JPH0837861A - Harvester for field crop - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a selecting conveyor for harvesting root crops such as sweet potato, potato and tuberous root of devil's tongue from the field, selecting and placing them to a container in a harvester for field crops. CONSTITUTION:The automotive machine body of a harvester for field crops is provided with a digging conveyer apparatus 6 which is placed from the front lower end of the machine body to the rear end along the center line upon the machine body, and works for digging crops from the field and transferring them backward. The rear part of the conveyor apparatus 6, where it works for selecting and discharging the crops, is made to decline toward the back side of the machine body with a specified angle.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable to, for example, sweet potato, potato,
The present invention relates to an agricultural product harvesting machine in which root vegetables such as konjac potato are harvested from a field, selected, and stored in a container.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crop harvester that collects root vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, konjac potatoes from the field, sorts them and stores them, it is a self-propelled aircraft, from the front of the lower body to the upper center of the aircraft. Agricultural products in the field are excavated and transported through the rear of the machine, and a digging conveyor device is provided with a horizontal sorting and conveying section at the rear, and the machine is operated and sorted and conveyed behind this harvesting conveyor. It has been proposed by the applicant that a worker step is provided for performing a sorting operation in a department.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional agricultural product harvesting machine, an operator on a worker's step selects a harvested product conveyed by a harvesting conveyor in a sorting and conveying section and stores it in a container. I have to. At this time, the worker leans forward toward the horizontal sorting / conveying unit to perform the sorting work, and inevitably moves forward to try to pick up the crops on the sorting / transporting unit before approaching them in front. You have to extend your hands, which causes fatigue, and it is difficult to pick up anything that comes in front of you.
There was a problem. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention digs and transports agricultural products from a field to a self-propelled aircraft from the front of the lower portion of the fuselage to the rear portion of the fuselage through the upper center of the fuselage. The present invention is characterized in that a digging conveyor device is provided, and a portion of the rear part of the digging conveyor device for performing sorting / discharging work is inclined so as to descend toward the rear of the machine body.

[0005]

With the above construction, the agricultural product harvester of the present invention is
By tilting the part of the rear part of the digging conveyor device that performs sorting / discharging work so that it descends toward the rear of the machine, the operating range of the worker's hands / arms becomes almost even with respect to the conveyor, and sorting work is performed. Easy to do and less fatigue.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a potato harvester, and the potato harvester 1 has a left-right pair on a body 2 (a monocoque frame shown in FIG. 6) to enable spin (supertrust) turning. Equipped with crawler 3,3. An engine 4 is mounted on a slightly front side of the machine body 2, and a hydraulic device driven by the engine 4 is provided near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position near the rear of the machine body 2. Further, the agricultural product in the field is excavated from the lower front part of the machine body 2 between the crawlers 3 and 3 to the rear part of the machine body, and is conveyed backward, and the excavation conveyor device is inclined so that the leading end side descends. 6 is provided. Engine 4
A first operation unit 7 and a second operation unit 7a are provided on both sides of the rear machine body 2.

The digging conveyor device 6 is supported by a pair of left and right side frames (frames) 8, is provided with a digging blade 9 at its tip, and is made of an endless link rod so as to be continuous with the digging blade 9. A series of a slanted conveying section 10 having slats at predetermined intervals and a sorting and conveying section 11 for descending at a predetermined angle toward the end are provided. Further, the excavation conveyer device 6 is vertically rotatable about a rotation shaft (rotation fulcrum) (not shown) at the rear end thereof, and an expansion / contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) provided between the machine body 2 and the side frame 8 is performed. It is possible to adjust up and down. Being located behind the digging conveyor device 6, the first operation unit 7 and the second operation unit 7a are operated to perform the machine body operation and the drive unit operation, and the selection conveyance unit 11 performs the selection work. A worker step 12 is provided for the worker to get on. The step 12 is supported by the support arm 12a and can be displaced between a substantially horizontal use position and a storage position folded toward the machine body by rotating the base of the support arm 12a. Alternatively, only step 12 may be rotated between the use position and the storage position.

The transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 4 to change gears is equipped with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing gears. It is possible to change the speed of the crawler 3 and 3 by continuously connecting and disconnecting the power transmission via the side clutch and the differential device to make the crawlers 3 and 3 change speed continuously and steplessly, and also possible to make a spin turn (super-field turn). I have to. Further, the transmission power is transmitted from the transmission 5 to the excavation conveyor device 6, and the moving speed of the conveyor can be adjusted continuously and steplessly. By combining with stepped traveling, the mining work speed can be set freely.

The left and right side frames 8, 8 of the excavation conveyor device 6
A ridge-following device 14 is provided on the bracket 13 protruding forward from the ridge-following device along with the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the ridge to be harvested. The ridge-following device 14 includes a pair of wheels 15 and 15 that roll on both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested.
Are provided opposite to each other, and both wheels 15 can be vertically adjusted with respect to the excavation conveyor device 6 by an up / down adjusting mechanism 16.
Moreover, it is supported by the slide mechanisms 17, 17 so that the left and right movements can be adjusted. Further, the pair of wheels 15 and 15 have a camber angle and rotate in contact with both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested so that the machine body can be steered and moved following the ridge to be harvested. .

A pair of left and right container mounting tables 18 are provided on both sides of the machine body 2 behind the operating devices 7 and 7a. The container mounting table 18 has a supporting arm 19 and a holder 20 on which one container is mounted, respectively, and the supporting arm 19 is rotatable relative to the machine body 2 in the left-right direction via an air cylinder 21. Supported, holder 2
0 can be folded toward the machine body 2 side with respect to the support arm 19 and can project outward from the machine body 2, and the holder 20 itself can be rotated in the front-rear direction to place the container in the horizontal posture and the vertical posture. Has become. And the container mounting table 18
Can be moved between a use position in which the container is placed while protruding outward from the machine body 2 and a storage position in which the container is folded to the machine body 2 side, and when it is in the use position, it is desired to be stored in the container. The weight of the air cylinder 21 causes the air cylinder 21 to automatically tilt, and when the weight is small, the container approaches the sorting / transporting unit 11, and gradually moves away from the sorting / transporting unit 11 as the weight increases.
I try to reduce scratches on things.

The outer surface (side plate) of each of the first operating portion 7 and the second operating portion 7a has a mounting surface to be attached to a body side plate, which is fitted and locked in a handle hole of an empty container. The container locking hook 22 that is provided and a contact member 23 that is made of an elastic body (for example, a rubber plate or a synthetic resin plate) are provided below the hook 22. Then, the handle hole of the container is fitted and locked to the empty container locking hook 22, and the lower end portion of the container is contacted with the contact member 23 so that the spare container is locked in a long state in the left-right direction. I have to. In addition, one empty spare container can be placed in the vertical position in this locked empty container to prepare two spare containers in total.

Nothing is provided below the sorting / transporting unit 11, so that soil, contaminants, etc. can drop directly from the sorting / transporting unit 11 into the field, and the position above the step 12 behind it. A pair of left and right hand grips 24, 24 are provided in the protector 25. The protector 25 prevents the worker's body from falling to the side of the hand picker 11 at the rear position of the hander 11 between the hand grips 24, 24. Is provided. On one side of the protector 25, a transport unit stop switch 26 that stops the driving of the inclined transport unit 10 and the sorting transport unit 11 when an operator has his / her hand caught in the sorting transport unit 11 is provided. . Further, below the transport end of the sorting transport unit 11,
An elastic soil adhesion preventing plate 27 such as a rubber plate is suspended. It should be noted that the sensor 28 shown in FIG. 4 may be provided at a position above the front side of the protector 25 where the distance between the protector 25 and the sorting / conveying unit 11 becomes narrow.

On the side of the machine body 2 on the side opposite to the engine 4, vines, foliage, large soil blocks, stones, etc. other than potatoes are removed from the harvested products conveyed by the inclined conveyance section 10, and the digging blade 9 is used. An intermediate sorter seat 29 is provided on which an operator who mainly performs a pretreatment work such as separating the stalk and the connected stems from the harvested products that are dug up, and are collectively connected and conveyed. At the front and rear of the seat 29 for the intermediate sorter and at the front side position of the engine 4, spare container mounting bases for mounting spare containers are provided (not shown). The intermediate sorter seat 29, the spare container mounting table, and the like may be detachable.

The operation of the potato harvester 1 of the embodiment constructed as described above will be described below. Potato harvester 1
For example, when root crops such as sweet potato, potato, konjac potato, and ginseng are harvested from the field, the wheels 15 and 15 of the ridge following device 14 are transferred to the inclined both shoulders of the ridge to be harvested, and the digging is performed. The excavation blade 9 of the take-up conveyor device 6 is vertically adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the excavation depth, the harvested product is excavated by the excavation blade 9 by the forward movement of the machine body, and this is conveyed together with the soil by the inclined transport unit 10. Lift it diagonally upward while transporting. During this transportation, soil falls from between the link rods, and from the harvested products transported on the inclined transport unit 10 by the operator sitting on the intermediate sorter seat 29, vines, foliage, large soil blocks, stones, etc. other than potatoes. Is removed, and the pre-treatment work such as mainly separating the stalk and the connected stems from the harvested products which are connected and conveyed in a collective manner is carried to the sorting and conveying section 11.

Only the potatoes in the harvested products moving on the sorting and conveying section 11 are manually sorted by the worker on the worker's step 12 and stored in the container placed on the container placing table 18, 18. To do. At this time, since the sorting / conveying unit 11 is inclined downward to the rear, the operation range of the operator's hand / arm is substantially equal to that of the sorting / conveying unit 11, which facilitates the sorting work and reduces fatigue. Since the container mounting table 18 is provided with the air cylinder 21, the container is approaching the sorting and conveying unit 11 at the beginning when the weight of the container is small, and the sorting and conveying unit 11 gradually increases as the weight increases. It will move away from the house and will be housed with less damage to the food.

When the potatoes in the container are full,
The harvesting work is temporarily suspended, and the harvesting work is restarted by replacing the spare container supported by the container locking hook 22 with the spare container. The worker who has stepped on the worker step 12 during such a sorting operation has a pair of left and right grips 2
Since 4, 24, protector 25, and sensing body 28 are provided, safe operation and sorting work can be performed.
When the hand is caught by 1, the driving of the inclined transport unit 10 and the sorting transport unit 11 is stopped by the transport unit stop switch 26. In addition, the soil adhesion prevention plate 27 allows the sorting and conveying unit 1
The soil and the like falling from 1 are prevented from being applied to the worker.

Here, the potato harvester 1 comprises a crawler 3,
Between the lower part of the machine body, the upper part of the machine body through the upper part of the machine body to the rear part of the machine body, the digging conveyor device 6 is provided, and the worker step 12 is provided behind the digging conveyor device 6, so that one operator can It is possible to control the machine body by the control devices 7 and 7a and perform the sorting work in the sorting and transporting section 11, so that the harvester can be miniaturized to the minimum. Further, since the digging conveyor device 6 is capable of continuously and stepwisely changing its speed and is movable up and down with respect to the machine body 2, the digging conveyor device 6 has an appropriate moving speed and digging according to field conditions and crop conditions. By selecting the harvesting depth, highly accurate and efficient harvesting work can be performed.

In addition, control devices 7, 7a are provided on both sides of the machine body 2.
On the left and right sides of the machine,
Since each step 12 for workers is provided at the lower rear part of the machine body, one operator can perform the machine operation, the work of sorting the harvested products, and the work of accommodating the sorted harvested containers in a small harvester. Can perform multi-functional work. Furthermore, the crawlers 3 and 3 are continuously and steplessly changed in speed and travel, and the spin turn (super-texture turn) is enabled, so that the machine body 2 spins stably on a headland or the like. It is possible to move to the next harvest ridge with one turn, and it is possible to turn with good balance in either the left or right direction. Therefore, the crawlers 3 and 3 do not greatly scrape the soil in the field.

Further, in front of the digging conveyor device 6, there is provided a ridge following device 14 for following the movement of the machine body along the lengthwise direction of the ridge to be harvested, and a pair of rolling ridges to the both shoulders of the ridge to be harvested. Since the wheels 15 are provided so as to face each other so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable with respect to the digging conveyor device 6, both wheels 15 accurately follow the ridges to be harvested to automatically steer the machine body. , Digging conveyor device 6
Automatic digging and transportation is performed by. Therefore, the operator can devote most of the time to the sorting work, except for the machine steering operation at the ridge end of the ridge to be harvested. When the headland is swung at the end of the field, the excavation conveyor device 6 is rotated up and down about the rotation axis (rotation fulcrum) by the hydraulic cylinder to raise all the crawlers 3, 3.
It can be turned with a small turning radius along with the spin turn of.

[0020]

As described above, according to the agricultural product harvester of the present invention, the portion of the rear part of the excavation conveyor device for performing the sorting / discharging work is inclined so as to descend toward the rear of the machine. The operation range of the hand and arm of the worker is almost equal to the part for performing the sorting / discharging work, and the sorting work becomes easy. Further, since there is no waste in the sorting operation, fatigue can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a left side view of the entire agricultural product harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the container mounting table in a stored state.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the container placing table in a used state.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the entire agricultural product harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a monocoque frame (machine body).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 potato harvester 2 machine body (monocoque frame) 3 crawler 4 engine 5 transmission 6 excavation conveyor device 7 first operation part 7a second operation part 8 side frame (frame) 9 excavation blade 10 inclined transfer part 11 sorting Transport unit 12 Step for worker 12a Support arm 13 Bracket 14 Ridge tracking device 15 Wheel 16 Vertical adjustment mechanism 17 Sliding mechanism 18 Container mounting table 19 Support arm 20 Holder 21 Air cylinder 22 Container locking hook 23 Abutment member 24 Grip 25 Protector 26 Transport stop switch 27 Soil adhesion prevention plate 28 Sensor 29 Intermediate seat for seats

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A self-propelled aircraft is provided with a digging conveyor device for digging and transporting agricultural products in a field from the front of the aircraft lower part through the upper part of the aircraft central part to the rear part of the aircraft, and the rear part of the digging conveyor device is selected. -The agricultural product harvesting machine characterized in that the portion for discharging work is inclined so as to descend toward the rear of the machine.