JPH0854232A - Apparatus for measuring reference height of ground surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure the reference height of an uneven ground surface, e.g. a field, accurately. CONSTITUTION:A light emitting unit 12 for emitting a laser light in the horizontal direction at a predetermined height is mounted on a leg body 11 disposed outside a field 9, of which reference height is measured. On the other hand, a light receiving unit 15 is mounted on the post 14 of a leveler equipped with a ground body 7 movable along the ground surface. The leveler is hauled by a tractor and runs within the field 9 in order to detect the laser light receiving height at a large number of points. The data is stored in a memory 16 and the average value of the height of ground surface is operated by means of an operating unit 17, e.q. a microcomputer, from a large number of data of light receiving height.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring a reference height of the ground surface for leveling unevenness of the ground surface over a wide area such as a paddy field and a playground.

[0002]

[Technical background] If there is a large unevenness on the ground surface (cultivated surface) of a paddy field for cultivating rice, etc., there will be a large difference in the depth of water drawn in, and the survival of seedlings after transplantation will be improved. Since a bad place is formed or the growth of seedlings is different and the yield is reduced, generally, after cultivating the paddy field with a cultivator that is towed by a tractor, etc., a scraper that is also towed by a tractor or the like is used. A leveler is used to even out the ground surface (cultivated surface) of the paddy field to eliminate irregularities.

In this case, if the depth of the scraper or the leveler with respect to the ground is too deep with respect to the ground surface where the wheels of the tractor or the like are in contact with the ground, the amount of soil to be shaved increases and the leveling work of one field is completed. Later, a pile of soil will be formed in the field scene, and it is necessary to uniformly spread this extra soil in the field scene. On the contrary, when the depth of bite of the scraper or the leveler with respect to the ground is small, there is a problem that the soil is not buried in the recess in the field scene and a part with a large water depth is formed when water is drawn.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to level the soil in one field without excess or deficiency, a horizontally rotatable height measuring device provided outside the field prior to the leveling work ( Leveling rod) to a surveying bar (railing stick) standing on any surface of the field
The procedure of reading the height scale attached to the field to measure the height at that position or measuring the height difference between two points is repeated for many points in the field, and the height of the ground surface of one field is increased. Was calculated, and the depth of penetration of the scraper or leveler into the ground was determined based on this average value.

[0005]

However, in order to carry out the above-mentioned surveying work, at least two people are required, and the subsequent calculation work (average value calculation work) is also troublesome. there were. Such a problem has been a problem associated with road formation work, for example, when leveling a runway of a large area of a playground or an airfield horizontally.

The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and it is possible to automatically measure and calculate the reference height of the ground surface without requiring manpower. It is intended to provide a measuring device.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for measuring the reference height of the ground surface of the present invention is arranged in an area where the reference height is to be measured or an area outside the area. A light emitting device that emits a laser beam in a horizontal direction at a constant height, and a traveling body, or mounted on an object that is pulled by this and moves along the ground surface, receives the laser beam,
It is characterized in that it is provided with a light receiver capable of detecting the light receiving height, and a calculating means for calculating an average value of the height of the ground surface from a large number of data of the light receiving height value by the light receiving device. .

[0008]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a tractor 1 as a traveling machine that travels along a ground surface S of an uneven field 9 for which a reference height value should be calculated has a link to which a towed leveler 2 can move up and down. It is connected via a formula hitch 3. The hitch 3 has a pivoting base end on the tractor 1 side, connects an elevating arm 4 that moves up and down, and connects the leveler 2 to the tractor 1.
It is configured to control the height of the.

On the machine frame of the leveler 2, a scraper body 5 which is long in a direction intersecting with the traveling direction of the tractor 1 is mounted by an operating lever 6 so that its height can be changed. Further, a grounding body 7 such as a wheel that rolls while contacting the ground surface S is mounted on the rear portion of the machine frame of the leveler 2 so that the height position can be changed by an operating lever 8. At a position outside the field 9, for example, a ridge 10 shown in FIG. 1, a leg 11 capable of projecting a horizontal plane is erected, and a top plate (horizontal plate) 1 of the leg 11 is provided.
A light emitter 12 capable of emitting a laser beam is mounted on 1a, and a power source 13 shown in FIG. 3 is connected to operate. The light emitter 12 may be configured to emit the laser light L while pivoting to the left and right sides over a horizontal angle range of about 180 degrees on a horizontal plane.
A configuration may be adopted in which the laser light is constantly emitted over a range of a horizontal angle of about 180 degrees.

A pillar 14 standing on the machine frame of the leveler 2.
A light receiver 15 is attached to the. This light receiver 15
Is capable of receiving the laser light L from the light emitter 12, and is provided with the line light receiving element 15a extending in the height (vertical) direction, or a plurality of point light receiving elements (not shown) in the height direction. Are arranged at appropriate intervals (for example, 2 cm intervals) so that the height of the laser beam can be detected. An example of the line light receiving element is a CCD line image sensor, and an example of the point light receiving element is a laser photodiode. In addition,
Since the slope of the ground surface S of the farm field 9 in this embodiment with respect to the horizontal plane is about 10 cm with respect to 100 meters in the horizontal direction, the detection range of the height of the light receiving position of the laser light by the light receiver 15 is 20 cm. It is a degree.

A large number of data detected by the photodetector 15 as will be described later can be read / written at any time (RAM).
Is stored in a storage device 16 such as a storage device, and an average value of the height of the ground surface is calculated from the data by a calculation device 17 such as a microcomputer as a calculation means, and the result is displayed by a display device 18
To display. Examples of the display device 18 include an LED display panel and the like.

Next, the operation of measuring the height of the ground surface S of the field 9 and obtaining the average depth to be uniformly leveled by the leveler 2 will be described. First, stand the leg 11 on the ridge 10 and adjust the top plate 11a so that it is horizontal,
The laser emitter 12 is installed on the top plate 11a. On the other hand, the tractor 1 is driven into the field 9 and the tractor 1
The leveler 2 is connected to, and the grounding body 7 of the leveler 2 is brought into contact with the ground surface S, and the scraper body 5 is adjusted to be separated from the ground surface S. Next, the laser beam L emitted from the light emitting device 12 is set so as to be able to be received at an almost mid-height position of the light receiving device 15 fixed on the column 14 of the leveler 2 machine frame located at the starting point of the field 9. .

In this state, as shown in FIG. 3, while the tractor 1 is running in the field 9, the leveler 2 and the light receiver 1 are used together.
Data of the light receiving height H1, H2, H3, ... Hn of the laser beam L by the light receiver 15 at an appropriate time interval or a travel distance interval (for example, an interval of 2 meters) by towing 5
Are collected at multiple points. In this case, it is necessary that the emission direction of the laser light L from the light emitter 12 reaches the left and right ends of the field, and the light emitter 12 is rotated to the left or continuously emitted in a fan shape up to about 180 degrees left and right. Preferably, it is configured to continue. Also, the tractor 1
It is preferable to rotate the light receiver 15 itself so that the direction of the light receiver 15 is aligned with the emitting direction of the laser beam L by the light emitter 12 in accordance with the change of the traveling direction of the light receiver 15.

In the storage device 16, in order to count the number of data collection points, the counter is incremented for each data collection point, while the data value of the received light height is added and stored in the storage device 16. After running one field 9,
The received light height data H1, H2, H3, ...
The reference height Ho [= (H1 + H2 + H3 + ... + Hn) / n] is obtained by calling Hn to the arithmetic unit 17 and dividing the added value by the number of data (the number of data collection points) n.
Is obtained and the value is displayed on the display device 18 (see FIG. 3).

In this way, the operator can obtain the data of the heights of the ground surface S at many points in one field 9 very easily by simply running the tractor 1, and the many data can be obtained. From this, the reference height Ho can be calculated, and the value can be known by looking at the display device 18.
After that, in the tractor 1 stopped at an arbitrary traveling start position in the field 9, the light receiver 1 in which the laser light L from the light emitter 12 is fixed on the pillar 14 of the machine frame of the leveler 2.
The light is received at 5, and the height is adjusted so that the lower end (scraped surface) of the scraper body 5 comes downward at a distance Ho from the condensing point, and the leveler 2 is held by the tractor 1 while keeping the height state. If it is towed, even if the ground surface S of one field 9 has irregularities, the soil in the convex portion is scraped off, while the scraped soil is supplied to the recessed portion, so that the entire field has a uniform height. It can be evened out.

In the above embodiment, the light receiver 15 is mounted on the leveler 2 towed by the tractor 1, but the light receiver 15 may be mounted on the tractor 1 itself, or the traveling body pulled by the operator. The light receiver 15 may be mounted on the upper pillar 14 or the like. On the other hand, the light emitter 12 is, as shown in FIG.
It may be movably mounted on a rail 19 that is horizontally arranged outside the field 9, and may be moved to a position close to the traveling position on the tractor 1, or the light emitter 12 in the field 9 to be measured. It may be arranged at any position via the leg 11.

[0017]

As described above, the apparatus for measuring the reference height of the ground surface according to the present invention is arranged in an area where the reference height is to be measured or an area outside the area, and the height is constant. A light emitting device that emits a laser beam in a horizontal direction and a traveling body or a light receiving device that is mounted on an object that is pulled by this and moves along the ground surface to receive the laser beam and to detect the light receiving height. And a calculation means for calculating the average value of the height of the ground surface from a large number of data of the height of the light received by the light receiver. The height of this light receiver changes at each measurement point at many points such as in the field by simply moving an object such as the above.Therefore, the laser light emitted horizontally from the light emitter is received by the light receiver and the height changes. The data of can be obtained automatically. By dividing the sum of this data by the number of measurements (the number of measurement points) and calculating the average value, it is possible to easily obtain the reference height of the field, etc. By increasing the number of measurement points, the reference height The accuracy can also be improved.

As described above, according to the present invention, the measurement work and the calculation work of the reference height of a field or the like become extremely simple,
The effect is that it takes no effort.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a surveying operation by a tractor in a field.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a relationship between traveling of a tractor and arrangement of light emitters in a field.

FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing a height relationship between a light emitting device and a light receiving device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 tractor 2 leveler 7 grounding body 9 field 11 leg 12 light emitter 15 light receiver 16 storage device 17 arithmetic unit 18 display device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light emitter which is arranged in an area where a reference height is to be measured or an area outside the area and which emits a laser beam in a horizontal direction at a constant height, and a traveling body or is pulled by this. A receiver that is mounted on an object that moves along the ground surface and that receives the laser light, and that can detect the height of the received light; and a large number of data of the height of the light received by the light receiver, An apparatus for measuring a reference height of the ground surface, comprising: an arithmetic means for calculating an average value.