JPH087585B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of simulating a wind instrument or the like, and particularly to a sound source based on input data such as a position or pressure corresponding to a musical tone parameter from a performance operator. Is related to improvements to ensure normal pronunciation.

[Prior Art] An electronic musical instrument that generates a player of a wind instrument such as a clarinet is equipped with a physical sound source that generates an electronic sound by physically approximating the sound generated by the air vibration in the mouthpiece of the wind musical instrument with an electric circuit. There is. In such an electronic wind instrument, the pitch information of key depression is input by keyboard operation, and the parameter control signal corresponding to the breath pressure and ampsure of the wind operation is formed by the key depression speed, key depression pressure, etc. It is input to create and generate electronic sound.

In the conventional electronic musical instruments, the musical tone control signal depending on the operation position and the operation pressure of the performance operator is input to the sound source substantially directly by being multiplied by a certain coefficient regardless of the region such as speed and pressure.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when the operation information of the performance operator is directly input to the sound source, there is no sound in a certain operation area, or an irregular sound such as an unpleasant sound or a so-called inside-out sound is generated. was there. Therefore, it is not easy to play the electronic musical instrument because it is necessary to operate the performance manipulator while avoiding such irregular sound generation.

The reason for the occurrence of such irregular sound occurs because, for example, the breath pressure and the amplifier parameter are not within the normal sounding region. As shown in FIG. 6, the relationship between the breath pressure of a wind instrument and ampure is expressed by four straight lines, a normal sounding area A where a sound starts to sound, a continuous area B where a sound that has occurred once continues, and a sound Irregular area C that disappears or produces an unpleasant sound
It is roughly divided into and. Therefore, when the performance operator is operated in a state corresponding to a certain breath pressure, unless the amplifier at that time is too high or too low to enter the sound generation area A, no sound starts to be produced. Further, when the sound enters the irregular sound area C, the sound disappears, or an unpleasant sound or a flip sound is generated.

In the conventional electronic musical instrument, since the operation information of the performance operator is directly input to the sound source, it may enter an irregular sound area depending on the operation state. In such a case, the sound disappears or an unpleasant sound is generated. Had occurred.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and is provided with a performance operator most suitable for driving a physical sound source similar to a wind instrument, and has a normal sounding regardless of the operation state of the performance operator. An object is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of simulating a wind instrument or the like that can be played in a state.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1
One of a performance operator that outputs position information and pressure information of an operator, a sound source unit that generates a tone signal based on a plurality of types of parameters, and one of position information and pressure information that is generated from the performance operator. The information is corrected to the information of the soundable area of the sound source means defined by the position information and the pressure information, and the other information of the corrected information and the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator. And a correction means for inputting to the sound source means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the electronic musical instrument according to the first aspect further comprises a sounding instructing means for instructing the generation of a musical tone signal, and the correction means is (a) Within a predetermined time after the generation is instructed, one of the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator is corrected to the information of the sounding area of the soundable section of the sound source means, (B) One or more of the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator is set in the sound generation area of the sound source means after a predetermined time has elapsed since the generation of the tone signal was instructed by the sound generation instruction means. It is characterized in that it is corrected to information of a continuous area other than the sounding area.

[Operation] One of the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator is corrected to the information of the soundable area of the sound source means defined by the position information and the pressure information, and the corrected information is used. The other information of the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator is input to the sound source means.

Embodiment Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic wind instrument according to the present invention. The performance operator 1 is a three-dimensional tablet device, and includes a pen 2 and a tablet 3. The performance operator 1 outputs a position data signal X, Y of the X coordinate and Y coordinate on the tablet 3 by the pen 2 and a pressure data signal P by writing pressure. The position data signals X and Y and the pressure data signal P are input to the correction circuit 4.

The correction circuit 4 corrects the position data and the pressure data so that the position data and the pressure data are in a sounding region where the sound starts to be generated at the time of rising, which is the first sounding, and converts them into a breath pressure parameter and an embouchure parameter and inputs them to the sound source 6. To do. Further, pitch information (key number) corresponding to the scale is input to the sound source 6 by operating the keyboard 5. The sound source 6 creates an electronic sound based on the breath pressure data, the embouchure data and the pitch data, and emits the electronic sound via the sound system 7.

Another example of the performance operator is shown in FIG. This example is an example using a joystick mechanism. By rotating the operating rod 8 supported by a freely rotatable bearing (not shown) to an arbitrary position, the rotary volumes 9 and 10 in the X and Y directions rotate and the rotational position in the X and Y directions is detected. Further, by providing a pressure sensitive sensor on the grip portion of the operating rod 8, the operating pressure is detected.

Another example of the performance operator is shown in FIG. This example is an example using a mouse mechanism. A rotatable ball 12 is mounted in the main body 11, and by rolling on a flat plate, X,
The amount of movement in the Y direction is detected by the rotary volumes 14 and 15 and output as position data in the X and Y directions. Also,
By providing the pressure sensor 13 on the upper surface of the main body, the pressing force is output as pressure data.

Still another example of the performance operator which is the input device for controlling the musical tone parameters of the electronic wind instrument according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 is a top view, and FIG.
(B) is an enlarged side view and a top view of a main part, respectively. This input device is a slide volume type operator,
The manipulator 27 slides along the central guide groove 26 of the main body 25 constituting the slide volume. As shown in FIG. 5, the operator 27 includes a slider 28 that slides along the guide groove 26 as shown by an arrow D and an operation piece mounted on the slider 28.
It consists of 29. The operation piece 29 is preferably rotatable with respect to the slider 28 as indicated by arrow F in order to facilitate the sliding operation. In this case, the rotation angle can be detected and used as the musical tone control data. The operation piece 29 is the second
Of the slide volume of. Guide groove for operation piece 29
The slider 31 slides along the line 30 as indicated by arrow E. Controller
The first position data is obtained from the resistance value according to the position of 27, and the second position data is obtained from the resistance value according to the position of the operator 31.

A pressure sensor 32 is attached to the side surface of the manipulator 29, and the pressure during operation is measured to obtain pressure data. These two
The tone control parameters are calculated based on the one position data and the pressure data, and the above-described correction calculation is performed.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to control of a sound source for an electronic wind instrument will be described. In the wind instrument algorithm, the pronunciation characteristic due to the relationship between the embouchure and the breath pressure is approximated to a straight line as shown in FIG. Unlike the stringed instrument,
The four straight lines do not pass through the origin and each has an intercept. 2 in the center
A range between the straight lines b and c of the book is a sounding region A, a range on both outer sides thereof is a sustaining region B, and a range outside the two straight lines a and d is an irregular sound region C. Further, the inclination of each straight line varies greatly depending on the pitch.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a control system for correcting a control signal from a performance operator based on such a sounding region characteristic of a wind instrument and inputting it to a sound source. As the input device, a performance operator 74 composed of a three-dimensional tablet that draws a locus on the XY plane is used. The writing pressure data for pressing the performance operator and the XY coordinate data indicating the X and Y positions are detected by the detection circuit.
It is input to the tone generation area correction conversion program 75. The input data is converted by the conversion program 76 into breath pressure data and embouchure data having a value that falls within a predetermined normal sounding region, and is input to the sound source control circuit 77.

On the other hand, by operating the keyboard 78, the key number is input to the sound source control circuit 77 as pitch information.

The physical sound source that generates the electronic sound has a hysteresis characteristic that, after generating the sound once, maintains the normal sound generation in the sustain area B outside the sound generation area A. Therefore,
After the sound begins to sound once, it is desirable that the position of the parameter be widely changed including the continuous region to have a wide range of sound quality.

FIG. 8 shows a flow for determining the switching between the rising process for starting the sound and the continuous process after the rising. First, the maximum value of the embouchure is set (step 7
9). Next, the inclinations and intercepts of the four straight lines a, b, c, d (Fig. 6) are read from a predetermined table (step 80). Next, the intercept for the addition at the time of rising and the time of continuing is calculated (step 81). Next, at step 82, it is judged if it is a rising process. This determination is performed, for example, by counting the number of rising processes and determining whether the counted number has reached a predetermined set value. If it is the rising process, the parameter is determined by the key code (step 83), the minimum value of the embouchure is set (step 84), the breath pressure at the rising time is calculated (step 85), and the breath pressure is corrected. (Step 86). When this breath pressure correction is completed, the counter is incremented (step 87). When the number of counts exceeds a predetermined set value, the process is switched to continuous processing, the parameter by the key code is determined (step 88), the minimum value of the embouchure is set (step 89), and the breath pressure for sustaining the sound is set. It is calculated (step 90) and the breath pressure is corrected (step 91). FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a sound source control system for a wind instrument type electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. Performance controller consisting of a three-dimensional tablet 74
X position data, Y position data, and writing pressure data are transmitted from and are stored in the register 94. The X and Y coordinate data are the reference coordinates X ₀ and Y ₀ stored in the reference point coordinate register 92.
Using, the speed, direction and distance are calculated by the arithmetic circuit 93 at regular intervals, and the calculation result is stored in the register 94. The register 94 is connected to the tone control parameter calculation circuit 95.

On the other hand, from the keyboard 78, key code information representing a scale and lateral vibration information for shifting each parameter value in the positive and negative directions are transmitted and stored in the register 96. This register 96 is also connected to the tone control parameter calculation circuit 95.

The tone control parameter calculation circuit 95 reads out data required for calculation from the registers 94 and 96, calculates each parameter, that is, breath pressure, amplifier, delay length, multiplier coefficient, filter coefficient, and other data, and sends it to the sound source 97. To do. sound source
97 emits the created electronic sound from the sound system 99 via the D / A converter 98.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control mechanism of the electronic wind instrument according to the present invention. Signals from the performance operator 74 and the keyboard 78 are input to the CPU 18 via a bus line. The CPU 18 calculates the tone control parameters by reading out the necessary data from the ROM 103 storing the routine programs and the data necessary for the arithmetic processing and the RAM 104 storing the calculation results during the arithmetic processing. The panel switch 105 is used to select a tone color, vibrato, etc., and switch various modes. The display 106 displays the selected switch or mode. Timer 17
Is for performing an interrupt routine with respect to the main routine by the CPU 18 at a fixed cycle of about several ms.

FIG. 11 shows a basic main routine. Step 107
At, each arithmetic circuit is initialized, and each sound source parameter is set to a predetermined initial value. Subsequently, the key switch processing (step 108) and other switch processing (step 109) of the keyboard are repeated. With respect to such a main routine, an interrupt routine (described later) is executed at a constant cycle by the timer to calculate the various control parameters.

FIG. 12 shows a routine for a key-on event when the keyboard is pressed in step 108 of the main routine.
The key code of the depressed key is stored in the register KCD (step 110).

FIG. 13 shows the routine when the numerical input to the breath pressure control device for setting the breath pressure related parameters in step 109 of the main routine is turned on. First, the input numerical value is stored in the register BUF (step 11).
1). The data in BUF is stored in the breath pressure device register PDEV (step 112). Subsequently, the breath pressure control device name is displayed (step 113). In this embodiment, a device (operator data) for controlling breath pressure and the like can be arbitrarily selected.

FIG. 14 shows the routine for the lateral shake effect switch-on event in step 109 of the main routine. Step
At 114, a flag indicating whether or not the horizontal shake effect is applied to a predetermined parameter is switched. In step 115, it is judged whether or not this flag is "1", that is, whether or not the horizontal shake is effective. If it is "1", horizontal shake on is displayed (step 117), and if it is not "1", horizontal shake off is displayed (step 116). In this embodiment, it is possible to select, for each parameter, whether or not to add the parameter due to the lateral wobbling of the keyboard.

FIG. 15 shows a panel switch processing routine in step 109 of the main routine. When the switch is turned on, the edit screen displaying the parameter to be processed is selected and the screen number is stored in the register PAGE (step 11).
8). The screen of this stored number is displayed. (Step 119). Next, breath pressure, embouchure, delay,
It is sequentially determined whether or not other edit processing is performed (determination steps 120, 122, 124). If YES in each determination step, a routine for setting a breath pressure related parameter, an embouchure related parameter, and a delay related parameter is executed (steps 121, 123, 12).
Five). Further, other switch processing is performed (step 126).

FIG. 16 shows the first interrupt routine by the timer described above. First, XY coordinate data and pressure data are fetched from the performance operator and stored in each register (step
127). Based on these stored data, the moving speed, direction and distance of the performance operator are calculated according to a routine described later and stored in each register (step 128). Further, the horizontal shake information is captured (step 129). Each parameter of the embouchure and breath pressure is calculated based on the above-mentioned data according to a routine described later (step 130).

FIG. 17 shows a second interrupt routine by the timer described above. First, a delay length parameter process is performed according to a routine described later (step 131). Subsequently, a loop gain of a sound source circuit, which will be described later, is calculated (step 132), and filter cutoff parameter processing, filter resonance parameter processing, and other parameter processing are performed (steps 133, 134, 135).

FIG. 18 shows step 130 of the interrupt routine of FIG.
2 shows an example of a parameter processing routine for embouchure and breath pressure in FIG. First, at step 136, an embouchure device to be processed is identified by the number of the register EDEV. The device number (DEVN) is, for example, 0 for a standard value or calculated from other parameters, 1 for the X coordinate (X) of the tablet, 2 for the Y coordinate (Y), 3 for the pressure of the tablet (PR), 4 indicates the speed of the tablet (VEL) and 5 indicates the distance (DIST). When the register EDEV for embouchure is not "0", first the input data of the device indicated by EDEV is read and this is input to BUF (step 137).
Next, the value of BUF is converted into embouchure data by a method corresponding to EDEV, and this is input to EBUF and stored (step 13
8). Then, the processing for horizontal shake is performed at 139 and 140. Here, KSEF (EN) is a flag that indicates whether lateral shake (KSH) is effective for the ENth parameter, and DEP (EN) is
Indicates the depth of the effect when lateral shake is effective for the ENth parameter. As the parameter number of the EN number surface, for example, 1 is an embouchure, 2 is a breath pressure, 3 is a delay length, 4 is a loop gain, 5 is a filter cutoff, and 6 is a filter resonance. Next, at step 141, the breath pressure register PDEV
Is determined. If it is 0, EBUF is set in step 146.
It is determined whether or not the value of (steps 138, 140) is larger than a predetermined threshold value. If it is smaller than the threshold value, it is ignored as noise, the number of processes is cleared to 0, and the process ends (step
147). If it is larger than the threshold value, predetermined operators K ₁ and K ₂ are obtained (step 155), a predetermined operation is performed based on this, and the result is input to the register PBUF (step 156). Then, the register TIME is rewritten (step 157). If the number is not 0 in the judgment step 141, the input data of the device indicated by PDEV is read and this is input to the BUF and stored (step 142). The value of this BUF is converted into breath pressure data by a method corresponding to PDEV, and is input and stored in PBUF (step 143). Subsequently, a breath pressure correction calculation routine described later is performed (step 145). Next, the same processing for lateral shake as in steps 139 and 140 described above is performed (step 14).
8, 149). Ambusher data EBUF obtained from the above
And breath pressure data PBUF is sent to the sound source (step 15).
0).

On the other hand, when the embsure device register EDEV is 0 in step 136, the routine of FIG. 19 is executed.
First, the device is identified by the number of the breath pressure device register PDEV (step 151). When PDEV is also 0, it is displayed as an error (step 152). If the value is other than 0, the input data of the device indicated by PDEV is read and input to BUF for storage (step 153). The value of this BUF is converted into breath pressure data by the method corresponding to PDEV,
Input to PBUF and store (step 154). Next, PBUF is compared with a predetermined threshold value (step 160), and if smaller than the threshold value, it is ignored as noise. If it is larger than the threshold value, predetermined operators K ₁ and K ₂ are obtained (step 161), a predetermined operation is performed based on this, and the result is input to the register EBUF (step 162). Then, the register TIME is rewritten (step 163). Next, the same processing for lateral shake as in steps 139 and 140 described above is performed (steps 164 and 16).
Five). The data E for embouchure obtained as described above
The BUF and the data PBUF for breath pressure are sent to the sound source (step 166).

FIG. 20 shows step 131 of the interrupt routine shown in FIG.
3 shows a delay length parameter processing routine in FIG. First, the device is identified by the number of the delay length register DDEV (step 167). If it is 0, the key code is input to the delay length key code register TGKCD (step 1
70). If the value is other than 0, the input data of the device indicated by DDEV is read and input to BUF for storage (step 1
68). The value of this BUF is converted into key code data by a method corresponding to DDEV and input to TGKCD (step 169).
Next, it is judged whether or not the horizontal shaking effect is applied to the delay length (step 171). If there is no horizontal shake, the TGKCD data is directly input to KBUF (step 172). If there is horizontal shake, the horizontal shake is corrected and input to KBUF (step 173). Next, the value of KBUF is converted to the delay length and this is set to the delay length register DBUF.
(Step 174). The delay length data obtained as described above is sent to the sound source (step 17
Five).

FIG. 21 shows a routine for loop gain parameter processing in the interrupt routine (FIG. 17). First step 17
Determine the number of gain device register GDEV with 6. 0
If so, the standard gains STG1 and STG2 are set as loop gains G1 and G2 to be input to the tone generator circuit (step 177). If it is not 0, the input data of the device indicated by GDEV is read out and input to BUF for storage (step 178). This BUF value is converted into an attenuation coefficient by a method corresponding to GDEV, and this is converted to G1,
G2. Next, a horizontal fluctuation process is performed on the loop gain (steps 180 and 181), and the finally obtained loop gains G1 and G2 are sent to the sound source (step 182).

FIG. 22 shows the arithmetic routine of step 128 in the constant-cycle interrupt routine (FIG. 16) by the timer. In step 183, the movement amounts ΔX and ΔY in each direction are obtained from the difference between the XY coordinate positions of the previous time and this time. In step 184, the distances L _X and L _Y from the reference position (X ₀ , Y ₀ ) are obtained. Based on these data, the speed VEL of the tablet (performance operator), the equivalent rotation amount LOT, the rotation direction DI
R, moving distance DIST (steps 185, 186, 187, 18)
9). After the calculation is completed, the position data X and Y of this time are stored in the register for the next calculation (step 190).

FIG. 23 shows a first example of the breath pressure correction calculation routine in step 145 of FIG. First, the parameter processing routine of the above-mentioned embouchure and breath pressure (Figs. 18 and 19)
The EBUF calculated in the figure) is compared with a predetermined threshold value (step 191). If it is smaller than the threshold value, it is ignored as noise.
If it is larger than the threshold value, it is judged whether or not the number of times of processing has reached a predetermined value (step 192). If not reached, the predetermined operator B from the delay length key code register TGKCD
₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₄ are obtained and set as K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ , K ₄ (Step 1
93). The _{B 1, B 2, B 3} , B 4 are each in a straight line b, c graphs delimiting the pronunciation region shown in FIG. 26, in _{b 1, b 2, c 1} -b 1, c 2 -b 2 Correspond. In this graph, the straight lines b and c are y
= B ₁ + b ₂ x, y = c ₁ + c _2x . input in the x direction
If x _in and the input _in the Y direction are y _in , for example, if y is put in the sound generation area between the straight lines b and c by calculation correction, x _in is set as x
b ₁ + b ₂ x + {(c ₁ −b ₁ ) + (c ₂ −b ₂ ) x} y _in / y _in MAX is calculated with y.

When K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ and K ₄ are obtained in step 193, the number of times of processing is incremented (step 195). Next, this K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ , K ₄
Based on the above, perform a predetermined calculation and store in PBUF (step
196). The calculation in step 196 corresponds to the calculation performed with x _in being x and b ₁ + b ₂ x + {(c ₁ −b ₁ ) + (c ₂ −b ₂ ) x} y _in / y _in MAX being y .

On the other hand, when the predetermined set value is reached in step 192, A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are obtained from TGKCD and these are K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ and K ₄
(Step 194), the calculation of step 196 is performed. This A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are the 26th, similar to the above B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ and B ₄ .
In the graph of straight line b, c that divides the pronunciation area shown in the figure, b ₁ ,
It corresponds to b ₂ , c ₁ −b ₁ and c ₂ −b ₂ , respectively.

FIG. 24 shows a second example of the breath pressure correction calculation routine. Similar to the above-mentioned first example (FIG. 23), EBUF is compared with a predetermined threshold value (step 197), and the number of times of processing is compared with a predetermined set value (step 198). If it is less than the set value, TIM
Increment E (step 199). Next step
At 200, i is set, and the illustrated operation is repeated four times to calculate K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ , and K ₄ . On the other hand, when the number of times of processing reaches the set value in the discrimination step 198, K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ and K ₄ are obtained from TGKCD similarly to step 194 of FIG. 23 (step 20
2). Based on K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ , and K ₄ thus obtained,
PBUF is calculated in the same manner as step 196 in the figure (step 201).

FIG. 25 shows an example of the tone generator circuit of the wind instrument algorithm according to the present invention. The breath pressure signal and the embouchure signal corrected as described above are respectively applied to the subtracter 20 which serves as a circuit input section.
3 and input to the adder 205. The subtractor 203 subtracts the breath pressure signal from the input signal of the signal line L2 to output a differential pressure signal for displacing the lead of the mouthpiece. A low-pass filter 2 is provided on the output side of the subtractor 203.
04 is connected to remove the high frequency component of the differential pressure signal. This is because the leads do not respond to high frequency components. The adder 205 adds the embouchure signal and the output of the low-pass filter 204 and outputs the result to the nonlinear table 206. The non-linear table 206 simulates the amount of displacement of the lead with respect to the applied pressure and has a predetermined input / output characteristic. As a result, the output of the non-linear table 206 becomes a signal representing the air passage area in the lead of the mouthpiece. The output of this non-linear table 206 is connected to one input of a multiplier 216. The differential pressure signal from the subtractor 203 is input to the other input side of the multiplier 216 via the non-linear table 207. This non-linear table 207 simulates that even if the differential pressure becomes large, the flow velocity is saturated in a narrow pipeline and the differential pressure and the flow velocity are not proportional. Based on these two input signals, the output signal of the multiplier 216 becomes a signal representing the air flow velocity at the lead of the mouthpiece.

The multiplier 216 is connected to the adder 210 via the attenuator 209. The loop gain G1 obtained in the above-described calculation routine (FIG. 21) is input to the attenuator 209. The attenuator 209 is connected to the input side of the adder 210.

The adder 210 forms a junction with the adder 211. The adder 210 adds the signal on the output side of the delay circuit 215 for forming the signal line L2 and the output signal of the attenuator 209 and outputs the result to the signal line L1. The other adder 211 adds the signal on the signal line L1 and the signal from the delay circuit 215 and outputs the result to the signal line L2. This loop simulates the combined pressure of the incident wave and the reflected wave from the resonance tube due to the input flow velocity immediately after the gap between the mouthpiece and the lead.

The signal on the signal line L1 is fed back to the signal line L2 via the filter 213, the attenuator 214 and the delay circuit 215. The filter 213 is a low-pass filter alone or a combination of a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter. filter
The filter cutoff parameters and resonance parameters calculated in the interrupt routine (FIG. 17) described above are input to 204 and 213. The loop gain G2 obtained by the calculation routine of FIG. 21 is input to the attenuator 214. Delay circuit 21
The delay length parameter obtained from the calculation routine of FIG. 20 is input to 5. The filter 213 simulates the shape of a resonance tube. The delay circuit 215 simulates a state in which an incident wave from the mouthpiece returns to the mouthpiece as a reflected wave according to the length of the resonance tube and the length from the end of the resonance tube to the tone hole.

The waveform signal of the signal line L1 is taken out as an electronic sound output through the bandpass filter 212 for simulating the radiation characteristic of the musical sound in the air.

FIG. 27 is a graph showing the relationship between breath pressure (pr) and ampsure (em). The straight line and the shaded area between them indicate the range in which the sound normally sounds. The pen on the above-mentioned three-dimensional tablet outputs writing pressure in addition to XY coordinates. Therefore, for example, the embouchure can be calculated from (Y coordinate) × (writing pressure / maximum writing pressure), and the breath pressure can be calculated from the embouchure.

 The equation of the straight line, is assumed as follows.

: pr = em / a + a ': pr = em / d + d' In this case, the breath pressure pr in the shaded area is pr = em / d + d '+
It can be obtained as {(1 / a−1 / d) em + a′−d ′} × (X coordinate) / (maximum X coordinate).

In the wind instrument algorithm, examples of assignment of pressure and X, Y coordinate input parameters by a three-dimensional tablet (or mouse, joystick, etc.) and musical tone control parameters are listed below.

I. The pressure corresponds to the embouchure and the X coordinate corresponds to the breath pressure.

B. Velocity (calculated from X, Y coordinates) corresponds to Embouchure and pressure corresponds to breath pressure.

C. Correspond the Y coordinate to the embouchure and the pressure to the breath pressure.

D. Corresponding the pressure to the degree of rising and disappearing,
Ambushure is calculated from the dissolution and the breath pressure is further calculated. Make the sound rise when the pressure changes from 0. In this case, the relationship between the time when the sound rises and the volume is shown in FIGS. 28 (a) and 28 (b). (A) shows the case where the pressure change is large, and (b) shows the case where the pressure change is small. It is executed when the speed is 0, such as when the operation is started.

On the contrary, the sound should disappear when the pressure changes to 0. The relationship between volume and time in this case is shown in FIG. 29 (a),
It shows in (b). (A) is when the pressure change is large, (b)
Indicates the case where the pressure change is small. It is executed when the speed becomes 0, such as at the end of the operation.

E. Corresponding the pressure to the degree of rising and disappearing,
The distance from the center coordinate of the manipulator corresponds to the embouchure, and the velocity corresponds to the breath pressure.

F. Corresponding to the rise and disappearance of pressure,
The distance from the center coordinate of the manipulator is calculated as the embouchure, and the breath pressure is calculated from the embouchure.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of a parameter control method in consideration of lateral shake information. Vibrato is applied when lateral shake information is input. In normal times, breath pressure = pressure × velocity, and control is performed so as to move along the dotted straight line in the figure. In this case, the embouchure is calculated from the breath pressure, for example, with Ambushua = constant × breath pressure. When the lateral shake information is entered, the breath pressure is fixed at that point and the embouchure is moved to the point G on the straight line.
Then, it is changed within the range of the straight line according to the lateral shake information. This makes it possible to easily apply vibrato.

In this embodiment, the tone generation region characteristic is approximated by four straight lines, but it may be an arbitrary number or a curve depending on the physical sound source algorithm used.

[Effect of the Invention] As described above, in the invention described in claim 1, when the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator are transmitted to the sound source, the position information and the pressure information are generated based on the position information and the pressure information. The information generated from the performance operator is corrected and input to the sound source means based on the soundable area of the sound source means defined by the position information and the pressure information so that the electronic sound to be generated always enters the normal sound generation area. I am trying. Therefore, the sound is surely generated regardless of the operation state of the performance operator, and the electronic musical instrument can be easily played.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the region of the parameter to be corrected is switched depending on the time elapsed after the generation of the tone signal is instructed, so that a reliable sound is produced and the sound is produced. The expression range of can be expanded.

In particular, the tone color of the wind instrument can be played by the electronic musical instrument by using the sounding region characteristic diagram of the wind instrument algorithm. In this case, the expressiveness is richer than playing with only the keyboard. It is easier to play than an actual wind instrument, and the performer's breathing is easy because the sound is reliably generated by operating the operating elements. With a wind instrument, the sound is adjusted by the degree of biting of the reed, the breath pressure, etc. during the performance, but the sound can be easily adjusted because the operator only moves his or her hand. Since the hand can be freely moved on the operator, a wide dynamic range can be secured. You can easily control the volume and sound quality. In addition, it is possible to sensuously match the motion for pronunciation with the sound. Furthermore, the duration of the sound can be lengthened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an example of an electronic musical instrument control mechanism provided with a performance operator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an illustration of another example of a performance operator, and FIG. 3 is a further illustration of a performance operator. An explanatory view of an example, FIG. 4 is a top view of a slide volume type performance operator, FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are side views and a top view of essential parts of the performance operator of FIG. 4, and FIG. Sound area characteristic diagram of wind instrument algorithm, FIG. 7 is a basic configuration diagram of a sound source control mechanism of an electronic wind instrument using a 3D tablet, FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a process switching operation at the time of rising and sustaining a sound of the electronic wind instrument, 9 Figure is a block diagram of the sound source control mechanism of the electronic wind instrument, Figure 10 is a basic configuration diagram of the electronic wind instrument, Figure 11 is an explanatory view of the main flow of the sound source control program, Figure 12 is an operation explanatory diagram at the time of key-on, Figure 13 is a flow chart when assigning a device related to breath pressure. Flow chart of lateral shake effect, FIG. 15 is a flow chart of panel switch processing, FIG. 16 is a flow chart of a first example of an interrupt routine, FIG. 17 is a flow chart of a second example of an interrupt routine, and 18 19 and 20 are a flow chart of an embouchure and breath pressure parameter processing routine, FIG. 20 is a flow chart of a delay length parameter processing routine, FIG. 21 is a flow chart of a loop gain processing routine, and FIG. 22 is an arithmetic processing routine. 23, FIG. 23 is a flowchart of the first example of the breath pressure correction routine, FIG. 24 is a flowchart of the second example of the breath pressure routine, and FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram of the sound source of the wind instrument algorithm. Fig. 26 is an explanatory diagram of breath pressure correction calculation, Fig. 27 is a relational graph of breath pressure and embouchure of wind instrument algorithm, and Fig. 28 (a) and (b) are rise time of sound when pressure is high and low, respectively. Time and volume Fig. 29 is a relational graph, Fig. 29 (a) and (b) are relational graphs of time and volume when sound disappears when the pressure is high and low, respectively, and Fig. 30 is a control explanatory diagram of the lateral shake effect in the wind instrument algorithm. Is. 1,27,74: Performance controller, 4: Correction circuit, 5,78: Keyboard, 6,97: Sound source, 18: CPU, 76: Conversion program.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A performance operator for outputting position information and pressure information of an operator, a sound source means for generating a musical tone signal based on a plurality of types of parameters, and position information and pressure information generated by the performance operator. One of the information is corrected to the information of the soundable region of the sound source means defined by the position information and the pressure information, and the corrected information and the position information and the pressure information generated from the performance operator are An electronic musical instrument comprising: a correction unit that inputs the other information to the sound source unit. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a sound production instructing means for instructing the generation of a musical tone signal, wherein the correcting means comprises: (a) generation of a musical tone signal instructed by the sound producing instructing means. Within a predetermined time from, one of the position information and pressure information generated from the performance operator,
(B) Position information generated from the performance operator after a predetermined time has elapsed since the generation of a tone signal was instructed by the sounding instructing means, And one of the pressure information,
An electronic musical instrument, characterized in that correction is made to information of a sustaining area other than the sounding area in the soundable area of the sound source means.