JPH09119602A - Steam load analyzing apparatus for boiler - Google Patents
Steam load analyzing apparatus for boilerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09119602A JPH09119602A JP23731496A JP23731496A JPH09119602A JP H09119602 A JPH09119602 A JP H09119602A JP 23731496 A JP23731496 A JP 23731496A JP 23731496 A JP23731496 A JP 23731496A JP H09119602 A JPH09119602 A JP H09119602A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- boiler
- pressure
- flow meter
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、ボイラー等の蒸
気発生装置における蒸気負荷分析装置に関するものであ
る。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steam load analyzer in a steam generator such as a boiler.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】工場，ビル，商店等では、加熱手段や暖
房手段として蒸気を使用するが、その蒸気発生装置とし
てボイラーを設置している。そして、ボイラーより発生
する蒸気の使用量を測定するための機器として蒸気流量
計があるが、ボイラー毎に蒸気流量計を配設していると
ころは一般に少なく、それは高価なため、或いは、なく
ても別段支障がないなどの理由による。通常、蒸気使用
量としては、１時間毎の給水流量及び燃料流量などの記
録から平均値を計算する。2. Description of the Related Art In factories, buildings, shops, etc., steam is used as heating means and heating means, and a boiler is installed as a steam generator. As a device for measuring the amount of steam generated from the boiler, there is a steam flow meter, but there are generally few places where a steam flow meter is provided for each boiler, and it is expensive or unnecessary. This is because there is no particular problem. Normally, the average value of the steam usage is calculated from the records of the water supply flow rate and the fuel flow rate every hour.
【０００３】ところが、蒸気使用量は図５に示すように
時間的に変動する。よって、ボイラーの増設、更新（入
れ替え）などに際し、瞬間蒸気使用量（最高蒸気使用
量）や時間的負荷変化傾向を知りたい場合、上述の平均
値による分析方法では正確な値が得られず、また、蒸気
流量計を追設したのでは、手間とコストがかかってしま
う。However, the amount of steam used fluctuates with time as shown in FIG. Therefore, when you want to know the instantaneous steam usage (maximum steam usage) or the temporal load change tendency when adding or updating (replacement) the boiler, etc., an accurate value cannot be obtained by the above-mentioned average value analysis method, Further, if a steam flow meter is additionally installed, it will take time and cost.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この発明は、上述の問
題点を解消し、蒸気流量計を用いることなく比較的正確
に蒸気使用量を出力可能なボイラー用蒸気負荷分析装置
を提供することを目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and provide a steam load analyzer for a boiler that can output the steam usage amount relatively accurately without using a steam flow meter. It is intended.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、上記の課題
を解決するためになされたものであって、ボイラー１に
対して接続した燃料供給ライン３の燃料流量を計測する
燃料流量計ＯＦと、前記ボイラー１の缶内圧力を測定す
る圧力センサー２と、前記燃料流量計ＯＦからの信号に
より蒸気使用量を演算する負荷分析器６とを設け、この
負荷分析器６は、前記圧力センサー２による蒸気圧力下
降検出時にこの圧力下降に対応する自己蒸発量を加算し
て蒸気使用量を計算し、蒸気圧力上昇検出時にこの圧力
上昇に対応するボイラー保有水量分のエンタルピー上昇
に必要な熱量に相当する蒸気量を差し引いて蒸気使用量
を計算することを特徴とするものである。The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and includes a fuel flow meter OF for measuring the fuel flow rate of a fuel supply line 3 connected to a boiler 1. A pressure sensor 2 for measuring the pressure inside the can of the boiler 1 and a load analyzer 6 for calculating the amount of steam used according to a signal from the fuel flow meter OF are provided, and the load analyzer 6 includes the pressure sensor 2 When the steam pressure drop is detected by, the amount of steam used is calculated by adding the self-evaporation amount corresponding to this pressure drop, and when the steam pressure rise is detected, it corresponds to the amount of heat required to increase the enthalpy of the boiler water holding amount corresponding to this pressure increase The feature is that the amount of steam used is calculated by subtracting the amount of steam used.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、この発明の好ましい実施例
を図面に基づいて説明する。図面において、ボイラー１
には缶内圧力を測定するための圧力センサー２を設けて
あり、また、ボイラー１には、燃料供給ライン３，給水
ライン４並びに蒸気ライン９を接続してある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawing, boiler 1
Is provided with a pressure sensor 2 for measuring the pressure inside the can, and the boiler 1 is connected to a fuel supply line 3, a water supply line 4, and a steam line 9.
【０００７】前記燃料供給ライン３中には、燃料流量計
ＯＦ，燃料供給ポンプＯＰ及び電磁開閉弁５を挿設し、
前記燃料流量計ＯＦには、燃料流量を信号に変換して負
荷分析器６に送るためのセンサー７を設けている。ま
た、前記給水ライン３中には、給水流量計ＷＦ，給水ポ
ンプＷＰ及び逆止弁８を挿設し、前記給水流量計ＷＦに
は、給水流量を信号に変換して負荷分析器６に送るため
のセンサー７を設けている。また、前記蒸気ライン９に
は、主蒸気弁１６を挿設している。In the fuel supply line 3, a fuel flow meter OF, a fuel supply pump OP, and an electromagnetic on-off valve 5 are inserted and installed.
The fuel flow meter OF is provided with a sensor 7 for converting the fuel flow rate into a signal and sending the signal to the load analyzer 6. Further, a feedwater flow meter WF, a feedwater pump WP, and a check valve 8 are inserted into the feedwater line 3, and the feedwater flowmeter WF converts a feedwater flow rate into a signal and sends it to the load analyzer 6. Sensor 7 is provided. A main steam valve 16 is inserted into the steam line 9.
【０００８】図中の破線は信号線を示し、圧力、燃料流
量及び給水流量の信号を受けた負荷分析器６は、それら
の値から負荷分析を行い、蒸気使用量やボイラー効率な
どを演算・記憶する。データの回収時間，サンプリング
回数・時間は予め適宜、設定しておく。The broken line in the figure indicates a signal line, and the load analyzer 6 which receives the signals of pressure, fuel flow rate and feed water flow rate performs load analysis from these values to calculate steam usage, boiler efficiency, etc. Remember. The data collection time, sampling frequency, and time should be set appropriately in advance.
【０００９】前記燃料流量計ＯＦ，並びに給水流量計Ｗ
Ｆは、回転積算型の流量計１０であって、通常ボイラー
１に既設されたものである。このような流量計１０への
センサー７の取り付けは、図２〜図４に示すようにして
行う。The fuel flow meter OF and the feed water flow meter W
F is a rotation integrating type flow meter 10 which is usually provided in the boiler 1. The attachment of the sensor 7 to the flow meter 10 is performed as shown in FIGS.
【００１０】すなわち、指針１１を有する流量計１０の
回転軸１７に円板１２を固着し、この円板の外縁近傍部
分には、１回転分を1/20〜1/100 程度に等分割した位置
に金属片或いは塗料片などの識別片１３を付着させてい
る。前記識別片１３として金属片を付着させる場合に
は、円板の材質は非金属性のものにする。そして前記識
別片１３に近接させて設けるセンサー７としては、光セ
ンサー或いは磁気センサー等を用いる。そして、センサ
ー７は、流量計１０に固定した固定部材１４に、止め具
１５を利用して取り付けてある。That is, the disk 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 17 of the flowmeter 10 having the pointer 11, and one rotation is equally divided into approximately 1/20 to 1/100 in the vicinity of the outer edge of the disk. An identification piece 13 such as a metal piece or a paint piece is attached to the position. When a metal piece is attached as the identification piece 13, the material of the disc is made of a non-metallic material. An optical sensor or a magnetic sensor is used as the sensor 7 provided in proximity to the identification piece 13. The sensor 7 is attached to a fixing member 14 fixed to the flow meter 10 using a stopper 15.
【００１１】以上のような構造により、サンプリング時
間当たり何個の識別片１３がセンサー７の前面を横切っ
たかを積算することにより、流量の微小な変化量を測定
することができる。With the above-described structure, a minute change in the flow rate can be measured by integrating how many identification pieces 13 cross the front surface of the sensor 7 per sampling time.
【００１２】尚、上記の実施例は、信号発信機能のない
流量計を用いる場合であるが、信号発信機能を有する流
量計は、その機能を利用すればよい。Although the above embodiment uses a flow meter without a signal transmission function, a flow meter with a signal transmission function may use that function.
【００１３】続いて、得られたデータをもとに、蒸気使
用量及びボイラー効率を算出する方法について説明す
る。まず、蒸気使用量の算出方法について説明するが、
これは蒸気圧力と燃料流量のデータに基づいて算出す
る。データのサンプリング時間は10sec 毎程度が適当で
ある。Next, a method for calculating the steam consumption and the boiler efficiency based on the obtained data will be described. First, the method of calculating the amount of steam used will be described.
This is calculated based on steam pressure and fuel flow data. It is appropriate that the data sampling time is about every 10 seconds.
【００１４】(1) 缶内蒸気圧力一定時：缶内蒸気圧力が
一定のときは、入熱分の熱量が全て蒸気発生に費やされ
ているので、缶内蒸気圧力： 5kg／cm2 Ｇ（飽和蒸気の
エンタルピー：657.99kcal/ kg，飽和水のエンタルピ
ー：159.559kcal/kg），ボイラー効率：90％，給水温
度：20度Ｃ（飽和水のエンタルピー20.03kcal/kg），燃
料流量：0.19リットル／10sec ，とすると、(1) When the steam pressure in the can is constant: When the steam pressure in the can is constant, the heat amount of the heat input is entirely consumed for steam generation, so the steam pressure in the can: 5 kg / cm 2 G (Enthalpy of saturated steam: 657.99 kcal / kg, enthalpy of saturated water: 159.559 kcal / kg), boiler efficiency: 90%, water temperature: 20 degrees C (enthalpy of saturated water 20.03 kcal / kg), fuel flow rate: 0.19 liters / 10sec,
【００１５】入熱量＝燃料流量×比重×燃料の発熱量＝
0.19×0.86×10200 ＝1667〔kcal〕Heat input = Fuel flow rate x Specific gravity x Fuel heat value =
0.19 x 0.86 x 10200 = 1667 (kcal)
【００１６】蒸気量＝入熱量×ボイラー効率÷エンタル
ピー増加分＝1667×0.90÷(657.99−20.03)＝2.35kgSteam amount = Heat input amount * Boiler efficiency ÷ Enthalpy increase = 1667 x 0.90 ÷ (657.99-20.03) = 2.35 kg
【００１７】(2) 缶内蒸気圧力下降時：缶内蒸気圧力が
下降しているときは、自己蒸発量分を加算する。サンプ
リング時間中に缶内圧力が5.4 →4.6 kg／cm2 Ｇになっ
た場合、缶内の保有水量を 200リットル、他の条件は上記の
ものと同様とすると、自己蒸発量＝χkg，缶内蒸気圧
力：5.4 kg／cm2 Ｇのとき、飽和蒸気のエンタルピー：
658.64kcal／kg，飽和水のエンタルピー：162.174kcal/
kg(2) When the vapor pressure in the can is decreasing: When the vapor pressure in the can is decreasing, the amount of self-evaporation is added. If the pressure in the can is changed from 5.4 to 4.6 kg / cm 2 G during the sampling time, the amount of water in the can is 200 liters, and the other conditions are the same as above. Steam pressure: At 5.4 kg / cm 2 G, enthalpy of saturated steam:
658.64kcal / kg, enthalpy of saturated water: 162.174kcal /
kg
【００１８】缶内蒸気圧力：4.6 kg／cm2 Ｇのとき、飽
和蒸気のエンタルピー：657.28kcal／kg，飽和水のエン
タルピー：156.810kcal/kg，When the steam pressure in the can: 4.6 kg / cm 2 G, the enthalpy of saturated steam: 657.28 kcal / kg, the enthalpy of saturated water: 156.810 kcal / kg,
【００１９】（200 −χ）×156.810 ＋χ×657.99＝16
2.174 ×200 ，これを解くと、χ＝2.14kgとなり，よっ
て蒸気量の総和は2.35＋2.14＝4.49kgとなる。(200−χ) × 156.810 + χ × 657.99 = 16
2.174 × 200, which solves χ = 2.14 kg, so the total steam amount is 2.35 + 2.14 = 4.49 kg.
【００２０】(3) 缶内蒸気圧力上昇時：缶内蒸気圧力が
上昇しているときは、ボイラーの保有水量分のエンタル
ピー上昇に必要な熱量を差し引いて計算する。サンプリ
ング時間中に缶内圧力が4.6 →5.4 kg／cm2 Ｇになった
場合、他の条件は上記のものと同様とすると、（162.17
4 −156.810)×200 ＝1072.8kcal，1072.8÷657.99＝1.
63kg，よって蒸気量は2.35−1.63＝0.72kgとなる。(3) When the steam pressure in the can rises: When the steam pressure in the can rises, the calorie is calculated by subtracting the amount of heat required to increase the enthalpy of the water content of the boiler. If the pressure in the can is changed from 4.6 to 5.4 kg / cm 2 G during the sampling time, the other conditions are the same as those described above (162.17
4 −156.810) × 200 = 1072.8kcal, 1072.8 ÷ 657.99 = 1.
63 kg, so the steam amount is 2.35-1.63 = 0.72 kg.
【００２１】以上のようにして蒸気使用量は算出する
が、ボイラーの種類、運転条件などを考慮して、適宜、
補正係数を用いる。The amount of steam used is calculated as described above. However, considering the type of boiler, operating conditions, etc.
Use the correction coefficient.
【００２２】次に、ボイラー効率の算出方法について説
明するが、これは燃料流量と給水流量のデータに基づい
て算出する。データのサンプリング時間は蒸気使用量の
ときより長く、１時間或いは１日毎のデータでも良い。
ボイラー効率η＝（出熱量÷入熱量）×100 ％，入熱量
＝燃料の発熱量＝10200kcal/kg，出熱量＝発生蒸気量×
発生蒸気の保有熱，発生蒸気量＝給水量÷燃料使用量＝
852 kg÷58.7kg＝14.51 kg／kg，発生蒸気の保有熱（平
均蒸気圧５kg／cm2 Ｇ，乾き度0.99）＝（0.99×657.99
＋0.01×159.559)−20.030＝632.976kcal/kgNext, a method of calculating the boiler efficiency will be described, which is calculated based on the data of the fuel flow rate and the feed water flow rate. The data sampling time is longer than that of the amount of steam used, and may be one hour or one day.
Boiler efficiency η = (heat output / heat input) x 100%, heat input = fuel heating = 10200 kcal / kg, heat output = generated steam x
Retained heat of generated steam, generated steam amount = water supply amount 給 fuel consumption amount =
852 kg ÷ 58.7 kg = 14.51 kg / kg, retained heat of generated steam (average vapor pressure 5 kg / cm 2 G, dryness 0.99) = (0.99 x 657.99)
+0.01 x 159.559) -20.030 = 632.976kcal / kg
【００２３】∴η＝(14.51×632.976)÷ 10200×100 ＝
90.0％となる。∴η = (14.51 × 632.976) ÷ 10200 × 100 =
90.0%.
【００２４】上述のようにして得られたデータは、負荷
分析器に記憶させておき、必要に応じて出力、確認し、
またそのデータをもとに、より詳細な分析を試みる。The data obtained as described above is stored in a load analyzer, and output and confirmed as necessary.
In addition, based on the data, we will try a more detailed analysis.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】上述の如く構成される本発明によれば、
蒸気流量計を用いることなく蒸気使用量を分析でき、し
かも蒸気圧力の変化を考慮して蒸気使用量を正確に出力
できる。又、既設のボイラーの燃料流量計の信号を利用
して容易に対応可能である等効果が大きい。According to the present invention configured as described above,
The amount of steam used can be analyzed without using a steam flow meter, and the amount of steam used can be accurately output in consideration of changes in steam pressure. In addition, there is a great effect that it is possible to easily cope with the signal of the fuel flow meter of the existing boiler.
【図１】図はこの発明の実施例のシステムを示した概略
説明図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図はこの発明の実施例における既設流量計のセ
ンサー取付け構造を示した斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a sensor mounting structure of an existing flow meter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】図は図２の円板の平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view of the disc of FIG.
【図４】図は図２の一部縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view of FIG.
【図５】図は蒸気負荷の時間的変動を示すグラフを示す
図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a graph showing a temporal variation of a steam load.
１ ボイラー ２ 圧力センサー ３ 燃料供給ライン ４ 給水ライン ６ 負荷分析器 ７ センサー ９ 蒸気ライン ＯＦ 燃料流量計 1 Boiler 2 Pressure sensor 3 Fuel supply line 4 Water supply line 6 Load analyzer 7 Sensor 9 Steam line OF Fuel flow meter
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 名本 哲二 愛媛県松山市堀江町７番地 三浦工業株式 会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuji Namoto 7 Horie Town, Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture Miura Industry Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
イン３の燃料流量を計測する燃料流量計ＯＦと、前記ボ
イラー１の缶内圧力を測定する圧力センサー２と、前記
燃料流量計ＯＦからの信号により蒸気使用量を演算する
負荷分析器６とを設け、この負荷分析器６は、前記圧力
センサー２による蒸気圧力下降検出時にこの圧力下降に
対応する自己蒸発量を加算して蒸気使用量を計算し、蒸
気圧力上昇検出時にこの圧力上昇に対応するボイラー保
有水量分のエンタルピー上昇に必要な熱量に相当する蒸
気量を差し引いて蒸気使用量を計算することを特徴とす
るボイラー用蒸気負荷分析装置。1. A fuel flow meter OF for measuring a fuel flow rate of a fuel supply line 3 connected to a boiler 1, a pressure sensor 2 for measuring an internal pressure of a boiler of the boiler 1, and a fuel flow meter OF from the fuel flow meter OF. A load analyzer 6 for calculating the amount of steam used by the signal is provided, and this load analyzer 6 adds the self-evaporation amount corresponding to this pressure decrease when the pressure decrease of the steam is detected by the pressure sensor 2 to calculate the amount of steam used. When detecting a steam pressure rise, the steam load analyzer for the boiler is characterized in that the steam usage amount is calculated by subtracting the steam amount corresponding to the heat amount required to increase the enthalpy of the boiler-holding water amount corresponding to this pressure increase. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8237314A JP2737753B2 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Steam load analyzer for boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8237314A JP2737753B2 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Steam load analyzer for boiler |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31151987A Division JPH0788928B2 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Steam load analyzer for boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09119602A true JPH09119602A (en) | 1997-05-06 |
| JP2737753B2 JP2737753B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
Family
ID=17013539
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8237314A Expired - Lifetime JP2737753B2 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Steam load analyzer for boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2737753B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002079695A3 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2003-02-06 | Autoflame Eng Ltd | Pressurised steam boilers and their control |
| EP1347235A1 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-09-24 | Babcock Borsig Power Systems GmbH | Method and arrangement for determining the amount of steam |
| KR20130034586A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-05 | 미우라고교 가부시키카이샤 | Boiler steam amount measuring method, boiler load analyzing method, boiler steam amount measuring apparatus, and boiler load analyzing apparatus |
| CN105042558A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | 司徒柏鸿 | Fast steam machine using fuel gas |
-
1996
- 1996-08-19 JP JP8237314A patent/JP2737753B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002079695A3 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2003-02-06 | Autoflame Eng Ltd | Pressurised steam boilers and their control |
| US7249573B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2007-07-31 | Autoflame Engineering Ltd. | Pressurized steam boilers and their control |
| EP1347235A1 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-09-24 | Babcock Borsig Power Systems GmbH | Method and arrangement for determining the amount of steam |
| KR20130034586A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-05 | 미우라고교 가부시키카이샤 | Boiler steam amount measuring method, boiler load analyzing method, boiler steam amount measuring apparatus, and boiler load analyzing apparatus |
| CN103032866A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-10 | 三浦工业株式会社 | Boiler steam amount measuring method, boiler load analyzing method, boiler steam amount measuring apparatus, and boiler load analyzing apparatus |
| JP2013072602A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-22 | Miura Co Ltd | Boiler steam amount measuring method, boiler load analyzing method, boiler steam amount measuring apparatus, and boiler load analyzing apparatus |
| US9127835B2 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2015-09-08 | Miura Co., Ltd. | Boiler steam amount measuring method, boiler load analyzing method, boiler steam amount measuring apparatus, and boiler load analyzing apparatus |
| CN103032866B (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2015-10-28 | 三浦工业株式会社 | The quantity of steam measuring and calculating device of the quantity of steam measuring method of boiler and Load Analytic Method, boiler and load Analysis device |
| CN105042558A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | 司徒柏鸿 | Fast steam machine using fuel gas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2737753B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
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