JPH0835692A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate lack of cooling capacity even when a demand time becomes long. CONSTITUTION:Control means 8 heat exchange corresponding to insufficient cooling capacity after heat is stored in a thermal storage tank 4 in heat exchanging means 5, and cools by using the heat storage of the tank 4 in the maximum demand time zone. The means 8 heat exchanges corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after the heat is stored in the tank at the means 5 when an atmospheric temperature is a predetermined temperature or lower, cools by using the heat storage of the tank corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity of the maximum demand time zone. Further, flow rate regulating means so regulates the flow rate of cooling water of the tank 4 as to shift the temperature of the cooling water to a low temperature side in the demand time zone.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner,
In particular, the present invention relates to an air conditioner that can perform cooling with high energy efficiency by storing heat by utilizing a sensible heat change or latent heat change of water during a non-demand time zone and using the heat storage during a demand time zone.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an air conditioner having high energy efficiency, inexpensive nighttime electric power is used to store heat energy in a heat storage tank by sensible heat change or latent heat change of water,
There is a heat storage type air conditioner that can reduce the heat source equipment capacity and the electricity bill by using the stored heat energy for cooling operation in the daytime.

Further, in such a heat storage type air conditioner, an air conditioner has been proposed in which the cooling capacity is changed according to a demand request (demand request).

FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of a conventional ice heat storage type air conditioner.

The air conditioner 51 is filled with a brine pump 52 for circulating brine as a heat medium, a heat pump chiller 53 for cooling the circulating brine, and water to exchange heat with the brine. A heat storage tank 54 for storing, a brine / water heat exchanger 55 for directly exchanging heat between brine and water, and water or brine / water heat exchange in the heat storage tank 54 for keeping the temperature of the load 56 constant. Bowl 55
The hot and cold water pump 7 for circulating the water from the air and the air conditioner 5
1 and a control device 58 for controlling the whole.

Next, the general operation of the air conditioner for one day will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the cooling heat storage operation is performed from 10 pm to 8 am. More specifically, the brine cooled by the heat pump chiller 53 enters the heat storage tank 54,
It exchanges heat with the water in the heat storage tank 54 and returns to the heat pump chiller 53 again. For several hours after the start of the cold storage operation, heat is stored due to sensible heat change of water (for example, water temperature 10 ° C. → 0 ° C.), and when the temperature in the heat storage tank 54 becomes 0 ° C., ice making heat storage operation using latent heat change is performed. . In this case, the ice amount is measured as a water level change by a water level sensor (not shown), and when the ice making amount reaches a predetermined target value, the cooling heat storage operation is terminated.

At 8:00 am, the cooling operation is started by utilizing the heat stored in the heat storage tank 54.

When the time further elapses and the time Tx is reached, the cooling capacity is insufficient only with the thermal energy stored in the heat storage tank 54, so the cooling follow-up operation is performed. More specifically, the brine (eg, about 3 ° C.) cooled by the heat pump chiller 53 is directly heated by the cold water (eg, about 12 ° C.) returned from the load 56 and the brine / water heat exchanger 55. After exchanging, it returns to the heat pump chiller 53 again. In this case, the control device 58 detects the time, the amount of ice, etc., and operates the heat pump chiller 53 according to the load 56.

[0010]

In the above conventional heat storage type air conditioner, the cooling capacity can be changed according to the demand demand given.

By the way, in such a heat storage type air conditioner, if the demand request is short, it can be easily dealt with, but if the demand request time is long (for example, 1 hour or more), Since the original capacity of the heat source was kept small, there was a problem that the cooling capacity was insufficient at peak load.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner in which the cooling capacity does not become insufficient even when the demand time is long.

[0013]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 maintains the temperature inside the heat storage tank at a predetermined temperature by circulating the heat medium of the primary system cooled by the cooling device. Then, the heat exchange with the heat medium is performed through this heat storage tank to generate the secondary system cooling water, and in the air conditioner that performs cooling by circulating the cooling water, without going through the heat storage tank. And a heat exchange means for directly exchanging heat between the heat medium and the cooling water, and an insufficient cooling capacity for the maximum load expected to be required in the maximum demand time zone is calculated based on the cooling capacity of the cooling device. The calculating means and the heat exchange means to perform heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after heat storage in the heat storage tank, and perform cooling using the heat storage of the heat storage tank in the maximum demand time zone. Control means for performing .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the heat medium of the primary system cooled by the cooling device is circulated to maintain the temperature inside the heat storage tank at a predetermined temperature, and the heat medium is connected to the heat medium via the heat storage tank. In an ice storage type air conditioner that performs heat exchange to generate cooling water of a secondary system, a part of which is frozen, and cools by circulating the cooling water, the heat storage tank is not used and the above Heat exchange means for directly exchanging heat between the heat medium and the cooling water, air temperature measuring means for measuring the outside air temperature at a predetermined time, and prediction based on the outside air temperature, the amount of the stored heat and the cooling capacity of the cooling device. Calculation means for calculating the insufficient cooling capacity to be consumed during the maximum demand time zone, and the insufficient cooling capacity after the heat storage means accumulates heat in the heat storage tank when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. The heat exchange corresponding to Performs cooling by utilizing the heat storage of the heat tank, configure and control means for performing cooling by utilizing the heat storage of the heat storage tank which corresponds to the insufficient cooling capacity in the maximum demand time slot.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the primary system heat medium cooled by the cooling device is circulated to maintain the temperature inside the heat storage tank at a predetermined temperature, and the heat medium is connected to the heat medium via the heat storage tank. In an air conditioner that performs heat exchange to generate cooling water of a secondary system and circulates the cooling water to cool, in order to shift the temperature of the cooling water to a low temperature side during a demand time period, the heat storage A flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water in the tank is provided.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the calculating means calculates the insufficient cooling capacity for the maximum load expected to be required in the maximum demand time zone based on the cooling capacity of the cooling device.

As a result, the control means causes the heat exchange means to perform heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after heat storage in the heat storage tank, and also performs cooling by using the heat storage of the heat storage tank during the maximum demand time zone. .

Therefore, sufficient heat is stored in the heat storage tank even during the maximum demand time, and this heat storage can be used to perform the cooling operation without insufficient cooling capacity.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the air temperature measuring means measures the outside air temperature at a predetermined time, and the calculating means:
Based on the outside air temperature, the amount of heat storage, and the cooling capacity of the cooling device, the insufficient cooling capacity to be consumed during the predicted maximum demand time period is calculated.

With these, the control means causes the heat exchange means to perform the heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after the heat accumulation in the heat storage tank when the outside air temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, and the heat storage of the heat storage tank. Is used for cooling, and at the maximum demand time, cooling is performed by using the heat storage of the heat storage tank corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity.

Therefore, the amount of ice remaining in the heat storage tank can be reduced to substantially zero after one day of cooling operation, and efficient cooling operation can be performed without waste.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the flow rate adjusting means adjusts the flow rate of the cooling water in the heat storage tank so as to shift the temperature of the cooling water to the low temperature side during the demand time period.

Therefore, the cooling water having a temperature corresponding to the increase and decrease of the load can be supplied, and the cooling can be performed efficiently.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of the air conditioner of the first embodiment.

The air conditioner 1 is filled with a brine pump 2 for circulating brine as a heat medium, a heat pump chiller 3 for cooling the circulating brine, and cooling water to exchange heat with the brine. A heat storage tank 4 for heat storage, a brine / water heat exchanger 5 for directly exchanging heat between brine and cooling water, and a heat storage tank 4 for cooling a load 6.
A hot / cold water pump 7 that circulates the internal cooling water or the cooling water from the brine / water heat exchanger 5, a control device 8 that controls the entire air conditioner 1, and an air temperature sensor 9 that measures the outside air temperature.
And are provided.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, an outline of the operation of the air conditioner 1 for one day in response to a demand request during peak load during the summer months will be described.

First, the cooling heat storage operation is performed from 10 pm to 8:00 am. More specifically, the brine is cooled by the heat pump chiller 3, enters the heat storage tank 4, exchanges heat with the water in the heat storage tank 4, and returns to the heat pump chiller 3 again.

For several hours after the start of the cold storage operation, heat is stored by sensible heat change of water (for example, water temperature 10 ° C. → 0 ° C.), and when the temperature in the heat storage tank 4 reaches 0 ° C., ice heat storage utilizing the latent heat change Drive. In this case, the ice amount is measured as a water level change by a water level sensor (not shown), and when the ice making amount reaches a predetermined target value, the cooling heat storage operation is terminated.

At 8:00 am, the control device 8 causes insufficient cooling with respect to the maximum cooling capacity expected to be required in the peak demand (maximum demand) time zone based on the cooling capacity of the heat pump chiller 3, the season, the outside temperature, and the like. The capacity is calculated, and the cooling follow-up operation is performed for the time corresponding to the calculated insufficient cooling capacity. More specifically, as shown in FIG.
The brine (eg, about 3 ° C.) cooled by the heat pump chiller 3 is cooled by the cold water (eg, about 3 ° C.) returned from the load 6.
(About 12 ° C.) and the brine / water heat exchanger 5 directly perform heat exchange, and then return to the heat pump chiller 3 again. In this case, the control device 8 detects the time, the amount of ice, etc., and operates the heat pump chiller 3 according to the load 6.

When the cooling follow-up operation corresponding to the calculated insufficient cooling capacity is completed and the demand signal is received, the operation of the brine pump 2 and the heat pump chiller 3 is stopped, and the heat stored in the heat storage tank 4 is used. Start cooling operation.

When the demand request is completed after a further lapse of time, the cooling capacity is insufficient only with the thermal energy stored in the heat storage tank 4, so the cooling follow-up operation is performed again.

As described above, according to the first embodiment,
It is possible to easily configure an air conditioner that can reliably meet demand demands during peak loads. Second Embodiment With reference to FIG. 4, a general operation of the air conditioner 1 for one day corresponding to a demand request during a peak load in an intermediate period (early summer and late summer) will be described.

The structure of the air conditioner of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment of FIG. 1, so detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, the cooling heat storage operation is performed from 10 pm to 8 am. More specifically, the brine is cooled by the heat pump chiller 3, enters the heat storage tank 4, exchanges heat with the water in the heat storage tank 4, and returns to the heat pump chiller 3 again.

Then, at 8:00 am, the control device 8 performs the cooling following operation. More specifically, the brine (eg, about 3 ° C.) cooled by the heat pump chiller 3 is
Heat is directly exchanged with the cold water (for example, about 12 ° C.) returned from the load 6 and the brine / water heat exchanger 5, and the heat is returned to the heat pump chiller 3 again. In this case, the control device 8 detects the time, the amount of ice, etc., and operates the heat pump chiller 3 according to the load 6.

Then, at 10 am, the controller 8
Detects the outside temperature with the temperature sensor 9 and determines whether or not the temperature is below a predetermined target temperature at the time.

According to this determination, when the actual outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined target temperature, it is determined that the cooling capacity is not required so much, and the heat storage of the heat storage tank 4 and the cooling follow-up operation are used in combination. Perform cooling operation.

In this case, the insufficient cooling capacity is calculated so that the air conditioning load that is satisfied by the cooling follow-up operation and the air conditioning load when the demand control is being performed in response to the demand request are approximately equal. Perform a hanging operation.

When the cooling operation is performed by using the heat storage of the heat storage tank 4 and the cooling follow-up operation together and the demand signal is received, the operation of the brine pump 2 and the heat pump chiller 3 is stopped, and the heat storage stored in the heat storage tank 4 is stopped. Use it to start cooling operation.

When the demand is completed after a further time elapses, the cooling capacity is insufficient only with the thermal energy stored in the heat storage tank 4, so the cooling follow-up operation is performed again.

As described above, according to the second embodiment,
It is possible to easily configure an air conditioner capable of reliably responding to demand demands during peak loads, and to provide the heat energy obtained by the cooling follow-up operation before demand demands and the heat storage tank 4 used at the time of demand demands. Since the stored heat energy is almost the same, the remaining ice in the heat storage tank after the air conditioning time of the day is almost zero, and there is no need to perform unnecessary cooling heat storage operation at night, and there is no waste and efficient cooling. Can drive. Third Embodiment FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of the air conditioner of the third embodiment. The configuration of the air conditioner of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment of FIG. 1, so detailed description thereof will be omitted. The air conditioner of the third embodiment differs from the air conditioner of the first embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the three-way valve 10 is a proportional valve,
The point is that a sensor 11 for detecting the cooling water temperature at the load side outlet of the three-way valve 10 is provided.

As a result, the three-way valve 1 as the flow rate adjusting means
0 is the heat storage tank 4 in order to shift the temperature of the cooling water to the low temperature side during the demand request time period in accordance with the temperature detected by the sensor 11.
Adjust the cooling water flow rate. More specifically, the cooling water temperature on the load side outlet side of the three-way valve 10 which is normally about 7 ° C. is shifted to about 4 ° C. during the demand request time zone.

Therefore, the cooling water having a temperature corresponding to the increase or decrease of the load can be supplied, and the cooling can be performed efficiently.

[0044]

According to the invention described in claim 1, the control means causes the heat exchange means to perform heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after heat storage in the heat storage tank, and stores heat in the maximum demand time zone. Since the heat is stored in the tank to perform cooling, the heat storage tank has sufficient heat storage even during the maximum demand time (peak load), and this heat storage is used to perform the cooling operation without insufficient cooling capacity. Therefore, it is possible to easily configure the air conditioner capable of surely meeting the demand demand at the peak load.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the control means performs the heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after the heat exchange means accumulates heat in the heat storage tank when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature. In addition, the heat storage of the heat storage tank is used for cooling, and the heat storage of the heat storage tank corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity during the maximum demand time is used for cooling. The amount of ice remaining in the can be almost zero,
There is no need to perform unnecessary cooling heat storage operation at night, and efficient cooling operation can be performed without waste.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the flow rate adjusting means adjusts the flow rate of the cooling water in the heat storage tank so as to shift the temperature of the cooling water to the low temperature side during the demand time period. Cooling water of a corresponding temperature can be supplied, and efficient cooling can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration block diagram (during cooling heat storage operation) of an air conditioner of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory diagram of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration block diagram (during a cooling following operation) of the air conditioning apparatus of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration block diagram of an air conditioner of a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration block diagram of a conventional air conditioner.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1'Air conditioner 2 Brine pump 3 Heat pump chiller 4 Heat storage tank 5 Cold / hot water sensor 6 Load 7 Cold / hot water secondary pump 8 Controller 9 Air temperature sensor 10 3-way valve 11 Sensor

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A primary system heat medium cooled by a cooling device is circulated to maintain the temperature inside the heat storage tank at a predetermined temperature,
In an air conditioner that performs heat exchange with the heat medium via this heat storage tank to generate cooling water of a secondary system and performs cooling by circulating the cooling water, the heat storage tank is not used, and the cooling water is circulated. A heat exchanging means for directly exchanging heat between the heat medium and the cooling water, and a calculation for calculating the insufficient cooling capacity for the maximum load expected to be required in the maximum demand time zone based on the cooling capacity of the cooling device. Means for causing the heat exchange means to perform heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity after heat storage in the heat storage tank, and control for performing cooling by using heat storage of the heat storage tank during the maximum demand time zone An air conditioner comprising: 2. A primary system heat medium cooled by a cooling device is circulated to maintain the temperature inside the heat storage tank at a predetermined temperature,
An ice storage type air conditioner that performs heat exchange with the heat medium via this heat storage tank to generate secondary system cooling water, a part of which is frozen, and performs cooling by circulating the cooling water. In the device, a heat exchange means for directly exchanging heat with the heat medium and the cooling water without going through the heat storage tank, an air temperature measurement means for measuring an outside air temperature at a predetermined time, the outside air temperature, and the heat storage Calculating means for calculating the insufficient cooling capacity to be consumed in the maximum demand time zone expected based on the amount and the cooling capacity of the cooling device; and when the outside air temperature is below a predetermined temperature, the heat storage means stores the heat. After heat accumulation in the tank, the heat exchange corresponding to the insufficient cooling capacity is performed, and cooling is performed by using the heat storage of the heat storage tank, and the above-mentioned insufficient cooling capacity corresponds to the maximum demand time zone. Cooling using the heat storage of the heat storage tank An air conditioner characterized by comprising: 3. A primary system heat medium cooled by a cooling device is circulated to maintain the temperature inside the heat storage tank at a predetermined temperature,
In an air conditioner which performs cooling by circulating heat of the secondary system by exchanging heat with the heat medium through the heat storage tank, and cooling the cooling water in a demand time zone. An air conditioner comprising flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water in the heat storage tank so as to shift the temperature to a low temperature side.