JPH0849765A - Transmission with parking lock mechanism for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a transmission with parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle at a low cost not from new design by making use of an existing manual transmission. CONSTITUTION:Making use of a commonly-known manual transmission used for a vehicle mounted with an internal combustion engine, a motor is direct- coupled to the end part of an input shaft 3 protruding into a clutch housing 1, and the forward/backward motion of an electric vehicle is switched by the normal/reverse rotation of the motor. The rotation to the input shaft 3 is transmitted to an output shaft 4 being speed-reduced by a pair of first speed gears 6, 7, and this rotation reaches a differential gear 10 through a pinion 8 and a ring gear 9. A parking pawl 12 is rotatably supported on a reverse idler shaft 11, and a parking gear 13 is spline-fitted onto the output shaft 4 in the rotating face position of the parking pawl 12 so as to form parking lock mechanism 5 of these parking pawl 12 and parking gear 13.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle which selects forward and backward movement by forward and reverse rotation of a motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A transmission for an electric vehicle has usually been newly designed as a transmission dedicated to the transmission as described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 59-188342.

[0003]

However, if a transmission for exclusive use of an electric vehicle is newly developed in this way, a great deal of cost is required for the development, and the electric vehicle becomes expensive. There was a problem that it hindered the spread of.

The present invention diverts a manual transmission used in a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine and adds a parking lock mechanism, which is indispensable to an electric vehicle, to an inexpensive transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle. The purpose is to realize.

[0005]

For this purpose, a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to a first aspect of the present invention is a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle in which forward and backward movement is selected by forward and reverse rotation of a motor. A well-known manual transmission used with an engine is diverted, and instead of the reverse idler gear for selecting the reverse gear of the manual transmission, a parking pole is rotatably supported on the reverse idler shaft,
A parking gear is integrally rotatably provided on the output shaft of the transmission at the rotation surface position of the parking pawl, and a parking lock mechanism is constituted by the parking pawl and the parking gear.

Further, the transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention eliminates any forward gear selection gear set other than any one forward gear selection gear set in the above-mentioned known manual transmission. Each of the gears forming an arbitrary one forward gear selection gear set is integrally rotatably coupled to a corresponding shaft.

Further, a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to a third aspect of the present invention is a striking rod to which a shifting operation from a driver is input, and a striking rod which is interlocked with the striking rod, in the shifting operation system of the known manual transmission. A parking lock operation system is configured by diverting a select lever, which is connected to a parking actuator that rotates the parking pawl to a parking lock position that engages with a parking gear. is there.

In the transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the parking lock operation system is configured so that a parking lock state can be obtained by operating from the neutral position of the striking rod to one shift position. At the neutral position of the striking rod, the motor is reversely rotated for reverse, at the other shift position, the motor is normally rotated for forward, and the motor is stopped between the neutral position and the other shift position and the one shift position. The motor is correlated with the striking rod so as to be electrically switchable.

[0009]

In the first aspect of the invention, the electric vehicle enables forward and backward traveling by the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. During this period, the transmission with the parking lock mechanism shifts the rotation of the motor to be used for traveling of the electric vehicle, and enables the forward and backward traveling of the electric vehicle.

When the electric vehicle is parked, the parking pawl forming the parking lock mechanism is rotated to engage the parking gear, thereby fixing the transmission output shaft.

By the way, a well-known manual transmission used together with an internal combustion engine is diverted, and the parking paw is rotatably supported on a reverse idler shaft instead of the reverse idler gear for selecting the reverse gear of the manual transmission. ,
Since the parking gear is integrally rotatably provided on the transmission output shaft at the rotation surface position of the parking pawl, and the parking lock mechanism is constituted by the parking pawl and the parking gear, a well-known manual transmission for an internal combustion engine is used. Can be used to build a transmission with a park lock mechanism, which is essential for electric vehicles, thus making it possible to build electric vehicles inexpensively without the need to design new transmissions for electric vehicles. Therefore, the spread of electric vehicles can be promoted.

The transmission with a parking lock mechanism according to the second aspect of the present invention eliminates any one forward gear selection gear set other than the arbitrary one forward gear selection gear set in the known manual transmission described above. Since each of the gears forming the forward gear selection gear set is integrally rotatably coupled to the corresponding shaft,
Using a well-known manual transmission, it is possible to construct a simple transmission with a parking lock mechanism that does not have an unnecessary forward gear selection gear set, and to further reduce the cost of electric vehicles and promote their popularization. be able to.

Further, in the transmission with a parking lock mechanism according to the third aspect of the present invention, among the gear shift operation system in the above-described known manual transmission, a striking rod to which a shift operation from a driver is inputted and a select lever which is interlocked with the striking rod. And a parking actuator that connects the parking lever to the parking lock position for engaging the parking gear with the select lever,
Since the park lock operation system is configured, the parking lock operation system can also be constructed by diverting the striking rod and the select lever from the gear change operation system in the known manual transmission, which makes the electric vehicle even more inexpensive. And promotion of further spread.

In the transmission with a parking lock mechanism according to the fourth aspect of the invention, the parking lock operation system is configured so that the parking lock state can be obtained by operating from the neutral position of the striking rod to one shift position. At the neutral position, the motor is reversely rotated for reverse, at the other shift position, the motor is normally rotated for forward, and the motor is stopped so as to stop between the neutral position and the other shift position and the one shift position. Since the steering wheel is electrically switchable relative to the striking rod, the parking select position, the reverse select position, the stop select position, and the forward select position are sequentially adjacent to each other, and this arrangement is normal. It is the same as the automatic transmission of, and it is possible to eliminate discomfort in driving operation.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. For this transmission, basically, a well-known manual transmission used in a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine is diverted as follows. FIG.
Shows a power transmission system of the transmission according to this example, 1 is a clutch housing, and 2 is a transmission case.

The dry single-plate clutch in the clutch housing 1 is removed here, and a motor (not shown) is directly connected to the end of the transmission input shaft 3 projecting into the clutch housing so that the transmission of the electric vehicle transmission can be used. To serve. For this reason, the transmission is a simple speed reducer that decelerates the rotation of the input shaft 3 by one stage and outputs it to the transmission output shaft 4. However, since it is for an electric vehicle, a necessary parking lock mechanism 5 will be described later. To add.

Of the forward gear selection gear set in the transmission case 2, except the first speed input gear 6 on the input shaft 3 and the first speed output gear 7 on the output shaft 4 which form the first speed gear set are left.
Remove all other 2nd through 5th gear sets. The first-speed input gear 6 is integrally molded with the input shaft 3 as usual, but the first-speed output gear 7 is spline-fitted onto the output shaft 4 so that it can always rotate together with the output shaft 4.

Further, a final drive pinion 8 is integrally formed on the output shaft 4, and a differential gear device 10 driven by a final drive ring gear 9 meshing with the final drive pinion 8 is rotatably supported in the transmission case 2.

The transmission of this example is used for an electric vehicle that switches between forward and reverse movements by the forward and reverse rotations of the motor. Therefore, since the transmission does not need a reverse gear, it is normally used for bearings of a reverse idler gear. A reverse parking idler shaft 11 is rotatably supported on the reverse idler shaft 11 but is not displaced in the axial direction. A parking gear 13 is provided on the output shaft 4 at the rotation surface position of the parking pole 12. The parking lock mechanism 5 is constituted by the parking pawl 12 and the parking gear 13 by spline fitting.

2 to 4 show an operating system of the parking lock mechanism 5. This parking lock operating system also utilizes the existing striking rod 14, control lever 15 and select lever 16 in a known manual transmission, It is configured as follows. That is, in this example, the select lever 16 is supported so as not to be displaceable in the direction of the rotation axis thereof, and the select plate 17 is coupled to the select lever 16 so as to rotate integrally. The select plate 17 has one end connected to the parking actuator 18 and the other end engaged with a detent spring 19 (see FIG. 3). The parking actuator 18 receives the reaction force from the actuator receiver 20 (see FIG. 4) by the axial displacement indicated by α in FIGS. It is assumed that the parking pawl 12 is engaged with the parking gear 13 to achieve the parking lock state by rotating in the β direction in FIG.

The striking rod 14 is used for inputting a shift operation by the driver. In this example, however, since the select lever 16 cannot be displaced in the axial direction as described above, the striking rod 14 cannot be rotated. Has been done. Therefore, the striking rod 14 can only be shifted in the axial direction, and as shown in FIG. 3, the reverse running selection position (R) is set to the neutral position of the striking rod 14 and
4. The parking selection position (P) is set to the push-in shift position pushed from the neutral position of 4, and the forward travel selection position (D) is set to the pull-out shift position extracted from the neutral position of the striking rod 14, and the neutral position of the striking rod 14 is set. A stop selection position (N) is set between the position and the push-in shift position.

At the parking selection position (P) in which the striking rod 14 is pushed, the control lever 15, the select lever 16, the select plate 17, and the parking actuator 18 are arranged so as to be in the positions indicated by the solid lines in FIGS. 2 to 4. Parking actuator 18
However, under the reaction force received by the actuator receiver 20, the parking pawl 12 is rotated by the cam action in the β direction in FIG. 2 to the illustrated position, and the parking pawl 12 and the parking gear 13 are engaged with each other to achieve the parking lock state. It shall be.

At the backward traveling selection position (R), the vehicle stopping selection position (N), and the forward traveling selection position (D) of the striking rod 14, the state at the forward traveling selection position (D) is taken as an example, and two points are shown in FIG. As indicated by the chain line, the parking actuator 18 rotates the parking pawl 12 to a position where it does not engage with the parking gear 13 with the corresponding rotation of the select lever 16 and the select plate 17, thereby releasing the park lock state. It shall be.

At the backward traveling selection position (R) of the striking rod 14, the motor is reversely rotated in reverse, and at the stopping selection position (N) and the parking selection position (P) of the striking rod 14, the motor is stopped. At the forward travel selection position (D) of the striking rod 14, the motor is electrically switchably correlated with the striking rod 14 so as to rotate the motor forward for forward travel.

As shown in FIG. 3, the detent spring 19 cooperates with the select plate 17 to provide a moderation for the operation at each stroke position of the striking rod 14. The driver can sensuously know the current selection position of the striking rod 14 by this moderation feeling.

The operation of the above embodiment will be described below. First,
In order to explain the power transmission operation of the transmission with reference to FIG. 1, when the driver performs an operation of moving the striking rod 14 to the D position in order to move forward, the motor is rotated in the forward direction, and the motor is moved to the input shaft 3. The forward rotation is reduced from the input gear 6 to the output gear 7, and then transmitted to the drive wheels of the electric vehicle through the output shaft 4, the final drive pinion 8, the final drive ring gear 9, and the differential gear device 10 in sequence. The electric vehicle can be driven forward.

When the driver operates the striking rod 14 to the R position in order to drive backward, the motor is rotated in the reverse direction, and the reverse rotation from the motor to the input shaft 3 is decelerated from the input gear 6 and output. Reaching the gear 7, and then the output shaft 4, the final drive pinion 8, the final drive ring gear 9, and the differential gear device 1.
It is transmitted to the drive wheels of the electric vehicle sequentially through 0, and the electric vehicle can be moved backward.

When the driver operates the striking rod 14 to the N position in order to stop from the above running,
The motor is stopped and power is not transmitted to the drive wheels, so that the electric vehicle can be stopped.

When the driver operates the striking rod 14 to the P position in order to park, the motor is stopped and the park lock state is obtained as follows. That is, at the P position of the striking rod 14, the control lever 15, the select lever 16, the select plate 17, and the parking actuator 18 are set to the positions indicated by the solid lines in FIGS. Under the force receiving, the parking pawl 12 is rotated by the cam action in the β direction in FIG. 2 to the illustrated position, and the parking lock state is achieved by the engagement of the parking pawl 12 and the parking gear 13.

[0030]

As described above, the transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention uses a well-known manual transmission used with an internal combustion engine.
Instead of the reverse idler gear for selecting the reverse gear stage of the manual transmission, the parking pawl is rotatably supported on the reverse idler shaft, and the parking gear is provided on the transmission output shaft at the rotational surface position of the parking pawl. Since the parking lock and the parking gear make up the parking lock mechanism, it is possible to use a well-known manual transmission for an internal combustion engine to shift gears with the parking lock mechanism that is essential for electric vehicles. Therefore, the electric vehicle can be constructed inexpensively without the need to newly design a transmission for the electric vehicle, and the spread of the electric vehicle can be promoted.

A transmission with a parking lock mechanism according to a second aspect of the present invention is, as described in claim 2, a forward gear selection gear set other than any one forward gear selection gear set in the known manual transmission. And the gears forming the arbitrary one forward speed stage selection gear set are integrally rotatably connected to the corresponding shafts. It is possible to construct a transmission with a simple parking lock mechanism that does not have a gear selection gear set, and to further reduce the cost of electric vehicles and promote their spread.

Further, a transmission with a parking lock mechanism according to a third aspect of the present invention is, as described in claim 3, a striking rod and a striking rod to which a shift operation from a driver is input in the shift operation system of the known manual transmission. Since a select lever that interlocks with this striking rod is diverted and a parking actuator that rotates the parking pawl to a park lock position that engages with a parking gear is connected to the select lever, a park lock operation system is configured. , The parking lock operation system can also be constructed by diverting the striking rod and the select lever from the gear change operation system in the known manual transmission,
It is possible to further reduce the cost of electric vehicles and promote their widespread use.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in a transmission with a parking lock mechanism as described in claim 4, the parking lock operation is performed so that the parking lock state can be obtained by operating from the neutral position of the striking rod to one shift position. The system is configured such that the motor is reversely rotated for reverse in the neutral position of the striking rod, the motor is normally rotated for forward in the other shift position, and it is between the neutral position and the other shift position and the one shift position. Since the motor is electrically connected to the striking rod so as to be stopped, the parking select position, the reverse select position, the stop select position, and the forward select position are sequentially selected. Adjacent to each other, this arrangement becomes the same as that of a normal automatic transmission, and discomfort in driving operation can be eliminated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a developed sectional view showing an embodiment of a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a parking lock operation system in the example.

3 is a cross-sectional view as seen from the direction of the arrow AA in FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow.

4 is a cross-sectional view as seen from the direction of the arrow from the line BB of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Clutch Housing 2 Transmission Case 3 Transmission Input Shaft 4 Transmission Output Shaft 5 Park Lock Mechanism 6 1st Speed Input Gear 7 1st Speed Output Gear 8 Final Drive Pinion 9 Final Drive Ring Gear 10 Differential Gear Device 11 Reverse Idler Shaft 12 Parking Pole 13 Parking gear 14 Strike rod 15 Control lever 16 Select lever 17 Select plate 18 Parking actuator 19 Detent spring 20 Actuator holder

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location F16H 3/02 Z 8609-3J (72) Inventor Hiroyoshi Ario 2 Takaracho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Address Within Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. In a transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle that selects forward and backward movement by forward and reverse rotation of a motor, a well-known manual transmission used with an internal combustion engine is diverted, and a reverse gear selection reverse of the manual transmission is used. Instead of an idler gear, a parking pole is rotatably supported on a reverse idler shaft, and a parking gear is provided on the output shaft of the transmission so as to be integrally rotatable at a rotation surface position of the parking pole. A transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the parking lock mechanism is configured with. 2. The forward gear selection gear set other than the arbitrary one forward gear selection gear set in the known manual transmission according to claim 1, wherein the arbitrary one forward gear selection is removed. A transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle, characterized in that gears forming a gear set are integrally rotatably coupled to corresponding shafts. 3. The striking rod inputting a shifting operation from a driver and a select lever interlocking with the striking rod among the shifting operation system in the known manual transmission according to claim 1 or 2, A parking lock operating system is constructed by connecting a parking actuator for rotating the parking pawl to a parking lock position where a parking gear is engaged with the select lever to form a parking lock operation system. . 4. The parking lock operation system according to claim 3, wherein the parking lock operation system is configured to obtain a parking lock state by operating from the neutral position of the striking rod to one shift position, and the motor is operated at the neutral position of the walking rod. Reverse rotation for reverse, forward rotation of the motor at the other shift position, to stop the motor between the neutral position and the other shift position and the one shift position,
A transmission with a parking lock mechanism for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the motor is electrically switchably correlated with a striking rod.