JP5683148B2 - Steam load analyzer for boiler - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a boiler steam load analyzer that calculates the amount of steam used in a boiler.

  In factories and buildings, the steam generated in the boiler is used as a heating or heating means. The operation status of the boiler is generally called a heat management device, such as a steam flow meter, fuel flow meter, feed water flow meter, blow flow meter. It is grasped by reading each numerical value from etc. and recording it. These devices are installed in energy management designated factories such as an energy center that supplies steam and hot water, and it is possible to ascertain the exact operating status. However, since steam flow meters are expensive, general factories and hotels Or it is often not installed in private stores, etc., and each numerical value cannot be read from a steam flow meter or the like. In addition, since the operating conditions that change from moment to moment cannot be recorded by hand, the average value of steam consumption is calculated from the data by recording the water supply flow rate, fuel flow rate, etc. every hour.

  When adding or renewing a boiler, you may want to know the maximum steam usage and temporal load fluctuations, but the method of calculating the average value of steam usage from the hourly feed water flow rate and fuel flow rate is the best. Accurate values such as steam consumption and temporal load fluctuations cannot be obtained.

  Patent Document 1 describes a steam load analyzer for a boiler that outputs the amount of steam used without using a steam flow meter. This steam load analyzer for boilers uses a fuel flow meter that measures the fuel flow rate of a fuel supply line connected to the boiler, a pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the boiler can, and a steam usage based on a signal from the fuel flow meter. And a load analyzer for calculating.

  A rotation integrating type is used as a fuel flow meter inserted in the fuel supply line, and a disk is attached to the rotation shaft of the fuel flow meter. In the vicinity of the outer edge of this disc, there is an identification piece that equally divides one revolution into 1/20 to 1/100, and the number of identification pieces that cross the sensor is integrated during the sampling time. The change in flow rate is measured.

  The boiler steam load analyzer calculates the steam usage by adding the amount of self-evaporation corresponding to the pressure drop when the pressure sensor detects the steam pressure drop, and when the pressure sensor detects the steam pressure rise, The steam consumption is calculated by subtracting the amount of steam corresponding to the amount of heat necessary to increase the enthalpy for the amount of water held in the boiler corresponding to the increase. The amount of steam used is calculated based on fuel flow rate and steam pressure data.

JP-A-9-119602

  In the steam load analyzer for a boiler described in Patent Document 1, in order to measure the amount of change in the fuel flow rate, a disc having an identification piece is attached to the rotating shaft of the fuel flow meter, and in addition, in proximity to the identification piece Although a photoelectric sensor or the like is installed, these devices must be installed in a state where the operation of the boiler is stopped, and there is a problem that work for installing the steam load analyzer for the boiler takes time and costs are increased.

  An object of the present invention is to solve such problems, and provide a steam load analyzer for a boiler that can be easily installed in a short time and can output the amount of steam used without using a steam flow meter. It is to be.

In order to solve this problem, the steam load analyzer for a boiler according to the present invention detects a current value supplied by being sandwiched between electric wirings of a drive motor of a combustion fan that feeds air into a boiler can and burns fuel. A combustion fan tester, a pressure sensor that is screwed into the air vent valve of the boiler can and detects the pressure in the boiler can, and a current value and a pressure sensor of the combustion fan drive motor detected by the combustion fan tester Diagnostic means for calculating the amount of steam used by the boiler based on the detected pressure in the boiler can. The combustion fan tester may it tester der clamp type for detecting the current value by sandwiching the electric wiring for supplying electric power to the drive motor of the combustion fan. Further, a pressure sensor, may it der to be attached to the air bleed valve of the boiler.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of steam used can be output without using a steam flow meter, and the electric wiring of the drive motor for the combustion fan that feeds air into the boiler can is measured with a clamp type tester. The current value supplied to the combustion fan is detected, and the pressure in the boiler can be detected by attaching a pressure sensor to the air vent valve that lowers the internal pressure of the boiler when the boiler is stopped. The boiler steam load analyzer can be easily installed in a short time.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of the system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a steam load analyzer 1. FIG. It is an external view which shows the attachment state of the pressure sensor 3. FIG. It is an external view which shows the attachment state of the fan clamp meter 4 for combustion. It is an external view which shows the attachment state of the clamp meter 5 for combustion signals. It is a figure which shows the analysis result by the diagnostic apparatus.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the steam load analyzer 1 for a boiler. The boiler steam load analyzer 1 includes a diagnostic device 2 that is a diagnostic means, a pressure sensor 3, a combustion fan clamp meter 4 that is a combustion fan tester, and a combustion signal clamp meter 5. The pressure sensor 3, the combustion fan clamp meter 4 and the combustion signal clamp meter 5 are each connected to the diagnostic device 2 by a signal line 18. A fuel supply line 7, a water supply line 8, and a steam line 9 are connected to the boiler 6, and a burner 11 for burning the fuel supplied from the fuel supply line 7 and a boiler 6 stop are further connected to the main body of the boiler 6. An air vent valve 10 that is sometimes opened to lower the internal pressure of the boiler 6 is provided, and a fuel solenoid valve 13 that controls the fuel flow rate is provided in the fuel supply line 7.

  FIG. 3 is an external view showing the attached state of the pressure sensor 3. For example, KH-15 manufactured by Nagano Keiki Co., Ltd. is used as the pressure sensor 3 and detects the pressure in the boiler of the boiler 6. When the maximum operating pressure of the boiler 6 is less than 0.98 MPa, the pressure sensor 3 is screwed and connected to the air vent valve 10 via the copper pipe 17. Thus, the pressure sensor 3 can be easily attached to the air vent valve 10 in the closed state while the boiler 6 is operating. Although not shown in the drawings, when the maximum operating pressure is 0.98 MPa or more, the pressure sensor 3 may be flange-connected to the air vent valve 10 via the copper pipe 17 by a boiler. The measurement range of the pressure sensor 3 is 0 to 2 MPa.

  FIG. 4 is an external view showing how the combustion fan clamp meter 4 is attached. As the combustion fan clamp meter 4, for example, a clamp meter 3283 type manufactured by Hioki Electric Co., Ltd. is used. The burner 11 is provided with a combustion fan 12 for sending air into the can of the boiler 6, and the combustion fan clamp meter 4 sandwiches an electrical wiring 14 for a drive motor of the combustion fan 12. For example, the electric wiring 14 of the combustion fan 12 installed in the boiler control panel 15 is sandwiched, and the current value supplied to the combustion fan 12 can be easily measured.

  FIG. 5 is an external view showing a state in which the combustion signal clamp meter 5 is attached. As the combustion signal clamp meter 5, for example, a clamp meter 3283 manufactured by Hioki Electric Co., Ltd. is used in the same manner as the combustion fan clamp meter 4. The combustion signal clamp meter 5 sandwiches the electric wiring 16 of the fuel solenoid valve 13. For example, the electric wiring 16 of the fuel solenoid valve 13 installed in the boiler control panel 15 is sandwiched, and the current value supplied to the fuel solenoid valve 13 can be easily measured. Thereby, it can be confirmed that the solenoid valve 13 for fuel is open and the boiler 6 is in a combustion state.

  Next, a method of calculating the amount of steam used based on the pressure data in the boiler can obtained from the pressure sensor 3 and the data on the current value supplied to the combustion fan 12 obtained from the combustion fan clamp meter 4 Will be described. The data sampling time is every 5 seconds.

When the pressure in the can of the boiler 6 is constant, all of the heat amount entering the boiler 6 is consumed to generate steam, so that the burner evaporation amount can be used as the amount of steam used.
Burner evaporation (kg / h) = (load factor (%) × converted evaporation (kg / h) × 100 ° C. steam enthalpy (kcal / kg)) ÷ (steam enthalpy (kcal / kg) −water supply enthalpy (kcal) / Kg))
here,
Load factor (%) = 1- (1- (Measured current value (A) / Rated current value (A) -0.4) /0.6) / Load correction factor The measured current value and rated current value are for combustion. The measured current value and the rated current value of the fan 12. The amount of burner evaporation is proportional to the amount of excess air supplied into the boiler of the boiler 6, and the amount of excess air is proportional to the current value of the drive motor of the combustion fan 12, so the current of the combustion fan 12 that feeds in excess air. The burner evaporation amount can be calculated using the value. The load correction factor is a value that is changed according to the minimum combustion amount for each boiler 6, and is normally 0.9.

When the pressure in the boiler of the boiler 6 fluctuates, the amount of steam used is an evaporation amount obtained by adding the self-evaporation amount to the burner evaporation amount.
Self-evaporation (kg / h) = (saturated water enthalpy (kcal / kg) −saturated water enthalpy (kcal / kg) after 5 seconds) × retained water amount (m ³ ) ÷ specific volume (m ³ / kg)) ÷ ((Steam enthalpy (kcal / kg) −saturated water enthalpy after 5 seconds (kcal / kg)) ÷ saturated water enthalpy after 2-5 seconds (kcal / kg)) × 60 × 12
Steam used (kg / h) = Self-evaporation (kg / h) + Burner evaporation (kg / h)
Average evaporation amount (kg / h) = average value of steam used (kg / h) for 15 minutes before and after the measurement point The diagnostic device 2 uses the current value data of the combustion fan 12 and the internal pressure data of the boiler 6. Based on the above, the amount of steam used is calculated every 5 seconds, and the average amount of evaporation is calculated based on the amount of steam used for 15 minutes before and after the measurement time.

たとえば表１に示すように、炉筒１号，炉筒２号，貫流１号〜貫流３号の５基の蒸気ボイラが用いられる。１号ボイラと２号ボイラとは炉筒煙管ボイラであり、３号ボイラ〜５号ボイラは貫流ボイラである。１号ボイラ〜５号ボイラの最高使用圧力は、０．９８ＭＰａであり、常用圧力は、０・４９ＭＰａ〜０．５９ＭＰａである。燃料としてＡ重油が使用される。

For example, as shown in Table 1, five steam boilers, furnace tube No. 1, furnace tube No. 2, and once-through No. 1 to once-through No. 3, are used. The No. 1 boiler and the No. 2 boiler are furnace-tube smoke tube boilers, and the No. 3 to No. 5 boilers are once-through boilers. The maximum working pressure of No. 1 boiler to No. 5 boiler is 0.98 MPa, and the normal pressure is 0.49 MPa to 0.59 MPa. A heavy oil is used as fuel.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an analysis result by the diagnostic device 2. Data collection is performed for 9 days, and FIG. 6 shows a part of the analysis result by the diagnostic device 2 on the sixth day from the start of data collection. L1 in the figure indicates the total evaporation amount including the amount of steam used for each of the No. 1 boiler to No. 5 boiler, and L2 indicates the total evaporation including the amount of each steam used for the No. 1 boiler to No. 5 boiler. The average value of the amount for 15 minutes before and after is shown. L2 is a gentle curve. L3, L4, L5, L6 and L7 are the pressures in the cans of the No. 1 boiler to the No. 5 boiler detected by the pressure sensor 3. 9214 kg / h output between 7:20 and 7:30 was the maximum as the average value of the total evaporation amount including the used steam amount of each boiler shown in L2.

分析結果を表２に示す。上述するように各ボイラの使用蒸気量を加えたトータル蒸発量の平均値の最大値は９２１４ｋｇ／ｈであり、測定期間中の各ボイラの使用蒸気量を加えたトータル蒸発量の平均値は５０３６ｋｇ／ｈであった。なお、測定期間中の負荷率の平均値である平均負荷率は３９％であり、測定期間中の入出熱法によるボイラ効率は８４％であった。

The analysis results are shown in Table 2. As described above, the maximum value of the total evaporation amount including the used steam amount of each boiler is 9214 kg / h, and the average value of the total evaporation amount including the used steam amount of each boiler during the measurement period is 5036 kg. / H. The average load factor, which is the average value of the load factors during the measurement period, was 39%, and the boiler efficiency by the heat input / output method during the measurement period was 84%.

  Thus, the combustion fan clamp meter that detects the current value supplied to the drive motor of the combustion fan 12 by sandwiching the electrical wiring of the drive motor of the combustion fan 12 that sends air into the can of the boiler 6 and burns the fuel. 4, a pressure sensor 3 that is screwed into an air vent valve 10 that lowers the internal pressure of the boiler 6 when the boiler 6 is stopped, detects the pressure in the boiler of the boiler 6, and a combustion fan 12 detected by the combustion fan clamp meter 4. Since it has a diagnostic device 2 which is a diagnostic means for calculating the amount of steam used based on the current value and the pressure in the boiler 3 can detected by the pressure sensor 3, the steam load analyzer 1 can be used without stopping the operation of the boiler. The combustion fan 1 can be easily installed in a short time, and the electric wiring of the combustion fan 12 for sending air into the boiler 6 can be sandwiched between the combustion fan clamp meter 4. The pressure value in the can of the boiler 6 is detected by screwing the pressure sensor 3 to the air vent valve 10 to output the amount of steam used without using a steam flow meter. it can.

  Note that the difference in the structure of the boiler 6 does not matter when calculating the amount of steam used. The steam consumption can be calculated by changing the load correction factor in any structure such as a flue tube boiler, a water tube boiler, or a once-through boiler. The data sampling time is set every 5 seconds, but is not limited to this and may be other than every 5 seconds.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steam load analyzer 2 Diagnosis apparatus 3 Pressure sensor 4 Combustion fan clamp meter 5 Combustion signal clamp meter 6 Boiler 7 Fuel supply line 8 Water supply line 9 Steam line 10 Air vent valve 11 Burner 12 Combustion fan 13 Fuel solenoid valve 14, 16 Electrical wiring 15 Boiler control panel 17 Copper pipe 18 Signal line

Claims (4)

A combustion fan tester for detecting a current value sandwiched between electric wirings of a drive motor of a combustion fan that sends air into a boiler can and burns fuel; and
A pressure sensor that is screwed into the air vent valve of the boiler can and detects the pressure in the boiler can;
A boiler steam load analyzer comprising: diagnostic means for calculating the amount of steam used by a boiler based on a current value of a drive motor for a combustion fan detected by a combustion fan tester and a pressure in a boiler can detected by a pressure sensor. 2. The steam load analysis for a boiler according to claim 1, wherein the combustion fan tester is a clamp type tester that detects an electric current value by sandwiching an electric wiring for supplying electric power to a drive motor of the combustion fan. apparatus. The steam load analyzer for boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure sensor is attached to an air vent valve of the boiler. When the boiler internal pressure is constant, the amount of steam used in the boiler is calculated using the burner evaporation amount.When the boiler internal pressure fluctuates, the self-evaporation amount is added to the burner evaporation amount. It performs, The steam load analyzer for boilers of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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