JPH0833445B2 - Optical detector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to, for example, an automatic door opening / closing device that automatically opens and closes a door by detecting that a human body approaches or separates from the door. The present invention relates to an optical detection device used.

[Conventional technology]

The automatic door opening and closing device has a human body detection device that detects that a human body has entered the detection area and that the human body has exited the detection area, and the door opening and closing drive is performed by the human body detection signal sent by the external human body detection device. It is configured to operate the device. This human body detection device includes a light emitter and a light receiver,
The human body is in the detection area due to the fact that the human body detects the infrared ray emitted from the projector to detect the human body and the infrared ray emitted from the projector reflects the reflected light by the human body. There is a light reflection type that detects the entry.

As a light reflection type optical detection device, the conventional
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-49333. The optical detection device disclosed herein is configured by arranging a first light projecting element array, a second light projecting element array, and a light receiving element array in three upper and lower stages, and the first light projecting element array and the second light projecting element array. The light projecting elements of the light projecting element array are alternately switched and driven. The first light projecting element array forms a fan-shaped front irradiation area that extends in the column direction, the second light projecting element array creates a fan-shaped rear irradiation area that extends in the column direction, and the light receiving element array includes these front irradiation area and rear surface. A front detection area and a rear detection area are created with the irradiation area as the field of view.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Since this detection device defines the front detection area and the rear detection area, it has the advantage that the detection range in the front-rear direction can be expanded as compared with the case where there is one row of light projecting elements. When it is used for a device, it has the following drawbacks.

That is, the automatic door opening / closing device has various specifications such as a pulling door specification, a single-drawing door specification, and a narrow stepping specification, but with the above-mentioned conventional device, all of these specifications can be obtained without changing the number of elements. If you try to fix it, for example, in the case of a pulling door specification, it is necessary to kill the left or right light emitting element of the light emitting element row, but for this purpose, attach a light blocking seal to the light emitting surface, etc. This must not only be aesthetically pleasing, but can also cause diffused reflections and malfunction, or can result from partial or total peeling of the seal. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional device has a problem that the configuration must be changed for each specification.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide an optical detection device capable of coping with the various specifications described above without attaching a light blocking tape or the like.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a light projecting section in which a plurality of light projecting element rows having a plurality of light projecting elements connected in series are provided in parallel, A light-receiving element array having the same number of light-receiving elements as the light-emitting elements in series, and one light-receiving element and one of the light-receiving elements are paired. And a light emitting / receiving device capable of defining a plurality of rows × a plurality of rows of detection areas that are substantially the same arrangement as the light projecting element and the light receiving element, and a light projecting element defining each of the detection areas. And a detection control device for cyclically driving a pair of light receiving elements, the detection control device having a microcomputer, a mode selector connected to the microcomputer, and a table memory. The table memory is The combination of the required detection areas among the detection areas is stored together with the selection mode, and the combination of the detection areas includes the selection of the rows of the plurality of detection areas and the number of the plurality of detection areas. When the selection mode is operated, the mode selector selects a specific combination stored in the table memory with the microcomputer, and thus the specific detection area selected with the mode selector. It is configured to obtain a detection area having a desired width and depth by combination.

And, as the combination of the detection areas, one that selects all of the plurality of detection areas and the plurality of detection areas, one that selects only the rows of the plurality of detection areas, and the plurality of detection areas It is preferable to include one that selects only the number of rows, and one that selects the number of rows in the plurality of detection areas.

[Action]

According to the present invention, one of the light projecting element and one of the light receiving element are paired to form one detection area. Since the areas can be defined, not only selection of multiple rows but also combination of various detection areas with multiple selections is possible. Remember
By operating the selection mode of the mode selector, it is possible to obtain a detection area having an appropriate desired width and depth corresponding to various doors.

Specifically, in the draw door specification, a combination that selects all of a plurality of detection areas and a plurality of rows of detection areas,
The narrow-pull sliding door specification is a combination that selects only the rows of multiple detection areas, the single-drawing door specification is the combination that selects only the number of multiple detection areas, and the narrow-pull single-drawing door specification is the multiple rows. It is possible to make a combination of selecting the columns of the detection areas and selecting the number of the columns.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, A is a light emitting part, B is a light receiving part, 10 is a light emitting element changeover switch, 11 is a light receiving element changeover switch, 12 is a light receiving signal amplifier, and 13 is a sample hold circuit. 14 are configured.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a detection control device, which is a microcomputer (CPU) 21, program memory (ROM) 22, data memory (RAM) 23, table memory 24, interface circuit (P).
It has a detection control unit composed of IO) 25 and an A / D conversion unit 26. The program memory 22 stores the reference value setting program shown in FIG. 5 and the detection program shown in FIG. 6, as well as an element switching program, and the table memory 24 stores the mode table shown in FIG. There is. 27
Is a mode selector for selecting the door mode (draw door, narrow-pull door, single-pull door, narrow-pull single-pull door, etc.). Selector signal from _three output ports Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z _3. Z
(Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ ) is sent to the CPU 21. 31 is an on-timer, 32 is a relay for creating a door opening / closing command signal, 33
Is a door opening / closing drive device.

As shown in FIG. 2, the light projecting section A comprises a plurality of light projecting elements (light emitting diodes) 1 to 8 arranged in a row on the back of the light projecting lens 9, and the light projecting elements 1 to 8 are arranged. irradiates infrared rays R on the floor surface toward the optical axis to the floor surface F of the door front, as shown in FIG. 3 (a) and (b), the irradiation area consisting classified irradiated region C ₁ -C ₈ It defines C toward the floor F. The group of the light projecting elements 5 to 8 forming the second light projecting element array shares the door-side half of the irradiation area C (referred to as the second half of the irradiation area), and forms the first light projecting element array. The optical elements 1 to 4 share the first half of the irradiation area C (the first half of the irradiation area). Light-receiving unit B, as shown in FIG. 2, the light receiving lens 9A back to the light receiving element 1A~8A the horizontal toward the center on the floor of the respective light segment illuminated zone an axis C ₁ -C ₈ 2 It is arranged collectively in rows, and each of the light emitting elements 1 to
Figure 3 (a) to the irradiation space by 8, to form a (b) are shown by hatching detection area S ₁ to S ₈ (however, S ₅ to S ₇ are not shown).

The light projecting elements 1 to 8 receive a drive signal (for example, 3.5 KHz) via the light projecting element switching switch 10 and repeatedly emit infrared rays R having a pulse waveform as shown in FIG. 4 (a). Light receiving signals (shown in FIG. 4 (b)) V _L sent by the light receiving elements 1A to 8A
Is taken out through the light receiving element switching switch 11 and the amplifier 12
The signal is amplified by and then input to the sample hold circuit 13. The light emitting element switching switch 10 receives the switching signal Sw and inputs the drive signal P to the light emitting element selected by the mode selector 27 among the light emitting elements 1 to 8 in this order cyclically and at high speed. , The light receiving element switching switch 11 receives the switching signal Sw, and selects the mode selector among the light receiving elements 1A to 8A.
The light receiving elements selected by 27 are switched and connected to the amplifier 12 in synchronism with the above switching of the respective light projecting elements. The sample hold circuit (S / H circuit) 13 receives the sample hold signal S / H and samples and holds the maximum level V _LMAX of the incoming light receiving signal (pulse signal) V _L. The A / D converter 26 converts the hold value V _LMAX of the sample hold circuit 13 into a digital value, and the CPU
Enter in 21. The drive signal P, the switching signal Sw, and the sample hold signal S / H are sent from the CPU 21 by turning on a power switch (not shown), and are supplied to the light projecting / receiving device 14 through the interface circuit 25.

Next, the relationship between the modes 1, 2, 3, 4, ... Description will be made with reference to the mode table in the figure.

When the mode selector 27 is operated to the mode 1, the mode selector 27 outputs the selector signal Z (0,0,0).
This mode is defined as a pulling mode in which the door is fully opened, so the CPU 21 uses all the light emitting elements 1 to 8 and all the light receiving elements 1A to 8
A switching signal Sw of a switching mode for sequentially operating A is sent out. As a result, all the light projecting elements 1 to 8 emit infrared rays R while being switched at predetermined time intervals, and the light receiving element
1A~8A is synchronously driven with the light projecting element 1-8 receives the reflected light R _L from the detection area S ₁ to S ₈ respectively, sequentially sends the light reception signal V _L level proportional to the amount of reflected light . Further, when the mode selector 27 selects the mode 2, since this mode is defined as the pulling door mode, the CPU 21 causes the light projecting elements 2, 3, 6 and 7 and the light receiving elements which form a pair with the light projecting elements. The elements 2A, 3A, 6A and 7A are operated in a cyclic manner so that the light projecting elements 1, 4, 5 and 8 and the light receiving elements 1A, 4
Switching signal Sw in switching mode that disables A, 5A and 8A
Is sent. Further, when the mode selector 27 selects the mode 3, this mode is the narrow-pull-and-pull door mode, so that the CPU 21 causes the light projecting elements 1 to 4 and the light receiving elements 1A paired with the light projecting elements 1 to 4, respectively. .About.4A are cyclically operated, and a switching signal Sw of a switching mode for sending out the light projecting elements 5 to 8 and the light receiving elements 5A to 8A is sent. Further, when the mode selector 27 is operated to the mode 4, this mode is the narrow-push-pull door mode, so that the CPU 21 makes the light emitting elements 2 and 3 and the light receiving elements 2A and 3A corresponding to the light emitting elements cyclically. A switching signal Sw of a switching mode that causes the other light projecting elements and the other light receiving elements to be inoperative is transmitted.

Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the light projecting elements 1 driven in synchronization with each other.
The detection area S ₁ set by the pair of the light receiving element 1A and the light receiving element 1A will be described.

I Reference Value Setting Operation (Refer to Reference Value Setting Program) This program is executed in an environment in which no human is present in the detection area S ₁ , and when the power is turned on, the execution of this reference value setting program is started. Now, the mode selector 27
Is set to mode 1. The CPU 21 sequentially scans the output ports Z ₁ , Z ₂ and Z ₃ of the mode selector 27, finds that the selector signal Z is (0, 0, 0), and sets this selector signal Z to the mode shown in FIG. Match the mode on the table. When it is found from this comparison that the mode designated by the mode selector 27 is the mode 1, the switching signal Sw of the switching mode for sequentially and cyclically operating all the light projecting elements 1 to 8 and all the light receiving elements 1A to 8A is output. Send out.

The A / D converter 26 includes a first pulse, a second pulse ... An nth pulse of the light receiving signal V _L sequentially sent from the light receiving element 1A (however, in this example, n = 4). ) Maximum level value V _LMAX is converted to a digital value and sent to the CPU 21.
When the maximum level value V _LMAX of the n-th pulse is digitally converted, the CPU 21 _outputs n digital values D ₀₁ , D ₀₂ , ... D.
An average value N _{01 of 0n} is calculated, and threshold values σu and σd are provided above and below the average value N ₀₁ as a reference value of the detection area S ₁ .
The determination criterion K ₁ (N ₀₁ −σ _d <K ₁ <N ₀₁ + σ _u ) is set and stored in the address for the detection area S ₁ of the data memory 23. The reference value setting routine is also executed in the same manner for the detection area S ₂ to S _8, each of the draw door mode criteria K ₂ ~K ₈ is set.

II Detection Operation (Refer to Detection Program) After the reference value setting operation is completed, the detection program of FIG. 6 is sequentially executed for the detection areas S _{1 to} S ₈ .
The detection area S ₁ will be described below.

The A / D converter 26 converts the pulse maximum level value V _LMAX of the received light signal _VL into a digital value, and the CPU 21 converts the maximum level value of n (n = 4) pulses, as in the reference value setting operation. Is digitally converted into n (n = 4) digital values
The average received light amount N ₁₁ is calculated by averaging D ₁₁ , D ₁₂ , ... D _1n , and it is determined whether or not the average received light amount N ₁₁ is outside the criterion K ₁ . When it is within the determination standard K ₁ , the average light receiving amount calculation operation is repeated on condition that the relay 32 is deenergized and the door opening / closing command signal Y disappears.

When the average received light amount N ₁₁ is outside the criterion K _1, in order to confirm whether the average received light amount N ₁₁ is affected by disturbance such as sunlight or instantaneous flying objects, The same detection routine as above is returned. That is, the CPU 21 averages the digital values of the subsequent 2n (n = 4) pulses to calculate the average received light amount N ₁₂ . In this case, abnormally large or small digital values are excluded as those due to the disturbance or AC component, and the remaining digital values are averaged. Next, it is determined again whether or not this average received light amount N ₁₂ is outside the criterion K _1, and if it is still outside the criterion K _1, it is necessary to confirm whether or not it is affected by ambient light. , The third detection routine is repeated, and the CPU21
Calculates the average received light amount N ₁₃ by averaging the digital values of the subsequent 2n (n = 4) pulses. Also in this case, the abnormally large or small digital value is excluded, and the remaining digital values are averaged. The CPU 21 uses this average received light amount N ₁₃ as the average received light amount N ₁₂ obtained in the second detection routine.
If they match or approximate to each other,
It judges that a person has entered the detection area S ₁ and sends the human body detection signal X to the relay 32. As a result, the relay 32 is energized (turned on).

Further, when the mode 2 is selected by the mode selector 27, the CPU 21 sets the reference value of the pulling door mode (mode 2), so that the light projecting elements 2, 3, 6 and 7 and the light projecting elements are set. And light receiving elements 2A, 3A, 4A and
7A is operated cyclically, and the switching signal Sw of the switching mode that makes the light projecting elements 1, 4, 5 and 8 and the light receiving elements 1A, 4A, 5A and 8A inoperative is transmitted, and under this mode switching signal Sw, Execute the above reference value setting program, create a pulling door mode determination standard, use the mode determination standard, and
The detection program is executed under the mode switching signal Sw. When the mode selector 27 selects the mode 3, the light projecting elements 1 to 4 and the light receiving elements 1A to 4A respectively paired with the light projecting elements are cyclically operated to project the light projecting elements 5 to 8. When the above two programs are executed and the mode 4 is selected under the switching signal Sw of the switching mode that deactivates the light receiving elements 5A to 8A, the light projecting elements 2 and 3 and the light projecting elements The above two programs are executed under the switching signal Sw of the switching mode in which the light receiving elements 2A and 3A respectively corresponding to are cyclically operated and other light projecting elements and other light receiving elements are made inoperative.

As described above, in this embodiment, the first light projecting element arrays 1 to 4 are arranged.
The detection areas S _{1 to} S ₄ are set in the irradiation areas of 1st to 4A, and the detection areas S _{5 to} S ₈ are set in the irradiation areas of the second light emitting element rows 5 to 8 Since the second light projecting / receiving element rows 5A to 8A are provided, the depth is larger than that of the conventional one having a light receiving element row common to the first light projecting element row and the second light projecting element row. The direction detection range is expanding.

In the present embodiment, by operating the mode selector 27, the CPU 21 reads the mode designated by the mode selector 27 from the mode table and selects the pair of the light emitting element and the light receiving element to be driven. Only by operating, it is possible to obtain a detection range that matches the pull door specifications, single pull door specifications, narrow step pull door specifications, narrow step pull door specifications, etc., and it is not necessary to use the light blocking tape described above. 1
The above-mentioned various uses can be handled by a single device.

Further, although a large number of light emitting elements and light receiving elements are used, the light emitting elements and the light receiving elements are made to correspond one-to-one to sequentially define detection areas, and a determination standard is set for each detection area. Therefore, good detection accuracy can be ensured regardless of the door specifications and stepping specifications.

Further, in this embodiment, since the human body detection is performed by software, there is an advantage that the configuration of the device is simplified.

It is obvious that the present invention can be applied to a device having two light emitting element arrays and two light emitting element arrays arranged in parallel.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, one of the light projecting element and one of the light receiving element are paired to define a plurality of rows × a plurality of rows of detection areas which are substantially the same arrangement as the light projecting element and the light receiving element. As a result, the number of elements is increased, but by operating cyclically, signal processing can be handled by a program, and the device configuration is simplified.
In addition, since one of the light-emitting elements and one of the light-receiving elements is a combination of one detection area, the combination of the selection of a plurality of detection areas and the number of the plurality of detection areas are included. Suitable combinations with selections can be stored in the table memory, and can be used for a variety of door specifications such as pull door specifications, narrow step pull door specifications, single pull door specifications, and narrow step single pull door specifications. The most suitable combination of detection areas can be used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement configuration of a light projecting element and a light receiving element in the above embodiment, and FIG. 3 (a) is a light projecting element in the above embodiment. Output waveform diagram, FIG. 3 (b) is an output waveform diagram of the light receiving element in the above embodiment, FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are diagrams showing detection areas, and FIG. 5 is a reference value setting in the above embodiment. 6 is a flow chart of the program, FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the detection program in the above embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a mode table in the above embodiment. 1-8 ... Emitter element, 1A-8A ... Receiving element, 10 ... Emitter switching switch, 11 ... Receiving element switch, 20 ...
… Detection control device, 21 …… CPU, 27 …… Mode selector.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A light receiving unit having a plurality of light emitting element rows arranged in parallel, each having a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in series in a lateral direction, and a light receiving section having a same number of light receiving elements as the light emitting elements arranged in a horizontal direction. An array of light-receiving elements, the number of which is the same as that of the array of light-emitting elements, wherein one of the light-emitting elements and one of the light-receiving elements are paired, and the light-emitting elements and the light-receiving elements are arranged in substantially the same arrangement. And a detection control device for cyclically driving a pair of a light emitting element and a light receiving element that define each of the above detection areas. An optical detection device provided with the detection control device includes a microcomputer, a mode selector connected to the microcomputer, and a table memory, and the table memory is a detection area required for the detection area. Select a combination of areas Stored together with the mode, there are two types of detection area combinations, one that includes selection of the rows of the plurality of detection areas and the other that includes selection of the number of the plurality of detection areas. When the selection mode is operated, a specific combination stored in the table memory is selected by the microcomputer, and a detection area having a desired width and depth is obtained by the combination of the specific detection areas selected by the mode selector. An optical detection device characterized in that 2. The combination of the detection areas includes one that selects all of the plurality of detection areas and the plurality of rows of detection areas, one that selects only the rows of the plurality of rows of detection areas, and the plurality of the plurality of detection areas. 2. The optical detection device according to claim 1, wherein the optical detection device includes one that selects only the number of detection areas, and one that selects the number of rows of the plurality of detection areas.