JPH0889595A - Fire sensing system and fire sensing head for automatic fire extinguishing facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an automatic fire extinguishing facility with which the automatic fire extinguishing facility is not erroneously operated even when any physical stimulus such as impulse is applied to the fire sensing head, and water is automatically stopped even without depending on human intervention after a fire is extinguished by developing the fire sensing system dedicated to a pressure reduced deluge valve. CONSTITUTION: This system is composed of piping 1 connected to a control chamber (c) of a pressure-reduced deluge valve A and a fire sensing head 2 connected to the piping 1, and the fire sensing head 2 is composed of a valve chest 20 and a sensing part 21. Then, the valve chest 20 is installed on the side of the piping 1 and provided with a valve element 20b for preventing fluid from flowing out of the piping 1 to atmosphere, and the sensing part 21 is equipped with an actuator 21b to be stretched corresponding to the increase/ decrease of temperature and a valve element opening means 21a for opening the valve element 20b of the valve chest 20 while being linked with this actuator 21b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire detection system for automatic fire extinguishing equipment using a pressure reducing type simultaneous opening valve, and a detection head used in the fire detection system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been an automatic fire extinguishing system using a pressure reducing simultaneous open valve as a fire extinguishing system for a parking lot or the like. The structure of the pressure reducing type simultaneous opening valve will be described with reference to FIG. 1. First, the simultaneous opening valve A has a primary compartment a and a secondary compartment b, as shown in the figure, and the primary compartment a and the secondary compartment a. The compartment b is blocked by the valve body d. A control chamber c having a cylinder c1 is provided above the primary chamber a, and the control chamber c and the primary chamber a have a piston c2 formed integrally with the valve body d.
Is blocked by. However, the primary partition a and the control chamber c are connected by an orifice e, and a ball valve e1 is provided in the orifice e so as to block the flow of fluid from the control chamber c to the primary partition a. Therefore, the fluid in the primary compartment a flows into the control chamber c, but the fluid does not flow from the control chamber c into the primary partition a. Also, control room c
Communicates with the outside through the connection port c3. A shaft rod f for fixing the piston c2 at a lower position is screwed onto the upper part of the control chamber c, and the piston c2 is pressed downward by a spring, that is, a valve closing means c4.

An automatic fire extinguishing system using the simultaneous opening valve A having such a structure generally has a structure as shown in FIG. That is, the primary compartment a of the simultaneous release valve A is connected to a mixer (not shown) that is connected to the foaming tank and the water pump, and the foam extinguishing liquid is supplied to the secondary compartment b of the simultaneous release valve A. It is connected to a foam head (not shown) for extinguishing fire,
It is open to the atmosphere through the foam head. The control chamber c of the simultaneous open valve A is connected to a plurality of closed type sprinkler heads D through a pipe E having a manually operated valve B to form a fire detection system.

The mode of operation of this automatic fire extinguishing facility will be described below. First, the shaft f of the simultaneous opening valve A is rotated down to fix the piston c2 of the simultaneous opening valve A at the lower position. In this state, the foam extinguishing liquid is supplied from the mixer side to the primary compartment a of the simultaneous opening valve A. Then, the foam extinguishing liquid fills the primary compartment a,
Further, it flows into the control chamber c through the orifice e and further fills the pipe E and the sprinkler head F through the connection port c3. In this state, the inflow of the foam extinguishing liquid stops, and the pressures in the simultaneous release valve A and the pipe E become constant.
The simultaneous opening valve A is designed such that the force exerted on the piston c2 under such a condition is pushed down from the control chamber c2 side to about twice the force pushing it upward from the primary compartment a side. Therefore, even if the shaft f is not rotated and the piston c2 is pressed by the shaft f, the piston c2 presses the valve body downward due to the difference in the applied force. Therefore, if the shaft rod f is rotated and raised in this state so that the piston c2 can be moved upward, a state in which automatic fire extinguishing is possible is achieved.

When a fire occurs in this state, the tip portion of the sprinkler head D flies and is opened due to the heat of the fire, the foam extinguishing liquid in the pipe E flows out from the sprinkler head D to the outside, and the pressure in the pipe E is increased. Is reduced. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber c of the simultaneous opening valve A also decreases,
The force that pushes the piston c2 downward from the control chamber c side is
It is smaller than the force that pushes the piston c2 upward from the primary compartment a side. At this time, the foam fire extinguishing liquid flows into the control chamber from the primary compartment by the orifice E. However, since the inner diameter of the orifice E is very small, it is fast enough to mitigate the pressure drop in the control chamber c. Therefore, the foam extinguishing liquid cannot flow from the primary compartment to the control room. That is, the piston c2 is pushed upwards, the valve body d is opened, the primary compartment a and the secondary compartment b communicate with each other, and the foam extinguishing liquid flows into the secondary compartment b to extinguish the fire from the foam head. Is injected into.
Then, the flow of the foam extinguishing liquid is detected by a sensor (not shown), and when the flow of the foam extinguishing liquid is detected, the water pump (not shown) is activated to continuously supply the foam extinguishing liquid and continuously eject from the foam head, Extinguish fire.

[0006]

Although the conventional automatic fire extinguishing equipment has the above-mentioned configuration, it has the following drawbacks because the fire detection system uses the closed type sprinkler head. Have.

Since the closed type sprinkler head is normally used alone as a fire extinguishing head, the closed type sprinkler head is required to have both a fire sensing function and a function as a water outlet for extinguishing a fire. . For this reason, the closed type sprinkler head is very easy to generate water due to its structure. That is, the closed type sprinkler head has a structure in which a high water pressure is always applied to the sealing portion at the tip, and the sealing portion is held by a stopper made of a metal having a low melting point. When a shock is applied to the tip, the stopper that presses the sealing portion is displaced or broken, and the sealing portion to which a high water pressure is applied is easily opened to generate water. Then, when the sprinkler head emits water, the simultaneous open valve operates and the foam extinguishing liquid is ejected from all the foam heads. In addition, the tip of the closed type sprinkler head is usually exposed because it must detect a fire. In other words, the tip of the closed-type sprinkler head is vulnerable to impacts, etc., although it is susceptible to impacts.
There were many accidents in which the automatic fire extinguishing equipment was activated and caused tremendous water damage if the tip of the sprinkler head was inadvertently impacted. Further, the closed type sprinkler head is also vulnerable to a water hammer, and when the pipe is filled with water, the sprinkler head spouts water.

Further, even if the conventional automatic fire extinguishing equipment operates normally, once the simultaneous open valve operates, the fire extinguishing liquid will continue to be ejected unless the manually operated valve is manually closed. And when a person is unattended, a fire occurs,
Even if there are people, there are many cases where the room with the manually operated valve or the pump room is locked, or the method of stopping water is not known. In such a case, the fire extinguishing liquid will continue to be ejected after the fire is extinguished, resulting in a large water loss. In fact, in automatic fire extinguishing equipment, the amount of damage due to water damage often accounts for the majority of the total amount of damage due to fire.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and does not use a fire detection unit such as a sprinkler head originally designed for extinguishing a fire independently, but for a simultaneous release valve only. By developing this fire detection system, even if a physical stimulus such as impact is given to the fire detection head, the automatic fire extinguishing equipment will not accidentally operate, and it will automatically stop after the fire is extinguished without human intervention. The purpose is to realize an automatic fire extinguishing facility such as water.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a fire detection system for an automatic fire extinguishing system according to the present invention has a pipe connected to a control room of a pressure reducing simultaneous open valve and a fire detection connected to the pipe. The fire detection head is composed of a valve chamber and a detection unit, and the valve chamber is provided on the piping side, and has a valve body that closes the outflow of fluid from the piping to the atmosphere. However, the sensing unit includes an actuator that expands and contracts in response to temperature rise and fall, and valve body opening means that opens the valve body of the valve chamber in conjunction with the actuator.

It is conceivable to use, as the actuator of the actuator part of the fire detection head, a cylinder and a piston to which a detection part in which a liquid having an appropriate boiling point is sealed is connected.
That is, the fire detection head is composed of a valve chamber and a detection unit, and the valve chamber is composed of a pipe mounting port and a valve body that communicates with the atmosphere and closes the flow to the atmosphere side, and the detection unit is An actuator including a container body in which a liquid is sealed, a cylinder connected to the opening of the container body, a piston engaging with the cylinder, and a valve for opening the valve body of the valve chamber interlocking with the piston of the actuator The use of a fire detection head composed of a body opening means is considered.

Alternatively, a shape memory alloy that expands in response to an increase in temperature may be used as the actuator of the sensing unit in the fire sensing head. That is, the fire detection head is composed of a valve chamber and a detection unit, and the valve chamber includes a pipe mounting port and a valve body that communicates with the atmosphere and closes the flow to the atmosphere side, and the detection unit is It is conceivable to use a fire-sensing head that includes an actuator formed of a shape memory alloy that expands in response to an increase in temperature, and a valve body opening means that opens the valve body of the valve chamber that interlocks with the actuator. To be

Further, in the actuator using the shape memory alloy, it is desirable to provide a pressing means for applying a force in a direction of compressing the expanded shape memory alloy.

[0014]

In the fire detecting system having the above-mentioned structure, heat can be detected only by the detecting portion of the fire detecting head, and this detecting portion is an independent component in the fire detecting head. The valve chamber of the head receives it and prevents water from being generated.

When the fire sensing head is heated by the heat of the fire, the actuator operates and the valve body opening means opens the valve body in the valve chamber. That is, the pipe is opened to the atmosphere and the water in the pipe is discharged.

Further, when the fire is subsided, the sensing portion of the fire sensing head cools and the actuator contracts, the valve body opening means releases the opening of the valve body, and the valve body is closed by the fluid pressure in the pipe. As a result, the pipe is closed again and the pressure in the pipe becomes high, and eventually the pressure in the pipe and the pressure in the control chamber of the simultaneous release valve become equal to the pressure in the primary chamber and the secondary chamber of the simultaneous release valve. In this state, the force exerted on the integrally formed piston and valve body in the simultaneous open valve by the water pressure becomes equal in both the valve body closing direction and the valve body opening direction. However, since the valve body of the simultaneous opening valve is generally pressed by the valve closing means in the closing direction, the valve body is closed by the valve closing means. Once the valve body closes,
The flow of fire-extinguishing liquid stops and the entire automatic fire-extinguishing equipment becomes the same as the initial steady state.

When the fire is not extinguished sufficiently and the fire reignites again, the pipe is opened by the same operation as described above, and when the fire is extinguished again, the simultaneous open valve is closed by the same operation as described above and the entire automatic fire extinguishing equipment is initially operated. It is the same as the steady state of.

If a sensor having a cylinder and a piston is connected as an actuator of the sensing portion of the fire sensing head and a sensing portion containing a liquid having an appropriate boiling point is connected to the cylinder, the liquid evaporates due to the heat of the fire. Then, it becomes gas and expands and pushes out the piston to open the valve body of the valve chamber by the valve body opening means, and when the fire subsides, it cools and condenses back to liquid, so the volume decreases and the piston is retracted The body opening means separates from the valve body in the valve chamber, and the valve body closes.

If a shape memory alloy that expands in response to an increase in temperature is used as the actuator of the sensing portion of the fire sensing head, the valve body opening means allows the valve body opening means to open the valve body of the valve chamber.

By providing a pressing means for applying a force in the direction of compressing the elongated shape memory alloy, the force for expanding the shape memory alloy due to the decrease in temperature disappears and the actuator contracts due to the pressing means, and the valve body is compressed. The opening means separates from the valve body in the valve chamber, and the valve body closes.

[0021]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of the fire detection system according to the present embodiment. Since the simultaneous opening valve A used in this embodiment is the same as that described above, the same reference numerals are used unless otherwise specified. The fire detection system is composed of a pipe 1 connected to the control chamber c of the simultaneous opening valve A and a fire detection head 2 connected to a plurality of pipes 1. The side of the pipe 1 that is not connected to the simultaneous opening valve A is connected to the manually operated valve 3, and the manually operated valve 3 is normally closed.
Further, the primary compartment a of the simultaneous opening valve A is connected to a mixer (not shown) connected to a foaming tank and a water pump, and the secondary compartment b is connected to a plurality of foam heads (not shown). Yes It is open to the atmosphere.

The fire detecting head 2 is constituted by a valve chamber 20 and a detecting portion 21 as shown in the sectional view of FIG. The valve chamber 20 is composed of a pipe mounting port 20a and a valve body 20b, and the valve body 20b is formed by a ball valve that communicates with the atmosphere and closes the flow toward the atmosphere. However, the valve body 20
b is not limited to a ball valve as long as it communicates with the atmosphere and closes the flow toward the atmosphere. The ball body of the ball valve is pressed toward the closing side by a spring. The sensing section 21 pushes the ball body of the valve body 20b to open the valve body 20b, and the actuator 21 and the valve body opening means 21a.
The actuator 21b is connected to the valve body opening means 21a and interlocks with the piston 21c, a cylinder 21d with which the piston 21c engages, and a liquid connected to the cylinder 21d. 21
and a container body 21f enclosing e. Although the valve body opening means 21a is a simple rod-shaped body in this embodiment, the valve body 2 is interlocked with the movement of the actuator 21b.
Anything can be adopted as long as it can open 0b. The liquid 21e has a vapor pressure characteristic such that the valve body opening means 21a gives a force to the piston 21c such that the valve body opening means 21a pushes down the ball body of the valve body 20b at about 72 ° C. The container body 21e is joined to the cylinder 21c without any gap, and
The space surrounded by f, the cylinder 21d, and the piston 21c is completely sealed. Also, the piston 2
1b is pressed toward the container body 21e by a pressing spring 21g.

Since the fire detecting head 2 according to this embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, it does not emit water even if the detecting portion 21 receives an impact. That is, unlike the conventional sprinkler head, which has a structure in which water is suppressed by a catch that is barely integrated with a fire detection unit at the tip, the foam extinguishing liquid in the pipe 1 is a valve in the valve chamber 20. Outflow is stopped by the body 20b, and the valve chamber 20 stopping this outflow and the sensing unit 21 are completely separated from each other, so that water will not be emitted even if the sensing unit 21 disappears. Then, the actuator 21b of the sensing portion 21 is activated only by heat, and the valve body opening means 21a actively activates the valve body 20b as shown in FIG.
And the foam extinguishing liquid in the pipe 1 can flow out for the first time. Of course, if the valve chamber 20 is destroyed by a physical shock, a watering accident will occur. However, the sensing unit 21 and the valve chamber 20 are separated from each other, so that the valve chamber 20 has a rigid structure. It is possible,
Further, since the valve chamber 20 does not have to be exposed to detect a fire, it can be protected by a cover or the like. On the other hand, like the conventional sprinkler head, the sensing part and the water stop part were integrated at the tip part, so if the structure is too strong, it will not be able to fire water at the time of fire, and this tip part will detect fire. Since it needs to be exposed to the outside, it will not work if it is covered with a cover or the like.

Next, the operation of the fire detection system having the above-mentioned structure having such a fire detection head will be described below. First, like the conventional automatic fire extinguishing equipment, the foam extinguishing liquid supplied from the primary compartment a side of the simultaneous release valve A is the primary compartment a of the simultaneous release valve A, the control room b, the pipe 1, the fire detection head. The second valve chamber 20 is filled. In this state, the valve body d of the simultaneous opening valve A is the piston c2 from the control chamber c side.
It is closed by the pressure applied to. Then, when a fire occurs in this state, the container 21e of the fire sensing head 2 is heated by the flame due to the fire, and the liquid 21e enclosed in the container 21e begins to evaporate. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the evaporated liquid 21e expands to push down the piston 21c of the fire detection head 2 to a state as shown in FIG. 5, and the valve opening means 21a interlocked with this pushes the valve opening 20a of the valve chamber 20. Push down the ball that makes up.
As a result, the valve body 20b is opened, the water in the pipe 1 is released, the pipe 1 is opened to the atmosphere, and the water pressure in the pipe 1 is rapidly reduced. Then, the water pressure in the control chamber c of the simultaneous release valve A connected in the pipe 1 is also drastically reduced, and the piston c2 of the control chamber c is pushed up by the high water pressure in the primary compartment a and the valve body d of the simultaneous release valve A is changed. The foam extinguishing liquid is opened and sprayed from the foam head through the secondary compartment b of the simultaneous opening valve to extinguish the fire.

When the fire is subsided, the temperature drops and the temperature of the vaporized liquid 21e in the container 21f of the fire sensing head 2 and the cylinder 21d also drops. Then, the vaporized liquid 21 begins to condense and its volume is reduced to the piston 21.
c moves up. This upward movement is urged by a pressing spring 21g that presses the piston 21c. When the piston 21c moves upward, the valve body opening means 21a which is connected to and interlocks with the piston 21c also moves upward, and the ball body constituting the valve body 20b of the valve chamber 20 is released from the restraint by the valve body opening means 21a. Therefore, due to the water pressure in the pipe 1 and the force of the spring that presses the ball body, the ball body moves upward and the valve body 2 of the valve chamber 20 is moved.
0b will be closed in the state as shown in FIG. As a result, the inside of the pipe 1 is shut off from the atmosphere again, and the control chamber c from the primary compartment a of the simultaneous opening valve A through the orifice e,
The foam extinguishing liquid flowing into the pipe 1 increases the water pressure in the control chamber c and the pipe 1. Eventually, the water pressure in the control room c changes to the primary compartment a.
And becomes equal to the water pressure in the secondary compartment b. In this state, the force applied to the piston c1 and the valve body d, which are integrally formed in the simultaneous release valve A, is different from the initial state in that water pressure is also applied to the lower surface of the valve body d. And valve body d
Is the same in both directions. However, since the piston c2 is pressed downward by the valve closing means c4, the valve body d moves in the closing direction by the force of the valve closing means c4. Then, when the valve body d is closed, the primary compartment a and the control chamber c of the simultaneous opening valve A are shut off from the atmosphere, and the pressure in the primary compartment a and the control chamber c rises, while the secondary compartment b becomes the foam head. Since it is opened to the atmosphere via, and the inflow of the foam extinguishing liquid is also eliminated, the pressure in the secondary compartment b is lowered. As a result, the piston c2 moves downward and the valve body d closes, and the primary compartment a and the control chamber c of the simultaneous opening valve A return to the initial state and become stable. Further, since the foam extinguishing liquid does not flow into the secondary compartment b, the injection of the foam extinguishing liquid from the foam head is also stopped.

Further, in an actual fire, even if the fire is once extinguished, it often reignites, and the fire detection system according to the first embodiment can handle such a case. That is, since the fire detection system has returned to the initial state after extinguishing the fire, it is possible to extinguish the fire by repeating the above-mentioned operation even with respect to the reburned flame. When the fire is extinguished again, the injection of the foam extinguishing liquid is stopped and the initial state is restored as described above.

That is, the automatic fire extinguishing equipment using the fire detection system according to the present embodiment repeats spraying and stopping water of the extinguishing liquid until the fire is completely extinguished, and the extinguishing liquid is not sprayed after extinguishing the water. The loss can be minimized.

In the present embodiment, the sensing head is used in the upward state, but this is because the temperature is highest at the top when the ceiling is not stretched. Therefore, when the ceiling is stretched, the sensing head faces downward. There is no change in the operation even if installed in, and in this case, if only the sensing part of the sensing head is exposed from the ceiling, it is effective in preventing water accidents.

(Embodiment 2) Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an outline of the fire detection system according to the present embodiment. The configuration of the fire detection system according to the present embodiment is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, and includes a pipe 1 connected to the control chamber c of the simultaneous opening valve A and a fire detection head 2 connected to a plurality of pipes 1. is there. Then, the pipe 1 is connected to a normally operated manually operated valve 3, and the primary compartment a of the simultaneous opening valve A is connected to a foaming tank and a water pump to a mixer (not shown). The secondary compartment b is connected to a plurality of bubble heads (not shown) and is open to the atmosphere.

FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the fire detection head 2 according to this embodiment. The fire detection head 2 also includes a valve chamber 20 and a detection unit 21. The valve chamber 20 is similar to the fire detection head 2 of the first embodiment, and the pipe mounting port 20a and the valve body 2 are used.
0b, the valve body 20b is formed by a ball valve that communicates with the atmosphere and closes the flow toward the atmosphere side, and the ball body of the ball valve is pressed toward the closing side by a spring.

The sensing unit 21 includes an actuator 21b,
It is composed of a valve body opening means 21a for interlocking with the actuator 21b to open the valve body 20b by pushing the ball body of the valve body 20b, and a pushing means 21h for pushing the actuator 21b. The actuator 21b is made of a shape memory alloy formed in a coil shape and is in a contracted state as shown by the solid line in the figure at normal temperature, and is made to be in an extended state at about 72 ° C. as shown in FIG. It is a thing. That is, the actuator 2
1b can extend as the temperature rises. Further, the pressing means 21h is a compression spring that applies a force in a direction of contracting the actuator 21b when the actuator 21b expands, and cannot stop the expanding force of the actuator 21b at a predetermined temperature, but the actuator 21b at room temperature. Is capable of generating a force that can be contracted.

The fire detecting head 2 according to the present embodiment also has a valve chamber 20 and a detecting portion 2 as in the fire detecting head according to the first embodiment.
Since 1 is completely separated, the sensing unit 21 does not generate water even when it receives an impact, and the valve chamber 20 can be made to have a strong structure and can be protected by a cover or the like.

The fire detecting system having the above-described structure having the fire detecting head 2 operates almost similarly to the fire detecting system according to the first embodiment. This operation will be described below. The state of the first automatic fire extinguishing equipment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the primary chamber a of the simultaneous opening valve A, the control chamber c, the pipe 1, and the valve chamber 20 of the fire detection head 2 are filled with the foam extinguishing liquid. There is. When a fire occurs in this state, the sensing portion 21 of the fire sensing head 2 is heated, and when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the actuator 21b made of a shape memory alloy extends against the pressing means 21h and interlocks with the actuator 21b. The valve body opening means 21a pushes the valve body 20b of the valve chamber 20. Then, the state shown in FIG.
The water in the pipe 1 is released, and the water pressure in the pipe 1 and the water pressure in the control chamber c in the simultaneous release valve A connected to this are rapidly reduced. After that, it is the same as the operation of the normal simultaneous opening valve A, and the control room c
The water pressure in the control chamber c becomes unbalanced due to the sudden decrease in the water pressure in the control chamber c, and the force for pushing up the piston c2 by the water pressure in the control chamber c weakens, and the piston c2 moves in the direction to open the valve body d of the simultaneous release valve A. Foam fire extinguishing liquid from primary compartment a to secondary compartment b
Fire is extinguished by spraying from the foam head through.

When the fire subsides, the shape memory alloy forming the actuator 21b of the sensing head 2 cools down,
The shape memory alloy undergoes a phase change and becomes soft. Then, the actuator 21b does not resist the force of the pressing means 21h pressing in the contracting direction, and is compressed by the pressing means 21h. That is, when the temperature becomes lower than a certain temperature, the actuator 21b shrinks, and the valve body opening means 21a which is connected to and interlocks with the actuator 21b is operated by the valve chamber 2
Apart from the valve body 20b in 0, the valve body 20b is closed again by the water pressure in the pipe 1 and the force of the spring that presses the ball body of the valve body 20b, and the state shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. After that, the same operation as in the case of the first embodiment is performed, and by closing the valve body 20b of the sensing head 2, the water pressure in the pipe 1 and the control chamber c of the simultaneous release valve A increases, and the primary chamber of the simultaneous open valve A is increased. a
And the hydraulic pressure in the secondary compartment b is equalized, and the piston 2c integrally formed with the valve body d of the simultaneous opening valve A moves in the direction to close the valve body d by the valve closing means c4 that pushes downward.
Eventually the valve body d closes. This will stop the injection of foam and the system of the automatic fire extinguisher will return to its original state.

The automatic fire extinguishing system using the fire detection system according to the second embodiment, like the first embodiment, repeats spraying and stopping the water of the fire extinguishing liquid until the fire is completely extinguished, and then spraying the extinguishing liquid after extinguishing the fire. Since there is no such thing, water loss can be minimized.

In this embodiment, the sensing portion 21 of the sensing head 2 is provided with the pressing means 21h for compressing the extended actuator 21b. However, even without the pressing means 21h, a fire is detected and the simultaneous release valve A is operated. It operates and can exert an effect that a water accident does not easily occur due to an impact and the like, and is sufficiently useful as compared with the conventional fire detection system using the closed type sprinkler head. Further, as in the first embodiment, even if the sensing head is used with facing downward, the operation is the same.

[0037]

The fire detection system and the fire detection head according to the present invention have the following effects due to the above-described configuration. First of all, the sensing part of the fire sensing head is independent, and since water is suppressed by the valve chamber of the fire sensing head, even if the sensing part, which must be exposed, is damaged by external impact. It does not sprinkle water, and since the valve chamber does not have to be exposed, it can be protected from external shocks by making it a strong structure or covering it with a cover, and the valve chamber will break. Accidents such as watering can be easily prevented.

Since the sensing portion of the fire sensing head has an actuator that expands and contracts in response to temperature rise and fall, and valve body opening means that opens the valve body of the valve chamber that is interlocked with this actuator, in the event of a fire, The actuator extends, the valve body opening means opens the valve body of the valve chamber, the water pressure in the control chamber of the simultaneous release valve is sharply reduced, and the simultaneous release valve is opened.
Fire extinguishing liquid can be jetted from the foam head to initiate fire extinguishing.

When the fire stops and the temperature drops, the simultaneous open valve automatically closes and the first automatic fire extinguishing system as a whole returns to the steady state. Therefore, the simultaneous open valve cannot be closed manually. Even if there is, the water loss can be minimized, and even if the unburned fire reignites, the entire automatic fire extinguishing equipment is in the initial state, so the fire detection system reacts to the reignited fire. Since the simultaneous opening valve will be opened to automatically extinguish the fire, further spread of fire can be prevented.

Further, if a sensor having a cylinder and a piston is connected as the actuator of the sensing part of the fire sensing head and a sensing part containing a liquid having an appropriate boiling point is connected to the cylinder, the actuator is heated by the temperature rise due to a fire. Expands and opens the valve body of the valve chamber of the fire detection head to drastically reduce the water pressure in the pipe, which allows the simultaneous opening valve to operate and extinguish fire, and if the fire extinguishes and the temperature drops, the actuator will It is pulled in to close the valve body of the valve chamber of the disaster detection head, and thereby the simultaneous open valve can be closed to stop the fire.

If a shape memory alloy that expands in response to an increase in temperature is used as the actuator of the sensing portion of the fire sensing head, the actuator also expands at a high temperature due to a fire, and the valve body opening means causes the valve body of the valve chamber to open. Is released, which allows the simultaneous release valve to operate to extinguish the fire.

Further, by providing a pressing means for applying a force in the direction of compressing the elongated shape memory alloy, the actuator contracts due to the temperature decrease and the valve body closes, and the simultaneous open valve also closes to stop the fire extinguishing. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional fire detection system.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a pressure reducing simultaneous opening valve.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the fire detection system according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed state of the fire detection head according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an open state of the fire detection head according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a fire detection system according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed state of the fire detection head according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an open state of the fire detection head according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Piping 2 Fire Sensing Head 20 Valve Chamber 20a Piping Mounting Port 20b Valve Disc 21 Sensing Unit 21a Valve Disc Release Means 21b Actuator 21c Piston 21d Cylinder 21e Liquid 21f Container 21g Press Spring 21h Press Means 3 Manual Operated Valve A Simultaneous Open Valve B Manually operated valve C Piping D Sprinkler head a Primary compartment b Secondary compartment c Control chamber c1 Cylinder c2 Piston c3 Connection port c4 Valve closing means d Valve body e Orifice e1 Ball valve

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A fire detection system comprising a pipe connected to a control chamber of a decompression type simultaneous opening valve and a fire detection head connected to the pipe, wherein the fire detection head comprises a valve chamber and a detection unit. However, the valve chamber has a valve body that closes the flow from the piping side to the atmosphere, and the sensing unit includes an actuator that expands and contracts in response to temperature rise and fall, and a valve body of the valve chamber that is linked to the actuator. A fire detection system comprising a valve opening means for opening. 2. The fire detection system according to claim 1, wherein a cylinder and a piston are provided as a detection unit of the fire detection head, and a container body in which a liquid is sealed is connected to the cylinder. 3. A shape memory alloy that expands in response to an increase in temperature is used as a sensing portion of the fire sensing head.
Fire detection system as described. 4. The fire detection system according to claim 3, further comprising a pressing means for compressing the shape memory alloy in a direction opposite to the extending direction. 5. A fire detection head comprising a valve chamber and a detector, wherein the valve chamber comprises a pipe mounting port and a valve body communicating with the atmosphere and closing the flow to the atmosphere side. The part is composed of an actuator and a valve body opening means that interlocks with the actuator and opens the valve body of the valve chamber, a container body in which the actuator is filled with a liquid, a cylinder connected to the opening portion of the container body, A fire sensing head comprised of a piston associated with the valve body for engaging the cylinder. 6. A fire detection head comprising a valve chamber and a detection unit, the valve chamber comprising a pipe mounting port and a valve body communicating with the atmosphere and closing the flow to the atmosphere side. The fire sensing head comprises a actuator formed of a shape memory alloy that expands and contracts in response to rising and falling temperatures, and valve body opening means that opens the valve body of the valve chamber, which is interlocked with the actuator. 7. The fire detection head according to claim 6, further comprising a pressing means for compressing the shape memory alloy in a direction opposite to the extending direction.