JPH09109153A - Waste plastic treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to uniformly heat and compress in a plastic heating and compressing apparatus to be irregularly heated. SOLUTION: The waste plastic treating apparatus comprises a cylindrical containing vessel 2 having an opening at the upper end, a door 1a for swinging the opening, a bottom plate 3 movable in the vertical direction in the vessel 2, a bag 4 disposed between the bottom under the interior of the vessel 2 and the plate 3 to move on the plate 3 by extending, and a heater 7b for generating hot air to diffuse the hot air generated by the heater 7b toward the interior of the vessel 2 from a hot air inlet 8. According to the apparatus having a fan 7a for recovering the diffused hot air from a hot air outlet 10, the hot air is effectively circulated to make it possible to uniformly heat the plastic. As a result, the crystallization and melting are prevented to make it possible to effectively reduce the volume.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste plastic processing apparatus for reducing the volume of waste such as plastic packaging materials, packing materials or containers generated in small-scale business establishments or stores.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plastics are widely used in food packaging materials, containers, packaging materials and the like. Since there are many one-way applications, it is the present situation that they are collected, landfilled, or incinerated after use, but in recent years, recycling of these plastics has been desired from the viewpoints of waste reduction, energy saving and resource saving. There is.

To promote plastic recycling, it is important to secure economic efficiency. However, since the bulk density of plastic is small and the recovery cost is high, the recycled material is expensive as compared with the virgin material, and it is difficult to be accepted in the market.

Therefore, in order to reduce the recovery cost, a device for cutting and reducing the volume with a mechanical crushing device, a device for mechanically compressing, a device for mechanically crushing and melting with frictional heat, etc. have been devised. .

However, although their processing capabilities are large, all of them are large and expensive devices, and thus are not suitable for use in a store or the like where a small amount of them are dispersed.

As a method suitable for the purpose of small amount dispersion processing,
For example, as in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-322712, there is a method of reducing the volume by heating plastic at a low temperature and compressing it at a low pressure. This system has a simpler device configuration than the conventional one, and is suitable for a device for small amount dispersion processing.

[0007]

In the method of heating and compressing plastics, it is desirable to heat the plastics to the glass transition temperature or more as uniformly as possible in order to maximize the volume reduction effect.

However, particularly in plastics such as PET bottles, whose strength increases as crystallization progresses by heating, if heated unevenly, a portion below the glass transition temperature and a portion crystallized by excessive heating will be generated. As a result, there was a mixed state, and it was not possible to achieve sufficient compression and volume reduction.

Further, in order to sufficiently compress in such a non-uniform heating state, a larger compression force is required, which causes a problem such as an increase in the cost of the device.

Further, if a plastic having a low melting point, such as polystyrene or polyethylene, is heated unevenly, a part of the melted material will enter the compression movable part, causing a problem of equipment failure.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic processing apparatus capable of uniformly heating and compressing waste plastic.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic processing apparatus suitable for small-scale business establishments, shops or households.

[0013]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention for solving this problem is to provide a cylindrical storage portion having an opening at an upper end thereof, a door for opening and closing the opening, and an inside of the storage portion in a vertical direction. A movable compression unit, an expansion unit disposed between the compression unit and a bottom surface of the storage unit below the bottom, and an expansion unit that moves the compression unit upward by expanding at least the heating unit that generates hot air. And at least one hot air inlet provided on a side surface of the storage unit blows the hot air generated by the heating unit toward the inside of the storage unit, and the hot air blown out is at least 1 on the side surface of the storage unit. A fan for collecting the hot air from the hot air outlet provided to the heating unit, and the plastic for disposal is processed between the compression unit and the door inside the storage unit. Waste plasti A click processing apparatus.

With this, the plastic can be uniformly heated by effectively circulating the hot air,
As a result, its crystallization and melting can be prevented and the volume can be effectively reduced.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is such that a cylindrical storage portion having an opening at an upper end, a door for opening and closing the opening, and an inside of the storage portion are vertically arranged. A movable compression unit, an expansion unit disposed between the compression unit and a bottom surface located below the inside of the storage unit, and an expansion unit that moves the compression unit upward by at least expanding, and a heating unit that generates hot air. The hot air generated by the heating unit is blown from the hot air inlet provided on at least one side surface of the storage section toward the inside of the storage section, and the hot air blown out is at least one on the side surface of the storage section. A waste collecting device is provided with a fan for collecting from the provided hot air outlet to the heating unit, and the plastic for disposal is processed between the compression unit and the door inside the storage unit. Plastic processing equipment It is.

The hot air inlet is provided with a hole for blowing out the hot air, and at least one passage of the hole is
The hot air blown out from the hole by the fan may be formed so as to be blown out in the circumferential direction along the inner side surface of the storage section.

Further, the hot air inlet is provided with a hole for blowing out the hot air, and at least one passage of the hole is
It may be formed along a tangent line at an edge of the hole on the inner side surface of the storage portion.

Further, the extension section includes a pump for injecting or sucking air, and a bag which expands and contracts by injecting or sucking air from the pump, and the extension section further lowers the compression section. Can be moved to
When the compression unit moves upward, the opening of the door may be locked in a closed state.

Further, all or a part of the hot air inlet is provided on an upper side surface of the accommodating portion, and all or a part of the hot air outlet is provided on an upper side surface of the accommodating portion so that the hot air from the fan is The blowing and the collection thereof and the upward movement of the compression unit by the extension unit may be performed at the same time. The hot air outlet may be arranged at a position facing the hot air inlet.

Further, a deodorizing unit is provided for deodorizing the air inside the storage unit when the air is discharged to the outside, and the air in the storage unit is deodorized by the deodorizing unit before opening the door. May be

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a main body, and 1a is a door constituting a main body container. Reference numeral 2 is a waste plastic storage container, and 3 is a bottom plate provided in the storage container. 4 is a bag having elasticity and airtightness,
5 is an air pump that changes the volume of the bag 4 by air pressure, and 6
Is a heat insulating container provided between the main body 1 and the storage container 2. 7
Is a heating part for heating the plastic (reference numeral 7 is not written for each part), and is composed of a pressure type sirocco type fan 7a and a heater 7b for circulating air. Reference numeral 8 denotes a hot air inlet to the storage container 2, which is provided on the upper side wall of the storage container.
Reference numeral 9 is a fan suction port provided in the lower portion of the heat insulating container 6. Further, a plurality of hot air outlets 10 for circulating the blown hot air to the heat insulating container are vertically dispersed and provided on the side surface of the storage container 2. Reference numeral 11 denotes a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of hot air (not shown). Reference numeral 12 is a deodorizer using a white metal-based oxidation catalyst joined to the heating unit 7. FIG. 2 is similar to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the present device.

The storage container 2 is included in the storage portion of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention. Further, the door 1a is included in the door of the device, the bottom plate 3 is included in the compression part of the device, the bag 4 and the air pump 5 are included in the extension part of the device,
The heater 7b is included in the heating section of the device, and the fan 7a is included in the fan of the device. Furthermore, hot air inlet 8
Is included in the hot air inlet of the apparatus, and the hot air outlet 10 is included in the hot air outlet of the apparatus.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the door 1a of the main body 1 is opened, and the plastic is put in the storage container 2. Next, the blower fan 7a and the heating heater
Power is applied to the heater 7b, and hot air is blown onto the plastic from the hot air inlet 8. As shown in FIG. 2, by disposing the hot air inlet 8 so as to be displaced from the center of the cylinder, hot air can be blown out in the circumferential tangential direction of the storage container and can be circulated spirally along the side surface of the storage container. At this time, the hot air temperature detection unit 11 detects the hot air temperature and controls the hot air temperature so that the melting temperature is the upper limit. The blown hot air moves from the hot air outlet 10 provided in the storage container 2 into the heat insulating container 6, and is sucked by the blower fan 7a from the fan suction port 9 to be circulated. Also, after heating the plastic, air is pumped in the bag 4
The feed bottom plate 3 is lifted by and the plastic is compressed and plastically deformed between the bottom plate 3 and the door 1a. Further, a part of the generated gas is sent to the deodorizing unit 12 by using the pressure of the blower fan 7a and then exhausted.

The purpose of this apparatus is to heat and compress general-purpose waste plastic to reduce its volume. Therefore, the heating temperature has a lower limit of the glass transition temperature at which the elasticity of the plastic is significantly reduced, and odorous gas is generated from the plastic.
Alternatively, in order to suppress the melting of the plastic, the temperature of the hot air is controlled and heated by the temperature detection unit 8 with the melting temperature as the upper limit.

For example, in order to reduce the volume of expanded polystyrene, it is necessary to heat it to 130 ° C. or higher. However, when heating the whole to a temperature of 130 ° C. or higher with a device configuration in which hot air does not circulate evenly, there is a case where the vicinity of the hot air inlet is heated to 160 ° C. or higher and a part of it softens and sticks to the storage container. In the configuration in which hot air is blown out in the circumferential tangential direction of the storage container as in the present embodiment, the hot air circulates in a spiral in the storage container, so that the expanded polystyrene is uniformly heated at a temperature of about 140 ° C. at 130 ° C. or more. It can be heated.

Further, by heating the storage container in the circumferential direction, the plastic shrinks so as to gather in the central portion of the bottom plate. Therefore, when lifting and compressing the bottom plate,
The probability that softened plastic will enter between the peripheral wall of the storage container and the bottom plate can be greatly reduced. In particular, when a plastic such as expanded polystyrene or expanded polyethylene having a large heat shrinkability and a low softening temperature is treated, the effect becomes large.

The heating temperature varies depending on the type of plastic, 80 to 150 ° C. for PET bottles, 80 to 120 ° C. for polyethylene, and 100 ° C. to 1 ° C. for vinyl chloride resin.
It is necessary to control in the range of 20 ° C.

In this structure, since uniform heating is possible as described above, heating in an arbitrary temperature range is facilitated.

Further, by providing a plurality of hot air outlets in the vertical direction of the storage container as a hot air circulation path from the storage container to the heat insulating container, further uniform heating is realized. For example, in the case where there is only one hot air outlet, if the film or the like sticks, the circulation of hot air will be disturbed and sufficient heating will not be possible. However, when there are a plurality of hot air outlets, the probability that all the hot air circulation paths are closed is reduced, and the sample can be heated. In addition, by providing them in a vertically dispersed manner, even when a large amount of sample is packed, hot air is circulated sequentially from the upper part so that heating can be performed. As a result, most general-purpose plastics can be uniformly heated and subjected to compression volume reduction treatment.

In this embodiment, a heat insulating container is provided between the main body container and the storage container to prevent heat radiation.
The same effect can be obtained by a configuration in which the main body container is directly provided with a heating unit to insulate the periphery of the main body container.

Further, in this embodiment, air pressure is used for the compression mechanism, but any compression mechanism can be used for the same compression as long as it is a structure that applies stress to the plastic, such as a rack and pinion structure or a structure in which a load is applied from above. The effect can be obtained.

Further, by providing a hot air inlet in the upper part of the container so that the hot air is blown downward, the hot air is circulated more effectively, so that the plastic can be heated more uniformly.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts according to the second embodiment of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention. Detailed description of the same components as those in the first embodiment will be omitted. The difference from the first embodiment is that the ratio of the opening area of the hot air outlet 10 provided on the upper side surface of the storage container 2 to the total opening area of the plurality of hot air outlets 10 is increased, that is, the entire hot air outlet is provided. The point is that the number of hot air outlets provided at the top is increased relative to the number.

In this embodiment, an operation similar to that of the first embodiment is carried out to reduce the volume of the plastic.
The difference is that in parallel with the heating operation, the air pump 5 is operated to send air into the bag 4 to raise the bottom plate 3 and reduce the volume of the storage container 2, thereby performing the operation of compressing the plastic.

A PET bottle having a crystallization temperature near the glass transition temperature is crystallized at its mouth and bottom, which are uncrystallized parts, by heating at a temperature of 110 ° C. or higher near the glass transition temperature for a long time. It may increase in strength and may not compress sufficiently. When treating a plastic having a crystallization temperature near such a glass transition temperature, it is necessary to apply stress to the plastic before the crystallization proceeds by heating.

Therefore, in this apparatus, the compression operation is performed in parallel with the heating operation. When the plastic is heated, it is heated sequentially from the plastic near the hot air inlet and passes through the glass transition temperature. When a compressing operation is performed in parallel with this heating operation and stress is applied, it is possible to constantly apply stress under optimum conditions where the plastic loses elasticity and is softened before the plastic crystallization progresses and the strength increases. When PET bottles are processed by this method, compression can be done smoothly and 0.1 kg /
It can be plastically deformed with a relatively small pressure of cm ² .

However, in this compression method, when the hot air inlet and hot air outlet are provided only below the storage container, the hot air inlet and hot air outlet are blocked by the rise of the bottom plate, and the hot air is circulated without sufficient heating. May stop.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the hot air inlet is arranged at the uppermost part of the storage container, and the ratio of the opening area of the hot air outlet provided on the upper side surface of the storage container to the total opening area of the hot air outlet is increased. . This makes it possible to maximize the effect of the simultaneous compression heat treatment. That is, even in the final stage of compression, the hot air inlet and hot air outlet are prevented from being blocked by the rise of the bag and the bottom plate, and the hot air is blown out sufficiently and the circulation path is secured, enabling uniform heating of the sample and reducing the volume. Ensured treatment.

In addition, since the hot air outlet is densely arranged at a position facing the hot air inlet provided on the upper part of the storage container, the hot air can be circulated more uniformly during compression,
Ensure the volume reduction effect.

[0041]

As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, the plastic can be uniformly heated by effectively circulating the hot air, and as a result, its crystallization and melting can be prevented. It can be prevented and effectively reduced in volume.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively reduce the volume by compressing the plastic whose mechanical strength is lowered by heating it to the glass transition temperature or higher.

Further, according to the present invention, by providing the hot air inlet and the hot air outlet on the upper side surface of the storage portion, it is possible to heat and compress the plastic at the same time, and it is possible to uniformly heat the plastic.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a small-sized waste plastic processing apparatus which can be used in a small-scale business establishment or the like where plastic for waste disposal is generated.

Further, according to the present invention, the range between the glass transition temperature at which plastic is plastically deformed and the crystallization temperature at which the plastic is crystallized and the strength is increased, or the melting temperature at which excessive generation of gas and suppression of melting are suppressed. The plastic can then be heated easily. Then, after heating, the plastic can be compressed by moving the compression portion upward, and plastically deformed to reduce the volume.

Further, in the present invention, when a plate-shaped compression plate is used for the compression part, the plastic shrinks so as to gather at the center of the compression plate, so that the compression of the storage part and the compression plate occurs at the time of compression. It is possible to prevent the softened plastic from being trapped in the movable part between them.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the waste plastic processing apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part according to a second embodiment of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Main body 1a Door 2 Storage container 3 Bottom plate 4 Bag 5 Air pump 6 Insulating container 7 Heating part 7a Circulation fan 7b Heater 8 Hot air inlet 9 Suction port 10 Hot air outlet 11 Temperature control part 12 Deodorizing part

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Jiro Suzuki, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical storage part having an opening at an upper end, a door for opening and closing the opening, a compression part for vertically moving the inside of the storage part, and a lower part of the inside of the storage part. An extension part that is disposed between the bottom surface and the compression part and moves at least the compression part upward by expanding, a heating part that generates hot air, and at least one hot air provided on the side surface of the storage part. A fan that blows out the hot air generated by the heating unit from the inlet toward the inside of the storage unit, and recovers the blown hot air to the heating unit from a hot air outlet provided on at least one side surface of the storage unit. The waste plastic processing device, wherein the plastic for disposal is processed between the compression section and the door inside the storage section. 2. The hot air inlet is provided with a hole for blowing out the hot air, and at least one passage of the hole has hot air blown from the hole by the fan along an inner side surface of the storage portion. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste plastic processing apparatus is formed so as to blow out in a circumferential direction. 3. The hot air inlet comprises a hole for blowing out the hot air, and a passage of at least one of the holes is formed along a tangent line at an edge of the hole on an inner side surface of the storage portion. The waste plastic processing device according to claim 1, wherein 4. The expansion unit includes a pump for injecting or sucking air, and a bag that expands and contracts by injecting or sucking air from the pump, and the expansion unit lowers the compression unit by further contracting. 2. When the compression unit moves upward, the opening of the door is locked in a closed state.
The waste plastic processing device according to 2 or 3. 5. The hot air inlet is entirely or partially provided on an upper side surface of the storage portion, and the hot air outlet is partially or fully provided on an upper side surface of the storage portion, so that hot air generated by the fan is generated. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the blowing and recovery thereof and the upward movement of the compression unit by the extension unit are performed at the same time. 6. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the hot air outlet is arranged at a position facing the hot air inlet. 7. A deodorizing unit is provided for deodorizing the air inside the storage unit when the air is discharged to the outside, and the air in the storage unit is deodorized by the deodorizing unit before opening the door. The waste plastic processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that.