptical, and cylindrical shapes of 5 to 30 mm are used. To mold. For compression molding, a pressing force of 1000 to 2500 kg / c is applied by a pressure molding machine such as a briquette machine.
The humidity-conditioned product is molded in the range of m 2 . This is 1000k
If it is less than g / cm 2 , the desired water absorption rate and strength cannot be obtained, and even if it is 2500 kg / cm 2 or more, not only the decrease in water absorption rate and the increase in strength tend to reach the ceiling, There is also a risk of collapse, and it is not preferable because the cost will rapidly increase due to equipment and cost.
【００１５】転動造粒成形は、特に成形の容易さもあ
り、パン型造粒機が好適に用いられるが、できるだけ密
実な成形体（嵩密度２．１ｇ／ｃｍ3 以上）とするため
に、前記水量管理のほか、回転数、傾斜度、深さのほ
か、成形時間（原料滞留時間）等を適切に設定すること
が重要であり、特に成形時間は、焼成型の人工骨材にお
ける通常の成形時間よりも長く取ることが望ましい。
尚、転動造粒成形に当たっては、前記混合物に対する水
量の一部を調湿に使用し、残部の水量をパン型造粒機内
に散布しながら成形する。In the rolling granulation molding, a pan-type granulator is preferably used because it is particularly easy to mold, but in order to obtain a compact as solid as possible (bulk density of 2.1 g / cm 3 or more). In addition to the above water amount control, it is important to properly set the molding speed (raw material retention time), etc. in addition to the rotation speed, the inclination, and the depth. It is desirable to take longer than the molding time.
In rolling granulation, a part of the amount of water relative to the mixture is used for humidity control, and the remaining amount of water is sprinkled into a pan-type granulator for molding.
【００１６】次に成形物は養生する。養生は、各種の養
生方法が適用可能であり、常温養生、高温養生、常圧蒸
気養生、高温高圧養生のいずれも採用できるが、常温養
生では、所望の吸水率及び強度を確保する上で、長期の
養生期間を必要とし、蒸気養生が好ましい。蒸気養生
は、４０〜１００℃、２４時間以上、好ましくは３６時
間以上で行い、その後、４８時間以上の常温、湿空養生
をすることにより、この発明の好適な骨材とすることが
できる。養生温度が４０℃を下回ると、吸水率低減効果
が少なく、また１００℃以上としても吸水率の低減が頭
打ちとなり好ましくない。Next, the molded product is cured. Curing, various curing methods are applicable, normal temperature curing, high temperature curing, normal pressure steam curing, can be adopted any of the high temperature and high pressure curing, in normal temperature curing, in securing the desired water absorption and strength, A long curing period is required, and steam curing is preferable. The steam curing is carried out at 40 to 100 ° C. for 24 hours or longer, preferably 36 hours or longer, and thereafter, normal temperature, wet air curing is conducted for 48 hours or longer to obtain a suitable aggregate of the present invention. If the curing temperature is lower than 40 ° C., the effect of reducing the water absorption rate is small, and even if the curing temperature is 100 ° C. or higher, the reduction of the water absorption rate reaches the ceiling, which is not preferable.
【００１７】以上説明したこの発明の人工骨材は、吸水
率が５％以下、圧縮強度が８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 以上、及
び嵩密度が２．１ｇ／ｃｍ3以上であり、石炭灰及びセ
メントを主要成分として成形してなる非焼成型の人工骨
材にあっては、極めて優れた特性を有するもので、天然
砕石代替として使用でき、コンクリート用骨材としては
無論、アスファルト用の骨材、埋め戻し材、路盤材、敷
材等、各種の用途に大量に有効利用することができる。The artificial aggregate of the present invention described above has a water absorption of 5% or less, a compressive strength of 800 kg / cm 2 or more, and a bulk density of 2.1 g / cm 3 or more, and is mainly used in coal ash and cement. The non-fired artificial aggregate formed as a component has extremely excellent properties and can be used as a substitute for natural crushed stone. As a concrete aggregate, of course, asphalt aggregate, backfilling It can be effectively used in large quantities for various purposes such as timber, roadbed material and flooring material.
【００１８】[0018]
【作用】この発明によれば、特に、石炭灰の平均粒径を
１２μｍ以下、好ましくは、１０μｍ以下とすることに
より、加圧成形または転動造粒時における粉体間の空隙
率を減少させ、成形物の嵩密度を上げて骨材内部を物理
的に密実化すると共に、石炭灰の微細化による表面積の
増加によって、結合材として加えたセメントの水和反応
及びセメントの水和により生成するＣａ（ＯＨ）2 と石
炭灰のポゾラン反応による水和生成物が骨材内部の空隙
を充填することに加えて、蒸気養生との相乗効果によっ
て、極めて低吸水率、高密度、高強度の骨材とする。According to the present invention, in particular, the average particle size of coal ash is set to 12 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less to reduce the porosity between the powders during pressure molding or rolling granulation. By increasing the bulk density of the molded product to physically solidify the inside of the aggregate and increasing the surface area by refining the coal ash, it is generated by the hydration reaction of cement added as a binder and the hydration of cement. In addition to the hydration product of Ca (OH) 2 and the pozzolanic reaction of coal ash filling the voids inside the aggregate, it has an extremely low water absorption rate, high density and high strength due to the synergistic effect with steam curing. Use as aggregate.
【００１９】[0019]
（実施例１）石炭灰６０重量部に普通ポルトランドセメ
ント４０重量部を調合し、ディスク振動ミルで粉砕時間
を変えて混合粉砕して、異なる粉末度を有する７種類の
混合物を得た。各混合物１００重量部に対して１３重量
部の水を加えて調湿混練後、混練物を径３０ｍｍ×高さ
２０ｍｍの円柱形状に２０００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 の圧力で圧
縮成形した。成型物を２０℃、２４時間湿空後、６５℃
飽和蒸気で４８時間養生し、さらに２０℃、９６時間湿
空養生して非焼成型の骨材を得、各骨材の嵩密度、圧縮
強度、及び吸水率を測定した。結果を図１、２、及び３
に示す。図において、混合物の平均粒子径（５０％通過
径）が１２μｍ以下、好ましくは、１０μｍ以下におい
て、高嵩密度、高強度、低吸水率の骨材が得られた。(Example 1) 60 parts by weight of coal ash was mixed with 40 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, and mixed and ground by a disk vibration mill while changing the grinding time to obtain 7 kinds of mixtures having different fineness. After 13 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of each mixture and the mixture was subjected to humidity control kneading, the kneaded product was compression-molded into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 20 mm at a pressure of 2000 kg / cm 2 . Molded product at 20 ° C for 24 hours after being moistened, then at 65 ° C
It was aged with saturated steam for 48 hours, and further aged with wet air at 20 ° C. for 96 hours to obtain a non-firing type aggregate, and the bulk density, compressive strength, and water absorption of each aggregate were measured. The results are shown in FIGS.
Shown in In the figure, aggregates having a high bulk density, high strength and low water absorption were obtained when the average particle size (50% passage size) of the mixture was 12 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less.
【００２０】（実施例２）混合物の平均粒子径７μｍと
した以外は実施例１と同様に成形すると共に、比較例と
して、平均粒子径２４μｍの未粉砕のフライアッシュ原
粉を用いて同一条件で成形して非焼成型の骨材を得た。
結果を表１に示す。この発明の骨材は、高密度、高強
度、低吸水率の優れた骨材であるのに対し、比較例のそ
れはいずれも劣るものであった。(Example 2) The mixture was molded in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle size of the mixture was 7 μm, and as a comparative example, unmilled fly ash raw powder having an average particle size of 24 μm was used under the same conditions. It was molded to obtain a non-firing type aggregate.
Table 1 shows the results. The aggregate of the present invention was an excellent aggregate having high density, high strength and low water absorption, whereas all of the comparative examples were inferior.
【００２１】[0021]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２２】（実施例３）石炭灰６０重量部に普通ポル
トランドセメント４０重量部を調合し、ディスク振動ミ
ルで混合粉砕して、平均粒子径が７μｍの混合物とし
た。混合物１００重量部に対し１６．８重量部の水
（Ａ）、及び、混合物９１重量部に平均粒子径が１．９
μｍのシリカヒューム９重量部を調合した合計量に対し
１６．４重量部の水（Ｂ）、をそれぞれ加えて、１００
０ｍｍ径×２１０ｍｍ深さのパンペレタイザで造粒し、
１５〜２０ｍｍの成形物を得た。成形物を直ちに６５℃
飽和蒸気で４８時間養生し、さらに２０℃、９６時間湿
空養生して非焼成型の骨材を得、各骨材の嵩密度、圧潰
強度、及び吸水率を測定した。結果を表２に示す。尚、
表中Ｃは、市販の焼成型骨材（商品名；ＦＡライト）を
示す。(Example 3) 60 parts by weight of coal ash and 40 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement were mixed and mixed and pulverized by a disk vibration mill to obtain a mixture having an average particle diameter of 7 μm. 16.8 parts by weight of water (A) per 100 parts by weight of the mixture, and 91 parts by weight of the mixture have an average particle size of 1.9.
16.4 parts by weight of water (B) was added to the total amount of 9 parts by weight of silica fume having a particle diameter of 100 μm to obtain 100
Granulate with a 0 mm diameter x 210 mm deep pan pelletizer,
A molded product of 15 to 20 mm was obtained. Immediately mold the product at 65 ° C
It was aged with saturated steam for 48 hours, and further aged with wet air at 20 ° C. for 96 hours to obtain a non-firing type aggregate, and the bulk density, crush strength and water absorption rate of each aggregate were measured. Table 2 shows the results. still,
C in the table indicates a commercially available calcined aggregate (trade name: FA light).
【００２３】[0023]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、極めて低吸水率、高
密度、高強度の骨材で、天然砕石代替として、コンクリ
ート用骨材としては無論、アスファルト用の骨材、埋め
戻し材、路盤材、敷材等、各種の用途に大量に有効利用
することができ、石炭灰の再資源化に貢献するものであ
る。According to the present invention, an aggregate having extremely low water absorption, high density and high strength, of course, as an aggregate for concrete as a substitute for natural crushed stone, aggregate for asphalt, backfill material, roadbed It can be effectively used in large quantities for various purposes such as wood and flooring, and contributes to the recycling of coal ash.
【図１】平均粒子径と骨材の嵩密度の関係を示す図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between an average particle diameter and a bulk density of an aggregate.
【図２】平均粒子径と骨材の圧縮強度の関係を示す図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the average particle diameter and the compressive strength of aggregate.
【図３】平均粒子径と骨材の吸水率の関係を示す図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between an average particle diameter and a water absorption rate of an aggregate.
Claims (11)
形してなる非焼成型の人工骨材であって、石炭灰の平均
粒径を１２μｍ以下、好ましくは、１０μｍ以下とした
ことを特徴とする人工骨材。1. A non-firing type artificial aggregate formed by molding coal ash and cement as main components, wherein the average particle size of the coal ash is 12 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less. Artificial aggregate.
５０〜３０重量部であることを特徴とする請求項１記載
の人工骨材。2. The artificial aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the coal ash is 50 to 70 parts by weight and the cement is 50 to 30 parts by weight.
ｇ／ｃｍ2 以上、及び嵩密度が２．１以上であることを
特徴とする請求項１若しくは２記載の人工骨材。3. Water absorption of 5% or less, compressive strength of 800 k
The artificial aggregate according to claim 1 or 2, which has g / cm 2 or more and a bulk density of 2.1 or more.
び炭酸カルシウウムから選択される少なくとも１種をさ
らに含むことを特徴とする請求項１〜３いずれか記載の
人工骨材。4. The artificial aggregate according to claim 1, further comprising at least one selected from silica fume, gypsum, blast furnace slag, and calcium carbonate.
れに水を加えて成形、養生してなる非焼成型の人工骨材
の製造方法であって、石炭灰の平均粒径を１２μｍ以
下、好ましくは、１０μｍ以下としたことを特徴とする
人工骨材の製造方法。5. A method for producing a non-firing type artificial aggregate, which comprises coal ash and cement as main components and which is then molded and cured by adding water to the coal ash and has an average particle size of 12 μm or less, Preferably, the method for producing an artificial aggregate is characterized in that it is 10 μm or less.
５０〜３０重量部の合量１００重量部に水１０〜２０重
量部を加えることを特徴とする請求項４記載の人工骨材
の製造方法。6. The production of an artificial aggregate according to claim 4, wherein 10 to 20 parts by weight of water is added to 100 parts by weight of 50 to 70 parts by weight of coal ash and 50 to 30 parts by weight of cement. Method.
び炭酸カルシウウムから選択される少なくとも１種をさ
らに含むことを特徴とする請求項５若しくは６記載の人
工骨材の製造方法。7. The method for producing an artificial aggregate according to claim 5, further comprising at least one selected from silica fume, gypsum, blast furnace slag, and calcium carbonate.
ｃｍ2 の圧縮成形であることを特徴とする請求項５〜７
いずれか記載の人工骨材の製造方法。8. A molding pressure is 1000 to 2500 kg /
The compression molding of cm 2 is characterized in that
The method for producing an artificial aggregate according to any one of the above.
ることを特徴とする請求項５〜７いずれか記載の人工骨
材の製造方法。9. The method for producing an artificial aggregate according to claim 5, wherein the molding is rolling granulation using a pan granulator.
る請求項５〜９いずれか記載の人工骨材の製造方法。10. The method for producing an artificial aggregate according to claim 5, wherein the curing is steam curing.
の蒸気養生であることを特徴とする請求項１０記載の人
工骨材の製造方法。11. The method for producing an artificial aggregate according to claim 10, wherein the curing is steam curing at 40 to 100 ° C. for 24 hours or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18211195A JP3604462B2 (en) | 1995-06-26 | 1995-06-26 | Artificial aggregate and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18211195A JP3604462B2 (en) | 1995-06-26 | 1995-06-26 | Artificial aggregate and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0912349A true JPH0912349A (en) | 1997-01-14 |
| JP3604462B2 JP3604462B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
Family
ID=16112531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18211195A Expired - Fee Related JP3604462B2 (en) | 1995-06-26 | 1995-06-26 | Artificial aggregate and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3604462B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005154177A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Non-fired type solidified body and method of producing the same, and formed body using non-fired type solidified body and method of producing the same |
| JP2015067526A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-13 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Method for processing coal ash, and cured product of coal ash residue of the processed product |
| JP2018012973A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | 中国電力株式会社 | Production method of coal ash granulated material and improvement method of sea bed |
| JP2021155252A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-10-07 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Material for hydraulic cured bodies, method for producing material for hydraulic cured bodies, and method for producing cement cured body |
-
1995
- 1995-06-26 JP JP18211195A patent/JP3604462B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005154177A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Non-fired type solidified body and method of producing the same, and formed body using non-fired type solidified body and method of producing the same |
| JP4686121B2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2011-05-18 | 中部電力株式会社 | Non-baked solidified body and manufacturing method thereof, molded body using non-fired solidified body and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2015067526A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-13 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Method for processing coal ash, and cured product of coal ash residue of the processed product |
| JP2018012973A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | 中国電力株式会社 | Production method of coal ash granulated material and improvement method of sea bed |
| JP2021155252A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-10-07 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Material for hydraulic cured bodies, method for producing material for hydraulic cured bodies, and method for producing cement cured body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3604462B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
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