JPH086907B2 - Dust incinerator dust supply device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dust incinerator for a refuse incinerator, and in particular, it controls the volume of refuse to be supplied to a dry stoker according to the quality of the refuse, and the waste of a certain weight. The present invention relates to a dust incinerator for supplying waste gas.

[Prior Art] Generally, combustible waste discharged from homes is collected,
It is incinerated in a refuse incinerator and disposed of.

Such a waste incinerator is generally a hopper to which waste is supplied by a waste crane, a hopper chute that guides the waste from this hopper, a dust supply device that supplies the waste from this hopper chute to a drying stoker, and a waste dryer. It comprises a dry stoker that burns, a combustion stoker that burns the dust from the dry stoker, and a post-burning stoker that burns every other flame.

In order to smoothly perform processing with a dry stoker, a combustion stoker, etc., conventionally, a dust supply device is controlled by the quality of the waste to supply a constant weight of waste to the dry stoker.

This is because if the same volume of waste is supplied when the quality of the waste is good and when it is good, a dry stoker,
This is because it will be spread thickly on the combustion stoker, and it will not be sufficiently dried by the dry stoker, or will not be sufficiently combusted by the combustion stoker, and unburned will increase. Also, if the quality of the waste is good, it will be spread thinly on a dry stoker or a combustion stoker, and it will be burned by the dry stoker to become ash, and the incombustible waste will be buried in the ash and will not be burned by the combustion stoker. , Because the amount of unburned material increases. Therefore, in order to eliminate unburned substances in the refuse incinerator and efficiently incinerate the refuse, it is necessary to control the dust thickness in the dry stoker and the combustion stoker according to the waste quality.

Here, when the quality of waste is poor, it means, for example, waste that contains water, waste that contains a large amount of garbage, or books that do not allow air to pass. When the quality of waste is good, for example,
Refers to garbage such as vinyl and paper.

Examples of such a dust incinerator dust collector include:
The one disclosed in JP-A-63-58012 is known.

FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show the dust supply device of the refuse incinerator disclosed in this publication.
Shows a hopper to which garbage is supplied.

A hopper chute 13 is connected to the hopper 11, and below the hopper chute 13, an extruding device 17 that pushes out the dust toward the drying stoker 15 is arranged.

Further, a garbage receiving stand 19 for receiving the waste pushed out by the extrusion device 17, is arranged above the drying stoker 15,
It is formed so that when the weight of the waste of the waste receiving tray 19 reaches a predetermined weight, the waste is thrown into the drying stoker 15.

In such a dust incinerator dust collector, the weight of the dust pushed out by the extruder 17 can be weighed and put into the drying stoker 15.

In addition to this, for example, a dust supply device for a refuse incinerator as disclosed in JP-A-63-21412 is known.

FIG. 10 shows a dust supply device for a refuse incinerator disclosed in this publication, and reference numeral 21 denotes a hopper chute.

An extruding device 23 is arranged below the hopper chute 21. The extrusion device 23 includes an extruder 25 and a cylinder 27 that pushes out the extruder 25.

An engaging portion 29 is formed on the lower surface of the extruder 25, and the engaging portion 29 engages with a number of limit switches 33 arranged on a sliding portion 31 on which the extruder 25 slides. The limit switch 33 operates, the supply of pressure oil to the cylinder 27 is stopped, and the stroke of the extruder 25 is adjusted.

In such a dust incinerator dust supply device, by adjusting the stroke of the extruder 25, the extrusion amount can be adjusted to the drying stoker 35 by the extrusion device 23.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in the dust supply device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-58012, as shown in FIG. 8, the dust in the dust receiving stand 19 and the dust in the hopper chute 13 are continuous, and The weight weighed by 19 is not clear to what extent the weight of waste is being measured, and depending on the quality of the waste, a dry stoker 15
There is a problem that it is difficult to control the amount of waste supplied to the.

That is, it is possible to supply the dust so that the dry stoker 15 is spread thinly, but it is difficult to spread the waste to the optimum thickness.

On the other hand, in the dust supply device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-21412, as shown in FIG. 10, the amount of dust extruded by the extruder 25 is unstable, and the desired amount of dust is set to the dry stoker 35. There was a problem that could not be supplied to.

That is, the tip of the extruder 25 may not move to the tip of the sliding portion 31, and in this case, the dust on the drying stoker 35 side of the extruder 25 does not fall or fall on the drying stoker 35. However, there is a problem that the desired amount of waste cannot be supplied to the dry stoker 35.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a dust incinerator dust supply device capable of reliably supplying an appropriate amount of waste to a dry stoker according to the quality of waste. With the goal.

[Means for solving the problem]

The dust supply device for a refuse incinerator according to claim 1 is disposed below a hopper chute that guides the dust, and is disposed above the hopper chute, and an extrusion device that pushes the dust toward the drying stoker by moving it forward and backward. A dust sensor that reacts when the dust in this portion runs out, a time T when the fixed volume of dust supplied to the hopper by the dust crane is reduced to the position of the dust sensor, and a fixed volume of dust weight G measured by the dust crane. And a controller for controlling the extrusion device so that the weight F of dust per unit time supplied to the drying stoker approaches the rated weight F ₀ of the drying stoker, and The extruder comprises an upper extruder whose front end moves forward from the rear end of the hopper chute by a predetermined stroke, and an upper extruder. And a lower extruder which is alternately driven forward and arranged below the upper extruder, and a front end of which moves substantially the same stroke as the upper extruder from a predetermined position to the vicinity of the drying stoker. The strokes of the extruder and the lower extruder are controlled by the control device according to the dust quality.

The dust supply device for a refuse incinerator according to claim 2 is the dust supply device for a refuse incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary dust sensor that reacts when there is no dust in the part is arranged below the dust sensor. It will be.

[Work]

In the dust incinerator dust supply apparatus according to claim 1, first, as a preliminary step, the upper extruder moves forward from the state in which the front end of the upper extruder is located at the rear end of the hopper chute.
Push the hopper chute dust forward so that it is well on the dry stoker side of the tip of the lower extruder.

After this, the upper extruder retracts to its original state, that is, its front end is located at the rear end of the hopper chute.

Next, the lower extruder moves forward from a predetermined position until its front end is located in the vicinity of the drying stoker, and removes the dust located on the drying stoker side from the tip of the lower extruder. Drop onto a dry stoker with a container.

On the other hand, the time T for the fixed volume of waste supplied to the hopper by the waste crane to reach the position of the waste sensor, and the data of the fixed volume of waste weight G measured by the waste crane are loaded into the controller and supplied to the drying stoker. The waste weight F per unit time is derived.

When the weight F of waste per unit time is greater than the rated weight F _{0 of} waste that is the processing capacity of the dry stoker, the controller controls the strokes of the upper extruder and the lower extruder to be short, When the weight F of dust per hour is smaller than the rated weight F _{0 of the} dry stoker, the control device controls the strokes of the upper extruder and the lower extruder to be long.

That is, when the quality of the waste is poor, the weight F of waste per unit time becomes larger than the rated weight F _{0 of the} dry stoker, so in order to reduce the volume of waste pushed out by the lower extruder, the weight of the upper extruder and The stroke of the side extruder is controlled to be short, and it is spread thinly on the drying stoker.

If the quality of the waste is good, the weight F of waste per unit time becomes smaller than the rated weight F _{0 of the} dry stoker. Therefore, in order to increase the volume of the waste extruded by the lower extruder, the weight of the upper extruder and The stroke of the side extruder is controlled to be long, and it is spread thickly on the drying stoker.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dust incinerator dust-supplying device according to the first aspect.
In the dust incinerator dust collector described above, an auxiliary dust sensor that reacts when there is no more dust is placed below the dust sensor.Therefore, the dust is clogged where the dust sensor is placed and This state is confirmed by the auxiliary dust sensor when the waste is supplied and hollows in the vicinity of the auxiliary dust sensor.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a refuse incinerator equipped with the dust supply apparatus of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 41 indicates the refuse incinerator.

This waste incinerator 41 is provided with a hopper 43 to which waste is supplied by a waste crane (not shown), a hopper chute 45 that guides the waste from this hopper 43, and a dust supply device that supplies the waste from this hopper chute 45 to a drying stoker 47. 49, a drying stoker 47 for drying the refuse, a combustion stoker 50 for burning the refuse from the drying stoker 47, and a post-combustion stoker 51.

The dust supply device 49, the drying stoker 47, the combustion stoker 50, and the post-combustion stoker 51 are housed in the furnace body 53.
An exhaust port 55 for exhausting combustion gas is formed in the.

Then, the dust supply device 49 is moved back and forth below the hopper chute 45 that guides the dust to dry it.
Extrusion device 57 that pushes out to the side, a dust sensor 59 that is arranged above the hopper chute 45 and that reacts when there is no dust in this part, and a dust sensor 59 that has a certain volume of dust that is supplied to the hopper 43 by a dust crane (not shown). And the control unit 61 that takes in the garbage weight G of the fixed volume measured by the garbage crane as the data.

The control device 61 takes in the time T and the waste weight G, and based on these data, guides the waste weight F supplied to the drying stoker 47 per unit time, and the waste weight F per unit time is transferred to the drying stoker. The control device 61 controls the extrusion device 57 so as to approach the rated weight F ₀ , which is the waste disposal capacity of 47.

Further, the extrusion device 57 includes an upper extruder 65 whose front end moves forward by a predetermined stroke from the rear end 63 of the hopper chute 45.
And a lower extruder 67 whose front end moves from a predetermined position to the vicinity of the drying stoker 47.

The upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder 67 are alternately driven forward, and the upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder 67 move at substantially the same stroke L as shown in FIG.

The upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder 67 are connected to a cylinder 71 by a rod 69, and a pressure oil supply device (not shown) is connected to these cylinders 71. Then, by controlling the pressure oil supply device by the control device 61, the stroke L of the upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder 67 is controlled.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, below the dust sensor 59, an auxiliary dust sensor 73 that reacts when there is no dust in that portion is arranged.

The dust sensor 59 and the auxiliary dust sensor 73 are configured, for example, by attaching a microwave irradiating device and an injecting device at opposite positions of the hopper chute 45, and detect whether the microwave is blocked by dust. Is configured.

In the waste incinerator configured as described above, the waste is gripped by a waste crane (not shown), the weight of the waste is measured, and the waste is put into the hopper 43.

As a preliminary step, the dust in the hopper chute 45 is pushed forward as a preliminary step by moving the upper extruder 65 forward as shown in FIG. 5 from the state shown in FIG. , The front surface of the waste 75 shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 5 protrudes forward as shown by the solid line, and the waste 75 becomes the lower extruder 67.
Is sufficiently positioned closer to the drying stoker 47 side than the tip end of the above, and thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the tip end of the upper extruder 65 is retracted so as to be located at the rear end portion of the hopper chute 45.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the lower extruder
67 is moved from a predetermined position to a portion whose tip is located in the vicinity of the drying stoker 47, and the dust 75 located closer to the drying stoker 47 than the tip of the lower extruder 67 is shown in FIG. The dust 75 in the shaded area on the dry stoker 47 side from the alternate long and short dash line, as shown in FIG.
Can be dropped on.

Thereafter, the lower extruder 67 is pulled to a predetermined position as shown in FIG. 4, and repeats the movements shown in FIGS. 4 to 7.

The dust 75 dropped on the dry stoker 47 is spread to a predetermined thickness on the dry stoker 47, and
The dust 75 on the drying stoker 47 is dried by the air from below and the combustion heat from the burning stoker 50, and is supplied to the burning stoker 50. This combustion stoker 50 is burned and supplied to the post-combustion stoker 51, and the dust 75 is completely burned.

On the other hand, the time T during which the fixed volume of dust 75 supplied to the hopper 43 by the dust crane is reduced to the position of the dust sensor 59,
The data of the fixed volume waste weight G measured by the waste crane is taken into the controller 61, and the waste weight F per unit time supplied to the drying stoker 47 is derived. The dust weight F per unit time is expressed by F = G × 60 / T. Here, F (kg), G (kg), and T (second).

When the dust weight F per unit time is larger than the preset weight F ₀ of the dust 75, which is the preset processing capacity of the drying stoker 47, the control device 61 causes the upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder to operate. The stroke L of 67 is controlled to be short, and the dust weight F per unit time is the rated weight of the dry stoker 47.
When it is less than F ₀ , the controller 61 controls the upper extruder.
The strokes of 65 and the lower extruder 67 are controlled to be long. Here, the unit of the rated weight F ₀ is kg / h, and F ₀ is preset in the control device 61.

That is, when the quality of waste is poor, the specific gravity is large and the weight F of waste per unit time becomes larger than the rated weight F ₀ of the drying stoker 47. Therefore, in order to reduce the volume of waste pushed out by the lower extruder 67. , Upper extruder 65 and lower extruder 67
The stroke is controlled to be short, and it is thinly laid on the dry stoker 47.

Further, when the quality of the waste is good, the specific gravity is small and the weight F of the waste per unit time is smaller than the rated weight F ₀ of the dry stoker 47, so that the volume of the waste pushed out by the lower extruder 67 is increased. , The stroke L of the upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder 67 is controlled to be long, and the drying stoker is controlled.
47 is thickly laid. In the case of the upper extruder 65, the stroke L is based on the front end of the upper extruder 65 located at the rear end 63 of the hopper chute 45, and in the case of the lower extruder 67, the stroke L. L is a dry stoker 47
The front end of the lower extruder 67 located in the vicinity is used as a reference.

 Here, the control method will be described.

For example, if the rated weight F ₀ is 3000 kg / h, G is 900 kg, and T is 16 seconds, then F = 900 × 60/16 = 3375 kg, which is 375 kg more than the rated weight F ₀ . In this case, assuming that half of this difference is corrected, the current stroke length L is L ₁ = L + (F ₀
-F) / (2F ₀ ). Here, if L = 700 mm, then L ₁ = 656 mm.

Then, in the dust incinerator configured as described above, the extrusion device 57 is arranged below the hopper chute 45, and the dust sensor 59 is arranged above the hopper chute 45.
A control device 61 is provided for controlling the extrusion device 57 so that the time T and the dust weight G are taken in as data and the dust weight F approaches the rated weight F _{0. The} extrusion device 57 has a front end and a rear end portion 63 of the hopper chute 45. Since it is composed of the upper extruder 65 that moves forward by a predetermined stroke L and the lower extruder 67 whose front end moves approximately the same stroke L as the upper extruder 65 from the predetermined position to the vicinity of the drying stoker 47, the controller 61 , Dust weight F per unit time supplied to the dry stoker 47
When the dust weight F is larger than the rated weight F ₀ , the control device 61 controls the strokes of the upper extruder 65 and the lower extruder 67 to be short, and when the dust weight F is small, the stroke is controlled to be long. Therefore, an appropriate amount of waste 75 can be reliably supplied to the dry stoker 47 according to the quality of the waste.

That is, when the quality of the waste is poor, the weight F of the waste per unit time becomes larger than the rated weight F ₀ of the drying stoker 47. Therefore, in order to reduce the volume of the waste extruded by the lower extruder 67, the upper extruder is used. The strokes of 65 and the lower extruder 67 are controlled to be short, and the stoker 47 is thinly laid to promote the drying of the waste 75, and the combustion stoker 50
Therefore, the combustion efficiency of the refuse incinerator 41 can be improved.

When the quality of the waste is good, the weight F of the waste per unit time becomes smaller than the rated weight F ₀ of the drying stoker 47, and therefore the upper extruder 67 is increased to increase the volume of the waste to be extruded by the lower extruder 67. The stroke of 65 and the lower extruder 67 is controlled to be long, and it is spread thickly on the dry stoker 47, suppresses combustion in the dry stoker 47, promotes combustion in the combustion stoker 50, and generates unburned materials. Can be suppressed.

Furthermore, below the dust sensor 59, the auxiliary dust sensor 73 that reacts when the dust 75 at that portion runs out is placed, so the dust 75 is clogged at the portion where the dust sensor 59 is placed, and the dust 75 below it is When supplied and hollowed out in the vicinity of the auxiliary dust sensor 73, this state is confirmed by the auxiliary dust sensor 73, and the signal of the auxiliary dust sensor 73, for example, vibrates the hopper chute 45 to promote the fall of the dust 75. Can be driven, and the safety of the waste sintering furnace can be ensured.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the dust supply device for the refuse incinerator according to claim 1, the extrusion device is arranged below the hopper chute,
A dust sensor is arranged on the upper part of the hopper chute, and a control device is provided to control the extruder so that the time T and the dust weight G are taken as data and the dust weight F approaches the rated weight F _0. The control device is composed of an upper extruder that moves a predetermined stroke L forward from the rear end of the hopper chute and a lower extruder that moves the front end approximately the same stroke L as the upper extruder from a predetermined position to the vicinity of the drying stoker. By this, the dust equivalent F per unit time supplied to the drying stoker is introduced, and when this dust equivalent F is larger than the rated weight F ₀ , the stroke of the upper extruder and the lower extruder is shortened by the control device. Controlled, if less, stroke is controlled longer, depending on waste quality,
It is possible to reliably supply an appropriate amount of waste to the dry stoker.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dust incinerator dust-supplying device according to the first aspect.
In the dust incinerator dust collector described above, an auxiliary dust sensor that reacts when there is no more dust is placed below the dust sensor.Therefore, the dust is clogged where the dust sensor is placed and When the waste is no longer being supplied, this state is confirmed by the auxiliary dust sensor, and the signal from this auxiliary dust sensor may drive, for example, a device that vibrates the hopper chute to encourage the fall of the dust. It is possible to ensure the safety of the refuse incinerator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are vertical cross-sectional views showing the dust supply device of the refuse incinerator of the present invention and its vicinity. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the extruder shown in FIG. 1 and its vicinity. 4 to 7 are explanatory views showing a state in which dust is pushed out. 8 to 10 are explanatory views showing a conventional dust supply device and its vicinity. [Explanation of symbols of main parts] 41 …… Waste incinerator 43 …… Hopper 45 …… Hopper chute 47 …… Drying stoker 49 …… Dust collector 57 …… Extruder 59 …… Waste sensor 61 …… Control device 65 …… Upper extruder 67 …… Lower extruder 73 …… Auxiliary dust sensor.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An extruding device that is disposed below a hopper chute that guides dust and pushes the dust toward a drying stoker by moving it forward and backward, and a reaction device that is disposed at the upper part of the hopper chute when the dust in this part is exhausted. The waste sensor and the time T for the fixed volume of waste supplied to the hopper by the waste crane to reach the position of the waste sensor and the constant volume of waste weight G measured by the waste crane are taken in as data, and the drying stoker And a controller for controlling the extruder so that the weight F of the waste per unit time supplied to the dry stoker approaches the rated weight F ₀ of the dry stoker. The upper extruder that moves a predetermined stroke forward from the rear end and the upper extruder that is alternately driven forward The lower extruder is disposed below the upper extruder and has a front end that moves from the predetermined position to the vicinity of the drying stoker by substantially the same stroke as that of the upper extruder. A dust injecting device for a refuse incinerator, wherein a stroke is controlled by the control device according to the quality of the refuse. 2. A dust incinerator for a refuse incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary dust sensor disposed below the dust sensor, the auxiliary dust sensor reacting when the dust in the portion is exhausted.