JPH0833917B2 - Graphic input processing device by intelligent conversation processing - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a figure input processing device by intelligent conversation processing for inputting a figure to a computer or the like as vector data such as points or line segments by conversation processing. .

(Prior Art) As a first conventional method, a drawing in which a figure is drawn is placed on a digitizer (a figure input device that detects designated position coordinates), and an operator selects a point on the figure from above. There is a method of inputting a figure as vector data by instructing.

As the second method of the conventional method, a drawing is input as image data to a computer by a scanner, displayed on a display, and the operator points a point on the graphic on the display to convert the graphic into vector data. There is a way to do it.

 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a second conventional method.

This figure is a part of the figure displayed on the display. For ease of explanation, it is assumed that the figure to be input, that is, the original image data, is drawn in black on a white background.
In the figure, the part surrounded by solid lines 1 and 2 is the drawing part (black part)
And the other parts indicate the background part (white part).

While referring to the original image data, the operator
P ₁ ′, P ₂ ′, ..., P ₆ ′ are sequentially input to generate the graphic vector 3.

 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a second conventional method.

The input drawing 4 is raster-scanned by the scanner 5,
It is converted into black and white binary digital and two-dimensional original image data and stored in the original image data memory 6.

Of the original image data, only the portion necessary for display is stored in the original image data sub memory 7 and displayed on the display 9 via the display control unit 8.

While watching the original image data on the display 9, the operator successively inputs necessary points on the display 9 using the indicator 10.

The vector generation unit 11 generates a graphic vector according to the instruction of the operator using the input points and stores it in the graphic vector sub memory 12. The sub memory has a function of decoding and storing raster type graphic image data in order to display the graphic vector on the display.

The contents of the graphic vector sub-memory are accumulated in the graphic vector memory 13 when the input operation on the display surface is completed.

The conventional first graphic input method has a drawback that an additional man-hour such as enlarging and duplicating an input drawing to perform a work is required in order to increase the input accuracy.

Further, there is a drawback that the input accuracy varies depending on the skill level of the operator.

Furthermore, the operation is complicated, such as having to check the drawings on the digitalizer and the display surface alternately in order to verify whether the input has been completed or to check if there are any omissions.
It has the drawback of requiring a great deal of time.

In the conventional second figure input method, when the image data has a line width, the input points of the coordinates such as end points and intersections differ depending on the operator, or conversely, when the line width is thin, the input points are There is a drawback that the input accuracy varies, such as protruding from the line like point P ₁ ′ in FIG.

Further, in inputting a curve, since the line segment is approximated at an appropriate interval according to the operator's intuition, there is a drawback that the input accuracy also varies.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the above drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide means for accurately and efficiently inputting a graphic as vector data.

(Structure of the Invention) In the first invention, a drawing is once input to a computer as image data by using a scanner such as a facsimile, and the image data and a center line vector are superimposed and displayed on the display. A point near the input figure is designated by a coordinate indicator, the designated point is positionally corrected to a point on a predetermined centerline vector, and a centerline vector corresponding to one or more of the correction points is set. Extract and
A graphic is input as vector data by a semi-automatic conversation process in which an identifier is added to the extracted vector to form a graphic vector.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the original image data or the center line vector is previously subjected to automatic image processing such as graphic recognition processing,
A graphic vector having an identifier is generated, and the graphic vector, original image data, and centerline vector are displayed in a form in which they can be discriminated from each other, and only the centerline vector portion that is not graphic vectorized is the same as in the first means. The figure is input as vector data by semi-automatic conversation processing.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of 1st this invention is described in detail using drawing.

FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 are examples showing a part of the display surface of the display for explaining the system concept including the automatic image processing function.

In these figures, the solid line indicates the boundary of the drawing portion of the original image data, the broken line is the center line vector, and the curve is also approximated by a line segment for simplicity.

The black dots P _{1 to} P ₈ , P _{11 to} P ₂₂ , and P _{31 to} P ₃₉ are the start points or end points of the line segments that form the center line vector, and are hereinafter referred to as points.

Points Q _{1 to} Q ₅ are points designated by the operator from the indicator.

For example, the drawn portion is displayed in light blue and the center line vector is displayed in blue.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of extracting a closed loop on the centerline vector near the designated point.

That is, when the designated point Q ₁ is inputted to detect a point P ₁ on the center line vector in the vicinity of Q _1. With the point P ₁ as the starting point, for example, a closed loop on the center line vector is searched in the direction in which the input point Q ₁ is viewed to the left.

At point P ₂ , the centerline vector diverges in the directions of point P ₃ and point P ₇ , but in such a case, looking at the point immediately before the branch point, the line segment that appears first in the clockwise direction is displayed. Select. In the example, the line segment P ₂ P ₃ is selected.

In the same way, select line segments P ₃ P ₄ , P ₄ P ₅ , P ₅ P ₆ , P ₆ P ₁ and select closed loop P ₁
Extract P ₂ P ₃ P ₄ P ₅ P ₆ P ₁ .

The extracted closed loop is highlighted, for example, by being displayed in red or blinking so that it can be distinguished from the original image data and the center line vector.

If the highlighted automatic extraction result is correct, the operator
For example, an identifier "building" representing the type of figure is given to the closed loop and saved as a figure vector.

When the identifier assignment is completed, the closed loop highlighting is stopped, and if necessary, it is redisplayed in the color showing the building or the color showing the figure vector, and not just the center line vector,
The operator is made aware that the drawing vector has already been identified.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of extracting a smooth curve in which the direction of a vector does not suddenly change between two designated points.

That is, when two pointing points Q ₂ and Q ₃ are input, Q ₂ and Q ₃
The points P ₁₁ and P ₁₈ on the center line vector are extracted in the vicinity of each.

With the point P ₁₁ as the starting point, the center line vector is traced in the direction of the point P ₁₈ .

When a branch point such as point P ₁₂ is encountered, a line segment with a small angle from the extension direction of the immediately preceding line segment is selected. At the point P ₁₂ , the line segment P ₁₂ P ₁₃ is selected.

Similarly, a smooth curve (which is approximated to a line segment in this example) P ₁₁ P ₁₂ P ₁₃ P ₁₄ P ₁₅ P ₁₆ P ₁₇ P ₁₈ is extracted and highlighted.

If the automatic extraction result is correct, the smooth curve is given an identifier such as "road" indicating the type of figure, and is saved as a figure vector.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of extracting the inner boundary between two designated points.

That is, if two indicator points Q ₄ and Q ₅ are input, Q ₄ and Q ₅
Extract points P ₃₁ and P ₃₇ on the centerline vector in the vicinity of each.

The first designated point is, for example, the starting point when the inner boundary is viewed as a curve in the counterclockwise direction.

With the point P ₃₁ as the starting point, line segments are sequentially selected locally in the clockwise direction from the direction of the immediately preceding point in the vicinity of each point.
At the point P ₃₄ , a line segment is locally searched clockwise from the direction P ₃₄ P _33, and the line segment P ₃₄ P ₃₆ detected first is selected.

Thus, the vector indicating the inner boundary P ₃₁ P ₃₂ P ₃₃ P
₃₄ P ₃₆ P ₃₇ is extracted and highlighted. If the automatic extraction result is correct, the inner boundary is given an identifier "building" representing the type of the graphic, for example, and saved as a graphic vector.

 FIG. 6 shows an example of a block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, and 13 are the same as those described in FIG.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a center line vector conversion unit which converts the original image data into center line image data having a width of 1 pixel by a thinning process or the like, and further vectorizes it by line segment approximation or the like to obtain a center line vector.

The thinning process has been described in detail in the document "Technical Research Report of the Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers, PRL 75-66" and the like, and is omitted here.

The line segment approximation process is omitted because it is described in detail in the document “The 59th IEICE General National Convention No.1252”.

Reference numeral 15 is a centerline vector memory, and 16 is a centerline vector sub-memory, which temporarily stores only the part of the centerline vector necessary for display, and raster type centerline image data that can be displayed on the display. It is also decrypted and stored.

Reference numeral 17 is a pointing point correction unit, 18 is a vector processing unit, which extracts the centerline vector related to the pointing point, adds, deletes, or newly creates a graphic vector, and 19 edits the extracted centerline vector. An identifier assigning unit for assigning an identifier, 20 is a display control unit for controlling the display of the original image data, the center line vector, the graphic vector, the pointing point, and the like in a distinguishable state.

The center line vector conversion unit 14 is the original image data memory 6
The original image data is read and converted into a center line vector and stored in the center line vector memory 15. The center line vector of the entire drawing is stored in this memory, and the portion required for display is transferred to the center line vector sub memory 16.

When one screen can be displayed on the display at a time, the center line vector memory 15 can be omitted.

The display control unit 20 reads the contents of the original image data sub-memory 7 and the contents of the center line vector sub-memory 16 corresponding to the original image data, and displays them on the display 9 in a required display format.

The indication point input by the indicator 10 is simultaneously displayed on the display 9 by the display control unit 20 as a cursor having a required shape and color.

The pointing point correction unit 17 searches for a point on the centerline vector in the centerline vector sub-memory 16 near the pointing point input by the pointing device 10.

Specifically, the coordinate of the designated point is (X, Y) and d is 10 in advance.
The point (Xp, Yp) on the center line vector satisfying the conditions of X-d≤Xp≤X + d and Y-d≤Yp≤Y + d is set for the pixel.

If there is no point satisfying the condition, the operator is informed of this and urged to re-input the designated point.

If there is a point (Xp, Yp), that point is used as the correction point for the designated point, and the operation continues assuming that the point has been input.

When one or a plurality of pointing points are input and the correction is completed, the vector processing unit 18 sets, for example, FIGS.
The required portion of the corresponding centerline vector is extracted from the centerline vector sub-memory 16 by the method as described in the figure, and highlighted on the display via the display control unit 20.

When the operator recognizes, the identifier assigning unit 19 assigns an identifier to the extracted centerline vector and stores it in the graphic vector sub-memory 12 as a graphic vector.

The vector processing unit 18 stops the highlighting of the centerline vector and redisplays it as a graphic vector. When the process of converting the center line vector being displayed into a graphic vector is completed, the contents of the graphic vector sub-memory 12 are transferred to the graphic vector memory 13.

After this, the original image data sub-memory 7, in order to perform graphic input processing of other areas of the input drawing 4, if necessary,
The above-described operation is repeated by rewriting the contents of the center line vector sub memory 16 or the graphic vector sub memory 12 as necessary.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the second invention,
It is an example which shows a part of display surface of a display for explaining a system concept.

In the figure, the solid line indicates the boundary of the drawing portion of the original image data, the broken line indicates the center line vector, and the alternate long and short dash line indicates the figure vector recognized by the automatic figure recognition processing.

Black points P _{40 to} P ₄₈ are end points of line segments that form the center line vector.

The black dots P _{40 to} P ₄₂ , P ₄₅ , and P ₄₆ are also the end points of the line segments that make up the graphic vector.

Points Q ₆ and Q ₇ are the pointing points from the indicator by the operator.

For example, the drawn portion is displayed in light blue and the center line vector is displayed in blue.

Graphic vector ... P ₄₀ P ₄₁ P ₄₂ and P ₄₇ P ₄₈ ... are part of "road", and graphic vector P ₄₂ P ₄₅ P ₄₆ ... are part of "contour line".

A method of converting the center line vector P ₄₂ P ₄₃ P ₄₄ of the omission of recognition into a "road" by a semi-automatic conversation process will be described.

It is instructed to input "road" in advance, and the recognized "road" graphic vector is ... P ₄₀ P ₄₁ P ₄₂ end point P ₄₂
Indicate the neighborhood Q _{6 of} and correct the position to point P ₄₂ .

Indicate the neighborhood Q _{7 of} P ₄₄ , which is the other end point of the center line vector to be additionally input, and correct the position to point P ₄₄ .

The curve is traced from the point P ₄₂ as the starting point by the method shown in FIG. 4, etc., and the center line vector P ₄₂ P ₄₃ P ₄₄ is extracted and highlighted.

If the operator confirms, the extracted vector is added to the recognized graphic vector ... P ₄₀ P ₄₁ P ₄₂ and the graphic vector is set to P ₄₀ P ₄₁ P ₄₂ P ₄₃ P ₄₄ . The highlighting of the extracted vector is stopped and the graphic vector is redisplayed as P ₄₀ P ₄₁ P ₄₂ P ₄₃ P ₄₄ .

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention, and is the same as the components of FIG. 6 except for the figure recognition unit 21.

In the first embodiment, all the graphic vectors are generated by the conversation processing, but in the second embodiment, the centerline vector is generated within a possible range by the image processing such as the automatic graphic recognition processing before the conversation processing. An identifier is given to the and converted into a graphic vector.

The figure recognition unit 21 is a unit that performs this image processing.
For an example of a concrete method of figure recognition, refer to the document "1985 Annual Conference of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Systems, No.S6-
6 ”or the like is applicable, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

In FIG. 8, the figure recognition unit 21 reads the original image data or the center line vector (or both data in some cases) from the original image data memory 6 or the center line vector memory 15 to recognize buildings and roads, and to identify them. Each vector is given an identifier and stored in the graphic vector memory 13 as a graphic vector.

Note that the automatic image processing function of the vector processing unit 18 is the same as a part of the automatic image processing function of the figure recognition unit 21, and it is possible to make those parts common.

The pointing point correction unit 17 includes a pointing point and center line vector sub memory 16
In addition to position correction to a point on the inner centerline vector,
If necessary, the position of the designated point is corrected to a point on the graphic vector in the graphic vector sub memory. Other operations are the sixth
The description is omitted because it is the same as the case described in the figure.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the original image data, the center line vector, and the graphic vector are displayed in a superimposed manner on the display, so that the operability is improved and the processing time can be shortened. There is.

Further, since the vectorization of the image data is automatically performed in advance by using the centerline image data, there is an effect that it is possible to input the vector of the graphic with extremely high accuracy, regardless of the individual difference and the skill level of the operator.

In addition, since the position of the designated point is automatically corrected to a point on the center line vector, the operator can input the designated point roughly to some extent, which has the effect of enabling high-speed processing with a light load.

In addition, since the recognition function is used also in conversation processing, there is an effect that more vector graphics can be input with fewer pointing points.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional second method, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional second method, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are present inventions including an automatic image processing function. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the second invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the second invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of an Example. 4 ... Input drawing, 5 ... Scanner, 6 ... Original image data memory, 7 ... Original image data sub-memory, 8 ... Display control unit, 9 ... Display, 10 ... Indicator, 11 ... Vector generating unit, 12 ... Graphic vector sub Memory, 13 ... Graphic vector memory, 14 ... Center line vector conversion unit, 15 ... Center line vector memory, 16 ... Center line vector sub-memory, 17 ... Point correction unit, 18 ... Vector processing unit, 19 ... Identifier assigning unit , 20 ... Display control unit, 21 ... Graphic recognition unit.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A graphic comprising a display and an indicator for designating an arbitrary point on the display screen, wherein a graphic portion required in a conversational form is extracted from image data including a plurality of graphic images and acquired as vector data. In the input processing device, a memory that stores original image data of a figure, a centerline vector conversion unit that converts the original image data into a centerline vector, a memory that stores the converted centerline vector, and the original image data A display control unit that superimposes a corresponding center line vector on the display screen in an identifiable manner, and positions a pointing point input by the pointing device on the display screen at a point on a predetermined center line vector. A pointing point correction unit for obtaining a corrected correction point, and one or a plurality of points obtained by the pointing point correction unit A vector processing unit for extracting a required portion of the centerline vector corresponding to the positive point using an automatic image processing function; an identifier assigning unit for assigning an identifier to the centerline vector obtained by the vector processing unit to form a graphic vector; A graphic input processing device for intelligent conversation processing, comprising: a memory that stores the graphic vector together with an identifier. 2. A graphic comprising a display and an indicator for designating an arbitrary point on the display screen, wherein a graphic part necessary for conversation is extracted from image data including a plurality of graphic images and acquired as vector data. In the input processing device, a memory that stores original image data of a figure, a centerline vector conversion unit that converts the original image data into a centerline vector, a memory that stores the converted centerline vector, the original image data or A graphic recognition unit that performs automatic image processing on the center line vector to generate a graphic vector having an identifier, and a center line vector and a graphic vector corresponding to the original image data are displayed in a superimposing manner on the display screen in a distinguishable state. And a display control unit that is operated by the indicator on the display screen. A pointing point correction unit that obtains a correction point by position-correcting the pointing point to a point on a predetermined center line vector, and a center line vector corresponding to one or more correction points obtained by the pointing point correction unit A vector processing unit that extracts a necessary part of the vector using an automatic image processing function, an identifier assigning unit that assigns an identifier to the centerline vector obtained by the vector processing unit to form a graphic vector, and a graphic recognition unit that generates the graphic vector. A graphic input processing device for intelligent conversation processing, comprising: a graphic vector and a memory for accumulating the graphic vector obtained by the vector processing unit and the identifier assigning unit together with an identifier.