JPH0882585A - Soil sample cutting and preparing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To accurately obtain a sample having a predetermined dimension within a short time by applying the torque equilibrating to the reaction force at the time of cutting-off to the support arm of a cutter and reversing the support arm when the torque becomes a non-equilibrium state to avoid foreign matter. CONSTITUTION: In an avoiding means C, the constant torque equilibrating to the reaction force at the time of cutting-off is applied to the support arms 13a, 13b of a cutter 28. When the machine is started, the cutter 28 on the support arms 13a, 13b falls and a set sample S is cut while revolved at a definite angle according to a preset program to prepare a sample having a predetermined diameter. In a case directly facing to the foreign matter in the sample S during cutting, the equilibrium of the reaction force at the time of cutting-off and the torque applied to the support arms 13a, 13b is collapsed and the foreign matter is confirmed. After the foreign matter is avoided by reversing the support arms 13a, 13b, work is again continued. By this constitution, foreign matter is automatically avoided and, since the cutter 28 moves along a guide lever 17, the finish of a cut-off surface becomes accurate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] Prior to installing a building, the present invention ensures that a sample taken on site for preliminary investigation of soil quality conforms to the standard of soil test (JIS: Japanese Industrial Standard). The present invention relates to a soil sample shaving machine for shaving the outer periphery of a sample to finish it into a sample of a predetermined size (diameter).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When placing concrete or piling piles to form a foundation for a building, a soil survey is conducted in advance as a material for the foundation design. There are several tests specified by JIS in the survey. . Cylindrical samples used in such tests have three sizes, diameters of 35, 50, and 62 (mm). In each case, the large-diameter sample that was actually taken was ground to a sample of a specified size, The physical properties are examined with a testing machine. In the work of scraping and finishing the above sample, we take it out while keeping the conditions (water content, shape) at the time of collection and carefully scrape the outer circumference little by little to finish it to the prescribed size. Most of the collected samples are not homogeneous and contain foreign substances such as stones, shells, and wood chips.Each time, these foreign substances are removed with tweezers, a spatula, or a finger. At present, the work is promoted while filling the surplus sample pieces that have already been scraped off to finish the sample with a predetermined size.

[0003]

However, the conventional work of manually shaving a sample into a sample of a predetermined size as described above not only requires skill and careful consideration to finish an accurate cylindrical surface. However, there was a drawback that it took a long time to work. The present invention provides a sample shaving machine at low cost, which can eliminate the above-mentioned conventional manual defects and can accurately obtain a sample of a predetermined size in a short time.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A feeding means for gripping a sample and rotating it by a drive device at a constant angle to sequentially change the cutting position, and a cutter support arm are pivoted on a lifting member whose speed is controlled by a program. A cutting means for cutting the surplus portion of the sample in the vertical direction by a cutter on the support arm, and changing the finish dimension by changing the angle of the support arm; Add a constant torque that balances the reaction force,
When the torque is no longer in equilibrium with the reaction force, it is determined as a foreign matter, and the support arm is reversed to avoid the foreign matter.

[0005]

By starting, the cutter on the support arm is lowered, and the set sample is shaving while turning to a fixed angle according to the position programmed in advance, and a sample having a predetermined diameter is cut. If a foreign substance in the sample is encountered during machining, the reaction force at the time of cutting and the torque added to the support arm of the cutter will be out of balance, and a torque of a certain value or more will be applied. However, if the balance is not maintained, the work is continued after reversing the support arm to avoid foreign matter.

[0006]

EXAMPLES First, the present invention is to prepare a sample having a predetermined diameter by cutting the outer periphery of a sample collected by boring etc. at a site where a building is to be installed. A feeding means A that clamps and rotates intermittently toward a certain angle, a cutting means B that vertically cuts an excessive portion of the sample with a cutter, and a reaction force of a certain value or more acts on the cutting means B. At this time, the avoidance means C is configured to judge that the foreign matter is present and allow the cutter to move slowly from the foreign matter.

Next, the above-mentioned means will be described in detail. The feeding means A is a motor 2 whose speed can be controlled near the front of the machine base 1.
6 is installed vertically, and a lower sample support board 25 that is rotated by the motor 26 is connected on the output shaft of the motor 26. The rotary encoder 2 is connected to the motor 26.
7 are linked to detect the rotation angle of the support plate 25, and the cutting positions of the sample are sequentially determined. or,
A support arm 21 is horizontally projected from the upper end portion of the rear support frame 2, and an elevating screw rod 22 is pivotally installed at the lower end of an upper sample support board 24 facing the support board 25 at a tip screw portion 21 'thereof. The support plate 24 is vertically screwed to rotate the upper end knob 23 of the lifting screw rod 22 to move the support plate 24 up and down.
The facing interval with 5 is changed.

In the cutting means B, a pulse motor 5 which can be controlled by a program is connected in series to the lower end of a screw rod 4 which is pivotally provided at a substantially central portion of the rear support frame 2 and is connected to the screw rod 4. The elevating member 3 provided with a ball nut is screwed to the screw rod 4, and the swinging member 13 is mounted between the tips of both supporting pieces 6a and 6b of the frame 6 attached to the front surface of the elevating member 3. The base end is pivotally installed. The two supporting arms 13 projecting forward are provided at both ends of the swinging member 13.
A wire cutter 28 made of a strong wire such as a piano wire is stretched between the ends of a and 13b, and the arm 13
The postures (angles) of a and 13b are kept constant by the foreign matter avoiding means described later. Also, the other support arm 1
A roller 15 is pivotally mounted on the tip of 3b, and a guide rod 17 pivotally mounted on a supporting member 16 on the machine base 1 is brought into contact with the rear portion on the circumferential side of the roller 15 by the upper and lower arms 17a and 17b. The arm 17b has a motion arm 18
And the tip of the arm 18 is brought into external contact with the cam 19 on the output shaft of the solenoid actuator 20 installed in the machine base 1, and the guide rod 17 is rotated by rotating the cam 19. The diameter of the sample is changed by moving it back and forth in the vertical state.

Next, the foreign matter avoiding means C will be described.
On one support arm 13a, fan-shaped teeth 14 extend from the fulcrum of the rocking member 13 in the opposite direction, and tooth rows 14a are engraved on the outer circumference thereof. A pinion gear 7 fitted to the output shaft end of the torque limiter 8 that penetrates one of the support pieces 6a is meshed with the tooth row 14a, and a torque motor 10 is connected to the input shaft of the torque limiter 8 in series. A constant torque is applied from the pinion gear 7 via the torque limiter 8 to the support arms 13a and 13b via the fan-shaped teeth 14. Also, the gear 9 of the torque limiter 8
The gear 11 of the mini motor 12 for adjusting the torque of the limiter 8 is engaged with the gear to adjust the torque.

Next, the series of operations of the above-mentioned structure will be described. Normally, the size of a sample often used is φ (diameter) 3
5 x 70 mm, φ50 x 100 mm, φ62 x 40
There are three types of mm, but here, for example, it is assumed that a cylindrical sample having a minimum diameter is machined. As an initial condition, first, the cam 19 of the solenoid actuator 20 comes into contact with the operating arm 18 at the maximum eccentric radius, and the guide rod 17 is moved. The support arms 13a and 13b are at the highest position together with the elevating member 3 of the removing means B, and the support arms 13a and 13b rotate counterclockwise at the same time as they are moved to the front (the direction away from the support frame 2). Then the cutter 28 (wire) is sample S
It is supposed to stand by at a position diagonally above so as not to hinder the wearing of the.

Then, first, by operating the knob 23, the lifting screw rod 2
While holding down the soil sample S (usually clay) collected by boring or the like between the upper and lower support plates 24 and 25 while lowering 2, the sample diameter of the control device (in this case, select the above-mentioned small diameter). By setting, the solenoid actuator 20 operates to determine the position of the guide rod 17 which guides the roller 15 so that the cam 19 is rotated to stabilize the wire 28 at the position on the minimum radius, and then the torque motor 10 is set. Rotates to rotate the fan-shaped teeth 14 in the clockwise direction via the torque limiter 8 and the pinion gear 7. Therefore, the roller 15 at the tip of the support arm 13b comes into contact with the guide rod 17, and at this time, the cutter 28 is at a position just corresponding to the planned circumference (diameter D) of the sample S'as shown in FIG.

As described above, since the preparation work for cutting is completed, FIG.
When the start button on the control panel is turned on according to the flow chart of FIG. 2, the cutter 28 descends together with the elevating member 3 when the pulse motor 5 is first started and the screw rod 4 is rotated at a constant speed according to the program stored in advance in the microcomputer. To do. At this time, a constant torque is applied to the support arms 13a and 13b by the torque motor 10,
When the torque acting on the support arms 13a and 13b and the reaction force received by the cutter 28 when the sample S is vertically scraped at a constant speed are balanced, the rotation of the pulse motor 5 is kept as it is and the cutter is fixed. Lower at a low speed.

If the sample S is hard and the reaction force at the time of cutting is larger than the torque, the lowering of the cutter 28 is delayed from the lowering of the frame 6, and the supporting arms 13a and 13b relatively rotate counterclockwise. As a result, the limit switch LS ₁ on the frame 6 shown in FIG. 1 is turned off, the rotation speed of the pulse motor 5 is reduced to slow the descending speed of the cutter, and at the same time the mini motor 12 for torque adjustment is turned on. By starting and increasing the torque of the torque limiter 8, the lowering speed of the cutter and the support arm 1
Balance with the torque acting on 3a, 13b,
The support arms 13a and 13b return to the normal posture, the limit switch LS ₁ is turned on, and the mini motor 12 is stopped.
(The appropriate torque for each sample is determined between P _{0 and} P ₁ )

By the above operation, the proper torque for the hardness of each sample is determined, and in this state, when the cutter descends at a constant speed (P ₂ ) and reaches the lowest position, the surplus piece S ₁ (FIG. 6) is cut off. At the same time, the lower limit sensor (not shown)
Is turned on, the lowering of the cutter 28 is stopped, and the supporting arms 13a and 13b are rotated counterclockwise at the next moment so that the cutter 28 does not come into contact with the sample at all, and then rises again. ON (not shown),
The first cutting operation is completed. Next, in order to cut out another position of the sample, the motor 26 is rotated to rotate the support plate 25 (corresponding to the sample axis in the flowchart: P ₃ ), and the encoder 27 detects the set angle, for example, 180 °. Support board 25 at the time
The rotation of the sample is stopped, and the operations from the above operation cycles P ₂ to P ₃ are repeated to cut parallel the opposite surfaces of the sample.

Next, the lower support board 25 is rotated according to the program of the microcomputer, and when the encoder 27 detects the set angle 90 °, the rotation of the motor 26 is stopped,
A quadrangular prism is obtained by performing the same operation cycles P ₂ to P ₃ as described above, rotating the support board 25 again by 180 ° and performing the operation cycles P ₂ to P ₃ . Furthermore, the support board 25 is 4
After turning 5 °, the four corners S ₂ of the prism are 90 °
The sample is rotated by turning 4 times and cut, and the supporting plate 25 is turned by 10 ° and cut 36 times to form a columnar sample S ′ (strictly, a polygonal column) having a predetermined radius R. A buzzer tells the end.

However, the above is a series of operations when the apparatus according to the present invention grinds a substantially homogeneous sample free from foreign matter.
Actually, in many cases, the samples taken from the ground are not easy because the shell, conglomerate, wood chips, etc. are mixed in the clay layer. For example, if it is assumed that a hard foreign matter such as a shell is mixed in the clay during the machining of the sample as described above, the foreign matter prevents the cutter 28 from advancing and becomes stagnant, but the elevating member 3 is continuously driven by the motor 5. As it tries to descend, the balance between the torque acting on the support arms 13a and 13b and the reaction force acting on the cutter 28 is broken, and the support arms 13a and 13b rotate counterclockwise,
The switch SL ₁ is turned off. At that time, the lifting member 3
Although the torque is increased while decelerating the descending speed of the torque, when the balance between the descending speed and the torque cannot be obtained, the limit of the torque limiter 8 is broken and it is determined that there is a foreign substance, and the support arm 13
Since a and 13b rotate counterclockwise and the cutter itself avoids foreign matter, the reaction force acting on the cutter disappears, so that the cutter 28 returns to the initial set torque state and the switch LS ₁ is turned on. Then, continue cutting the sample, lower the cutter to the lowest position, and then return to the upper position. After repeating this operation a predetermined number of times, the foreign matter is finally removed, and the recessed portion is filled with the surplus scraped clay material to complete a sample of a predetermined size.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a supporting arm 13 '.
a and 13'b have different lengths, and both support arms 13'a,
Cutter 28 (wire) stretched between the tips of 13'b
It is intended to reduce the resistance, that is, the reaction force, when the sample is machined by inclining, and the other configuration and operation are exactly the same as the former embodiment, so the description here will be omitted. Therefore omitted.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, the supporting arm of the cutter is pivotally provided on the elevating member as described above, and a constant torque is always applied to the supporting arm against the reaction force received by the cutter during cutting to automatically balance the supporting arm. If the balance is lost, the cutter is judged to be a foreign substance and the cutter is moved slowly, so if a foreign substance is encountered while the outer periphery of the unprocessed cylindrical sample is being scraped off, the foreign substance is automatically avoided. As a result, it is possible to overcome all the biggest difficulties that have prevented automation so far. Also,
Since it can be automated, unlike the conventional manual work, the cutter moves along the guide rod, so the cutting surface is straight and the finish is accurate, and the workability is greatly improved and the efficiency is remarkably improved. Save time. Then, the hardness of each sample can be determined from the magnitude of the torque applied to balance with the cutting reaction force during the initial cutting preparation. Further, when facing a foreign object during work, it is extremely difficult to perform the operation of avoiding the foreign object from the foreign object in the sample with a wide normal blade, but it is extremely difficult to perform the operation without damaging the sample. By using a wire as the wire, the avoidance operation can be performed very easily without damaging the sample. Further, as shown in the second embodiment of FIG. 4, the cutting reaction force is reduced by inclining the cutter with respect to the traveling direction,
There are many effects peculiar to the present invention such that the work can be further facilitated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external side view of a shaving machine of the present invention.

[Figure 2] Same as above

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the other embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the collected sample

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing how to delete a sample.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the operation of the shaving machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Lifting member 5, 26 Motor 8 Torque limiter 10 Torque motor 12 Mini motor 13a, 13b Support arm 14 Fan tooth 24, 25 Support plate 28 Cutter A Feeding means B Cutting means C Avoiding means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A feed means for gripping a sample and rotating it by a drive device at a constant angle to sequentially change the excision position,
The cutter support arm is pivotally mounted on the lifting member whose speed is controlled by the program, and the cutter on the support arm cuts the excess portion of the sample in the vertical direction, and the finish arm size is changed by changing the angle of the support arm. A constant torque that balances the reaction force at the time of cutting is added to the cutting means and the supporting arm, and when the torque no longer balances with the reaction force, it is determined as a foreign matter, and the supporting arm is reversed to remove the foreign matter. A soil sample shaving machine, characterized by comprising an avoiding means adapted to slow down.