JPH09112269A - Engine cooling device and construction equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a fan efficiency by reducing loss due to a speed component in a turning direction in the cooling blow of a centrifugal fan. SOLUTION: Cooling blow enters an engine room 1 from the outside of the engine room 1 through an cooling air intake 7 and passes through a heat exchanger such as an intercooler 6a, an oil cooler 6b and a radiator 6C and then is throttled by a suction pipe 8a and enters a centrifugal fan 4. High speed cooling blow is given by a centrifugal force of the blades of the centrifugal fan 4 rotating around a shaft a speed component in a turning direction which turns in a circumferential direction in the outer circumferential region of the radial direction of the fan outlet and a nose 12 made in the outer circumferential region guides the cooling blow in an axial direction while blocking it in a circumferential direction and reduces a speed component in a turning direction to prevent turning, thereby recovering static pressure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine cooling device, for example, an engine cooling device mounted on an automobile or a construction machine, and a construction machine using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a known technique relating to this type of engine cooling device, there is, for example, the following. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-248239 This known technique is intended to improve cooling performance by using a centrifugal fan as a fan for supplying cooling air in an engine cooling portion of a work vehicle such as a tractor.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned known techniques have the following problems. That is,
There is a problem that it is difficult to improve the fan efficiency because all the components in the swirling direction of the cooling air blown out from the centrifugal fan are lost as they are.

An object of the present invention is to provide an engine cooling device which can reduce the loss of the cooling air from the fan due to the component in the turning direction and improve the fan efficiency.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, at least one heat is provided in an engine compartment in which an engine is installed and which includes a radiator for cooling cooling water of the engine. In an engine cooling device having an exchanger and one of a centrifugal fan and a mixed flow fan that guide cooling air for cooling the heat exchanger, the engine cooling device is provided in a substantially radial outer peripheral region of one of the fan outlets. An engine cooling device is provided, which is provided with an induction member that guides the cooling air flow from the fan in the axial direction while blocking the flow of the cooling air in the circumferential direction. Preferably,
In the engine cooling device, there is provided the engine cooling device, wherein the guide member has one side facing the fan outlet and the other side fixed to the engine compartment. That is, when the centrifugal fan or the mixed flow fan rotates to guide the cooling air for cooling the heat exchanger, the cooling air sucked from the inlet of the fan central portion is blown out from the outlet of the fan outer peripheral portion after being pressurized. . Immediately after being blown out, the high-speed cooling air has a swirling direction component that swirls in the circumferential direction in the substantially radial outer peripheral region of the fan outlet due to the centrifugal force of the impeller rotating about the axis.
Here, in the present invention, in this outer peripheral region, for example, a guide member having one side facing the fan outlet and the other side fixed to the engine chamber is provided to axially block the cooling air flow in the circumferential direction. Induce. As a result, the swirling direction component of the cooling air flow can be decelerated and the static pressure can be recovered.
The loss due to the component in the turning direction can be reduced as compared with the conventional case in which all the losses are generated, and the fan efficiency can be improved.

Further preferably, in the engine cooling device, the guide member is arranged such that a surface on which the cooling air strikes is inclined rearward in the axial direction of one of the fans. An engine cooling system is provided. Thereby, the cooling air can be smoothly and promptly guided to the downstream side of the cooling flow path. Further, by selecting the installation position and the inclination angle of the guide member so that the cooling air is guided to the position with less resistance, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss of the cooling system. Furthermore, the installation position and the inclination angle of the guide member can be appropriately selected so that the cooling air can be intensively introduced locally to a portion to be particularly cooled, for example, an oil pan.

Further preferably, in the engine cooling device, a distance between a fan outer diameter in the outer peripheral region and a cooling wind passage outer peripheral side wall surface which is arranged so as to face the fan outer diameter in a substantially radial direction is the guide member. Provided is an engine cooling device which is substantially enlarged from the vicinity in the fan rotation direction. That is, for example, when the engine room is viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, the fan is arranged eccentrically rather than in the center of this cross section, and the fan outer diameter forming the cooling air passage and the engine room facing it are arranged. The distance from the wall surface is expanded substantially in the fan rotation direction. As a result, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the swirling direction component of the high-speed cooling air blown out from the fan gradually expands and the swirling direction component is gently decelerated, so that the static pressure can be collected more reliably and efficiently, and the loss can be reduced. However, the fan efficiency can be improved.

More preferably, in the engine cooling device, the engine cooling device is provided, wherein the outer peripheral wall surface of the cooling air passage is a wall surface of the engine chamber.

Further preferably, in the engine cooling device, the cooling air passage outer peripheral side wall surface includes at least one first cooling air guiding wall provided in the engine chamber. Provided.
With this, by appropriately selecting the installation position and the number of the first cooling air guide walls, the cooling air passage in the outer peripheral region can be expanded more smoothly, so that the static pressure recovery by the deceleration of the cooling air can be further improved. It can be done efficiently with little loss.

Further preferably, in the engine cooling device, a surface on which the cooling air strikes is located near the position where the distance between the outer diameter of the fan and the outer peripheral wall surface of the cooling air passage is the maximum, and the surface of the fan on which the cooling air strikes has a shaft. An engine cooling device is provided, which is provided with a second cooling air guide wall installed so as to be inclined rearward in the direction. This allows
The cooling air can be smoothly and promptly guided to the downstream side of the cooling flow passage. Further, by selecting the installation position and the inclination angle of the second cooling air guide wall so that the cooling air is guided to the position with less resistance, the pressure loss of the cooling system can be reduced. Further, by appropriately selecting the installation position and the inclination angle of the second cooling air guide wall, it is possible to concentrate the cooling air locally to a place to be particularly cooled, for example, to an oil pan.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, an engine provided in an engine compartment, a hydraulic pump driven by this engine, and a hydraulic oil discharged from this hydraulic pump are driven. An engine cooling device including an actuator, at least one heat exchanger including a radiator that cools the cooling water of the engine, and one of a centrifugal fan and a mixed flow fan that guide cooling air that cools the heat exchanger. In the construction machine having the above, the engine cooling device is provided in a substantially radial outer peripheral region of the one of the fan outlets, and guides the cooling air flow from the fan in the axial direction while blocking the cooling air flow in the circumferential direction. There is provided a construction machine including a guide member.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is an embodiment of an engine cooling device provided in an engine room of a hydraulic excavator, for example. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a schematic structure of an engine room of a hydraulic excavator to which this embodiment is applied. FIG.
In, the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment is provided in the engine compartment 1 in which the engine 5 is installed,
The intercooler 6a for precooling the combustion air to the engine 5, the oil cooler 6b for cooling the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic excavator, the radiator 6c for cooling the cooling water of the engine 5, and the power from the crankshaft 2 of the engine 5 are transmitted. A centrifugal fan 4 driven by a fan belt 3
A suction pipe 8 provided between the radiator 6c and the centrifugal fan 4 for guiding cooling air to the suction side of the centrifugal fan 4;
It is a plate-like member provided in the radial outer peripheral region of the outlet of the centrifugal fan 4, and is mainly composed of a nose 12 (which will be described later) that plays a role of suppressing a swirling flow. This nose 12
Is arranged such that one end thereof is fixedly held on the wall surface of the engine room 1 and the other end faces the centrifugal fan 4 with a slight gap. A cooling air intake 7 for taking in outside air and an exhaust port 9 for exhausting air are provided on the upper and lower wall surfaces of the engine room 1, and the suction pipe 8 is also provided.
Are fixed to the wall surface of the engine room 1 via a shield plate 11.

In the engine cooling device having the above-mentioned structure, the cooling air from the outside of the engine room 1 enters the engine room 1 through the cooling air intake 7, and the intercooler 6a.
After passing through the oil cooler 6b and the radiator 6c, the oil is cooled by the suction pipe 8 and enters the centrifugal fan 4. Thereafter, the cooling air blown from the outlet of the centrifugal fan 4 in the outer peripheral direction cools them while flowing around the engine 5 and the oil pan 10, and is exhausted from the cooling air exhaust port 9 to the outside of the engine room 1.

At this time, a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 showing the state of the cooling air flow blown from the outlet of the centrifugal fan 4 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the high-speed cooling air blown from the outlet of the outer peripheral portion of the centrifugal fan 4 swirls in the substantially radial outer peripheral region of the fan outlet in the circumferential direction by the centrifugal force of the blades 4a of the centrifugal fan 4 rotating around the axis. A turning direction component (shown by an arrow in FIG. 2) that flows as a result is generated.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the velocity triangle of the cooling air at the outlet of the centrifugal fan 4 having such behavior. In FIG. 3, the cooling air (absolute speed c ₂ ) blown from the outlet of the centrifugal fan 4 rotating at the peripheral speed u ₂ has a very large swirling direction component (= circumferential direction component) c _u2 . Therefore,
If such a circumferential component is left as it is and the cooling air is swirled in the fan outer peripheral region, the swirl component c _u2
The large kinetic energy of is lost without being used, and the fan efficiency does not increase.

Here, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the nose 12 provided in this outer peripheral region axially blocks the cooling air flow in the axial direction (in FIG. 2). In this case, since it is guided in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface), the turning direction component c _u2 is decelerated to suppress the turning, whereby the static pressure can be recovered. Therefore, the loss due to the turning direction component c _u2 can be reduced as compared with the conventional case in which all the turning direction components c _u2 are losses, and the fan efficiency can be improved. Further, the centrifugal fan 4 can be increased in air volume and pressure, and the rotational speed can be reduced, so that noise can be reduced. Therefore, even when the heat exchangers 6a to 6c to be cooled are newly added, or when the engine room 1 is further sealed and compacted, the cooling system by these does not increase. Cooling air can be supplied to overcome the pressure loss increase.

Although the nose 12 is installed in the lower left portion of FIG. 2 in the above embodiment, the invention is not limited to this.
That is, as long as one end is fixedly held on the wall surface of the engine room 1 and the other end is arranged so as to face the centrifugal fan 4 with a slight gap, it may be provided in another portion of the slot 2. Similar effects are obtained in these cases as well. Further, in the above embodiment, only one nose 12 is provided, but the present invention is not limited to this, and two or more noses 12 may be provided depending on the shape of the flow path and the state of the flow field. Similar effects are obtained in these cases as well.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is an embodiment in which the method of installing the nose is changed from that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Members equivalent to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the engine compartment 1 in which the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment is installed. In FIG. 4, the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a nose 212 is used.
That is, the surface on which the cooling air hits is arranged so as to incline downward toward the rear (right side in the drawing) of the centrifugal fan 4. Other structures are almost the same as those in FIG.

Also according to this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition to that, the cooling air can be smoothly and promptly guided to the downstream side of the cooling flow path. Further, by selecting the installation position and the inclination angle of the nose 212 so that the cooling air is guided to a position with less resistance, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss of the cooling system. Further, the installation position and the inclination angle of the nose 212 can be appropriately selected, and the cooling air can be centrally guided to a place to be locally cooled, for example, the oil pan 10.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is an embodiment in which the installation positions of the centrifugal fan and the nose in the first embodiment are changed. Engine room 1 in which the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment is installed
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of FIG. 5 shows the first
3 is a view substantially corresponding to FIG. 2 of the embodiment of FIG. Members equivalent to those of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG.
In the present embodiment, the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment is different from that according to the first embodiment in that the centrifugal fan 304 is eccentrically arranged instead of in the center of the engine compartment 1 and has a nose 31.
Centrifugal fan 30 that forms a cooling air passage by setting the installation position of 2 on the opposite side across centrifugal fan 304 in the figure.
4 outer diameter and the distance between the engine room 1 wall surface facing this,
That is, it is substantially enlarged from the vicinity of the nose 312 in the fan rotation direction (counterclockwise in the drawing). Other structures are
This is almost the same as the first embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition to this, centrifugal fan 304
The swirl direction component (indicated by the arrow in the figure) of the high-speed cooling air blown out from the flow passage cross-sectional area gradually expands, and the swirl direction component is gradually decelerated, so that the static pressure can be collected more reliably and efficiently. Loss can be reduced and fan efficiency can be improved.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment is an embodiment in which a cooling air guide plate for guiding cooling air is added to the configuration of the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the engine compartment 1 in which the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment is installed. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view substantially corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first embodiment and FIG. 5 of the third embodiment. Members equivalent to those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 6, the engine cooling device according to this embodiment differs from that of the third embodiment in that the centrifugal fan 3 is used.
04, a plurality of cooling air guide plates 413 are provided in the engine room 1 so that the distance between the outer diameter and the wall surface of the engine room 1 spreads continuously and smoothly. Other structures are almost the same as the third embodiment.

Also according to this embodiment, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained. In addition to this, since the cooling air passage can be smoothly expanded, static pressure recovery by deceleration of the cooling air can be efficiently performed with a smaller loss.

In the fourth embodiment, the centrifugal fan 304 is eccentrically arranged as in the third embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, by disposing the centrifugal fan 4 in the center of the engine compartment 1 and devising the arrangement of the cooling air guide plate 413a as in the second embodiment, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the swirling direction component of the cooling air is gradually increased. You may comprise so that it may spread. In this case, a similar effect is obtained. In the fourth embodiment, the wall surface of the engine compartment 1 and the cooling air guide plate 413a form the cooling air passage, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a spiral case that covers the centrifugal fan 4 is provided. May accelerate deceleration of the swirling component of the cooling air and recovery of static pressure. Again,
A similar effect is obtained.

A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment is an embodiment in which another cooling air guide plate for guiding cooling air is added to the configuration of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the engine compartment 1 in which the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment is installed. Members equivalent to those in the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 7, the engine cooling device according to the present embodiment differs from that of the fourth embodiment in that a fan 304 is used.
On the lower wall surface of the engine room 1 where the outer diameter and the cooling air guide plate 413 are sufficiently widened, a cooling air guide plate 513 inclined downward toward the fan rear (right side in the drawing) is provided, and the centrifugal fan 304 axial direction. The purpose is to guide the cooling air (in the horizontal direction in the drawing). The other structure is almost the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, the same effect as in the fourth embodiment can be obtained. In addition to this, the cooling air guide plate 51
In 3, the cooling air can be smoothly and promptly guided to the downstream side of the cooling flow path. Further, by selecting the installation position and the inclination angle of the cooling air guide plate 513 so that the cooling air is guided to the position with less resistance, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss of the cooling system. Further, the installation position and the inclination angle of the cooling air guide plate 513 can be appropriately selected to centrally introduce the cooling air locally to a particularly desired place, for example, the oil pan 10.

In the fifth embodiment, the cooling air guide plate 51 is added to the structure of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cooling air guide plate 5 is added to the configuration of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, for example.
A configuration in which 13 is added may be used. Also in this case, the same effect can be obtained for the cooling air guide plate 513. Further, in the first to fifth embodiments, the intercooler 6a, the oil cooler 6b, and the radiator 6c are shown as an example of the heat exchanger, but the heat exchanger is not limited to this, and other heat exchangers such as a condenser of an air conditioner. May be provided, and similar effects are obtained in these cases. Further, in the first to fifth embodiments, the rotary shroud is fixed to all of the centrifugal fans 4, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is applicable even when a centrifugal fan without a rotary shroud is used. Get the same effect. Further, although the suction pipe 8 is provided in all of the first to fifth embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to the case where the suction pipe 8 is not provided, and similar effects can be obtained. Further, although the centrifugal fan 4 is provided in all of the first to fifth embodiments, the invention is not limited to this, and a mixed flow fan may be used. In this case, a similar effect is obtained.

Further, although the first to fifth embodiments have been described with reference to the engine cooling device provided in the construction machine as an example, the invention is not limited to this, and the machine is mounted in an automobile, an agricultural machine or other machines. It can also be applied to an engine cooling device. Similar effects are obtained in these cases.

[0031]

According to the present invention, since the swirling direction component of the cooling air flow can be decelerated and the static pressure can be recovered, the loss due to the swirling direction component can be reduced as compared with the conventional case in which the loss is caused. The efficiency can be improved. Therefore, a large air volume and a high pressure can be achieved, and the fan rotation speed can be reduced, so that noise can be reduced. Therefore, even if a heat exchanger to be cooled is newly added, or if the degree of sealing and compactness of the engine room is further promoted, the pressure loss of the cooling system due to these increases without increasing noise. It can overcome and supply cooling air.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an engine room of a hydraulic excavator to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a velocity triangle of cooling air at the outlet of a centrifugal fan.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an engine compartment in which an engine cooling device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an engine compartment in which an engine cooling device according to a third embodiment of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an engine compartment in which an engine cooling device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an engine compartment in which an engine cooling device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is installed.

[Explanation of reference symbols] 1 engine room 2 crankshaft 3 fan belt 4 centrifugal fan 5 engine 6a intercooler 6b oil cooler 6c radiator 7 cooling air intake 8 suction pipe 9 cooling air exhaust port 10 oil pan 11 shielding plate 12 nose (induction member) ) 212 nose (guide member) 304 centrifugal fan 413 cooling air guide plate 513 cooling air guide plate

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Shinichi Shimoide 502 Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture, Institute of Mechanical Research, Hiritsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshio Yato, 650 Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery company Tsuchiura factory (72) Inventor Sotaro Tanaka 650 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Company Tsuchiura factory (72) Inventor Zenji Kaneko 650 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Incorporated company Tsuchiura Plant (72) Inventor Ichiro Hirami 650 Kintatecho, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Incorporated Tsuchiura Plant (72) Inventor Toshio Takishita 650 Kintatecho, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Ceremony Company Tsuchiura Factory

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An at least one heat exchanger provided in an engine chamber in which an engine is installed, the radiator including a radiator for cooling cooling water of the engine, a centrifugal fan for introducing cooling air for cooling the heat exchanger, and In an engine cooling device having one of a mixed flow fan, the cooling device is provided in a substantially radial outer peripheral area of the one fan outlet, and axially blocks a cooling air flow from the fan in a circumferential direction. An engine cooling device provided with a guiding member for guiding. 2. The engine cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the guide member has one side facing the fan outlet and the other side fixed to the engine compartment. 3. The engine cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is arranged such that a surface on which the cooling air hits is inclined rearward in the axial direction of the one of the fans. And engine cooling system. 4. The engine cooling device according to claim 1, wherein a distance between a fan outer diameter in the outer peripheral region and a cooling air passage outer peripheral side wall surface that is arranged to face the fan outer diameter in a substantially radial direction is the same. An engine cooling device, which is substantially enlarged from the vicinity of the guide member in the fan rotation direction. 5. The engine cooling device according to claim 4, wherein the cooling air passage outer peripheral side wall surface is a wall surface of the engine chamber. 6. The engine cooling device according to claim 4, wherein the cooling air passage outer peripheral side wall surface includes at least one first cooling air guide wall provided in the engine chamber. apparatus. 7. The engine cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the surface on which the cooling air strikes is located near the position where the distance between the outer diameter of the fan and the outer peripheral wall surface of the cooling air passage is maximum. An engine cooling device comprising a second cooling air guide wall installed so as to be inclined rearward in the axial direction. 8. An engine provided in an engine compartment,
A hydraulic pump driven by the engine, an actuator driven by pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump, at least one heat exchanger including a radiator for cooling the cooling water of the engine, and the heat exchanger. In a construction machine having an engine cooling device including one of a centrifugal fan and a mixed flow fan that guides cooling air to be cooled, the engine cooling device is a substantially radial outer peripheral region of the one fan outlet. A construction machine provided with a guide member that is provided in the shaft and guides the cooling air flow from the fan in the axial direction while blocking the flow of the cooling air in the circumferential direction.