JPH0871525A - Organic matter decomposing and weight-reducing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily adjust temp., humidity and an oxygen amt. and to accelerate the decomposition of org. matter by providing a heat source part heating an org. patter receiving part to accelerate the decomposition of org. matter due to bacteria and an oxygen forming part forming oxygen by the electrolysis of water to supply oxygen to the org. matter receiving part. CONSTITUTION: A garbage receiving part 2 receives garbage and aerobic bacteria to be brought to a fermetically closed state while water and carbon 15 are charged in a tank 14 and a proper PC current and voltage converted and adjusted by an AC/DC generator 16 are applied to electrodes 12, 13. The oxygen gas generated by electrolyzing water in an oxygen forming heat source part 3 is supplied to the garbage receiving part 2 and the garbage receiving part 2 is heated by Joule heat generated from carbon 15 and water by the current supplied to the electrodes 12, 13. By this constitution, bacteria in the garbage receiving part 2 are activated to accelerate the decomposition of garbage. The AC/DC generator/6 is properly controlled by a control means according to the detection result of the temp. change and oxygen amt. in the garbage receiving part 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for decomposing and reducing organic matter, and more particularly to an apparatus for decomposing and reducing organic matter, which uses a microorganism and can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter such as garbage by the microorganism and has a compact structure. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a device for decomposing and reducing organic substances, a garbage disposal device is known. This food waste treating apparatus generally heats an organic matter storage unit for storing organic matter such as food waste and a microorganism that decomposes the organic matter, and an organic matter in the organic matter storage unit to accelerate decomposition of the organic matter by the microorganism. And a heat source part for adjusting the amount of heat from the heat source part to accelerate the decomposition of organic substances by the microorganisms.

By the way, in this apparatus, in order to decompose organic matter by microorganisms, it is necessary to adjust the temperature, oxygen content and humidity in the organic matter storage section. And, this temperature adjustment is usually performed by a heat source part composed of a heating element such as a nichrome heating element and a ceramic heater, and the adjustment of the oxygen amount and the humidity is sufficient for intake and exhaust of the organic substance storage section. I am doing it.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional organic substance decomposing / reducing apparatus has the following problems.
That is, since the temperature of the organic substance storage section is adjusted by using a heating element such as a nichrome heating element or a ceramic heater, it is necessary to consider the electrical insulation and prevent the local temperature from rising. Therefore, its structure becomes complicated. This nichrome heating element, heating element such as a ceramic heater has a short life. Therefore, the replacement work is required and the handling is troublesome. Since an intake / exhaust structure for adjusting the amount of oxygen and humidity is required, the heat retaining / heat retaining efficiency of the heating element is reduced.
That is, it is difficult to form a closed structure. In addition, since it is not possible to form a closed structure, a bad odor generated from organic substances such as garbage is diffused to the outside, which is not preferable in terms of environmental hygiene.

By the way, these problems can be solved by enlarging the structure of the entire apparatus so that a sufficient amount of oxygen for self-heating / decomposition of microorganisms can be replenished in a sealed state, and an efficient apparatus for decomposing organic matter is obtained. be able to. However, in this case, since the size is 1 cubic meter or more, a large space is required, which is impractical.

The present invention has been made in response to the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to have a compact and sealed structure and to provide an environment such as temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment, oxygen amount adjustment and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic substance decomposition weight loss device that can be easily adjusted and can accelerate the decomposition of organic substances by microorganisms.

[0007]

The organic substance decomposing / reducing apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems is an organic substance for accommodating organic substances such as garbage and microorganisms for decomposing the organic substance. An accommodating part, a heat source part for heating the organic substance accommodating part to accelerate decomposition of the organic substance by the microorganism, and an oxygen generating part for generating oxygen by electrolysis of water and supplying the oxygen to the organic substance accommodating part. It has a structure having. In addition, the apparatus for decomposing / reducing organic matter according to claim 2 is the same as that according to claim 1.
In the invention described above, the oxygen generation unit has a configuration in which the electrode polarity can be switched.

Further, the apparatus for decomposing organic matter according to claim 3 is
An organic matter storage unit that stores organic matter such as garbage and microorganisms that decompose the organic matter, and oxygen is generated by electrolysis of water,
An oxygen generation unit for supplying the oxygen to the organic substance storage unit,
Carbon, such as activated carbon, is mixed and arranged in the water tank of the oxygen generator.

[0009]

The apparatus for decomposing organic matter according to claim 1 of the present invention is installed, for example, in each home or business place, and the organic matter storage section stores organic matter such as garbage from the household and decomposes the organic matter. After storing and sealing the microorganisms for use, the heat source section heats and keeps the inside of the organic matter storage section to accelerate the decomposition of the organic matter by the microorganisms, and the oxygen supply section also performs electrolysis of water inside the organic matter storage section. By supplying oxygen to the mixture and adjusting the amount of oxygen, it is possible to decompose the organic matter by the microorganism and reduce the amount thereof. That is, since the oxygen generation unit is configured to generate oxygen by electrolysis of water and supply the oxygen into the organic substance storage unit, by adjusting the current and voltage during the electrolysis, the inside of the organic substance storage unit is adjusted. The amount of oxygen can be adjusted with a sealed body, and the water used for electrolysis can be the water produced during the decomposition of the organic matter, and the water does not have to be replenished separately. The configuration can be made compact.

Further, the apparatus for decomposing organic matter according to claim 2 is
Since the oxygen generator can switch the electrode polarities and can arbitrarily switch the polarities of the electrodes during the electrolysis, the polarization effect can be easily avoided. Further, in the organic substance decomposing / reducing apparatus of claim 3, since carbon such as activated carbon is mixed and arranged in the water tank of the oxygen generating section, the water in the water tank is filled with an electrolyte such as NaOH or H ₂ SO _4. Can be imparted with electrical conductivity without mixing, and unlike the case of the electrolyte, the concentration does not decrease, long-term stable water decomposition can be performed, oxygen can be generated, and the carbon has thermal conductivity. It works and acts as a heat source.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an organic substance decomposing / weighting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for decomposing / reducing organic matter according to the present embodiment is an apparatus for treating garbage, and roughly speaking, an apparatus body 1 and an apparatus for storing garbage 2 which is detachably accommodated in the apparatus body 1. And an oxygen generation / heat source section 3.

The apparatus main body 1 is divided into an upper chamber 6 and a lower chamber 7 by a partition plate 5 which is divided into two chambers, an upper chamber 6 and a lower garbage chamber 2.
Is provided, the lower chamber 7 is provided with the oxygen generation / heat source unit 3, the upper chamber 6 is provided with an upper lid 8, and the partition plate 5 is a mesh and is made of stainless steel or the like having good thermal conductivity. It is made of material.

The raw garbage storage unit 2 is a container unit for storing and confining raw garbage and microorganisms discharged from homes and businesses, and a net container made of a material such as stainless steel having good heat conductivity. Is formed by. Then, the garbage storage unit 2 is transferred to this container by heat conduction from the oxygen generation / heat source unit 3.
The raw garbage stored in the garbage is heated, and the generated oxygen can activate the activity of microorganisms (here, aerobic microorganisms) in the garbage.

The oxygen generation / heat source section 3 is provided in the lower chamber 6 of the apparatus main body 1. The oxygen generation / heat source unit 3 is composed of a general water electrolyzer, and includes an AC power source 11, electrodes 12 and 13 for water electrolysis, a tank 14, and an appropriate voltage to the electrodes 12 and 13. It is composed of an AC / DC generator 16 for obtaining an electric current. This electrode 12,
13 is not limited to Fe, Fe-Ni alloy, and other metal electrodes, and, for example, carbon electrodes and other non-metal electrodes can also be used. Further, the tank 14 is a water tank for containing water for electrolysis, and carbon 17 such as powdery or fibrous activated carbon is mixed or arranged in the water. AC / DC generator 16 is AC-D
A C / AC-AC converter that converts the voltage / current of the power supply 11 into a predetermined DC voltage / current when performing heating and water electrolysis, and the voltage / current of the power supply when performing only heating.
It is a converter capable of converting a current into a predetermined AC voltage / current.

Here, as the heat conduction medium (heat source),
Powdery or fibrous carbon 17 contained in the tank 14,
That is, although the carbon in the water-containing state has been described, a tank is provided separately from the tank 14 in which water is placed, and dry activated carbon, charcoal, coal, carbonite, etc. are arranged in the tank and the electrodes 12, 13 are provided. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which heating is performed through, or a configuration in which an independent heat source section is provided. In addition, 9 is a drain.

In the garbage processing apparatus of this embodiment, when aerobic microorganisms are used as microorganisms, first, the garbage is stored in the garbage storage unit 2 through the upper lid 8 of the apparatus body 1 and the garbage. Aerobic microorganisms (bacteria) that decompose water are put into a closed state, water and carbon 15 are put into the tank 14, and the AC / DC generator 16 converts them into appropriate DC current and voltage.
adjust. Then, water is electrolyzed in the oxygen generation / heat source section 3 to generate oxygen gas, which is stored in the garbage storage section 2
The carbon 15 and water generate Joule heat by the current supplied to the electrodes 12 and 13, and the heat heats the garbage storage unit 2 through the partition plate 5. The heat activates the microorganisms in the garbage storage unit 2 to accelerate the decomposition of the garbage, and the supplied oxygen further activates the activity.

A temperature sensor and an oxygen amount detection sensor (not shown) are used to detect temperature change and oxygen amount in the garbage storage unit 2.
By controlling the AC / DC generator 16 and automatically adjusting the voltage / current, adjusting the amount of oxygen generated by electrolysis, and adjusting the amount of Joule heat. Make the microbial activity proper. Therefore, according to the garbage processing device of the present embodiment, the heating and oxygen supply to the garbage processing unit 2 and the humidity adjustment can be performed smoothly, and since the sealed state is achieved, it is possible to activate the microorganisms. In addition, it is possible to prevent the release of offensive odor during the processing of raw garbage.

Further, in the case of this embodiment, since carbon such as activated carbon is mixed in the tank 14, the water in the tank 14 is
Without mixing electrolytes such as NaOH or H ₂ SO ₄ ,
Conductivity can be imparted. In the case of this electrolyte, its concentration is lowered by water electrolysis, but in the case of the above-mentioned carbon, this does not occur, stable water decomposition can be performed with a long life, and oxygen can be generated. Further, when the electrolysis of water is continuously performed, a polarization action occurs due to the electrolysis, which can be solved by switching the polarities of the electrodes 12 and 13.

Next, the operation of the garbage processing apparatus of this embodiment
In order to confirm the effect, height: 700 mm, width: 300
mm, depth: 300 mm, tank height: 150 mm, the tank is filled with a mixture of activated carbon and water, DC 24V-5A is energized, and 2 kg of garbage is stored in the garbage storage unit. After adding aerial microorganisms and sealing, 1 daily
Then, kg of garbage was charged, and the economical changes in the remaining amount of garbage and the internal temperature were measured. As a result, the results shown in FIG. 2 were obtained. From this result, it was confirmed that the apparatus for treating food waste according to the present example could sufficiently cope with the daily input amount of food waste of 1 kg. Then, the decomposed product processed by the garbage disposal of this embodiment can be used as organic fertilizer or soil.

By the way, this can be understood from the following. That is, the amount of heat obtained by the voltage supplied to the carbon in the tank is represented by Ic × V × t [J], and the amount of oxygen generated by the direct current electrolysis of water C is determined by the Faraday's law. Output W = 0.082907 × 10 ⁻³ × Iw × t
[G]. The total supply current at this time is I = Ic + Iw
Therefore, for example, Iw = 10 [A] t = 3600
If [S], then the amount of oxygen protrusion W = 2.98 [g / h], and when the amount of oxygen protrusion per hour is converted into a volume, PV = (oxygen precipitation amount: W / 1 g of oxygen Equivalent: M) · RT where P = 1 and T = 273 ° C., V = (2.9
8 / 31.998) × 22.4≈2 [l / h].
Thus, the required oxygen can be obtained with a small volume. Therefore, by setting the required amount of heat and the required amount of oxygen according to the size and processing capacity of the garbage treatment equipment and the properties of the microorganisms used, it is possible to set all settings by simply determining the current and voltage during electrolysis. Is possible. Further, as the reaction of the microorganism is promoted, the self-heating effect of the microorganism can be expected, and the synergistic effect can reduce the electric power required for electrolysis. Further, according to the apparatus of the present embodiment, since it can be compacted, it can be installed, for example, in a small space in each home or the like, and the decomposed product can be used as an organic fertilizer or soil, which is effective. It can also be used.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes a configuration that can be modified and implemented without changing the gist of the present invention. Incidentally, in the above-mentioned examples, the case where the aerobic microorganism (bacteria) is used as the microorganism has been described. Then, the carbon is heated, and the heat is conducted to the garbage processing section.
The microorganism may be activated. Therefore, it is not necessary to put water in the water tank.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the organic substance decomposing / reducing apparatus of claim 1 of the present invention, the oxygen producing portion produces oxygen by electrolysis of water, and the oxygen is produced in the organic matter containing portion. The oxygen amount in the organic substance storage section can be adjusted by the sealed body by adjusting the current and voltage during the electrolysis, and the overall configuration of the apparatus can be made compact.

Further, according to the organic substance decomposing / reducing device of the second aspect, the oxygen generating unit can switch the electrode polarities,
Since the polarity of the electrodes can be arbitrarily switched during the electrolysis, there is an effect that the polarization action can be easily avoided.

Further, according to the organic substance decomposing / reducing apparatus of claim 3, since carbon such as activated carbon is mixed and arranged in the water tank of the oxygen generating part, NaOH is added to the water in the water tank.
Conductivity can be imparted without mixing electrolytes such as H ₂ SO ₄ and H ₂ SO ₄ , and unlike the case of the electrolyte, the concentration does not decrease, stable water decomposition can be achieved with long life, oxygen can be generated, In addition, the carbon has an effect that it exhibits thermal conductivity and can also serve as a heat source.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an organic substance decomposition / reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a chart showing the measurement results of the amount of remaining garbage in the example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Device body, 2 ... Garbage storage part, 3 ... Oxygen generation / heat source part, 5 ... Separator plate, 6 ... Upper chamber, 7 ...
・ Lower chamber, 8 ... Top lid, 9 ... Drain, 11 ... AC power supply, 12, 13 ... Electrodes, 14 ... Tank, 1
6 ... AC / DC generator, 17 ... Carbon

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An organic matter storage section for storing organic matter such as garbage and microorganisms for decomposing the organic matter, a heat source section for heating the organic matter storage section to promote decomposition of the organic matter by the microorganisms, and water. An apparatus for decomposing / reducing an organic substance, comprising an oxygen generation unit that generates oxygen by electrolysis and supplies the oxygen to the organic substance storage unit. 2. The organic substance decomposing / weighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen generating unit is capable of switching the electrode polarity. 3. An organic matter storage section for storing organic matter such as garbage and microorganisms for decomposing the organic matter, and an oxygen generation section for generating oxygen by electrolysis of water and supplying the oxygen to the organic matter storage section. Then, an organic substance decomposing and reducing apparatus, characterized in that carbon such as activated carbon is mixed and arranged in a water tank of the oxygen generating section.