JPH0438477B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0438477B2
JPH0438477B2 JP63025667A JP2566788A JPH0438477B2 JP H0438477 B2 JPH0438477 B2 JP H0438477B2 JP 63025667 A JP63025667 A JP 63025667A JP 2566788 A JP2566788 A JP 2566788A JP H0438477 B2 JPH0438477 B2 JP H0438477B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sludge
anaerobic digestion
treatment
high voltage
pulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP63025667A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01210100A (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to JP63025667A priority Critical patent/JPH01210100A/en
Publication of JPH01210100A publication Critical patent/JPH01210100A/en
Publication of JPH0438477B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0438477B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Landscapes

  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、活性汚泥法による下水処理場におい
て発生する余剰汚泥のように、主として微生物か
らなる汚泥の嫌気性消化を、効率よく行う方法に
関するものである。 〔従来の技術〕 一般的な活性汚泥法による下水処理において
は、多量の初沈汚泥および余剰汚泥を発生する。
これらの汚泥は非常に含水率が高く、濾過による
脱水も困難であるから、そのままでは廃棄も利用
も困難である。そこで、微生物を利用して生化学
的に汚泥を分解することにより固形物をなるべく
少なくするとともに発生するメタンガスを有効に
利用するいわゆる嫌気性消化処理を行うことが多
い。しかしながら、従来の嫌気性消化は、標準的
な中温消化すなわち消化温度37℃程度、滞留日数
約30日でも、VS(有機物)分解率は50〜55%程度
であり、非常に効率が悪い。嫌気性消化で特に分
解しにくいのは、主として微生物からなる余剰汚
泥である。 効率の悪い汚泥の嫌気性消化法の改良は種々試
みられている。その代表的なものは、嫌気性消化
に先立ち汚泥に何らかの前処理を施して汚泥中微
生物の細胞壁を破壊するものであつて、たとえば
超音波処理を施す方法(特開昭58−76200号)、メ
タンガスによる加圧に続く減圧処理を施す方法
(特開昭56−40497号)などがある。 〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕 本発明の目的は、上記従来の前処理法のいずれ
とも異なる新規な手段により改良された、効率の
よい汚泥嫌気性消化法を提供することにある。 〔課題を解決するための手段〕 本発明が提供する嫌気性消化法は、嫌気性消化
処理に先立つて汚泥に高電圧パルスを印加する処
理を施すことを特徴とするものである。 汚泥に高電圧パルスを印加すると、電気エネル
ギーの大半が汚泥中の微生物の細胞壁に印加さ
れ、機械的な膜圧縮エネルギーに変換されて細胞
壁を破壊する。それにより、主として細胞質から
なる可溶性タンパク質、糖、核酸などが細胞外に
溶出し、速やかに嫌気性消化を受けるようにな
る。 上述のような微生物細胞壁の破壊を生じさせる
のに必要な(あるいは好適な)高電圧パルスの特
性は、処理する汚泥の微生物濃度、共存する無機
電解質の濃度等によつて異なるが、おおむね次の
範囲にある。 被処理汚泥中における電解強度:5〜50KV/cm パルス幅:100μSec以上 (好ましくは200〜1000μSecまたはそれ以上) パルス波形は方形であることが望ましいが、こ
れに限定されるわけではない。なお、高電圧パル
スの印加条件によつては汚泥の電気分解を生じる
得るが、それは消費電力を大きくするだけであつ
て、細胞壁破壊のためには無意味であるから、電
気分解を招く連続通電に等しいようなパルスの印
加は避けることが望ましい。 汚泥に高電圧パルスを印加する方法としては、
攪拌装置を付属させた汚泥容器中に電極板を挿入
し、微生物細胞が電極板間に入り込んだとき高電
圧パルスを受けるようにする方法、電極板間に汚
泥を連続的または間欠的に流して高電圧パルスを
受けさせる方法、などがある。パルス印加時間
は、パルス印加の方法および条件に応じて、汚泥
中の実質的にすべての微生物細胞が少なくとも1
回(好ましくは数回)のパルスを受けるように設
定する。 高電圧パルス処理を終わつた汚泥は、適量の種
汚泥と混合して、常法により嫌気性消化処理す
る。 〔実施例〕 都市下水処理場から採取した標準活性汚泥の余
剰汚泥を、その有機物(VS)濃度が1.0%になる
ように濃度調整した後、2000c.c.の容器にとり、攪
拌しながら、下記の条件で20分間高電圧パルス処
理した。 処理液量:1500c.c. 電極:二重円形電極(電極間隔4mm) 印加電圧:10000V 電界強度:25KV/cm パルス幅:500μSec パルス間隔:0.1Sec 処理後、汚泥に2倍量の嫌気性消化済み汚泥を
種汚泥として加え、20日間、中温嫌気性消化させ
た。 比較のため、無処理の上記余剰汚泥について
も、同様の嫌気性消化処理を行なつた。 その結果は表1に示したとおりで、高電圧パル
ス処理を施すことにより消化効率が顕著に向上し
た。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for efficiently performing anaerobic digestion of sludge mainly composed of microorganisms, such as surplus sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant using an activated sludge method. [Prior Art] In sewage treatment using a general activated sludge method, a large amount of initial settling sludge and surplus sludge are generated.
These sludges have a very high water content and are difficult to dewater by filtration, so they are difficult to dispose of or use as they are. Therefore, so-called anaerobic digestion treatment is often performed, which uses microorganisms to biochemically decompose the sludge to reduce the amount of solid matter as much as possible, and to effectively utilize the methane gas generated. However, conventional anaerobic digestion has a VS (organic matter) decomposition rate of about 50 to 55%, which is extremely inefficient, even with standard mesophilic digestion, that is, a digestion temperature of about 37° C. and a residence time of about 30 days. Excess sludge, which is mainly composed of microorganisms, is particularly difficult to decompose in anaerobic digestion. Various attempts have been made to improve the inefficient anaerobic digestion of sludge. A typical method is to perform some kind of pretreatment on the sludge prior to anaerobic digestion to destroy the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge. There is a method of pressurizing with methane gas followed by depressurization treatment (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 40497/1983). [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide an efficient sludge anaerobic digestion method that is improved by novel means different from any of the conventional pretreatment methods described above. [Means for Solving the Problems] The anaerobic digestion method provided by the present invention is characterized by applying a high voltage pulse to sludge prior to the anaerobic digestion treatment. When a high voltage pulse is applied to sludge, most of the electrical energy is applied to the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge and is converted into mechanical membrane compression energy, destroying the cell walls. As a result, soluble proteins, sugars, nucleic acids, etc., which mainly consist of the cytoplasm, are eluted out of the cells and rapidly undergo anaerobic digestion. The characteristics of the high voltage pulse necessary (or suitable) to cause the destruction of microbial cell walls as described above vary depending on the microbial concentration of the sludge to be treated, the concentration of coexisting inorganic electrolytes, etc., but are generally as follows: in range. Electrolytic strength in sludge to be treated: 5 to 50 KV/cm Pulse width: 100 μSec or more (preferably 200 to 1000 μSec or more) The pulse waveform is preferably rectangular, but is not limited to this. Note that depending on the application conditions of high voltage pulses, electrolysis of sludge may occur, but this only increases power consumption and is meaningless for destroying cell walls, so continuous energization that causes electrolysis is not recommended. It is desirable to avoid applying pulses that are equal to . As a method of applying high voltage pulses to sludge,
A method in which electrode plates are inserted into a sludge container with an attached stirring device so that microbial cells receive high voltage pulses when they enter between the electrode plates, and the sludge is continuously or intermittently passed between the electrode plates. There are methods such as applying high voltage pulses. Depending on the pulse application method and conditions, the pulse application time is such that substantially all microbial cells in the sludge are
The device is set to receive several pulses (preferably several times). The sludge that has undergone the high voltage pulse treatment is mixed with an appropriate amount of seed sludge and subjected to anaerobic digestion using a conventional method. [Example] After adjusting the concentration of surplus sludge of standard activated sludge collected from a municipal sewage treatment plant so that its organic matter (VS) concentration was 1.0%, it was placed in a 2000 c.c. container, and the following was carried out while stirring. High voltage pulse treatment was performed for 20 minutes under the following conditions. Processing liquid volume: 1500c.c. Electrode: Double circular electrode (electrode spacing 4mm) Applied voltage: 10000V Electric field strength: 25KV/cm Pulse width: 500μSec Pulse interval: 0.1Sec After treatment, double the amount of anaerobic digestion is applied to the sludge. The finished sludge was added as seed sludge and subjected to mesophilic anaerobic digestion for 20 days. For comparison, the untreated excess sludge was also subjected to the same anaerobic digestion treatment. The results are shown in Table 1, and the digestion efficiency was significantly improved by applying the high voltage pulse treatment.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

実施例の結果から明らかなように、本発明によ
れば余剰汚泥の嫌気性消化をきわめて高速かつ効
率よく行うことができる。また、本発明の方法に
おいて汚泥の前処理手段として採用した高電圧パ
ルス処理は、純電気的な処理であるから、電源装
置さえ用意すれば汚泥の組成変動に応じて容易に
最適の処理条件を選択することができ、処理装置
も小型かつ簡単なもので済むという利点がある。
As is clear from the results of the Examples, according to the present invention, anaerobic digestion of excess sludge can be performed extremely quickly and efficiently. Furthermore, since the high voltage pulse treatment adopted as a pretreatment means for sludge in the method of the present invention is a purely electrical treatment, it is possible to easily adjust the optimum treatment conditions according to changes in the composition of the sludge as long as a power supply is provided. There are advantages in that the processing device can be selected and that the processing device can be small and simple.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 活性汚泥法による下水処理において発生する
余剰汚泥等主として微生物からなる汚泥を嫌気性
消化処理するに当たり、嫌気性消化処理に先立つ
て汚泥に高電圧パルスを印加する処理を施すこと
を特徴とする汚泥の嫌気性消化法。
1. A sludge characterized by applying a high voltage pulse to the sludge prior to the anaerobic digestion treatment of sludge mainly composed of microorganisms, such as surplus sludge generated in sewage treatment using the activated sludge method. anaerobic digestion method.
JP63025667A 1988-02-08 1988-02-08 Anaerobic digestion of sludge Granted JPH01210100A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63025667A JPH01210100A (en) 1988-02-08 1988-02-08 Anaerobic digestion of sludge

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63025667A JPH01210100A (en) 1988-02-08 1988-02-08 Anaerobic digestion of sludge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01210100A JPH01210100A (en) 1989-08-23
JPH0438477B2 true JPH0438477B2 (en) 1992-06-24

Family

ID=12172138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63025667A Granted JPH01210100A (en) 1988-02-08 1988-02-08 Anaerobic digestion of sludge

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH01210100A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7507341B2 (en) 1999-01-13 2009-03-24 Opencel Llc Method of and apparatus for converting biological materials into energy resources
US6709594B2 (en) 1995-11-02 2004-03-23 Dh20, L.L.C. Method for treating waste-activated sludge using electroporation
KR100492297B1 (en) * 2002-12-11 2005-06-02 (주)대우건설 Method and device for sludge treatment using high voltage pulse
US7572369B2 (en) 2007-02-16 2009-08-11 Opencel Llc System for supporting denitrification
KR20160103984A (en) * 2013-11-06 2016-09-02 에이알씨 아로마 퓨어 에이비 Method comprising separation and high voltage pulse treatment before digestion or further purification

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01210100A (en) 1989-08-23

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Legal Events

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EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term