JPH0857280A - Mixer for fertilizer or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a means reducing the number of screw augers to a necessary min. degree and capable of uniformly stirring and mixing a mixture to a mixer. CONSTITUTION: Two rotationaly driven screw augers are parallelly provided in a mixing chamber 1 and supported in a tiltable manner by a damp mechanism 3. By this constitution, fertilizer is fed while rotated and mixed within the inclined mixing chamber 1 by the rotational driving of both screw augers and good mixing power is obtained by the natural falling of fertilizer generated by its feed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixing device for stirring and mixing powdery and granular materials such as fertilizer and feed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a mixing apparatus for mixing powdery or granular materials such as fertilizers has been described. As shown in FIGS. The screw augers 102 are arranged in parallel and the screw augers 102 are rotated to drive the mixing chamber 10
After mixing the fertilizer and the like put into the container 1, the discharge conveyor 103 transfers it to another container.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional mixing apparatus uses 3 to 4 screw augers and requires a discharging conveyor, which results in high manufacturing cost, and the viscosity of the mixture to be stirred and mixed. Due to the difference in fluidity and fluidity, the mixture such as fertilizer may be uneven or adhered to the inside of the mixing chamber, and improvement thereof has been demanded. The object of the present invention is to reduce the number of screw augers to the mixing device as described above to a necessary minimum, and at the same time, to provide a means capable of uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture, thereby reducing cost and mixing power. It is to make the improvement of both compatible.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the mixing apparatus of the present invention comprises a substantially box-shaped mixing chamber, and two mixing chambers are rotatably driven along the bottom of the mixing chamber. The screw augers are provided in parallel and close to each other, and the spiral direction of the spiral blades of the screw augers is configured to be positively wound in its transport range and only the forward end in the transport direction is partially reversely wound, and the forward end in the transport direction in the mixing chamber. One end on the side is pivotally supported, and the other end of the mixing chamber is supported by a dumping mechanism so that it can be raised to a predetermined height and lowered.

In the above mixing apparatus, a mixture discharge port may be provided on the bottom surface near the other end of the mixing chamber so as to be openable and closable. In the above mixing device, the spiral direction of the spiral blades in the conveying range of both screw augers may be reversely wound between them, and the reverse rotation directions of both may be reversed. Also,
The mixing device, the spiral direction of the spiral blade in the conveying range of the screw auger arranged on the right side in the conveying direction is left-handed while rotating the same screw auger, and in the conveying range of the screw auger arranged on the left side in the conveying direction. It is more effective if the spiral direction of the spiral blade is right-handed and the screw auger is rotated counterclockwise.

[0006]

According to the above-mentioned means, 2
Book screw augers are installed in parallel and close to each other, and are driven to rotate. Further, one end of the above-mentioned mixing chamber is pivotally supported, and the other end is lifted by the dumping mechanism to dump the mixture to an arbitrary inclination angle, for example, the repose angle of the mixture. Further, both of the screw augers described above are configured such that the spiral direction of the spiral blade is normally wound in the conveying range, and only the leading end portion in the conveying direction is partially reversely wound.

Therefore, when the other end of the mixing chamber is raised and dumped, when a mixture such as fertilizer is put into the mixing chamber, the mixture is agitated by the spiral blades (in the conveying range) of both screw augers that are driven to rotate. Meanwhile, it is conveyed and moved from one end (low position) of the bottom of the mixing chamber to the other end (high position). When the above mixture moves to the end of the conveying range of both screw augers, it merges with the mixture pushed back by the spiral blade of the opposite winding at the tip of the screw auger and rises. Then, the mixture rises like a mountain in the confluent portion, and when the rise exceeds the limit of the angle of repose peculiar to the mixture, the mixture largely collapses and falls to a low position at one end of the mixing chamber.

The above process is carried out while the screw auger is rotationally driven, and the mixture in the mixing chamber is agitated and mixed by both screw augers while repeating a natural drop from a high position to a low position in the inclined mixing chamber. When the discharge port is opened while rotating both screw augers, the mixture conveyed to the confluence is pushed out from the discharge port. Since the discharge port is located at a high position in the dumped state, the mixture can be discharged as it is toward another container.

In the mixing device of the third aspect, in which the spiral blades in the conveying range of both screw augers are configured so that the spiral directions of the spiral blades are reverse to each other, and the reverse rotation directions of the two are reversed, The screw auger rotates symmetrically between Sakai and Sakai in the middle of the two, whereby the mixture introduced into the mixing chamber is conveyed while being stirred and mixed while convection is evenly distributed on the left and right. Further, in the mixing apparatus of claim 4, the mixture agitated by the rotation of both screw augers is discharged from the bottom surface of the mixing chamber to the upper part of the mixing chamber through the space between both screw augers, and along the both side walls of the mixing chamber. Convection of the mixture to the bottom is created.

[0010]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The mixing device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is for agitating and mixing a powdery and granular mixture such as fertilizer, and has two screw augers 2R, 2R along the inner bottom surface of the substantially box-shaped mixing chamber 1.
2L are provided in parallel and the mixing mechanism 1 is provided by the dump mechanism 3.
The other end is lifted to a predetermined height and supported so as to be lowered. In addition, the mixing chamber 1 and the dump mechanism 3
Is installed on a carriage 7 towed by a tractor (not shown) and is configured to be movable together with the tractor.

The mixing chamber 1 is formed of a steel plate into a substantially box shape that is long in the front-rear direction, and its longitudinal section is formed in a trapezoidal shape with its width narrowing downward as shown in FIG. The upper half of the end face is formed in an inclined shape, and a concave insertion port 11 is opened in the inclined portion. The two screw augers 2R and 2L installed in parallel and close to each other along the bottom surface in the mixing chamber 1 are spirals along the rotating shaft 21 and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 21 as shown in FIG. Spiral blade 2 wound around
It is composed of 2 and. Both screw augers 2 above
R and 2L are installed parallel to each other in the front-rear direction along the bottom surface in the mixing chamber 1, and both ends are pierced through the front wall and the rear wall of the mixing chamber 1 so as to be horizontally supported. It is rotatably supported.

Further, as described above, both screw augers 2R and 2L installed on the bottom surface of the mixing chamber 1 are formed in a long range of about 7/8 of the total length from the rear end to the conveying range 2a.
And a reverse winding range 2b formed in a short range of about ⅛ of the front end portion, and these Sakai are joined to each other at a merge position 2c.
I am trying. The right-hand screw auger 2R and the left-hand screw auger 2L are different in the winding direction of the spiral blade 22 wound in the above-mentioned conveyance range 2a, and the spiral blade 22 of the right-hand screw auger 2R is wound in the left-hand side and the left-hand screw. The spiral blade 22 of the auger 2L is wound clockwise (FIG. 4). Also, both screw augers 2R, 2
The spiral blades 23 in the reverse winding range 2b of L are wound in a reverse winding with respect to the respective conveying ranges 2a, the spiral blades 23 in the reverse winding range 2b of the right screw auger 2R are wound in a right winding, and the spiral blades 23 of the left screw auger 2L are wound. Reverse winding range 2
The spiral blade 23 of b is wound counterclockwise (FIG. 4).

Furthermore, the above-mentioned both screw augers 2
R and 2L are rotationally driven via a drive mechanism 4 and a reverse rotation gearbox 5 which will be described later, but both screw augers 2R and 2L are configured to rotate in reverse. Specifically, the right screw auger 2R rotates right and the left screw auger 2L rotates left (FIG. 2). Drive mechanism 4 for rotating and driving the screw augers 2R, 2L
Includes a hydraulic motor 41, and a gear 42 attached to the output shaft of the motor and a gear 43 provided at the rear end of the rotary shaft 21 of the right screw auger 2R are meshed inside a cover 44. is there. Further, a reverse rotation gear box 5 is provided on the front end surface of the mixing chamber 1. The reverse rotation gear box 5 includes a gear 51 attached to the front end of the right-hand screw auger 2R and a gear 52 attached to the front end of the left-hand screw auger 2L. By engaging both gears 51, 52 inside the cover 53, , The rotation driving force of the right screw auger 2R is the left screw auger 2
It is configured so that both screw augers 2R and 2L rotate in opposite directions.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface of the mixing chamber 1 is formed in a substantially arcuate shape so as to match the outer circumferences of the two screw augers 2R, 2L.
A slight gap is formed between the outer periphery of L and the bottom surface of the mixing chamber 1. Also, both screw augers 2R,
A discharge port 6 is formed on the bottom surface of the mixing chamber 1 corresponding to the merging position 2c of 2L, and a connection port 61 extending downward is provided at the lower part thereof. The mixing chamber 1 configured as described above is installed on the carriage 7 via the dump mechanism 3. The trolley | bogie 7 equips the rear part of the frame 71 connected with the rear part of a tractor (not shown) with the tire 72, and the dump mechanism 3 is installed on the said frame 71.

The dump mechanism 3 comprises a shaft support 31 and a hydraulic cylinder 35. The shaft support 31 protrudes upward in a mountain shape from the rear end of the frame 51, and supports the bottom surface of the rear side of the mixing chamber 1 via a support shaft 32 inserted into the upper end of the frame 51. As a result, the rear end of the mixing chamber 1 is axially supported on the frame 51 via the shaft supporting portion 31, and the mixing chamber 1 is supported on the frame 51 so that the front end side moves up / down. Further, the hydraulic cylinder 35 of the dump mechanism 3 is installed between the side surface of the mixing chamber 1 near the front side and the frame 51, and the expansion / contraction operation raises the front side of the mixing chamber 1 to a predetermined angle or more, for example, 30 ° or more. It is constructed so that it can be maintained in a tilted state. The hydraulic cylinder 35 is connected to the hydraulic motor 41 of the drive mechanism 4 via a hydraulic pipe (not shown). The hydraulic pipe (not shown) is connected to a hydraulic pump driven by the engine of the tractor, and the hydraulic motor 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 35 are operated by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump.

Next, a fertilizer mixing operation and an operation of each part of the apparatus using the mixing apparatus configured as described above will be described. The fertilizer to be mixed is charged from the charging port 11 at the rear of the mixing chamber 1 in the lowered state, and the both screw augers 2R,
While rotating 2 L, a required amount is put into the mixing chamber 1.
The limit of the amount of fertilizer input varies depending on the type of fertilizer, but in the case of the above embodiment, it is possible to add up to about 90% of the volume in the mixing chamber 1. After the fertilizer is put into the mixing chamber 1, the hydraulic cylinder 35 of the dump mechanism 3 is extended to dump the mixing chamber 1 to a predetermined inclination angle (FIG. 5). The predetermined inclination angle is the maximum angle at which the fertilizer introduced into the mixing chamber 1 is maintained in an inclined state without being broken,
The angle is a little smaller than the so-called repose angle, which depends on the viscosity and fluidity of the fertilizer, but in most cases, it is set to be slightly larger than 30 °.

When both the screw augers 2R and 2L are rotationally driven in the state where the mixing chamber 1 is dumped as described above, the fertilizer introduced into the mixing chamber 1 is in the transport range 2a of the screw augers 2R and 2L. While being agitated by the spiral blade 21, the mixing chamber 1 is conveyed and moved so as to rise incline from the rear end side (low position) of the inner bottom to the front end (high position). As described above, the right screw auger 2R rotates right and the left screw auger 2L rotates left. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, both screw augers 2
The fertilizer agitated by the rotation of R and 2L passes between the bottom of the mixing chamber 1 and both screw augers 2R and 2L, and is discharged upward at the center of the mixing chamber 1 and further along both side walls of the mixing chamber 1. Convection of fertilizer to the bottom surface is created, and the rotary mixing by the flow screw augers 2R and 2L is efficiently performed.

The fertilizer that is gradually conveyed toward the front end side of the mixing chamber 1 by the rotation of both screw augers 2R and 2L is conveyed toward the front end portion of the moving range 2a of both screw augers 2R and 2L, that is, the merging position 2C. To be done. on the other hand,
The fertilizer that has moved to the front end wall of the mixing chamber 1 is pushed back toward the confluence position 2c by the spiral blades 23 in the reverse rotation range 2b at the ends of both screw augers 2R and 2L. Therefore, as described above, the fertilizer transported in the movement range 2a and the fertilizer pushed back by the reverse rotation range 2b merge at the merge position 2c and rise upward (FIG. 6).

The fertilizer pile rising at the confluence 2c gradually grows, and when it exceeds the limit of the angle of repose peculiar to the fertilizer, it largely collapses and collapses to a low position at the rear end of the mixing chamber (FIG. 7). And again both screw augers 2R, 2
L is conveyed toward the front side of the mixing chamber 1 along the slope,
Stirring and mixing are performed while repeating the natural fall due to collapse. That is, according to the above-mentioned mixing device, simultaneously with the rotational mixing by the screw augers 2R and 2L, the stirring and mixing by the natural fall utilizing the inclination is repeatedly performed,
As a result, a good mixing force without unevenness can be exhibited.

If sufficient mixing is performed in the mixing chamber 1, the discharge port 6 provided on the bottom surface of the mixing chamber 1 near the front side is opened, and the discharge hose 8 is connected to the connection port 61. Start fertilizer discharge. The fertilizer is discharged by rotating both screw augers 2R and 2L with the mixing chamber 1 tilted. The fertilizer collected at the merging position 2C by both screw augers 2R and 2L is pushed out from the discharge port 6, passes through the hose 8 and is transferred to an arbitrary container 9. When the discharge port is opened, the mixture conveyed to the confluence point is pushed out from the discharge port. Since the discharge port is located at a high position in the dumped state, it can be discharged as it is to another container. Although fertilizers were mixed in the above-mentioned embodiments, the mixing device can be used for mixing livestock feeds and other granular materials in addition to fertilizers.

Further, the mixing apparatus of the above embodiment is installed on the trolley 5 towed after the tractor and constituted by a hydraulic pump driven by the engine of the tractor as a drive source. The motor may be a stationary type using it as a drive source, or it may be mounted on the bed of a truck and the engine of the truck may be used as a drive source to operate the hydraulic motor 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 35.

In the above embodiment, in order to further increase the mixing efficiency of the fertilizer, the spiral blade 22 in the conveying range 2C of the right screw auger 2R is wound leftward, the screw auger 2R is rotated right, and the left screw is rotated. The spiral blade 22 of the auger 2L was wound clockwise and the screw auger 2L was rotated counterclockwise. However, the combination of the rotation directions of the two screw augers 2R and 2L and the winding direction of the spiral blade 22 is not limited to the above-described combination, and for example, the conveyance range 2 of the right screw auger 2R is used.
The spiral blade 22 in C is wound clockwise, and the screw auger 2R is rotated counterclockwise.
The L spiral blade 22 may be wound counterclockwise and the screw auger 2L may be rotated clockwise.

Further, both screw augers 2R, 2L
Alternatively, the spiral blades 22 may be wound in the same direction and both screw augers 2R and 2L may be rotated in the same direction to convey the fertilizer. In this case, since the fertilizer conveyed by both screw augers is conveyed in a state of being biased to one side in the mixing chamber 1, the mixing efficiency is somewhat lowered,
Although the amount of fertilizer that can be mixed at one time in the mixing chamber 1 is reduced, the adhesion of fertilizer and the uneven mixing of the fertilizer in the mixing chamber do not occur unlike the conventional ones. In the present invention, the mixture is put into a substantially box-shaped mixing chamber held in a tilted state, and the mixture is conveyed while being rotationally mixed from a tilted low position to a high position by a screw auger provided in the mixing chamber. Then
It can also be applied as a method of mixing feeds, etc., where the mixture is concentrated and raised at a high position in the same mixing chamber and the mixture is allowed to fall naturally.

[0024]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. 1. Dump the mixing chamber, and by rotating both screw augers, the compound in the mixing chamber is conveyed while rotating and mixing from the low position of the slope to the high position, and the natural fall of the mixture from the high position is used. Since the mixture is agitated and mixed, a good mixing force can be obtained, and adhesion and unevenness of the mixture in the tank do not occur unlike the conventional one.

2. Since the mixture can be largely stirred by allowing the mixture to drop naturally from the inclined high position, a good stirring force can be obtained even with only two screw augers.

3. In the mixing apparatus according to the second aspect, the mixture can be directly discharged from the discharge port located at a high position to another container by the dump of the mixing chamber. Therefore, the discharging conveyor which has been required in the past becomes unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost of the device can be greatly reduced in combination with the above (2.).

4. In the mixing device of the mixing device of claim 3, both screw augers are rotationally driven symmetrically in Sakai in the middle of both, whereby the mixture introduced into the mixing chamber is evenly convected to the left and right. Since the mixture is agitated and mixed, the agitation and mixing of the mixture can be enhanced, and further, the amount of the mixture that can be mixed at once in the mixing chamber can be increased.

5. In the mixing apparatus of claim 4, the mixture stirred by the rotation of both screw augers is discharged from the bottom surface of the mixing chamber to the upper part of the mixing chamber through the space between both screw augers, and both side walls of the mixing chamber are discharged. The convection of the mixture along the bottom to the bottom is created, so that the stirring and mixing force can be further enhanced, and the mixture splashed from both screw augers is discharged upward from the center of the mixing chamber. Therefore, the problem that the side wall of the mixing chamber is abraded by the mixture to be levitated does not occur.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a fertilizer mixing apparatus embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the mixing device showing a state where the mixing chamber is dumped.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the mixing chamber.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the mixing device with the mixing chamber dumped, showing a state in which fertilizer is conveyed toward the front end of the mixing chamber.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the mixing device with the mixing chamber dumped, showing a state in which fertilizer is swollen at the front end of the mixing chamber.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the mixing device with the mixing chamber dumped, showing a state in which the fertilizer has collapsed and dropped.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the mixing device in a dump state of the mixing chamber, showing a state in which fertilizer is being discharged from the discharge port.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the bottom of the mixing chamber.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a conventional mixing device.

11 is a sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Mixing chamber 2R, 2L ... Screw auger 3 ... Dump mechanism 5 ... Truck 6 ... Discharge port

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A substantially box-shaped mixing chamber is provided, and two screw augers that are driven to rotate along a bottom surface of the mixing chamber are provided in parallel and close to each other, and the spiral direction of the spiral blades of the both screw augers is provided. Is configured in a forward winding in its transport range, and only the forward end in the transport direction is partially reversely wound,
A mixing device for fertilizer or the like, in which one end of the mixing chamber on the starting end side in the transport direction is pivotally supported and the other end of the mixing chamber is raised by a dumping mechanism to a predetermined height and supported so as to be lowered. 2. A mixing device for fertilizer and the like according to claim 1, wherein a discharge port for the mixture is provided on the bottom surface of the mixing chamber near the other end thereof so as to be openable and closable. 3. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the spiral directions of the spiral blades in the conveying range of both screw augers are reversely wound between the two, and the reverse rotation directions of the two are reversed. Mixing device for etc. 4. In the conveying range of the screw auger arranged on the right side in the conveying direction, the spiral direction of the spiral blade in the conveying range of the screw auger is left-turned, and the screw auger is rotated clockwise, and in the conveying range of the screw auger arranged on the left side in the conveying direction. 3. The mixing device for fertilizer and the like according to claim 1, wherein the spiral direction of the spiral blade is right-handed and the screw auger is rotated counterclockwise.