JPH0838543A - Fitting adhesive tape - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a disposable adhesive bondage having an enhanced deformability, which securely sticks to a wearer's skin even if its adhesive agent is small in amount, by composing of a conforming backing material, an adhesive layer and an absorbent pad and allowing to deform easily and to return to its original form. CONSTITUTION: An adhesive bondage 10 is composed of a backing material 20, an adhesive layer 30 and an absorbent pad 40. The backing material 20 is composed of a polymer foam or a textile material which affords the adhesive bondage 10 with an appropriate deformability. It is preferably composed of an independent foamed polyvinyl chloride foam or film, etc., in which deformability and strength are given in every direction by attempting so that identical or similar stretchability and recoverability in every direction. As a backing material 20, for example, plasticized polyvinyl chloride vinyl foam having about 30 pounds/feet<3> in density and about 20 mil in thickness may be used.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to disposable bandages and bandages for mild and severe cutaneous wounds, irritation and abrasions. More particularly, the present invention relates to a disposable bandage that is highly flexible and conforms to the skin of the wearer. They provide comfort to the wearer and relatively low amounts of adhesive and / or less strong adhesive can be used to maintain the bond between the bandage and the skin.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Disposable bandages have been marketed for many years to aid in the treatment of cuts and abrasions. These serve to cover and protect the wound while it heals. Such disposable bandages include a backing material that acts as a support and a cover that protects the wound; a pad that covers the cut or scuff; and an adhesive composition that is deposited on the backing material. The adhesive composition adheres the pad to the backing and the exposed portions adhere the backing to the skin surrounding the wound area. However, there are some inherent problems with the use of such bandages. First, the wearer often has abrasions on more frequently moving areas of the skin such as the fingers, elbows and knees. As a result, the adhesive plaster exerts a force to deform it. This deformation often results in separation of the bandage from the skin. Second, in an attempt to prevent this separation, bandages are made with somewhat stronger adhesive compositions. They tend to irritate sensitive skin and can also damage the skin when removed from the wearer.

Over the years, various changes and improvements have been made in the commercial aspects of disposable bandage products.
For example, the backing is made from vinyl film, soft fabric, and even foam to make a bandage that more easily conforms to the wearer's skin and movement.
However, previous attempts have not provided consumers with a bandage that remains firmly adhered to the skin and is easily adapted to movement.

For example, US Pat. No. 3,025,854 (Scholl, 1962) discloses a bandage with a film support and pad, having a foam rather than a gauze. However, this structure does not always provide adequate ventilation to the wound.

US Pat. No. 3,113,568 (Robin
S., 1963), discloses a "astringent" bandage containing an absorbent pad with a tightly woven reticulated barrier layer. The reticular barrier layer aids in blood clotting which promotes hemostasis and healing of the wound. This patent suggests that such barrier layers are composed of open cell polyurethane foam.

US Pat. No. 3,949,742 (Nowako
wski, 1976) discloses a medical dressing composed of a transparent, thin, flexible laminate in which a thin layer of non-porous segmented polyurethane backing is adhesively secured to a thin layer of agglomerated reticulated foam. ing. The backing layer is non-porous,
It is very thin.

US Pat. No. 4,733,659 (Edenba
Um et al., 1988) discloses a disposable bandage made from a single sheet of liquid permeable, soft thermoplastic hydrophilic foam. The foam is laminated with a porous pressure sensitive adhesive. The foam laminate is compressed as a whole, except where it contacts the wound.

US Pat. No. 4,730,611 (Lamb,
(1988) discloses a bandage composed of a polyurethane foam having a hydrophilic surface which contacts the wound and a hydrophobic surface which faces away from the wound. The pad is placed on a porous nonwoven fibrous sheet that is larger than the pad. It has an adhesive on the side of the pad that contacts the hydrophobic side, and the bandage thereby reveals the hydrophilic side and the adhesive used for contact with the wound. A non-sticky removable cover is placed on the adhesive side of the sheet to prevent premature exposure of the pad and adhesive. This bandage is not easy to use in minor cuts and abrasions. It has the drawback of having a very complex structure.

US Pat. No. 4,341,209 (Schaa
r, 1982), a low density polyethylene independent, with a glossy, smooth, stone, low friction, non-stick surface and a coating-adhesive back with a pressure sensitive adhesive applied to an absorbent pad. Disclosed is a pressure sensitive adhesive bandage containing a cellular foam backing sheet. Polyethylene foam is usually an alternative to plasticizer-containing vinyl films. It has the same material properties as vinyl.

US Pat. No. 4,377,159 (Hanse
n, 1983) discloses a pressure bandage having a substantially triangular or rectangular prism-shaped portion of compressible elastic material attached to a carrier tape. The tape will not provide additional compatibility.

US Pat. No. 5,160,328 (Cartme
ll et al., 1992), hydrogel bandages can contain polyurethane hydrogel materials, which also do not improve the compatibility of the backing material used in such bandages.

US Pat. No. 5,203,764 (Libbey
Et al., 1993) discloses the use of an open cell foam pad made from an adc foam sheet impregnated with a water-curable isocyanate functional polyurethane prepolymer resin for wound care. The pad may also function as a straightening pad.

US Pat. No. 5,264,218 (Rogozi
nski, 1993) discloses a dressing for a wound or skin ulcer containing a semi-permeable transparent polyurethane and a number of concentric polyethylene foam rings or discs.

However, none of the prior art patents
It does not propose or disclose a disposable bandage product that is highly compatible and yet remains firmly attached to the skin of the wearer even with a small amount of adhesive.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a highly compatible, disposable bandage. More particularly, the present invention relates to a highly conformable, disposable bandage composed of a conformable backing, an adhesive layer and a wound covering.

[0016] Preferably, the backing material comprises a foam or fabric support that is highly conformable to the skin of the wearer.
Compatibility can be measured in various ways, especially by stress / strain rate. The products of the present invention have a relatively low stress / strain rate, ie, low stress per unit strain. The stress / strain relationship of the product of the present invention ranges from about 0.5 pounds / inch at 20% strain to about 1.5 pounds / inch at 50% strain.

The adhesive composition useful in the products of the present invention is preferably a pressure sensitive adhesive which has been found to be clinically biocompatible or compatible with the skin of the wearer. In the product of the present invention, the amount of the adhesive composition required to maintain the adhesion to the skin of the wearer can be made smaller than before. Furthermore, less strong adhesives can be used. This is because the product of the present invention bends and moves easily with the skin of the wearer, and generally does not exert a force against such movements that pull the bandage away from the skin. Advantageously, this allows the product of the invention to be less irritating to the wearer's skin and to prevent skin damage from removal.

The absorbent pad of the product of the present invention preferably comprises a wound-releasing portion for contact with the wound itself, and an absorbent portion capable of absorbing and containing wound exudate therein. To be done.

The product according to the invention comprises at least three components, namely a lining material for protecting the wound-covering part of the bandage according to the invention; a product wound which is in contact with the wound and serves as a reservoir for wound exudates. A covering portion; and an adhesive composition that holds the product in place around the wound. Embodiments of the bandage of the present invention are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. In FIG. 1, a bandage 10 is a removable disposable bandage according to one embodiment of the present invention. Adhesive plaster 10 is backing material 2
0, the adhesive layer 30, and the absorbent pad 40. The backing material 20 is preferably constructed of a polymeric foam or woven material that provides suitable compatibility with the bandages of the present invention. More preferably, the backing 20 is comprised of closed cell polyvinyl chloride foam or film; polyethylene foam or film; or polyurethane foam or film. In the product of the present invention, a nonwoven having suitable properties, such as a meltblown such as one containing kraton fibers, or a spunbond made from all natural or synthetic cellulosic fibers or other fibers known to those skilled in the art. It is useful. The backing material must have the same or similar stretch and recovery properties in all directions as it provides conformability and strength in all directions when worn.

The backing material 20 most preferably has a density of about 30 lbs / ft ³ and preferably has a thickness of about 20.
It is a plasticized polyvinyl chloride foam that is a mill. The backing of the product of the invention must be flexible and elastic in order to produce a bandage having the desired properties of the invention. Preferably, the density of the useful polyvinyl chloride foam in the product of the present invention is from about 25 to about 35 lb / ft ³ and a thickness of about 15 to about 25 mils. The foam thickness also provides a cushioning effect that protects the wound from external forces, as compared to conventional backing materials such as vinyl films.

Adhesive composition 30 is preferably a pressure sensitive, biocompatible adhesive. Preferably, it is an aqueous or solution acrylate rubber adhesive, a synthetic rubber adhesive, or a silicone adhesive. More preferably, it is a polyvinyl ester acrylic adhesive. The adhesives useful in the products of the invention have a relatively low action, i.e. their bond strength with steel is low compared to the adhesives used conventionally, but they are When used in combination, it adheres well to the skin. For example, the adhesion strength with steel is about 4
Ounces / inch to about 12 ounces / inch. Adhesives useful in the products of the present invention may be those used in traditional bandages, but the amount applied is lower, ie from about 20 g / m ² to about 40 g / m ² , more preferably Is from about 25 g / m ² to about 35 g / m ² , and most preferably about 30 g / m ² .

The absorbent pad 40 is preferably a laminated or laminated pad containing a wound-release surface and an absorbent body. Preferably, the wound-releasing surface designed for easy removal from the healed wound without disturbing the natural healing process or re-opening the wound is made of polyethylene net material or the like known to those skilled in the art. To be Preferably, the absorbent body of the absorbent pad 40 is a natural or synthetic absorbent and / or heat-sealable fibrous material such as cotton, rayon, polypropylene-.
A woven or non-woven pad made of fibers selected from the group consisting of blends and the like. Most preferably, the absorbent body of absorbent pad 40 is made from a 90% polypropylene-10% rayon blend that can be heat laminated to the wound-release surface. The absorbent body can be laminated to the wound-release surface using radiant or ultrasonic energy,
Alternatively, they may fold over each other by exposing the wound-release surface to the side of the bandage that contacts the wearer's skin. 2 and 3 illustrate another aspect of the disposable bandages of the present invention, they can be manufactured in a variety of shapes and sizes and are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Preferably, the products of the present invention are sufficiently conformable that they adhere comfortably to the skin of the wearer and are adhered for removal without strong adhesion. However, they must be elastic enough to maintain their shape and return to approximately their original shape when the applied forces from skin or body movements are removed. They must fit easily within the range of forces produced by body and skin movements, and must be able to withstand the forces they experience when applied to joints, and they must Or, do not apply excessive pressure.

Desirable properties in the backings and products of the present invention can be measured in terms of the force (pounds / inch) required to subject the bandage of the present invention to a given strain and the energy recovered by relaxation of the product. Tensile strength and elongation at break are also useful measures of the products of this invention. The data obtained from the tests performed according to the following procedure are shown in FIGS.

[0025] force on force body distorted distortion can be measured in the following manner:
The products of the invention are conditioned according to TAPPI standards for 24 hours at 70 ° F. and 65% relative humidity. Place the product into the Instron tester clamp with a gauge length of 2.5 inches. The product is then continuously stretched at a rate of 5 inches / minute to 20%, 50% and 100% of total strain. The force required to stretch the bandage product is measured at each value and normalized to the width of the sample. Preferably,
The force required for 20% strain is about 0.2 to about 0.7 pounds / inch, and at 50% strain is about 1.2 to about 1.8 pounds / inch.

Recovery Energy Recovery energy, the ratio of loaded energy to unloaded energy, is another important property of the products of this invention. This parameter measures the amount of energy recovered by relaxation of the bandage from various strains. The value of this parameter measured with the product of the invention is relatively high, which ensures that the bandage will not deform during use. Preferably, the recovery energy is about 60% to about 70% at 20% strain and about 40% to about 50% at 50% strain. The bandage retains a relatively large amount of energy in use to provide an acceptable amount of elasticity.

Tensile Break Strength Tensile break strength of the product of the invention is another useful measure of the compatibility requirements of the product of the invention. Tensile rupture strength can be measured as follows: A continuously increasing load is applied in the machine direction of the sample to perform a rupture test. Observe the value for the breaking load from the scale of the tester, dial or recording paper. Samples are conditioned under TAPPI requirements for 4 hours at 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity. The sample is held between the two clamps of the Instron tester and strained by the uniform movement of the tension clamp. A tensile clamp with an initial gauge length of 2 inches has a speed of 20 inches / minute for a product with a break time of 10 seconds. If the break time is less than 10 seconds, the tensile rate is modified so that the break time is 10 seconds. The average breaking force of the products of the present invention is about 3.5 to about 6 pounds / inch. Preferably, it is about 4 to about 5 pounds / inch.

Maximum Elongation Maximum elongation is another measure of fitness. The products of the invention are sufficiently compatible that they exhibit a high percentage of elongation without breaking. Maximum elongation can be measured using the same equipment as described in the break strength test above. However, rather than measuring the force required to break the product, the length of the product stretched at the break is measured. The product of the invention has at least about 150 of the original length of the product.
%, Preferably at least about 200%. This ensures that the product does not move when worn,
It adapts to the condition of the skin as it is repositioned.

The articles of the invention need to be manufactured in such a way as to preserve the compatibility and strength of the backing during manufacture.
Disposable bandage products are generally manufactured using rolls. Preferably, the bandages of the present invention retain the properties of the backing material so that the backing material is assembled so that it is separate from the other elements of the final product. This can be done by performing the backing on a roll such as a vacuum drum which accelerates before the absorbent pad reaches the location where it is adhered to the backing. This provides a certain amount of "loosening" between the supply of backing and the absorbent pad, retaining the elasticity of the backing without stretching it. Therefore, the backing needs to be relaxed prior to assembly by running slightly faster than the running speed of the other elements of the product. The adhesive is preferably applied to the backing by transfer coating, but can also be applied using a doctor blade. The preferably laminated absorbent pad is adhered to the backing using an adhesive. A method of making the products of the present invention is described in commonly assigned jointly-pending US patent application Ser. No. 224922 (incorporated herein by reference), filed concurrently with this application on April 8, 1994.

The products of the present invention may be used by placing the disposable bandages of the present invention on a wound or irritation site and pressing the adhesive side of the backing to adhere firmly to the skin of the wearer. When the wound is open, the absorbent pad absorbs wound exudate and prevents it from bleeding into the wearer's skin and / or clothing. In addition, the drug can be applied directly to the pad before it is applied to the skin.

[0031]

【Example】

Example 1. A disposable bandage was made according to the method of the present invention. Density of backing material 30 lb / ft ³ and 2
Closed cell plasticized polyvinyl chloride foam having a thickness of 0 mils. The backing could be applied with an acrylic adhesive. Avery EF available from Avery Dennison
3508 was applied to the foam in an amount of about 30 g / m ² .
An absorbent pad composed of 90% polypropylene-10% rayon blend was laminated to one side of a clear polyethylene net. Strip-shaped bandages were made from rolls of continuous backing having a width equal to the total length of the desired bandage. The absorbent pad material has a width equal to the area of the desired pad. The backing was fed by a vacuum drum whose transfer speed was slightly increased. Along the flow of the vacuum drum, the speed of the backing was reduced so that the elasticity of the backing was retained. The absorbent pad material was then applied to the relaxed base material. A surface tab was placed on the exposed area of the disposable bandage to protect the exposed adhesive prior to application to the wearer's skin. The surface tabs were coated on one side with 13 pounds / strand of polyethylene and Akrosil G9CO silicone release coating 4
It was made from 0 pounds / ream bleached stretched paper, but can also be made using peelable materials known to those skilled in the art.

Example 2. Disposable bandages made according to the method described in Example 1 were tested according to the following method to see if they remained in place on the skin of the wearer. Six disposable bandages of the present invention were applied to the knuckles of the index and middle fingers of both hands and the back of the upper arm of a 24-year-old human subject. No restrictions were placed on the subject's normal activities or bathing habits. The subject was made to put on the plaster for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the subject was examined and it was confirmed that the adhesive bandage of the present invention remained as it was and was adhered to the subject in an acceptable manner.

Example 3. The plaster produced according to the method described in Example 1 was subjected to maximum force vs. strain, load energy vs. strain, recovery energy, tensile break strength and elongation test.
Other products have also been tested. Products A and C are products of the invention made according to the method of Example 1 from plasticized polyvinyl chloride foam. The backing material for products A and B is 30
It has a density of ³ pounds per foot ³ and a thickness of 20 mils. The backing material for Product B is a polyvinyl chloride foam that has a density of 30 lbs / ft ³ and a thickness of 20 mils, but is stiffer than the foam used in Products A and C.
Product D has a vinyl backing, Johnson & Johnson Co
Band-Aid® thin strip bandage available from Nsumer Products. Product E has a textile backing, Johnson & Johnson
Band-Aid (R), a soft textile bandage available from Consumer Products. Product F has a polyvinyl chloride foam backing,
An active strip flexible foam bandage available from 3M Company.

The test was carried out according to the method described above. The results of the maximum force versus strain test are shown in FIG. As you can see in the table,
The relative values of the maximum force with respect to the strain (%) of the products A and C were considerably low. This indicates that the force required to bend or deform the bandage was lower than other bandages. This is important in determining whether the bandages used in accordance with the present invention are acceptably deformable.

The results of the recovery energy test are shown in FIG.
This test measures the amount of energy recovered by removal of the force that exposes the bandage to a given strain. The results of this test show that the recovery energy of products A and C is high, especially at lower strains, and remains high even at 100% strain compared to the other tested products.

Tensile rupture strength was tested according to the procedure described above. The results of this test are shown in FIG. The tensile break strength of the products of the present invention is about 3.5-5 pounds per inch. Therefore, the backing of these products, if not relaxed or supported during the manufacturing process, will break under the force of that process. This process allows the use of a backing material that has a relatively low breaking strength.

The elongations of products AF were also tested. FIG. 7 shows the result. The products of the invention exhibit higher elongations than other products, for example 253% and 152%. The elongation test was performed using a pull rate of 20 inches / minute, but only for Product E, the pull rate was 12 inches / minute. The high elongation of the products according to the invention indicates that they have a clearly high degree of compatibility.

From the above description of the articles of manufacture of the invention, other embodiments and equivalent constructions can be devised which do not exceed the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the products of the present invention are not limited to those specifically disclosed herein.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A highly conformable, disposable bandage comprising a conformable backing, an adhesive layer and a wound covering portion is provided. The products of the present invention provide comfort to the wearer and remain firmly adhered to the wearer's skin, even with low amounts of adhesive or with less aggressive adhesives.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a bottom view of a disposable bandage made in accordance with the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a disposable bandage made in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a disposable bandage made according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows data obtained in a test measuring the maximum force versus strain of several bandages.

FIG. 5 shows data obtained in a test measuring the recovery energy versus strain of several bandages.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing data obtained in a test for measuring the tensile breaking strength of some plasters.

FIG. 7 shows data obtained in a test measuring the maximum elongation of some bandages.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor George Bee Finley, Lexington Drive, Yardley, Yardley, Pennsylvania, USA 1366 (72) Inventor Marlon Es Catalano, United States, 08820 Edison, Box, NJ Wood Circle 13 (72) Inventor Ian Davis Greenbrier Lane, Anadale, 08801 NJ, USA 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A disposable bandage consisting of a compatible backing material, an adhesive layer and an absorbent pad, which can be easily deformed and returned to its original shape.