JPH0835339A - Crushing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To constantly carry out pinching pressure crushing work by stable force regardless of an opening and closing angle of an arm and the size of an object to shred. CONSTITUTION:Individual hydraulic cylinders 12a, 12b are provided on each of arms 2a, 2b and they are pivotally installed on both sides of a bracket part 6 consisting of a side plate 6a, and head ends of piston rods 14a, 14b are pivotally installed in pivotal installation holes 3, 3 on one end parts of the arms 2a, 2b. An angle E formed by a straight line (a) connecting an intermediate support shaft 5 and the pivotal installation hole 3 to each other and a projection direction (c) of the piston rods 14a, 14b is made to be held roughly at a constant value constantly by constituting each of the hydraulic cylinders 12a, 12b to rotate in the same direction as the arms 2a, 2b synchronously with rotation of each of the arms 2a, 2b. It is devised to carry out pinching pressure shredding work constantly by stable force regardless of an opening and closing angle of the arms 2a, 2b and the size of an object to shred by uniforming a value of an angular moment generated around the intermediate support shaft part 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a crushing device for crushing a structure by pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A crushing device in which an arm is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to perform a crushing crushing operation of a structure is already known. This type of crushing device has a pair of arms pivotally attached to a side plate through an intermediate support shaft and a hydraulic cylinder for driving the arms to open and close. As a mechanism, the cylinder bottom of a single hydraulic cylinder and the tip of its piston rod are pivotally attached to one end of each arm, that is, the end opposite to the side used for the fracturing operation. In general, the piston rod of a two-rod hydraulic cylinder is used by pivotally attaching the tip of each piston rod. As a result, if the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is projected so that one end of each arm is separated from the other, the other end of each arm is closed and closed, and conversely, the piston rod is retracted. Then, the other end of each arm is separated and opened.

In order to perform the crushing work by closing the other end of the arm, it is necessary to give a strong rotational moment to each arm around the intermediate support shaft portion. For that purpose, the intermediate support shaft is required. As much as possible, it is desirable to apply a force along the moving direction to one end of the arm that moves in a circular arc centering on the part. Here, if the angle formed by the straight line connecting the intermediate support shaft and one end of the arm and the projecting direction of the piston rod is called the "force action angle", this "force action angle" is a right angle. The closer to, the stronger the rotational moment can be generated.
Also, if the "force action angle" fluctuates according to the opening / closing angle of the arm, the effective value of the rotation moment changes depending on the size of the crushing target, that is, the opening / closing angle of the arm. Depending on the size, the problem that sufficient crushing work cannot be performed occurs.

In the conventional crushing device, as described above, since both ends of a single hydraulic cylinder are mounted between one ends of the arms and the arms are opened and closed by the expansion and contraction movements of the arms, the piston rod is made to project. When one end of the arm is rotated outward and the other end of the arm is closed, the hydraulic cylinder located on the straight line connecting the one end of each arm approaches the intermediate support shaft part, and the piston rod is retracted to move the arm When one end is rotated inward and the other end of the arm is opened, the hydraulic cylinder located on the straight line behaves as if it were separated from the intermediate support shaft. That is, as long as the pair of arms is opened and closed at equal angles, the posture of the hydraulic cylinder itself remains constant (perpendicular to the bisector of the opening and closing angle of the arms). This means that the posture of the hydraulic cylinder is kept constant even if the rotation angle of the arm changes, so that the angle formed by the straight line connecting the intermediate support shaft and one end of the arm and the projecting direction of the piston rod. In short, it means that the above-mentioned "force acting angle" varies depending on the opening / closing angle of the arm. With this, it is impossible to maintain the effective value of the rotational moment generated around the intermediate support shaft at a constant value, and of course, stable crushing work can be performed regardless of the size of the crushing target. Can not.

More specifically, in the conventional crushing device, the "force acting angle" becomes more acute as the piston rod is projected to bring the hydraulic cylinder closer to the intermediate support shaft. However, there is a problem that it is not possible to exert a sufficient pressure crushing force for the pressure crushing work on a small object. Further, if the crushing and crushing work for a small object is continuously performed, the work is not efficient and takes a long time, which not only burdens the worker, but also causes damage to the crushing device itself. There was a danger. Although the maximum output of the hydraulic cylinder is applied to one end of each arm, the work cannot be performed because the other end of each arm to be subjected to the crushing work cannot obtain sufficient crushing pressure. During the lengthening, the strong force of the hydraulic cylinder continues to act on the one end during the lengthening, resulting in the harmful effect of damage.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to carry out a crushing operation with a stable force regardless of the opening / closing angle of the arm and the size of the crushing object. It is to provide a crushing device capable of performing

[0007]

According to the present invention, an intermediate support shaft portion of a pair of arms is pivotally attached to a side plate, one end portion of the arm is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, and the other end portion of the arm slides a structure. In a crushing device configured to crush by pressure, a cylinder body of a hydraulic cylinder individually provided for each arm is offset from an intermediate support shaft portion of each arm toward the one end portion and is swingably pivoted on the side plate. The above object is achieved by a structure characterized in that the tip of the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder is pivotally attached to the one end of each arm.

Further, link members are pivotally attached to the respective hydraulic cylinder bodies, the tips of the link members are pivotally attached to each other, and guide grooves are formed in the side plates so that the pivot points of the tip ends of the link members are formed. By engaging them, the movements of the respective arms are synchronized.

Further, a shearing blade for cutting the reinforcing bar is provided in the vicinity of the intermediate support shaft portion of each arm so that the cutting work can be performed with a stable force regardless of the diameter of the reinforcing bar to be cut.

[0010]

[Function] When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder provided for each arm is projected, one end of each arm is pushed by the piston rod and one end of each arm rotates outward about the intermediate support shaft. The other end of each arm is closed, and at the same time, each hydraulic cylinder swings about the pivotal attachment portion of the cylinder body in the same direction as the corresponding arm. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder provided for each arm is retracted, one end of each arm is pulled by the piston rod, and one end of each arm rotates inward about the intermediate support shaft. The other end of each arm opens, and at the same time, each hydraulic cylinder swings about the pivotal attachment portion of the cylinder body in the same direction as the corresponding arm. In this way, when the arm is opened and closed, the arm and the hydraulic cylinder corresponding thereto always rotate in the same direction, so that the straight line connecting the intermediate support shaft portion and one end portion of the arm and the protruding direction of the piston rod are formed. The angle is always held at a substantially constant value. For this reason, the value of the rotational moment generated around the intermediate support shaft becomes a substantially constant value according to the output of the hydraulic cylinder, and regardless of the opening / closing angle of the arm or the size of the crushing object, it always slides with a stable force. Crushing work can be performed.

Further, the rotation angle of each hydraulic cylinder centering on the pivoting portion of the cylinder body is the tip position common to the link members pivotally attached to the body of each hydraulic cylinder,
That is, it is restrained by the position of the pivot point of each link member tip. Further, since the position of this pivot point is regulated by the guide groove of the side plate, the opening / closing operation itself of each arm is completely symmetrical and synchronized.

Since a shearing blade for cutting the reinforcing bar is provided near the intermediate supporting shaft of each arm, the opening / closing angle of the arm and the cutting target are not limited to the cleaving work but also the cutting of the reinforcing bar. The cutting work can always be performed with a stable force regardless of the diameter of the reinforcing bar.

[0013]

1 is a front view showing a crushing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention when arms 2a and 2b are completely closed, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing the crushing device 1 when arms 2a and 2b are completely opened. FIG. 3 is a left side view showing the shape of the crushing device 1 corresponding to the state of FIG.

Each of the arms 2a and 2b is a pair of arms having a piston rod pivot hole 3 at one end thereof and crushing blades 4 and 11 at the other end thereof for cleaving and crushing, and each arm has a substantially central portion. Through an intermediate support shaft portion 5 provided on the above, the bracket portion 6 composed of side plates 6a and 6b, which are overlapped with each other at intervals, is pivotally attached to both sides of the bracket. Arm 2a,
In the vicinity of the intermediate support shaft portion 5 in 2b, the movable blade mounts 7 project integrally at positions near the crush blade 4, and each movable blade mount 7 is provided with a fixing means such as a bolt. A replaceable shearing blade 8 is attached. Correspondingly, fixed side blade mounts 9 projecting like a tongue are integrally provided at the lower end of the bracket portion 6, and both sides thereof can be replaced in the same manner as the movable side blade mounts 7. A shearing blade 10 is attached, and when the arms 2a and 2b are completely closed, the shearing blade 8 of the movable blade mount 7 and the shearing blade 10 of the fixed blade mount 9 abut each other.

Although a crushing device in which a shearing blade is provided on each of the arms so that the rebar can be cut and the like has been already known, those devices use shearing blades provided facing each of the arms. The cutting work is performed by directly abutting the shearing blade 8 of the arm 2a or the shearing blade 8 of the arm 2b against the stationary shearing blade 10 fixed to the bracket portion 6. The configuration is completely different from that of the crushing device 1 of the present embodiment, which performs a cutting operation for reinforcing bars and the like. With the above-described configuration, the crushing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is provided with two sets of shearing blade mechanisms for cutting rebar and the like, and by changing the blade edge angle and quenching hardness, various materials and It is possible to cope with the cutting of diameter rebar. Naturally, even in the conventional crushing device that performs cutting work by abutting the shear blades provided to face each of the arms, it is possible to arrange the shear blades having different blade angles and quenching hardness in tandem. But
In such a case, since the distances from the intermediate support shaft portion to the various shear blades are different, it is not possible to apply a strong sandwiching force to the shear blades arranged on the far side from the intermediate support shaft portion. Further, when various shear blades are arranged in a column, it becomes difficult to select and use the shear blades appropriately according to the material and diameter of the reinforcing bar. It is necessary to position and catch the rebar at the root of the shear blade, that is, at the position near the intermediate support shaft in order to securely grasp the object to be cut such as rebar. This is not possible with the shear blades that have been deployed, and if so, the rebar will slide to the root, that is, the position of the shear blades that are deployed in tandem on the side closer to the intermediate support shaft portion. In the crushing apparatus 1 of the embodiment, since two sets of shear blade mechanisms are arranged in parallel, there is no such concern.

Reference numerals 12a and 12b denote hydraulic cylinders provided individually for the arms 2a and 2b, respectively.
2b is offset from the intermediate support shaft portion 5 of the arm 2a, 2b toward the pivot hole 3 (upward direction in FIG. 1), and is swingable on both sides of the bracket portion 6 via the trunnion of the cylinder bodies 13a, 13b. Pivotally attached to each hydraulic cylinder 12a, 1
The tips of the piston rods 14a, 14b of 2b are pivotally attached to the pivot holes 3 of the arms 2a, 2b. Further, the end portions of link members 15a and 15b having the same length are pivotally mounted on the cylinder bottom side of the cylinder bodies 13a and 13b so as to be swingable, and the tips of the link members 15a and 15b are attached to the pin 1.
It is pivoted by 6. A pair of wall portions 17a and 17b formed at a predetermined interval are provided on the opposing surfaces of the side plates 6a and 6b forming the bracket portion 6, respectively, and the pin portions are formed by the gap between the wall portions 17a and 17b. A guide groove 17 for 16 is formed. Since the guide groove 17 is provided in the center of each side plate 6a, 6b along the bisector of the angle formed by the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder 12a and the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder 12b, the pin 16 is provided in the guide groove. As long as the hydraulic cylinders 12a and 12b move along the guide groove 17, the swing angles of the hydraulic cylinders 12a and 12b are always equal to each other, and as a result, the opening and closing angles of the arms 2a and 2b are left and right with the guide groove 17 as the center line. Will be the target.

That is, in each of the arms 2a and 2b, the distance between the intermediate support shaft portion 5 and the pivot hole 3 is a, and the distance between the pivot portion of the hydraulic cylinder and the intermediate support shaft portion 5 is b. If you do
These values are always immobile. Further, the distance c between the pivotal attachment portion of the hydraulic cylinder and the pivotal attachment hole 3 is determined by the piston rod 14
Depending on the amount of protrusion of a and 14b, the arm 2a side and the arm 2b
, The value of the angle D formed by the direction of the distance c and the direction of the distance b is different from each other.
b, 16 and 17, the side of the arm 2a and the arm 2
It is always kept at the same value D on the side of b. And arm 2
The position of the pivot hole 3 on each side of a and the arm 2b is on a straight line (c ') forming an angle D with respect to the direction of the distance b, and the distance from the intermediate support shaft portion 5 is Since it must be a, finally, the position of the pivot hole 3 is uniquely determined by the value of the angle D. Therefore, as long as the rigidity and the fit of each member are reliable, the opening / closing angle of the arms 2a and 2b can be set to the center line of the guide groove 17 by the above-mentioned synchronizing mechanism including the link members 15a and 15b, the pin 16 and the guide groove 17. As a result, it can always be held symmetrically.

As the hydraulic cylinders 12a and 12b, a single acting cylinder with a spring or a single rod type returning cylinder can be used. The hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 12a, 12b in parallel with the hydraulic cylinders 12a, 12b by an oil hoop on the working machine side via a switching valve, a hydraulic hose, etc. (not shown) (not shown). Done.

A portion 18 shown by a broken line in FIG. 3 is a connecting portion for integrally connecting the side plates 6a and 6b, and is an element for maintaining the strength of the bracket portion 6. Also, 1
Reference numeral 9 denotes a conventionally known attachment mounting mechanism that rotatably holds the crushing device 1 as a whole, and the crushing device 1 having the above-described configuration has a power excavator or the like equipped with a sufficient counterweight via the attachment mounting mechanism 19. Is attached to the tip of the arm 21 of the working machine 20 as an attachment (see FIG. 4). The posture of the crushing device 1 is the same as the conventional one by adjusting the protrusion amount of the boom cylinder, the arm cylinder, the bucket cylinder, and the like on the working machine 20 side, and performing the turning operation of the upper turning body and the ground turning operation. Can be controlled arbitrarily. It is also possible to change the rotation angle itself of the crushing device 1 with respect to the attachment mounting mechanism 19 by directly turning the crushing device 1 around. The work machine 20 is not limited to the track type, and of course, a wheel type may be used, but when the large crushing device 1 is mounted,
An outrigger or the like should be provided on the working machine 20 side to ensure sufficient stability.

Therefore, when starting the pressure crushing work, first, the switching valve is set to the neutral position and the hydraulic cylinder 12 is moved.
The hydraulic oil in the cylinder bottom side oil chambers of a and 12b is collected to retract the piston rods 14a and 14b (in the case of a single acting cylinder with a spring), or the hydraulic oil is supplied from the cylinder head side oil chamber to the cylinder bottom side. The hydraulic oil in the side oil chamber is collected and the piston rods 14a and 14b are retracted (in the case of a returning cylinder), and the arms 2a and 2b are opened to the fully open position in FIG. 2 or an arbitrary open / close position.

Then, the attitude of the crushing device 1 is controlled in the same manner as in the conventional case, and after the positioning work is performed so that the arms 2a and 2b are positioned on both sides of the crushing object, the switching valve is operated to operate the hydraulic cylinder 12a. , 12b simultaneously starts the supply of hydraulic oil to the oil chambers on the cylinder bottom side. Then, the piston rods 14a and 14b gradually project against the elastic force of the return spring, and in the case of the return cylinder, at the same time, the working oil in the cylinder head side oil chamber is changed to the working machine 20 side oil. Collected in a tank.

Then, the pivot holes 3 of the arms 2a, 2b are pushed by the tips of the piston rods 14a, 14b as the entire lengths of the hydraulic cylinders 12a, 12b extend, and the arms 2a, When both of the arms 2a and 2b rotate outward, the crushing blades 4, 4 and 11, 11 located at the other ends of the arms 2a approach each other, and the crushing blades 4, 4 and 11, 11 bring the object into contact with each other. The crushing work is performed.

The crushing device 1 of this embodiment is different from the conventional device in that the hydraulic cylinders 12a, 12b rotate in the same direction as the arms 2a, 2b in synchronization with the rotation of the arms 2a, 2b. Is. That is, when the arms 2a and 2b are closed, both the arm 2a and the hydraulic cylinder 12a rotate counterclockwise in FIG. 1, and the arm 2b and the hydraulic cylinder 12b both rotate clockwise. This is because the hydraulic cylinder has a fixed distance a between the intermediate support shaft 5 and the pivot hole 3 and a distance b between the pivot support of the hydraulic cylinder and the intermediate support shaft 5. This is a phenomenon that occurs due to an increase in the distance c between the pivotal attachment portion and the pivotal attachment hole 3, and as is clear from comparison between FIG. 2 and FIG. 1, the arm 2b is naturally rotated clockwise. If the distance c is increased to increase the angle c, the angle D decreases and the hydraulic cylinder 12
b will rotate clockwise. The relationship between the arm 2a and the hydraulic cylinder 12a is similar to this.
If the piston rod 14a is projected in order to rotate and close a in the counterclockwise direction, the value corresponding to the distance c increases and the value corresponding to the angle D decreases, so that the hydraulic cylinder 12a moves in the counterclockwise direction. , Will rotate in the same direction as the arm 2a. In this way, as a result of the pair of hydraulic cylinders and the arm rotating synchronously in the same direction, the value of the angle E formed by the direction of the distance a and the direction of the distance c is always substantially independent of the opening / closing angle of the arm. It is held at a constant value. This is because the angle E formed by the straight line connecting the intermediate support shaft portion 5 and the pivot hole 3 and the projecting direction of the piston rod is always kept at a substantially constant value, and the rotational moment generated around the intermediate support shaft portion 5 is maintained. Means that the value of is a substantially constant value, even when the arms 2a and 2b are opened greatly, or when they are hardly opened, in other words, when the crushing target is large. Even if it is small, it is nothing but the fact that regardless of such circumstances, it is possible to carry out the crushing and crushing work with a stable force at all times. Naturally, the value of the angle E is close to 90 °, but as is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, if it is attempted to configure the angle to be close to 90 °, the hydraulic cylinder The angles 12a and 12b must be mounted so as to be extremely offset from the intermediate support shaft portion 5, and this also affects the size itself of the crushing device 1, so the angle is designed according to the required clamping pressure and the like. It must be decided appropriately at the stage.

A comparison between the conventional crushing device in which the piston rod of a single hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder bottom are pivotally connected between the pivot holes 3 and 3 and the crushing device 1 of this embodiment, the crushing in the state of FIG. There is no difference between the blades 4 and 4 in terms of the clamping force acting between the blades 4 and 4, but the difference is clear when compared in the state of FIG. 1 in which the arms 2a and 2b are closed. A two-dot chain line X shown in FIG. 1 indicates a position where the hydraulic cylinder of the conventional crushing device should be located when the arms 2a and 2b are closed, and is a straight line connecting the intermediate support shaft portion 5 and the pivot hole 3 to each other. It can be seen that the angle E ′ formed by the above and the protruding direction of the piston rod is extremely acute as compared with the angle E in the crushing device 1 of the present embodiment. In this case, a sufficient rotation moment should not be generated around the intermediate support shaft portion 5, and efficient efficient splitting work is almost impossible. Even if small work is possible, the work time required for it is considerable, and not only the worker's working time increases unnecessarily, but also during this time, the arm 2
A strong force from the hydraulic cylinder continues to act steadily on the pivot holes 3 of a and 2b, and in some cases, damage such as breakage may occur at this portion. According to the crushing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, regardless of whether the object to be crushed is large or small, there is almost no relation to such circumstances, and a stable force crushing operation is always performed with stable force. Since it can be performed, the burden on the operator is greatly reduced, and since the crushing device 1 itself is not subjected to an unreasonable force, its substantial service life can be significantly improved.

The above description has been made by taking the cleaving work by the crushing blades 4 and 11 as an example, but the same applies to the work of cutting the reinforcing bar by the shear blades 8 and 10, and the arms 2a and 2b.
There is an effect that the cutting work of the reinforcing bar can be always performed with a stable force regardless of the opening / closing angle of the.

[0026]

According to the crushing device of the present invention, an individual hydraulic cylinder is provided for each arm and pivotally attached to both sides of the side plate.
Since each arm is individually driven to be opened and closed by the piston rod, each hydraulic cylinder rotates in the same direction as the arm in synchronization with the rotation of each arm. As a result, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the intermediate support shaft and one end of the arm and the protruding direction of the piston rod is always maintained at a substantially constant value, and the value of the rotational moment generated around the intermediate support shaft is It becomes a substantially constant value according to the output of the hydraulic cylinder,
Regardless of the opening and closing angle of the arm and the size of the crushing object,
Crushing and crushing work can be performed with stable force. Further, since the movement of each arm is synchronized by the synchronization mechanism constituted by the link member and the guide groove, the unintended synchronization deviation is eliminated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a crushing device according to the present invention in an arm closed state.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the crushing apparatus of the embodiment with the arms open.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a mounting example of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing device 2a, 2b Arm 3 Piston rod mounting hole located at one end 4 Crushing blade 5 Intermediate support shaft 6 Bracket part 6a, 6b Side plate 8 Shearing blade 10 Shearing blade 12a, 12b Hydraulic cylinder 13a, 13b Cylinder body 14a, 14b Piston rod 15a, 15b Link member 16 pin 17 Guide groove

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A crushing device in which an intermediate support shaft portion of a pair of arms is pivotally attached to a side plate, and one end portion of the arm is driven by a hydraulic cylinder so that the other end portion of the arm crushes the construct by crushing. In the above, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder individually provided for each of the arms is offset from the intermediate support shaft portion of each arm toward the one end portion and pivotally attached to the side plate so as to be swingable. A crushing device, wherein a tip of a piston rod is pivotally attached to the one end of each arm. 2. A link member is pivotally attached to each of the hydraulic cylinder bodies, the tips of the link members are pivotally attached to each other, and a guide groove is formed in the side plate to form a pivot point of the tip end of the link member. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device is adapted to be engaged with each other to synchronize the movements of the respective arms. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a shear blade for cutting a reinforcing bar is provided in the vicinity of the intermediate support shaft portion of each arm.