JPH09107910A - Tablet of lentinus edodes sing. and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a readily drinkable nourishing supplementary food utilizing Lentinus edodes Sing. abundantly containing various nutrients and provide a method for producing the food without deteriorating and reducing the contained ingredients. SOLUTION: This tablet comprises ingredients of Lentinus edodes Sing., a shape retaining agent and a shape stabilizer. The moisture content is regulated to a prescribed value. The tablet of the Lentinus edodes Sing. of a prescribed shape and size is obtained by mixing the ingredients of the Lentinus edodes Sing. with the shape retaining agent and shape stabilizer, drying the resultant mixture at a relatively low temperature, regulating the moisture content to the prescribed value, then cooling the regulated mixture to normal temperatures and subsequently compression forming the cooled mixture.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shiitake mushroom tablet that can be easily taken and a method for producing a shiitake mushroom tablet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the recent trend toward health and the increase of adult diseases, various dietary supplements that can be taken easily and can be expected to improve the constitution by continuous use, and are free from side effects such as drugs ( Supplements) are supplied to the market.

There is a processed product of shiitake mushrooms, which is one of the products widely known as such a dietary supplement. Shiitake is a precursor of vitamin D, ergosterol, vitamins B, erytadenine (lentinan), double-stranded ribonucleic acid,
It contains a lot of minerals and dietary fiber, reduces cholesterol in the blood, and can be expected to have various effects such as analgesic action, anti-cancer action, improvement of immunity, suppression of blood glucose level, and almost no calories. It can be said that foods containing shiitake as the main ingredient are ideal dietary supplements.

[0004]

However, in spite of the known effects, the nutritional supplement containing shiitake as a main component is not widely used at present. One of the reasons for this is that most of the conventional Shiitake food products are powdery or granular (hereinafter referred to as "powdered"). The powdery form inevitably causes difficulty in drinking such as sticking to the throat and mouth, and continuous ingestion several times a day causes pain. Especially infants, the elderly,
Ingestion is very difficult for sick people. Also,
When taken with water, the total amount increases, so only a small amount can be taken at a time, and if you try to increase the intake of shiitake components, you have to increase the frequency of intake and you need to prepare drinking water etc. separately. , It is difficult to take, for example, in the car. In addition, when the powder is dissolved in water or the liquid extract obtained by immersing dried shiitake mushrooms in water causes a new odor problem, people who do not like the unique odor of shiitake can ingest it while holding the odor. It will be painful.

As described above, conventional shiitake mushroom foods are not called "easily ingestible dietary supplements" because they cause patience, pain and inconvenience when ingested. Although it was not suitable as a dietary supplement to be used, it is thought to have been an obstacle to its spread.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention condenses various nutrients and medicinal components contained in shiitake mushrooms, and enables easy and efficient ingestion of shiitake mushroom tablets, and mass production without damaging these active ingredients. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a shiitake mushroom tablet that can be made into a product. In the present application, the term “nutrient” is not limited to the commonly used term, but widely means all components that have a positive effect on the human body.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention comprises a shiitake component, a shape-retaining agent, and a shape stabilizer, wherein the water content is adjusted to a predetermined value. To do.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, (1) the shape-retaining agent is dietary fiber, or a combination thereof with starch. (2) 10 to 20% by weight of the shape retention agent is contained. (3) The shape stabilizer is sugar ester. (4) It contains 2 to 5% by weight of the shape stabilizer. (5) The shiitake mushroom component is shiitake mushroom powder that has been dried by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. (6) The shiitake mushroom component is a concentrated shiitake mushroom solution obtained by immersing shiitake mushrooms that have been dried by irradiation with ultraviolet rays in water for a predetermined time. (7) The water content is adjusted to 5 to 12% by weight.

Further, the present invention optionally comprises a shiitake mushroom component, a nutrient not contained in shiitake mushroom, a nutrient contained in a small amount in shiitake mushroom, or a nutrient whose absorption into the body is promoted by the nutrient contained in shiitake mushroom. It is characterized by comprising a selected nutrient, a shape-retaining agent, and a shape-stabilizing agent.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the nutrient is calcium.

Further, in the present invention, a shape-retaining agent and a shape-stabilizing agent are mixed with the shiitake mushroom component, which are then dried at a relatively low temperature to adjust the water content to a predetermined value, and then cooled to room temperature. It is characterized in that a tablet having a predetermined shape and size is formed by compression molding.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention, (1) the shiitake mushroom component is shiitake mushroom powder obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays to dry the shiitake mushroom and crushing the dried shiitake mushroom. (2) The shiitake mushroom component is a concentrated solution of shiitake mushroom that is produced by immersing shiitake mushroom that has been dried by irradiation with ultraviolet rays in water for a predetermined time. (3) The above-mentioned shiitake mushroom component is mixed with a nutrient that is arbitrarily selected from nutrients that are not contained in shiitake mushrooms or are contained in trace amounts in shiitake mushrooms.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

(First Embodiment) As an example of the shiitake mushroom tablet according to the present invention, a shiitake powder (including granules, the same applies hereinafter), a shape-retaining agent, and a shape-stabilizing agent are provided, and the water content is set to a predetermined value. The one that is adjusted to. As the shiitake powder, it is general to use a previously dried shiitake mushroom that has been crushed with a crusher, but if you use raw shiitake mushroom that has been roughly cut with a cutter and then dried, the drying and crushing will be efficient. The processing time can be shortened and deterioration of the crusher with time can be suppressed as much as possible. When the shiitake mushroom is dried, it is sufficiently dried until the water content becomes about 10% by weight or less in consideration of the influence on the crusher.

The shiitake mushrooms used in the present invention are not only donko and koshin which are marketed as raw or dried shiitake mushrooms, but also thin ones, kuroko, etc. which are considered to have no commercial value as they are mainly for appearance reasons. But it's okay. However,
When using shiitake jam, etc., impurities may remain, so it is necessary to remove the impurities with a filter or a filtration device.

Shiitake mushrooms contain a large amount of vitamins B, minerals such as potassium, dietary fiber, etc. even when they are raw, but ergosterol (also called previtamin D) which changes into vitamin D when dried in the sun Since it contains abundantly, it is possible to promote absorption of calcium into the body in addition to the above-mentioned pharmaceutical effects by sun drying.
It exerts various effects such as activating the skin. Therefore, it is most preferable to use sun-dried dried shiitake mushrooms as raw materials for tablets, but it is not suitable for mass production because it takes a long time (at least about 4 hours or more) to dry in the sun. On the other hand, most commercially available dried shiitake mushrooms use short-time drying with warm air or steam from the viewpoint of productivity, but this does not change the ergosterol to vitamin D and increases the medicinal components. can not see. Therefore, the present invention
By adopting UV irradiation drying, which has almost the same effect as sun-dried, it is possible to achieve both productivity improvement by shortening the drying time and increase of medicinal components such as production of a large amount of vitamin D at the same time. It was Of course, it is also possible to use sun-dried shiitake mushrooms. The UV irradiation time is determined in consideration of the season, local climate, room temperature, water content of shiitake mushrooms, etc., but usually 1 to 2 hours is sufficient.

The shape-retaining agent may be of any type as long as it is basically used for tableting, but considering that the present invention relates to a dietary supplement, it is artificial. Such synthetic compounds and animal substances are not preferable because of problems such as allergies. As a result of various trials, the present inventors have found that dietary fiber, particularly microcrystalline cellulose, gives the most favorable results. The preferable result means that the shiitake powder was solidified into a desired shape, had little adverse effect on the tableting machine, and had little effect on the ingestor of allergic constitution such as atopysis. Dietary fiber also has an excellent effect on nutrition. Also,
It is considered that similar results can be obtained by replacing a part of dietary fiber with starch produced from corn or the like, particularly pregelatinized starch.

The proportion of the shape-retaining agent added is 10 to 20% by weight in the case of shiitake powder. If the amount is less than 10% by weight, the hardness of the tablet is low, and there is a fear that the tablet may be damaged during the bottle filling process or the product transportation. On the other hand, when it exceeds 20% by weight, the strength of the molded product increases, but the load on the tableting machine is large, and the punching die deteriorates significantly. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15% by weight, the molded product will have a noticeable graininess and the texture will be slightly worse.
If the amount exceeds 5% by weight, the texture is alleviated by increasing the amount of starch. When shiitake mushroom granules are used, the hardness required for tablets does not change and the tablets are easily molded. Therefore, the amount of the shape-retaining agent may be reduced to about 10 to 16% by weight.

Like the shape-retaining agent, the shape-stabilizing agent improves the hardness of the molded article, prevents damage during transportation, etc., and prevents the tablets from binding to each other. It is useful for giving luster and improving the commercial value. The type of shape stabilizer does not matter, but if sugar ester is used,
It can be said to be preferable because it has the effect of alleviating the unique odor of shiitake mushrooms and making it easier to take tablets. The shape stabilizer may be added in a small amount, and 2 to 5% by weight is usually sufficient. If it is less than 2% by weight, the ratio of tablets binding to each other increases dramatically,
If the amount exceeds 5% by weight, the amount of shiitake mushrooms and shape-retaining agents decrease, which leads to a decrease in value as a dietary supplement, and molding tends to be difficult.

The above shiitake powder, shape-retaining agent and shape stabilizer are mixed to adjust the water content to 5 to 12% by weight. 5
If the content is less than 5% by weight, the molded tablet may not be solidified into a desired shape such as cracking or partial loss. Also,
If the amount exceeds 12% by weight, a part of the powder adheres to the tableting machine and an excessive load is applied to the punch, and in extreme cases, the punch may be damaged. Therefore, the adjustment of the water content is very important for the production of Shiitake mushroom tablets.

The shiitake mushroom tablets formed are of a short cylindrical shape,
The shape is arbitrary such as spherical shape, short triangular prism shape, but R at both ends
When the shape of the go stone was increased, it was easy to mold (tablet) and had good meltability (absorbability) in the body.

The shiitake mushroom tablets containing the above ingredients have high nutritional value, and since they do not contain animal ingredients, they are unlikely to cause allergies even if ingested by people with an allergic constitution, and are sufficient. Since the strength (hardness) is melted, there is no fear of breakage during transportation and the like, and since each component is adjusted to within a predetermined value, the load on the tableting machine is small and it is extremely advantageous in manufacturing.

(Second embodiment) In the shiitake mushroom tablet according to the present invention, as a shiitake mushroom component, a concentrated solution of shiitake mushroom obtained by immersing dried shiitake mushroom in water for a predetermined time can be used. The shape-retaining agent and the shape-stabilizing agent are the same as those in the above-mentioned first embodiment, and the water content is basically the same,
In the present embodiment, since the shiitake mushroom component itself contains a large amount of water, when the water content is adjusted at the stage of mixing the shape-retaining agent and the shape-stabilizing agent, drying is the main. The shiitake mushroom component of this embodiment is obtained by immersing the dried shiitake mushroom in the same manner as in the first embodiment in hot water or water for a predetermined time (4 to 8 hours) and then concentrating it by heating to about 50%. It is a concentrated liquid. Compared with Shiitake powder, it is slightly inferior in terms of mass productivity due to the long immersion time in water, but it does not scatter or float in the factory like powder, so the working environment is good,
Waste of raw materials is reduced. In addition, since erytadenine contained in shiitake mushrooms, which has a blood pressure-lowering effect, is highly water-soluble, it is more contained (in a concentrated form) in the concentrated solution of shiitake mushrooms than in powdered shiitake mushrooms.

Among the nutrients contained in shiitake mushrooms, dietary fiber and the like are not soluble in water, and therefore do not dissolve in water even when immersed. Therefore, if tablets are made using a concentrated solution of shiitake mushrooms, only some ingredients of shiitake mushrooms can be ingested. However, since there are many people who drink the dried juice of dried shiitake mushrooms every morning every day, it seems that a water-soluble shiitake mushroom component (particularly erytadenine) as a main component is no less than a dietary supplement. Be done. Of course, it is also possible to dry and crush shiitake mushrooms after soaking them in water and process them into tablets as in the first embodiment.
In this case, water-soluble ingredients will not be included, but dietary fiber, vitamins B, etc. are still abundant, so even if they are used as tablets, they are still comparable to dietary supplements. Becomes Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to separate several ingredients that are rich in shiitake mushrooms and form several types of tablets that meet the needs of consumers.

(Third Mode) The present invention provides the above-mentioned shiitake mushroom component, shape-retaining agent, and shape-stabilizing agent, wherein the nutrients not contained in shiitake mushrooms, the nutrients contained in only a small amount in shiitake mushrooms, or the nutrients contained in shiitake mushrooms. A nutrient selected arbitrarily from the nutrients whose absorption into the body is promoted may be added. As described above, shiitake mushrooms are rich in vitamins B, minerals, etc., but they are not rich in all nutrients. That is, in consideration of nutritional balance, there are cases where the shiitake mushroom component alone is not sufficient based on the age, physical condition, constitution of the ingestor. In addition, among the nutrients contained in shiitake mushrooms, those that themselves have a good effect on the human body, promote absorption of other nutrients into the body, and have favorable results by taking them at the same time as other nutrients. It is also included that can be obtained. In order to effectively utilize such nutrients, it is necessary to add these nutrients to the shiitake mushroom component. Furthermore, it is desired to take more nutrients from dietary supplements even if they are contained in shiitake mushrooms and cannot be easily taken from other foods.

In consideration of such points, in the present embodiment, nutrients not contained in shiitake mushrooms, nutrients contained in only a small amount in shiitake mushrooms, or nutrients whose absorption into the body is promoted by nutrients contained in shiitake mushrooms, Decided to add nutrients arbitrarily selected from. For example, vitamin D, which is changed from ergosterol, has a function of promoting absorption of calcium and protein into the body, and thus it can be said that these are preferable as added nutrients. If you want to add vitamins A, C, K, etc., since it is abundant in green and yellow vegetables such as radish leaves,
This dry powder or the like may be used.

(Manufacturing Method) Next, a method for manufacturing the shiitake mushroom tablets according to the present invention will be described. First, a shape-retaining agent and a shape-stabilizing agent are mixed with the above-mentioned shiitake component (powder or concentrate) in a predetermined ratio (as an example, 77% by weight of shiitake component, 15% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose, 5% by weight of pregelatinized starch). ,
Sugar ester 3% by weight).

Next, these are gradually dried at a relatively low temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C. At this time, drying by sunlight or ultraviolet irradiation may be used, and in this case, dried shiitake mushrooms can be used as a shiitake mushroom component. That is, shiitake mushrooms may be dried at the stage of producing tablets by exposure to the sun or UV irradiation. In order to shorten the drying time, it may be dried at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, but when another nutrient is added as in the third embodiment, the nutrient deteriorates or decomposes due to heat. It is unavoidable that the work environment will deteriorate as well as the fear that it will end up. Therefore, although it is somewhat difficult in terms of mass productivity, it is generally better to dry at a low temperature.
It is said that the main nutrients contained in shiitake mushrooms are not likely to deteriorate or decompose due to heat, but it is expected that rapid high temperature drying will have some adverse effects. High temperature drying should be avoided from these points as well, because there is a fear that thermal metamorphism may occur near the air outlet.

Various known methods such as a hot water method, a steam method and a warm air method can be considered as a drying method, and an outline of an apparatus using steam will be described as an example. A pressure reducing valve is placed on the temporary side of the indirect heating container, a vacuum pump is placed on the secondary side, and a negative pressure of 100 ° C is obtained by sucking with this pump.
Generate the following low temperature steam and supply it to the indirect heating container,
The shiitake mushroom component (powder or concentrated solution) charged in the closed chamber in this container is dried. Thus, the advantage of using steam is that it has a large heat transfer coefficient and can perform uniform heating. On the other hand, steam has a problem that the heating rate is too fast due to its large heat transmission coefficient, so it is preferable to use steam having a temperature as low as possible. In such a drying step, the water content of shiitake mushrooms in the closed chamber is checked with a hygrometer, a weight sensor, etc. and adjusted to the above-mentioned predetermined value.

Then, the mixture is heated to room temperature (20 to 2).
(5 ° C). The cooling may be natural cooling, but it may be put in a cold air cabinet, a refrigerator or the like to cool rapidly.
When the mixture at high temperature (60 to 80 ° C.) immediately after drying was put into the tableting machine as it was, the shape-retaining agent and the shape stabilizer did not act effectively, and the desired shape was not solidified in some cases. We decided to cool to room temperature because the environment temperature at which the ingestor normally stores tablets is room temperature, and it is confirmed that deformation, transformation, damage, etc. will not occur during storage of the ingestor by molding at this temperature. Because you can.

Next, the above mixture is applied to a tableting machine, and compression molding is carried out at a tableting diameter of 5 to 12 mm and a filling height of about 3 to 7 mm at a tableting pressure of 3 to 6 t / cm ² G. As an example of a tableting machine, a schematic structure of a rotary (rotary) powder compression molding machine will be described. A turntable is horizontally rotatably arranged through a vertical shaft in a frame of a predetermined shape and size, and a plurality of dies are provided on the turntable at a constant pitch. A pair of upper and lower punches are held above and below each die so that they can slide up and down. A mixture of shiitake mushrooms or the like filled in the die is compression-molded by passing an upper punch having a punch tip inserted into a die and a lower punch through between upper and lower rolls. When using this type of tableting machine, the upper and lower punches are repeatedly pressed against the outer circumferences of the upper and lower rolls with a large force, resulting in severe damage and wear. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly adjust the values of the water content, the shape-retaining agent, etc. described above to minimize the load on the punch and the roll.

The size of the tablet is arbitrary, but it is necessary to make it easy to carry and take a certain amount in order to take it anywhere at any time. On the other hand, it cannot be made too small because of the ease of handling and the required intake. Therefore, considering both needs, the above-mentioned diameter 5-12
mm (preferably 7 to 10 mm) and height of 3 to 7 mm (preferably 4 to 6 mm) are considered to be appropriate.

Through these steps, it is possible to process tablets having a high nutritional value into shiitake mushrooms that are easy to drink without deteriorating or reducing the ingredients, and the working environment is not deteriorated. The load of can be suppressed as much as possible.

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Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A tablet of shiitake mushroom, comprising a shiitake mushroom component, a shape-retaining agent, and a shape-stabilizing agent, and having a water content adjusted to a predetermined value. 2. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 1, wherein the shape-retaining agent is dietary fiber. 3. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 1, wherein the shape-retaining agent is dietary fiber and starch. 4. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which contains 10 to 20% by weight of the shape retention agent. 5. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 1, wherein the shape stabilizer is a sugar ester. 6. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shape stabilizer is contained in an amount of 2 to 5% by weight. 7. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 1, wherein the shiitake mushroom component is powder of shiitake mushroom that has been dried by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. 8. A shiitake mushroom concentrate, which is obtained by immersing shiitake mushrooms, which have been dried by irradiating with ultraviolet rays, in water for a predetermined period of time.
A tablet of shiitake mushroom according to any one of 1. 9. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 1, wherein the water content is adjusted to 5 to 12% by weight. 10. A nutrient arbitrarily selected from a shiitake mushroom component, a nutrient not contained in shiitake mushroom, a nutrient contained in a small amount in shiitake mushroom, or a nutrient whose absorption into the body is promoted by the nutrient contained in shiitake mushroom. A tablet made of shiitake mushroom, which contains a shape-retaining agent and a shape-stabilizing agent. 11. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 10, wherein the nutrient is calcium. 12. A method of mixing a shape-retaining agent and a shape-stabilizing agent with a shiitake mushroom component, drying these at a relatively low temperature to adjust the water content to a predetermined value, cooling to room temperature, and then compression molding. A method for producing a shiitake mushroom tablet, characterized in that a tablet having a predetermined shape and size is molded by. 13. The method for producing a shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 12, wherein said shiitake mushroom component is a shiitake mushroom powder obtained by drying shiitake mushrooms by irradiating ultraviolet rays and crushing the dried shiitake mushrooms. 14. The shiitake mushroom according to claim 12, wherein the shiitake mushroom component is a concentrated solution of shiitake mushroom which is produced by immersing shiitake mushroom dried by irradiating ultraviolet rays in water for a predetermined time. Manufacturing method of tablets. 15. The shiitake mushroom tablet according to claim 12, wherein the shiitake mushroom ingredient is also mixed with a nutrient which is optionally selected from nutrients not contained in shiitake mushroom or contained in trace amount in shiitake mushroom. Production method.