JPH08334455A - Interface characteristics evaluation method for composite material and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an epoch-making interface characteristics evaluation method and device which is adaptable for a high elastic fiber relatively easily, both of a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin, and further more, concrete and a low- fusing point alloy (for example, a future non-lead solder without using lead, etc.) by precisely and easily finding interface peel strengthes of various kinds of composite materials, namely, shearing stress in peeling the interface and a contact angle of a micro droplet to the fiber or the wire rod. CONSTITUTION: The composite material interface characteristics evaluation device is provided with a holder 2 which fixes both sides of a prescribed length of a fiber or a wire rod and is movable in the horizontal direction, a load measuring and recording device (a load cell 4) for recording load acting on the holder 2, and a container 5 for a specimen material which is so constituted that a specimen 41 is stuck to the fiber or the wire rod 13 so as to form a micro droplet 40. A container upper/lower drive device 6, a heating furnace 8 for heating the holder 2 or the container 5, and a blade 9 which allows the movement of the fiber or the wire rod 13 and blocks the movement of the micro droplet 40.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an interfacial property evaluation method and apparatus by the microdroplet method, and particularly to interfacial peel strength of various composite materials as a state-of-the-art technique, that is, for shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling and fiber or wire material. By making the contact angle of the microdroplets accurate and easy to solve, it solves all the problems that were previously difficult to carry out by the microdroplet method, and even with extremely fine fibers having high elastic modulus or ultrahigh elastic modulus. Relatively easily and for both thermosetting and thermoplastic resins, as well as for concrete and low melting point alloys (for example, current solder that is an alloy of lead and tin and future solder that does not use lead) The present invention relates to an epoch-making interface characteristic evaluation method and apparatus that can be applied.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is known that the properties of a fiber reinforced resin as an example of a composite material as a state of the art are affected by the interfacial bond strength between the fiber and the resin, and various evaluation methods for the interfacial strength are proposed. Have been put into practical use.
The evaluation method between carbon fiber and resin is roughly divided into the method using the physical properties of the composite material and the method using the single fiber. However, in order to accurately obtain the interfacial strength (shear strength τ), the evaluation using the single fiber is necessary. Is.

The methods using single fibers include (1) breaking fiber length method, (2) single fiber drawing method, (3) single fiber pushing method and (4) microdroplets (microdro).
Plet) method and the like.

On the other hand, as a reinforcing fiber, the elastic modulus has recently been 50
The use of high elastic modulus carbon fibers of 0 GPa or more is increasing.
In particular, pitch-based applications of carbon fibers having an ultrahigh elastic modulus of 700 GPa or more are often used. Pitch-based carbon fiber is conventionally 1 fiber diameter
The diameter was 0 μm, but recently, a diameter of 7 μm has been developed and put on the market. Such a high elastic modulus carbon fiber has a small breaking elongation and is brittle, and when the fiber diameter is small, the breaking load per fiber is small. In addition, such fibers
The fiber diameter and fiber strength may vary relatively. The interface evaluation by the single fiber method is originally difficult to handle fibers and to prepare test pieces, but for the above reasons, it is more difficult to test high modulus fibers.

For example, in the broken fiber length method (1), since the gauge interval is long, it requires skill to prepare a test piece. Further, it is relatively difficult to actually measure the fiber diameter, it is necessary to consider variations in both the fiber strength and the fiber diameter, and it is applicable only to transparent resins. Furthermore, Kelly Ty
The question of whether or not the (Son) assumption holds is also left.

In the case of the single fiber drawing method (2), it is difficult to prepare a test piece and carry out the test. In the single fiber indentation method of (3), it is considered that the fibers undergo contact pressure failure at the time of indentation, and there is a problem in the interpretation of the stress state of the interfacial failure.
Further, the single fiber method generally requires a special method when a thermoplastic resin is used.

The microdroplet method (4) is
Although the shortcomings of the single fiber drawing method of (2) have been improved, there is a possibility that the preparation of test pieces, the execution of tests and the actual measurement of fiber diameter will become relatively easy. It is still difficult to implement, and it is the current situation that it has not reached the stage of practical application.

From the above, among the above methods,
Although the microdroplet method (4) is a relatively excellent method, it is still considered to have a problem in application to high modulus fibers. For this reason, the conventional elastic modulus is 500.
There were almost no measurement examples of fibers of GPa or higher by the microdroplet method.

On the other hand, fiber reinforced resin (FRP) has made great progress in recent years and is used in various containers, machine parts, building materials, vehicles, ships, aircraft, space rockets, etc.
It exhibits valuable material properties that cannot be obtained with metals, such as heat resistance, chemical resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance, and light weight, and its use is expected to increase in the future. But its biggest drawback is its high cost. One of the reasons for this high cost is that the method and apparatus for evaluating the interfacial properties of the composite material, which is the subject of the present invention, is not industrially established for the microdroplet method, which is an excellent evaluation method. This is because this device has not been provided as an easily usable device.

Since the apparatus capable of carrying out the microdroplet method has not reached the level of being industrially applicable, it is not possible to easily evaluate the interfacial characteristics of various composite materials by the microdroplet method, and it is necessary to conduct many experiments. However, it is not an exaggeration to say that the cost of the fiber reinforced resin is very high because of the large amount of research required.

The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (Hyogoken Nanbu Earthquake)
In the case where a bridge girder of a highway was broken and the highway collapsed, a method and a device for easily determining the interfacial properties between the reinforcing bar and the concrete, that is, the interfacial peel strength (shear stress τ), which constitutes the reinforced concrete, have been established. It was found that the lack of this was a major obstacle to knowing the ultimate strength of reinforced concrete and the strength over time. No matter how robust a reinforced concrete is, its reliability will not be high unless the essential interfacial properties between it and concrete are clear.

If the interface characteristics between the reinforcing bar and concrete can be easily evaluated by the microdroplet method, the reliability of the strength of all completed buildings will be increased, and a safer building can be constructed. However, since the method and apparatus for evaluating the interfacial properties of the composite material by the microdroplet method have not been put into practical use as described above, many problems remain for the earthquake resistance of buildings.

In addition, solder, which is a low melting point alloy of tin and lead, is always used for various consumer electronic devices and electric machines, but as is well known, lead is extremely toxic. Due to the fact that it is a metal, the danger of lead poisoning in various soldered equipment has recently been screamed, mainly in the United States, and there is a possibility that solder using lead will be prohibited in the near future. .. From this point of view, it has become necessary to develop a low melting point alloy that does not use lead, that is, a non-lead solder. At present, it is difficult to develop such a new alloy because the evaluation method and apparatus by the Lett method have not been put to practical use.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to evaluate the interfacial properties of composite materials by the microdroplet method. , Fix both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire to a holder that can move horizontally,
The test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire to adhere the test material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and after solidifying the microdroplet, A blade having a gap that allows the movement of the fiber or the wire material and prevents the movement of the microdroplet is disposed on the front side in the moving direction of the microdroplet, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, A microdroplet is separated from the fiber or wire by a blade, and the load acting during this movement is recorded to determine the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the fiber or wire of the microdroplet. To prevent the fiber or wire from falling off and breaking of the fiber or wire and various test materials such as resin or concrete. It is to realize the evaluation of surface characteristics by the microdroplet method at an industrially practical level, and thereby, for example, for both thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins, high elastic modulus carbon fibers of 500 GPa or more and 700 GPa or more. "Difficulty in preparing test pieces", which had been the biggest problem in the past, was made possible by applying the microdroplet method to the ultra-high modulus carbon fiber of
And "difficulty in implementing the microdroplet method".

Another object of the present invention is to evaluate the interface characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, by fixing both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire to a holder that can move in the horizontal direction and melting the fiber or wire. After the sample material in the state is brought close to each other to adhere the sample material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and the microdroplet is solidified, the moving direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire A blade having a gap that allows movement of the fiber or wire and prevents movement of the microdroplets is arranged on the front side, one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, and the microdroplets are moved by the blades. By separating the fiber or wire from the fiber and recording the load acting during this movement, It is to prevent the oxidation and moisture absorption of the adhesion interface between the fiber or wire and the sample material by obtaining the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation and performing all the steps in an atmosphere of an inert gas. This is to make it possible to obtain a more objective evaluation result by the microdroplet method without considering the change in the characteristics of the material due to oxidation or moisture absorption.

Still another object is to use a microdroplet method to evaluate the interfacial characteristics of a composite material by fixing both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire to a holder that can move horizontally, and holding the holder in a heating furnace. It is placed inside and the container containing the solid sample material is suspended above the holder, and the solid sample material is heated and melted in a heating furnace, and the molten sample material is added to the fiber or wire. After moving downward, the sample material is attached to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and the heating furnace is set to a low temperature to solidify the microdroplet, and then the microdroplet of the fiber or wire is moved. The blade having a gap that allows the movement of the fiber or the wire and prevents the movement of the microdroplet is fixed on the front side in the direction, and the holder is moved to move the fiber or the wire. By further separating the microdroplets from the fiber or wire and recording the load acting on the holder during this movement to determine the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the microdroplets on the fiber or wire, the solid droplets at room temperature It is possible to more easily evaluate the interfacial properties of the composite material by the microdroplet method by using the test material as it is, and carry out a number of evaluation tests in a short time by repeating it more industrially and reliably. It is possible to do so, and also to achieve complete commercialization of the microdroplet method at the industrial level.

Still another object is to prevent oxidation due to heating of the fiber or the wire and the test material by the heating furnace by performing all the steps in the atmosphere of an inert gas in addition to the above-mentioned constitution, Alternatively, it is possible to perform a more reliable interfacial property evaluation test by the microdroplet method in a state where the chemical properties of the wire and the test material do not change.

Another object of the present invention is to evaluate the interface characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, by fixing both ends of a fiber or wire having a fixed length to a holder that can move in the horizontal direction and melting the fiber or wire. The sample material in the state is brought close to each other to adhere the sample material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and after the microdroplet is solidified, the moving direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire. A blade having a gap that allows movement of the fiber or wire and prevents movement of the microdroplets is arranged on the front side, one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, and the microdroplets are moved by the blades. By separating the fiber or wire from the fiber and recording the load acting during this movement, In addition to determining the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling, recording the microdroplet from the outside from the image and determining the contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire from the image, the microdrop among the interfacial properties of the composite material is obtained. To make it possible to simultaneously and easily measure not only the shear strength of thelet but also the contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire, and to achieve a more complete practical application of the microdroplet method. Is.

Still another object is to provide a void in the center of the metal plate to which the low melting point alloy can be attached, fill the void with the low melting point alloy, and to apply the low melting point alloy to the center of the metal plate. Insert the wire that can be adhered, heat these to melt the low melting point alloy and weld it to the metal plate and the wire, fix one of the metal plate and the wire and move the other to move the low melting point alloy and the wire. By peeling and recording the load acting during this movement to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the low melting point alloy wire, the ratio of the length of the microdroplets to the diameter of the wire is reduced, The load required up to this time is made smaller so that the wire does not break during movement, and this will not only evaluate the interfacial properties of the current lead solder wire with the microdroplet method, but also in the future. Non lead enables easily performing the evaluation test of the surface characteristics for the wire to be unavoidable in the solder commercialization and then, it is to facilitate the realization of harmless non-lead solders required for.

Further, in addition to the above structure, another object is to prevent all the above steps from being carried out in an atmosphere of an inert gas so as to prevent the oxidation due to the melting of the solder and to completely adhere the molten solder to the wire. In order to obtain a more reliable evaluation result of the interface characteristics.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an interfacial property evaluation apparatus for composite materials by the microdroplet method, in which both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed and the holder is movable in the horizontal direction, and the holder is moved in the horizontal direction. A holder moving device for moving the load, a load measuring recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, and a test material in a molten state brought close to a fiber or a wire, A container for a test material configured to adhere to fibers or wires to form microdroplets, a container up-and-down drive device for vertically moving the container, and a heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container and heating them And a gap that is arranged on the front side of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplet and that allows the fiber or wire to move and blocks the movement of the microdroplet. That a blade, moving the holder to move the fiber or wire material by the holder moving device,
A blade is used to separate the microdroplets from the fiber or wire, and the load acting on the holder during this movement is recorded by a load measurement recording device to obtain the shear stress at the time of interface separation of the microdroplets from the fiber or wire. It is to provide an evaluation device capable of industrially carrying out the evaluation of the interfacial properties of the composite material by the microdroplet method quickly, reliably and easily by configuring the above-mentioned structure. It is to improve the property and cost, and to facilitate the development of new fiber-reinforced resin.

Still another object is that, in addition to the above structure, a holder, a holder moving device, a part of a load measuring and recording device, a container, a container up-and-down driving device, a heating furnace and a blade are housed in a hermetically sealed state and are not contained inside. A cover that is filled with an active gas, a microscope that allows the microdroplets formed on the fibers or wires inside the heating furnace to be magnified and viewed, and an image of the microdroplets recorded by the microscope is recorded. And a camera for moving the holder by a holder moving device to move the fiber or wire, and the blade separates the microdroplets from the fiber or wire, and the load acting on the holder during this movement is recorded for load measurement. It is configured to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet fiber or wire by recording with a device. All steps should be performed in an atmosphere of inert gas, and images of the microdroplets should be recorded with a microscope and camera to determine the contact angle of the microdroplets with respect to the fiber or wire. To realize a more complete form, that is, to evaluate the shear strength of the interface and to measure the contact angle of the microdroplet, and to put the interfacial property evaluation device of the composite material into practical use by the microdroplet method. It is to solve the "difficulty of producing test pieces" and "difficulty of implementation" that have been made, and to dramatically facilitate the development of composite materials as various advanced technologies.

[0023]

In summary, according to the method of the present invention (claim 1), in the method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fiber or wire having a certain length can be moved horizontally. After being fixed to a holder, a test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire to attach the test material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and after solidifying the microdroplet, A blade that allows movement of the fiber or wire and blocks movement of the microdroplet is provided on the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed to the other. By moving the microdroplet from the fiber or wire with the blade and recording the load acting during this movement. Serial and is characterized in that to determine the shear stress at the interface peel to the fiber or wire material of microdroplets.

According to the method of the present invention (claim 2), in the interfacial property evaluation method for a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a holder that is movable in the horizontal direction, A test material in a molten state is brought close to a fiber or a wire to adhere the test material to the fiber or the wire to form a microdroplet, and the microdroplet is solidified. A blade that allows the movement of the fiber or the wire and blocks the movement of the microdroplet is provided on the front side in the moving direction of the microdroplet, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, and the blade The microdroplet is separated from the fiber or wire by means of, and the load applied during this movement is recorded, whereby the microdroplet is recorded. Together determine the shear stress at the interface peel to the fiber or wire material of Tsu bets, it is characterized in that to perform the entire process in an atmosphere of inert gas.

According to the method of the present invention (claim 3), in the method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fiber or wire having a fixed length are fixed to a holder which can be moved in the horizontal direction. The holder is placed in a heating furnace, a container containing a solid sample material is suspended above the holder, the solid sample material is heated and melted by the heating furnace, and the fiber or wire After the sample material in a molten state is lowered and approached, the sample material is attached to the fiber or wire to form microdroplets, and the temperature of the heating furnace is adjusted to solidify the microdroplets. ,
A blade that allows the movement of the fiber or wire and blocks the movement of the microdroplet is fixed to the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire, and the holder is moved to move the fiber or wire. , The blade is used to separate the microdroplet from the fiber or wire, and the load acting on the holder during this movement is recorded to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire. It is characterized by that.

According to the method of the present invention (claim 4), in the interfacial property evaluation method for a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a horizontally movable holder, The holder is placed in a heating furnace, a container containing a solid sample material is suspended above the holder, the solid sample material is heated and melted by the heating furnace, and the fiber or wire After the sample material in a molten state is lowered and approached, the sample material is attached to the fiber or wire to form microdroplets, and the temperature of the heating furnace is adjusted to solidify the microdroplets. ,
A blade that allows the movement of the fiber or wire and blocks the movement of the microdroplet is fixed to the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire, and the holder is moved to move the fiber or wire. , The blade is used to separate the microdroplet from the fiber or wire, and the load acting on the holder during this movement is recorded to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire. In addition, all of the above steps are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas.

According to the method of the present invention (claim 5), in the method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fiber or wire having a fixed length are fixed to a holder which is movable in the horizontal direction. A test material in a molten state is brought close to a fiber or a wire to adhere the test material to the fiber or the wire to form a microdroplet, and the microdroplet is solidified. A blade that allows the movement of the fiber or the wire and blocks the movement of the microdroplet is provided on the front side in the moving direction of the microdroplet, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, and the blade The microdroplet is separated from the fiber or wire by means of the The shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the fiber or wire rod is recorded, the microdroplet is externally recorded in an image, and the contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire rod is obtained from the image. It is what

According to the method of the present invention (claim 6), a void is provided in a part of the metal plate to which the low melting alloy can be attached, and the low melting alloy is filled in the void, Insert a wire rod to which the low melting point alloy can adhere to a part, heat these to melt the low melting point alloy and weld them to the metal plate and the wire rod, and fix one of the metal plate and the wire rod. And the other is moved to separate the low melting point alloy and the wire rod, and the load acting during this movement is recorded to obtain the shear stress at the time of interface peeling of the low melting point alloy with respect to the wire rod. To do.

According to the method of the present invention (claim 7), a space is provided in a part of the metal plate to which the low melting point alloy can be adhered, and the low melting point alloy is filled in the space, Insert a wire rod to which the low melting point alloy can adhere to a part, heat these to melt the low melting point alloy and weld them to the metal plate and the wire rod, and fix one of the metal plate and the wire rod. And the other is moved to separate the low melting point alloy and the wire rod, and the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the low melting point alloy to the wire rod is recorded by recording the load acting during this movement, and all of the above. The above process is performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas.

The device of the present invention (claim 8) is a device for evaluating the interface characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed and a holder movable horizontally is provided. A holder moving device for moving the holder in the horizontal direction, a load measurement recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, and a test material in a molten state are brought close to the fiber or wire. A container for the sample material configured to adhere the sample material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and a container vertical drive device for moving the container up and down,
A heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container and heating them, and arranged in front of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire to allow the movement of the fiber or wire and prevent the movement of the microdroplet. And a blade for moving the holder by the holder moving device to move the fiber or wire, and the blade separates the microdroplets from the fiber or wire, and acts on the holder during this movement. The present invention is characterized in that the load is recorded by the load measuring and recording device so as to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire.

The apparatus of the present invention (Claim 9) is an apparatus for evaluating the interface characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which a fixed length of fiber or wire is fixed at both ends, and a holder is movable horizontally. A holder moving device for moving the holder in the horizontal direction, a load measurement recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, and a test material in a molten state are brought close to the fiber or wire. A container for the sample material configured to adhere the sample material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and a container vertical drive device for moving the container up and down,
A heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container and heating them, and a fiber or wire rod arranged in front of the moving direction of the microdroplet to allow movement of the fiber or wire rod and move the microdroplet. A blade for blocking, the holder, the holder moving device, a part of the load measuring and recording device, the container, the container vertical driving device, the heating furnace, and the blade are housed in a sealed state, and an inert gas is contained inside. A cover adapted to be filled, the holder moving device moves the holder to move the fiber or wire, and the blade separates the microdroplets from the fiber or wire, and during this movement. By recording the load acting on the holder by the load measurement recording device, the fibers or wires of the microdroplets are recorded. Together determine the shear stress at the interface peel to, it is characterized in that the entire process was configured to perform in an inert gas atmosphere within said cover.

The apparatus of the present invention (claim 10) is an apparatus for evaluating interface characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which a fixed length of fiber or wire is fixed at both ends and a holder is movable in the horizontal direction. A holder moving device for moving the holder in a horizontal direction, a load measuring recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, and a test material in a molten state approaching the fiber or wire. A container for the sample material configured to adhere the sample material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, a container vertical drive device for moving the container up and down, the holder and the container A heating furnace for accommodating and heating the microdroplets, which is arranged in front of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplets and allows the fiber or wire to move. A blade that blocks the movement of the let, a microscope that allows the microdroplets formed on the fibers or wires inside the heating furnace to be magnified and viewed, and an image of the microdroplets recorded by the microscope is recorded. A camera for moving the fiber or wire rod by pulling the holder by the holder moving device to separate the microdroplets from the fiber or wire rod by the blade, and to the holder during this movement. By recording the applied load by the load measurement recording device to determine the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the microdroplets with respect to the fibers or the wire material, and record the image of the microdroplets by the microscope and the camera. The contact of the microdroplet with the fiber or wire. It is characterized in that it has configured to determine the angular.

The apparatus of the present invention (claim 11) is an apparatus for evaluating the interface characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which a fixed length fiber or wire is fixed at both ends, and a holder is movable in the horizontal direction. A holder moving device for moving the holder in a horizontal direction, a load measuring recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, and a test material in a molten state approaching the fiber or wire. A container for the sample material configured to adhere the sample material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, a container vertical drive device for moving the container up and down, the holder and the container A heating furnace for accommodating and heating the microdroplets, which is arranged on the front side of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplet, and allows the fiber or wire to move. A blade for preventing the movement of the let, the holder, the holder moving device, a part of the load measurement recording device, the container, the container vertical drive device, the heating furnace and the blade are housed in a sealed state and inside. A cover that is filled with an inert gas, and a microscope that allows the microdroplets formed in the fiber or wire inside the heating furnace to be viewed by enlarging it,
A camera for recording an image of the microdroplet by the microscope, the holder moving device moves the holder to move the fiber or wire, and the blade moves the microdroplet to the fiber or wire. And a shearing stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet to the fiber or wire by recording the load acting on the holder during this movement by the load measurement recording device, and All steps are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, and images of the microdroplets are recorded by the microscope and the camera to obtain a contact angle of the microdroplets with respect to the fiber or wire. It is characterized by being configured in.

[0034]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 will be described. A composite material interface evaluation apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a holder 2, a holder moving apparatus 3, and a load cell as an example of a load measurement recording apparatus. 4, a container 5 for the sample material, a container vertical drive device 6, a heating furnace 8, a blade 9, a cover 10, a microscope 11, and a camera 12.

The holder 2 is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8,
Both ends, that is, one end 13a and the other end 13b of a fixed length of fiber or wire 13 are fixed by an adhesive 14 and are movable in the horizontal direction, and are made of cardboard, synthetic resin plate, stainless steel, or other metal. The plate is formed in a U shape upward and is detachably attached to the arm 15 having one end 15a connected to the load cell 4 by two screws 16. In this way, both ends of the fiber or wire 13 are fixed to the holder 2 because the fiber or wire 13 has a diameter of 7 mm.
In order to prevent the fibers from being cut during drawing even in the case of ultra-high modulus carbon fibers having an ultra-fine thickness of 700 μm or more, which is 700 μPa or more, and to enable the holder moving device 3 to stably draw the fibers or wire 13 This is because

The holder moving device 3 is a device for pulling the holder 2 in the horizontal direction to move the holder 2 at a constant speed.
0 is fixed, and the slide table 2 is attached to the slide base.
1 is slidably mounted through a dovetail groove, and blocks 24 and 25 to which a bracket 23 to which the load cell 4 is fixed are fixed via a bracket 22 are fixed to the slide table.

In FIG. 2, a screw shaft 26 is inserted into the slide base 20, and the screw shaft is the slide table 21.
Is screwed into a nut (not shown) fixed to the screw shaft 26
Rotation of the nut moves the slide table 21
Is configured to slide, and a bevel gear 28 is fixed to one end of the screw shaft 26. The bevel gear 28 is fixed to a rotary shaft 32 of a motor 31 fixed to the machine frame 18 via brackets 29 and 30. It meshes with a bevel gear 36 fixed to a shaft 35 that is connected through a joint 33 and is supported by a pillow block 34.

Then, by operating the motor drive controller 38 arranged on the machine frame 18 shown in FIG. The screw shaft 26 rotates, the slide table 21 slides, and the arm 2 can gently pull the holder 2 at a constant speed via the load cell 4.

In FIG. 2, a load cell 4, which is an example of a load measurement recording device, is for recording the load (tension) acting on the holder 2 during the operation of the holder moving device 3, and acts on the arm 15. The pressure generated by the traction force is converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is transmitted to a device (not shown) such as an electromagnetic oscillograph or a pen-writing oscillograph to continuously record a change in load, and to the fiber or wire 13. The change in the load until the attached microdroplets 40 are separated from the fiber or the wire 13 by the blade 9 can be known.

2, FIG. 3, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9 and FIG.
In the container 5 for the sample material, the sample material 41 in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or the wire 13 to adhere the sample material to the fiber or the wire 13 and the microdroplet 40.
In order to be able to withstand the heating in the heating furnace 8 and to melt the test material 41 therein, the solid test material 41 is actually accommodated therein. In the illustrated embodiment, the metal wire 5a such as platinum is used.
Is formed in the shape of a bamboo spring so that the coil diameter becomes smaller from the upper side to the lower side, and the upper end portion 5b is fixed to the vertical axis 43 fixed to the weight 42. It is configured to move up and down.

The container up-and-down drive device 6 is for moving the container 5 for the test material up and down manually,
A chain 44 is connected to the weight 42, and the chain is
It is wound around pulleys 46, 48, 49 rotatably mounted on a bracket 45 fixed to the machine frame 18 and connected to a winding shaft 50.

The take-up shaft 50 has a large-diameter flange portion 50a formed on the upper end thereof, and the seal member 5 mounted on the machine frame.
1, which protrudes downward of the machine frame 18 and is rotatably supported by a pillow block 52 fixed to the machine frame 18,
A bevel gear 53 is fixed to the lower end, and the bevel gear is horizontally supported with respect to the machine frame 18, and one end 55a of a shaft 55 rotatably supported by a pillow block 57 and a bearing 54 integrated with the machine frame 18. The bevel gear 56 fixed to the shaft 55 is meshed with the other end 55b of the shaft 55, and a container elevating handle 58 is fixed to the shaft 55 to rotate the winding shaft 50 to wind the chain 44 around the winding shaft. Take and weight 42
Is raised to raise the container 5, and the winding shaft 50 is rotated in the opposite direction so that the chain 44 is paid out to lower the container 5.

The heating furnace 8 is shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, FIG. 7 and FIG.
3, the holder 2 and the container 5 are housed to heat the sample material 41, the microdroplets 40, and the like, and the electric furnace has an electric heater (not shown) built therein. Is divided into two in the vertical plane of the central portion in the width direction, the right half 8a in the figure is fixed to the machine frame 18 by the bracket 61, and the left half 8b is openable and closable by the hinge 60 attached to the bottom surface. Further, a large round hole 8c capable of accommodating the holder 2, the container 5 for the test material and the blade 9 is formed through in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 8d in the center of the lens for shooting with the microscope 11 and the camera 12.
The bracket 63 is formed at a position where the illumination light source 62 can brightly illuminate the portion of the microdroplet 40 attached to the fiber or the wire 13 through the inside of the child hole.
Is attached to the machine frame 18. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a temperature controller 64 and a power supply controller 65 for the heating furnace 8 are arranged on the front surface of the machine casing 18.

The blade 9 is disposed on the front side of the fiber or wire 13 in the moving direction of the microdroplet 40, and has a gap that allows the fiber or wire 13 to move and prevents the microdroplet 40 from moving. In the illustrated embodiment, this gap is provided with a pair of blades 9 so that the pair of blades can be opened and closed, that is, a blade opening / closing device 66.

Explaining the blade opening / closing device 66, in FIGS. 4 to 6, the pair of blades 9 is composed of an upper blade 9A and a lower blade 9B, and the upper blade 9A is a pair of blade supporting arms. The lower blade 9B is fixed to the upper blade supporting arm 68A of the 68, and the lower blade 9B is fixed to the lower blade supporting arm 68B.
It is stuck to.

The pair of blade support arms 68 are slidably mounted on a slide base 69 arranged in the vertical direction through dovetail grooves. The pair of support arms 68 are rotatably attached to the slide base 69 by a bracket 70 fixed to a slide base 69, and are attached to a feed screw 71 in which an upper half is left-threaded and a lower half is right-threaded. As shown in FIG. 5, the blade supporting arm 68A is assembled with a left-handed female screw and the blade support arm 68B with a right-handed female screw so that they are screwed together. Even if the blades are rotated in the same direction, the pair of blade support arms 68 move up and down in opposite directions, and the pair of blades 9 open and close vertically.

A universal joint 72 is attached to the lower end 71a of the feed screw 71, and a hexagonal hole (not shown) is formed inside the lower end 72a, and the hexagonal shaft 73 is formed in the hexagonal hole.
Is slidably inserted, and the lower end 73 of the hexagonal shaft 73 is
a is slidably inserted into a hexagonal hole (not shown) formed at the upper end 74a of the universal joint 74, and the lower end 74b of the universal joint 74 is provided at the pillow block 75 and the machine frame fixed to the machine frame 18. A shaft 78, which is rotatably supported by a seal member 76 disposed inside the shaft 18, and has a bevel gear 77 fixed to the lower end thereof.
It is attached to the upper end of.

The bevel gear 77 meshes with a bevel gear 79 fixed to one end 67a of the shaft 67, and the other end 67b of the shaft 67.
A bevel gear 59 is fixed to the bevel gear 59. The bevel gear 59 is rotatably supported by a pillow block (not shown) fixed to a plate 79 integral with the machine frame 18 and a bearing 80, and is orthogonal to the shaft 67. A bevel gear 82 fixed to one end 81a of the shaft 81 arranged is meshed with a blade opening / closing handle 83 attached to the other end of the shaft 81. By rotating the blade opening / closing handle, a pair of The blade 9 can be opened and closed to arbitrarily adjust the gap.

Next, the blade height adjusting device 87 will be described. The slide base 69 is fastened to the vertically arranged columns 85 by the screws 84 by slitting the blocks 69a and 69b provided at two positions. The support 85 is fixed to a bracket 88 by a bolt 86, the bracket 88 is fixed to a bracket 89 fixed to the machine frame 18, and a right-hand screw 90a of a female screw is cut inside to adjust the height of the blade. A feed screw 91, which is fixed to a block 90 for use with the female screw 90a of the block, is rotatably supported by a pair of pillow blocks 92 and 93 fixed to the machine frame 18, and has a lower end at its lower end. A bevel gear 94 is fixed, and the bevel gear 94 has a pillow block 97 and a bearing (not shown) integrated with the plate 79.
Is engaged with one end 95a of a shaft 95 rotatably supported by a bevel gear 96 fixedly attached to the other end 95b of the shaft 95.
A blade height adjusting handle 98 is fixed to the blade, and by rotating the handle, the entire pair of blades 9 can be moved up and down to adjust its height to an optimum position.

The cover 10 includes a holder 2, a holder moving device 3, a load cell 4 as an example of a load measuring and recording device, and a container 5.
The container up-and-down drive device 6, the heating furnace 8 and the blade 9 are housed in a hermetically sealed state and are filled with an inert gas, which are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7 and 9. The body 10a is made of transparent acrylic resin,
The window portion 10b for photographing is formed so as to project like a flange, and a quartz glass 99 is fitted inside the window portion 10b.
Even when the cover 10 is used, the inside image can be clearly viewed and photographed, and the sealing member 10
Multiple bolts (not shown) to machine frame 18 through
It is fixed by tightening. A hose 101 for introducing an inert gas (for example, nitrogen gas) into the cover and a hose 102 for discharging the internal air are connected to the machine frame 18 located inside the cover.
Is an inert gas supply source such as an inert gas cylinder (not shown)
It is connected to the. If the cover 10 is used and the interior thereof is filled with an inert gas, the interface characteristics of the composite material can be evaluated by the microdroplet method in an inert gas atmosphere, and a more reliable evaluation result can be obtained. You can do it.

The microscope 11 is a microscope in which the microdroplets 40 formed on the fibers or wires 13 inside the heating furnace 8 are magnified so that they can be viewed, and an eyepiece 103 with a magnification of about 10 and a magnification of 4 are used. An objective lens (not shown) having a magnification of about 5 times and a total magnification of about 45 times is used, but a camera mounting portion 11a is provided for taking a photograph.

In FIG. 1, the microscope 11 is fixed by a bracket 104 to a slide table 105 that moves forward and backward with respect to the heating furnace 8, and the slide table is slidably mounted on a slide base 106 via a dovetail groove. ,
The slide base 106 is slidably mounted on a slide base 108 fixed to the machine frame 18 via a dovetail groove, and a slide table 109 that moves left and right with respect to the heating furnace 8.
Further, a handle 110 for adjusting the front-rear position is attached to the slide base 106.
The left and right position adjustment handles 111 are attached to the
By operating these handles 110 and 111, the microscope 11 can be freely moved back and forth and left and right with respect to the heating furnace 8.

The camera 12 is used to record an image of the microdroplet 40 by the microscope 11. For example, an instant camera is used. The contact angle θ (FIGS. 9 and 12D) with respect to the fiber or the wire 13 can be obtained.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a void 120b is provided in a central portion 120a of the metal plate 120 to which the low melting point alloy 121 can be attached, and the low melting point alloy 121 is filled in the void 120b. A wire rod 1 to which the low melting point alloy 121 can adhere in the central portion 120a
13 are inserted, and these are heated by a heater 122 (built in the heating furnace 8 of the first embodiment) to melt the low melting point alloy 121 and weld it to the metal plate 120 and the wire rod 113, and the metal plate 120 and the wire rod 113. One of them is fixed and the other is moved to separate the low melting point alloy 121 and the wire rod 113, and the load acting during the pulling is recorded, so that the shear stress at the time of interface peeling of the low melting point alloy 121 with respect to the wire rod 113 can be measured. I try to ask. By configuring in this way,
Since the low melting point alloy 121 adheres to the wire material 113 only within the width of the metal plate 120, if this is used as a microdroplet, the adhesion length L will be short,
By making the peel strength of the low melting point alloy 121 smaller than the breaking strength of the wire 113, the evaluation test can be performed.

Therefore, the second embodiment is not a complete microdroplet method, but the principle is the same. With this structure, the peeling strength between the solder and the wire is much larger than the peeling strength between the fiber and the synthetic resin, and when the microdroplet 40 formed by the normal microdroplet method is formed by soldering. When the wire rod 113 is pulled so that the microdroplet 40 is peeled off by the blade 9 as in the first embodiment, the wire rod 113 is cut before the microdroplet 40 is peeled off. In order to prevent this, the wire rod 113 may be made thicker.
The adhesion length L of the microdroplet 40 is increased by the amount of thickening, and the peel strength is further increased, and the wire rod 113 is cut before the microdroplet 40 is peeled off. It is not possible to do.

Further, by performing all of these steps in an atmosphere of an inert gas, it is possible to prevent oxidation of the low melting point alloy 121 and the wire material 113, and to carry out a more complete evaluation test.

As the apparatus for conducting the evaluation test according to the second embodiment, the composite material interface characteristic evaluation apparatus 1 of the first embodiment can be used as it is. That is, the wire rod 113 is attached to the holder 2
Similarly, the metal plate 120 is fixed to the blade supporting arm 6
The low melting point alloy 121 may be heated in the heating furnace 8 to be melted.

The method of the present invention (claim 1) is a method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, wherein both ends (13a, 13a,
13b) is fixed to a horizontally movable holder 2 and a test material 41 in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire 13 to adhere the test material 41 to the fiber or wire 13 to form a microdroplet 40. After solidifying the microdroplets 40, a blade 9 for allowing the movement of the fibers or the wire 13 to the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplets 40 of the fiber or the wire 13 and preventing the movement of the microdroplets 40. By fixing one of the blade 9 and the holder 2 and moving the other, the microdroplet 40 is separated from the fiber or wire 13 by the blade 9, and the load acting during this movement is recorded. This is a method of obtaining the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet 40 from the fiber or the wire 13.

The method of the present invention (claim 2) is a method in which all the steps of the method of the above invention (claim 1) are carried out in an atmosphere of an inert gas. Further, the method of the present invention (claim 3) is a method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which both ends (13a, 13b) of a fiber or wire material 13 of a fixed length are placed in a holder 2 which is movable in the horizontal direction. After fixing, the holder 2 is placed in the heating furnace 8, the container 5 containing the solid test material 41 is suspended above the holder 2, and the heating furnace 8 heats the solid test material 41. The sample material 41 in a molten state is lowered and brought close to the fiber or wire 13 to adhere the sample material 41 to the fiber or wire 13 to form the microdroplets 40, and the temperature of the heating furnace 8 is increased. After the adjustment is performed to solidify the microdroplets 40, the movement of the fibers or the wire 13 is allowed to the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplets 40 of the fiber or the wire 13 and the movement of the microdroplets 40 is prevented. Fixing the blade 9, the holder 2 is moved fiber or wire 13
By moving the blade 9 to separate the microdroplet 40 from the fiber or wire 13 and recording the load acting on the holder 13 during this movement to shear the microdroplet 40 from the fiber or wire 13 at the time of interface separation. This is a method of obtaining stress. The method of the present invention (claim 4) is a method of carrying out all the steps of the invention (claim 3) in an atmosphere of an inert gas.

The method of the present invention (claim 5) is a method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method.
3b) is fixed to a horizontally movable holder 2 and a test material 41 in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire 13 to adhere the test material 41 to the fiber or wire 13 to form a microdroplet 40. And solidifying the microdroplets 40, the fibers or the wire 13 are provided on the front side of the fibers or the wire 13 in the moving direction of the microdroplets 40.
A blade 9 that allows the movement of the microdroplets 40 and prevents the movement of the microdroplets 40, and the blade 9 and the holder 2
One of them is fixed and the other is moved, the microdroplet 40 is separated from the fiber or wire 13 by the blade 9, and the load acting during this movement is recorded, so that the interface between the microdroplet 40 and the fiber or wire 13 is recorded. The shear stress at the time of peeling is obtained, the microdroplet 40 is externally recorded in an image, and the contact angle θ of the microdroplet 40 with respect to the fiber or the wire 13 is θ.
Is obtained from the video. In addition, the method of the present invention (claim 6) includes a metal plate 120 to which the low melting point alloy 121 can be attached.
A void 120b is provided in the central portion 120a of the
b is filled with the low melting point alloy 121, and the metal plate 120
The wire material 113 to which the low melting point alloy 121 can be attached is inserted into the central portion 120a of the metal, and these are heated to melt the low melting point alloy 121 and weld it to the metal plate 120 and the wire material 113. And the other is moved to separate the low melting point alloy 121 and the wire material 113, and the load acting during this movement is recorded to determine the shear stress at the time of interface separation of the low melting point alloy 121 with respect to the wire material 113. Is.

The method of the present invention (claim 7) is a method of carrying out all the steps of the invention (claim 6) in an atmosphere of an inert gas.

The present invention is configured as described above,
The operation will be described below. First, the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 will be described. When the evaluation test is performed in the atmosphere, the cover 1 is used.
0, the cover 8b in the left half of the drawing is tilted and opened by a hinge 60 as shown by an imaginary line as shown in FIG. 3, and the container lifting handle 58 is rotated clockwise in FIGS. The chain 44 is wound around 50, the weight 42 and the vertical axis 43 are raised to raise the container 5 to an appropriate height, and the solid sample material 41 (matrix resin) is put in the container (Fig. 11 (a)). ), On the other hand, the fiber or wire 13 has, for example, a diameter d = 7 μm, 500 GPa to 70
A single wire of carbon fiber having a high elastic modulus of 0 GPa or higher or a super high elastic modulus is used, and one end 13a and the other end 13b thereof are fixed to the holder 2 by an adhesive 14, and the holder 2 is armed by two screws 16. 15, the heating furnace 8 is closed, the power of the apparatus is turned on by the power supply controller 65 in FIG. 1, the desired temperature in the heating furnace 8 is set by the temperature setting device 64, and the power of the heating furnace 8 is turned on. .

As a result, the temperature in the heating furnace 8 rises from room temperature to a maximum of 400 ° C. and reaches a predetermined temperature. For example, even if the sample material 41 is a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin, it is appropriately melted. , Becomes fluid. Therefore, the container raising / lowering handle 58 is rotated counterclockwise in FIGS. 1 and 2 contrary to the above, and the container 5 is gently lowered as indicated by the arrow A so that the sample material 41 in the molten state becomes fiber or wire 13. When stopped so as to come into contact with each other, the sample material 41 comes out of the container 5 and adheres to the fiber or wire 13 (FIG. 11B).

Thereafter, when the container 5 is raised as shown by the arrow B, the microdroplets 40 are formed on the fiber or wire 13 (FIG. 11 (c)). And the round hole 8 of the heating furnace 8
The temperature in c is adjusted by the temperature setting device 64, and for example, 8
The microdroplets 40 (for example, epoxy resin) can be hardened by keeping at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes.

Then, as shown in FIG. 11 (d), the blade opening / closing device 66 is operated to bring the pair of blades 9, that is, the upper blade 9A and the lower blade 9B closer to each other as shown by arrows C and D, and A small gap is formed so as to come into contact with the periphery of the wire rod 13, and the microdroplets 40 are prepared to be pulled out from the fiber or the wire rod 13 and separated.

That is, when the blade opening / closing handle 83 is rotated counterclockwise in FIGS. 1 and 5, the shaft 81 and the bevel gear 82 rotate in the same direction, and the bevel gear 59, the shaft 67, and the bevel gear 79 are rotated in FIG. In FIG. 5, the bevel gear 77, the shaft 78, the universal joint 74, the hexagonal shaft 73, the universal joint 72, and the feed screw 71 rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. , The upper blade support arm 9A descends, and the lower blade support arm 9A
B rises, the pair of blades 9A and 9B move closer to each other, and adjustment is made so that a slight gap is formed around the fiber or the wire 13 depending on the thickness of the fiber or the wire 13.

At this time, if the centers of the pair of blades 9A and 9B do not coincide with the center of the diameter of the fiber or wire 13, the blade height adjusting device 87 is operated to make them coincide. That is, when the blade height adjusting handle 98 is rotated in either direction, the shaft 95 and the bevel gear 96 rotate, the feed screw 91 rotates via the bevel gear 94, and the block 90 moves up or down. As a result, the slide base 69 is raised or lowered via the bracket 88, and the entire pair of blades 9 is raised or lowered to adjust the vertical position of the blades. Can be matched. In this case, since the universal joint 72 is slidable with respect to the hexagonal shaft 73, the vertical movement of the feed screw 71 and the blade 9 is allowed. By the above operation, the preparation for evaluating the interface characteristics of the microdroplets 40 attached to the fibers or the wire material 13 by the microdroplet method is completed.

Here, the observation by the microscope 11 and the camera 12
Fiber or wire 13 and micro droplet 4
When recording an image of 0, the power source of the light source 62 is turned on to light it, and the microdroplet 40 is illuminated brightly through the sub-hole 8d of the heating furnace 8.
And the camera 12 to make it easier to see. Since the camera uses, for example, an instant camera, the image viewed from the side of the microdroplet 40 can be confirmed immediately after shooting. Then, from this image, the contact angle θ of the microdroplet 40 with respect to the fiber or wire 13 as shown in FIG. 8, the length L of the microdroplet 40, the thickness w, and the diameter d of the fiber or wire 13 can be obtained. .

That is, according to the method of Kyowa Interface Chemistry, the contact angle θ is θ = 2θ ₁ = 2ta for the microdroplet 40 approximated to an ellipse in FIG. 12D.
It can be obtained by the formula of n ⁻¹ (w / L).

The contact angle θ of the actual microdroplet 40 with respect to the fiber or wire 13 is measured from the shapes shown in FIGS. 12 (a), 12 (b) and 12 (c). In addition, the angle of the meniscus at the contact portion where both ends of the microdroplet 40 are actually in contact with the fiber or the wire 13 is measured, but this method can also be performed by photographs. The smaller the contact angle θ, the better the wettability of the microdroplets 40 to the fiber or the wire material 13, and the larger the peel strength.

In FIG. 12 (a), the microdroplets 40 are made of metal such as solder, and the fiber or wire 13
Is a metal wire such as a tin-plated wire, and the wire shown in (b) is
The microdroplet 40 is a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, the fiber or wire 13 is a single fiber such as carbon fiber, and the one shown in (c) is the microdroplet 40.
Is concrete, and the fiber or wire 13 is an iron wire having the same material and surface treatment as the reinforcing bar. For each of these various sample materials 41, the microdroplets 40 are attached to the fiber or wire 13 by the microdroplet method. Interface characteristics can be evaluated. However, when the microdroplets 40 are concrete, it is not always necessary to heat the test material 41 by the heating furnace 8, and it may be formed at room temperature and solidified at room temperature.

Next, the case of conducting the pull-out test will be described. In FIG. 1, the motor drive controller 38 is operated to bring the motor drive unit 39 into the operating state, and the motor 31
Then, the power is turned on to start the motor 31 shown in FIGS. 2 and 10. The motor 31 slowly rotates counterclockwise when viewed from below in FIGS. 2 and 10, rotates the bevel gear 28 by the bevel gear 36, and rotates the feed screw 26 counterclockwise when viewed from the right in FIGS. 2 and 10. Rotate in the direction. As a result, the slide base 21 starts to move gently in the direction of arrow E at a constant speed, and the bracket 30 and the load cell 4
The holder 2 is moved in the same direction by the arm 16 via
Since the fiber or wire 13 moves integrally with this in the direction of arrow E, the microdroplets 40 gradually approach the pair of blades 9 and finally abut against the blades 9 and cannot move any further. However, since the holder 2 moves further in the direction of arrow E than that, the blade 9 moves the micro droplet 4
Since 0 is pressed in the direction of arrow F, a large force gradually acts on the load cell 4, and the load (tension) accompanying this traction continues to increase until the microdroplets 40 separate from the fiber or wire 13. . Then, when the microdroplets 40 are separated from the fiber or the wire material 13, this load sharply decreases and stabilizes at a certain constant load. This stable load is due to the frictional force between the separated microdroplets 40 and the fiber or wire 13.

In this way, by recording the change in load until the microdroplets 40 separate from the fiber or wire 13 on the paper or the like by an electromagnetic oscillograph or a pen-writing oscillograph, the microdroplets 40 are recorded.
It is possible to measure the maximum load for separating the fiber from the fiber or wire 13. The maximum load at the time of pulling out is P, the diameter of the fiber or the wire 13 is d, and the microdroplet 4
When the length of 0 is L, the interfacial shear stress (interfacial shear strength or interfacial peel strength) τ can be calculated by the equation τ = P / (πd · L).

When the pull-out test is completed, the left half 8b of the heating furnace 8 in FIG. 3 is opened, the screw 16 is loosened, the holder 2 is removed from the arm 16, and another test piece is newly attached. In this way, the interface property evaluation test by the microdroplet method can be easily and rapidly repeated. Therefore, the fiber or wire 13
Even when a large number of tests are performed by variously changing the surface treatment of the above, the tests can be completed in a short time.

Further, since the fiber or wire 13 is gently pulled and moved at a constant speed, no unreasonable force is applied to the fiber or wire 13.
For single fiber of super high modulus carbon fiber of GPa or more,
By the method and apparatus of the present invention, the interface characteristic evaluation test by the microdroplet method can be performed without any problem.

Next, the case where the cover 10 is used to perform the evaluation test in an inert gas atmosphere will be described. In the same manner as above, when the preparation for the pull-out test is completed, the cover 10 is covered as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, and is brought into close contact with the machine frame 18 via the seal member 100 to make a plurality of Tighten and fix with bolts (not shown).

Then, an inert gas is supplied from an inert gas supply source (not shown) by a hose 101 as shown by an arrow G.
0 into the hose 102 as shown by the arrow H.
To discharge it to the outside and close both hoses 101 and 102. As a result, the inside of the cover 10 is filled with the inert gas and is in an oxygen-free state. In this state, the interface characteristic evaluation test by the microdroplet method can be performed in the same manner as above.

Also, when recording or photographing using the microscope 11 or the camera 12, the objective lens of the microscope 11 is brought close to the quartz glass 99 fitted in the cover 10 and the inside is seen to make the inside of the image clear. Observation is possible, and it is fully possible to record it as an image.

As described above, by performing the evaluation test by the microdroplet method in the inert gas, the metal and resin in the molten state, the heated wire and the like are not oxidized, and therefore the evaluation disturbance due to the oxidation is caused. Can be prevented and reliable evaluation results can be obtained.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 13 to 17 will be described. This is the interfacial shear stress (interfacial shear strength or interfacial peel strength) τ of the wire material 113 of the low melting point alloy 121. When measuring the
13 is designed so as not to be cut during pulling, and a void 120b formed in the central portion 120a of the metal plate 120.
Is filled with low melting point alloy 121 in advance, and this is wire 1
Insert through 13. At this time, as shown in FIG.
The void 120b is empty, and there is a gap between the void 120b and the wire 113. The void 120b is formed by the metal plate 12 in the figure.
It is formed by recessing like a counterbore from the right side of 0.

In this state, the wire material 113 is fixed to the holder 2 of the composite material interface characteristic evaluation apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the holder is attached to the arm 15 with the screw 16, and the metal plate 120 is attached.
Is fixed to the blade 9 and heated in the heating furnace 8 to melt the low melting point alloy 121. Then, the melted low-melting-point alloy 121 also enters into the vacant void 121b by a capillary phenomenon, and the total amount of the solid low-melting-point alloy 121 present in the counterbore-shaped void is constant. 1
In the melted state within 20, as shown in FIGS. 14, 15 and 17, it adheres to the wire material 113 with its width being slightly narrowed.

Therefore, the length L of the adhered mass of the low melting point alloy 121 corresponding to the microdroplets 40 is determined by the wire 1
Even if 13 is thickened, regardless of its diameter d, the metal plate 1
Even if a wire rod 113 that is limited by the thickness of 20 (thickness = length L) and is thick and has no risk of being cut by pulling is used,
The length L of the adhered mass does not exceed a certain value, the wire rod 113 is not broken at all, and the wire rod 113 is pulled as shown by an arrow E in FIG. 17, whereby a pull-out test can be performed.

As a result, an extremely large number of interface characteristic evaluation tests are required even in the case of developing a lead-free solder that does not contain lead in the future. Can be done easily and accurately,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an interfacial property evaluation method and apparatus that are very effective in developing a novel low melting point alloy.

[0084]

As described above, the present invention provides an interfacial property evaluation method for composite materials by the microdroplet method.
The ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a holder that can move in the horizontal direction, and the test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire to adhere the test material to the fiber or wire and After forming the droplets and solidifying the microdroplets, a blade that allows the movement of the fibers or the wire and blocks the movement of the microdroplets is arranged in front of the movement direction of the microdroplets of the fiber or the wire. The blade or holder is fixed and the other is moved, the microdroplet is separated from the fiber or wire by the blade, the load acting during this movement is recorded, and the fiber or wire of the microdroplet is recorded. Since the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling with respect to the Or, there is an effect that the evaluation by the microdroplet method of the interfacial characteristics between the wire and various resins, the test material such as concrete can be realized at an industrially practical level, and as a result, for example, thermosetting resin, heat For both plastic resins, ultra-fine carbon fibers with a diameter of 7 μm and high elastic modulus of 500 GPa or more and 700 G
Since the microdroplet method can be applied relatively easily to ultra-high elastic modulus carbon fibers of Pa or more, "difficulty in producing a test piece" and "difficulty in implementing the microdroplet method", which have been the biggest problems in the past, have been achieved. It has an epoch-making effect of being able to solve all the problems.

In the interfacial property evaluation method of the composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a holder movable in the horizontal direction, and the test material in a molten state on the fiber or wire. And the sample material is attached to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and the microdroplet is solidified, and then the fiber or wire is provided with the fiber or wire on the front side in the moving direction of the microdroplet. A blade that allows movement of the wire rod and blocks movement of the microdroplet is disposed, one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, and the microdroplet is separated from the fiber or wire rod by the blade, By recording the load acting during this movement, the shear response of the microdroplet to the fiber or wire rod during interfacial peeling Since all the steps are performed in an inert gas atmosphere, it is possible to prevent oxidation and moisture absorption at the adhesion interface between the fiber or wire and the test material, and as a result, to oxidize the material. There is an effect that a more objective evaluation result by the microdroplet method can be obtained without considering the change in characteristics due to moisture absorption.

Further, in the interfacial property evaluation method of the composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a holder movable in the horizontal direction, and the holder is placed in a heating furnace. A container containing a solid test material is suspended above the holder, and the solid test material is heated and melted in a heating furnace, and the molten test material is brought down to and approach the fiber or wire. The test material is attached to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, and the heating furnace is set to a low temperature to solidify the microdroplet, and then the fiber or wire is placed on the front side in the moving direction of the microdroplet. Alternatively, a blade that allows movement of the wire rod and blocks movement of the microdroplet is fixed, the holder moves the fiber or the wire rod, and the microdroplet is moved by the blade. Alternatively, it was peeled from the wire and the load applied to the holder during this movement was recorded to determine the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet fiber or wire. By using it, it becomes possible to more easily evaluate the interfacial properties of the composite material by the microdroplet method, and it is possible to obtain the effect that many evaluation tests can be performed industrially and reliably in a short time by repeating repeatedly. Further, as a result, there is an effect that the microdroplet method can be completely put to practical use at the industrialized level.

Further, in addition to the above structure, all the steps are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, so that it is possible to prevent the oxidation of the fiber or the wire and the test material due to the heating by the heating furnace. Alternatively, there is an effect that the evaluation test of the interfacial properties of the composite material by the more reliable microdroplet method can be performed in a state where the chemical properties of the wire and the test material are not changed.

Further, in the method for evaluating the interfacial characteristics of a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fiber or wire having a fixed length are fixed to a holder movable in the horizontal direction, and the test material in a molten state on the fiber or wire. The micro-droplets by adhering the test material to the fiber or wire by advancing the micro-droplets and solidifying the micro-droplets, and then the fiber or wire on the front side in the moving direction of the micro-droplet. A blade that allows movement of the wire rod and blocks movement of the microdroplet is disposed, one of the blade and the holder is fixed and the other is moved, and the microdroplet is separated from the fiber or wire rod by the blade, By recording the load acting during this movement, the shear response of the microdroplet to the fiber or wire rod during interfacial peeling In addition to the above, the microdroplet was recorded from the outside from the image, and the contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire was determined from the image. Therefore, only the shear strength of the microdroplet among the interfacial properties of the composite material was determined. In addition, there is an effect that the contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or the wire can be simultaneously and easily measured, and as a result, there is an effect that the microdroplet method can be more fully put into practical use.

Further, a space is provided in a part of the metal plate to which the low melting point alloy can be attached, the low melting point alloy is filled in the space, and the low melting point alloy can be attached to a part of the metal plate. Insert the wire rod, heat these to melt the low melting point alloy and weld it to the metal plate and the wire rod, fix one of the metal plate and the wire rod and move the other to separate the low melting point alloy and the wire rod, By recording the load acting during this movement, the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the low melting point alloy wire was determined, so the ratio of the length of the microdroplet to the diameter of the wire should be reduced to This has the effect of making the load required for the wire smaller and preventing the wire from breaking during drawing.As a result, not only the current interfacial characteristics of the lead solder with respect to the wire are evaluated by the microdroplet method, but also by the general method. It is possible to easily perform the evaluation test of the interface characteristics, it is possible to facilitate the realization of harmless non-lead solder for wire inevitable during lead-free solder practical as the manner required.

In addition to the above structure, all the steps described above are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, so that oxidation due to melting of the solder can be prevented and the adhesion of the molten solder to the wire can be completed. There is an effect that a more reliable evaluation result of the interface characteristics can be obtained.

Further, in the interfacial characteristic evaluation apparatus for composite materials by the microdroplet method, a holder that fixes both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire and is movable in the horizontal direction, and holder movement that moves the holder in the horizontal direction Device, a load measurement recording device for recording the load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, a test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire, and the test material is attached to the fiber or wire. And a container for the sample material configured to form microdroplets, a container up-and-down drive device for vertically moving the container, a heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container and heating them, and a fiber or wire rod. A blade disposed on the front side in the moving direction of the microdroplets, allowing the movement of the fibers or wires, and preventing the movement of the microdroplets. The micro-droplet is moved by the blade moving device to move the fiber or wire material, the microdroplets are separated from the fiber or wire material by the blade, and the load acting on the holder during this movement is recorded by the load measurement recording device. Since it is configured to calculate the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of droplet fibers or wires, an evaluation device that can be used industrially to quickly and reliably evaluate the interfacial properties of composite materials by the microdroplet method. In addition, there is an effect that the reliability of the fiber reinforced resin can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and the development of a new fiber reinforced resin can be facilitated.

Further, in addition to the above configuration, the holder, the holder moving device, a part of the load measuring and recording device, the container, the container up-and-down driving device, the heating furnace and the blade are housed in a hermetically sealed state, and an inert gas is contained therein. A cover to be filled, a microscope for enlarging and visually observing microdroplets formed on the fiber or wire inside the heating furnace, and a camera for recording an image of the microdroplets by the microscope. And the holder moving device moves the holder to move the fiber or wire, and the blade separates the microdroplets from the fiber or wire, and records the load acting on the holder during this movement by the load measurement recording device. By doing so, the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet fiber or wire is determined, and Since the process is configured to be performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, and the image of the microdroplet is recorded by a microscope and a camera to determine the contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire, It is possible to put into practical use an interface property evaluation device for composite materials by the microdroplet method in a perfect form, that is, a form capable of evaluating the shear strength of the interface and measuring the contact angle of the microdroplet, which is difficult to achieve in the past. "Difficulty in producing test pieces" and "Difficulty in implementation"
And the development of composite materials as various advanced technologies can be dramatically facilitated.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 12 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an interface property evaluation device for a composite material.

FIG. 2 is a front vertical sectional view of an interface property evaluation apparatus for a composite material.

FIG. 3 is a side vertical cross-sectional view of an interface property evaluation device for a composite material.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a blade height adjusting device.

FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional front view of the blade opening / closing device and the blade height adjusting device.

FIG. 6 is a partial vertical cross-sectional side view of a blade opening / closing device and a blade height adjusting device.

FIG. 7 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an interface property evaluation apparatus for a composite material.

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view showing a container of a sample material and a microdroplet attached and formed on a fiber or a wire of a holder.

FIG. 9 covers the holder housed in the heating furnace with a cover,
FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where microdroplets are formed by filling an inert gas.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view showing a state in which a pull-out test is performed by the microdroplet method.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state in which a solid sample material contained in a sample material container is heated and melted to adhere and form microdroplets on fibers or wires of a holder.

FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of various microdroplets attached to a fiber or a wire and a pseudo microdroplet for showing how to determine a contact angle.

13 to 17 relate to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wire rod and a metal plate showing a state before melting of a low melting point alloy.

FIG. 14 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wire and a metal plate showing a state after melting of a low melting point alloy.

FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a wire rod and a metal plate showing a state after melting of a low melting point alloy.

FIG. 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a wire rod, a metal plate and a heater in a state before melting the low melting point alloy.

FIG. 17 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a wire rod, a metal plate, and a heater in a state after melting the low melting point alloy.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Interface Evaluation Device for Composite Material 2 Holder 3 Holder Moving Device 4 Load Cell as an Example of Load Measurement Recording Device 5 Container for Test Material 6 Container Vertical Driving Device 8 Heating Furnace 9 Blade 9A Upper Blade 9B Lower Blade 10 Cover 11 Microscope 12 Camera 13 Fiber or Wire 13a One End 13b Other One End 40 Micro Droplet 41 Test Material 113 Wire Rod 120 Metal Plate 120a Part of Central Part 120b Void 121 Low Melting Point Alloy d Fiber or Wire Diameter L Micro Drop Length of the w w Microdroplet diameter θ Contact angle of the microdroplet

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. In a method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, both ends of a fiber or wire having a constant length are fixed to a holder that can move in the horizontal direction, and the fiber or wire is melted in a test sample. After bringing the materials close to each other to attach the test material to the fiber or wire to form microdroplets and solidify the microdroplets,
A blade that allows movement of the fiber or wire and blocks movement of the microdroplet is provided on the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed to the other. Move
Characterized in that the microdroplet is peeled from the fiber or wire by the blade, and the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling with respect to the fiber or wire of the microdroplet is recorded by recording the load acting during the movement. Method for evaluating interfacial properties of composite materials. 2. A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a holder that can move in the horizontal direction, and the fiber or wire is in a molten state. After bringing the materials close to each other to attach the test material to the fiber or wire to form microdroplets and solidify the microdroplets,
A blade that allows movement of the fiber or wire and blocks movement of the microdroplet is provided on the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed to the other. Move
Peeling the microdroplets from the fiber or wire by the blade, and determining the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling to the fibers or wire of the microdroplets by recording the load acting during this movement, and all of the above. A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material, which comprises performing the above step in an atmosphere of an inert gas. 3. A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, wherein both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a horizontally movable holder and the holder is placed in a heating furnace. , A container containing a solid sample material is suspended above the holder, the solid sample material is heated and melted by the heating furnace, and the sample material in a molten state is lowered into the fiber or wire. After adhering the test material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, the temperature of the heating furnace is adjusted to solidify the microdroplet, and then the microdrop of the fiber or wire. A blade that allows the movement of the fiber or wire rod and blocks the movement of the microdroplet is fixed on the front side in the moving direction of the let, and the holder is moved to move the fiber or wire rod, and It is possible to separate the microdroplet from the fiber or wire by a blade, and to record the load acting on the holder during this movement to determine the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the microdroplet from the fiber or wire. A method for evaluating the interfacial properties of a characteristic composite material. 4. A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed to a horizontally movable holder and the holder is placed in a heating furnace. , A container containing a solid sample material is suspended above the holder, the solid sample material is heated and melted by the heating furnace, and the sample material in a molten state is lowered into the fiber or wire. After adhering the test material to the fiber or wire to form a microdroplet, the temperature of the heating furnace is adjusted to solidify the microdroplet, and then the microdrop of the fiber or wire. A blade that allows the movement of the fiber or wire rod and blocks the movement of the microdroplet is fixed on the front side in the moving direction of the let, and the holder is moved to move the fiber or wire rod, and By peeling the microdroplet from the fiber or wire by a blade, while determining the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling to the fiber or wire of the microdroplet by recording the load acting on the holder during this movement, A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material, wherein all the steps are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas. 5. A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material by the microdroplet method, in which both ends of a fiber or wire having a fixed length are fixed to a holder movable in the horizontal direction and the fiber or wire is melted. After bringing the materials close to each other to attach the test material to the fiber or wire to form microdroplets and solidify the microdroplets,
A blade that allows movement of the fiber or wire and blocks movement of the microdroplet is provided on the front side of the movement direction of the microdroplet of the fiber or wire, and one of the blade and the holder is fixed to the other. Move
The microdroplet is peeled from the fiber or wire by the blade, and the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling to the fiber or wire of the microdroplet is recorded by recording the load acting during the movement, and the micro A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material, comprising recording a droplet from the outside from an image and determining a contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire from the image. 6. A metal plate to which a low melting point alloy can be attached is provided with a void, the low melting point alloy is filled in the void, and the low melting point alloy is attached to the part of the metal plate. Possible wire rods are inserted, and these are heated to melt the low melting point alloy and welded to the metal plate and the wire rod, one of the metal plate and the wire rod is fixed and the other is moved, and the low melting point A method for interfacial property evaluation of a composite material, characterized in that the alloy and the wire are separated, and the load acting during this movement is recorded to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the low melting point alloy with respect to the wire. 7. A metal plate to which a low melting point alloy can be attached is provided with a void, the low melting point alloy is filled in the void, and the low melting point alloy is attached to the part of the metal plate. Possible wire rods are inserted, and these are heated to melt the low melting point alloy and welded to the metal plate and the wire rod, one of the metal plate and the wire rod is fixed and the other is moved, and the low melting point The alloy and the wire are separated, and the shear stress at the time of interfacial separation of the low melting point alloy with respect to the wire is obtained by recording the load acting during this movement, and all the steps are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas. A method for evaluating interfacial properties of a composite material, comprising: 8. An interface characteristic evaluation apparatus for composite materials by the microdroplet method, wherein a holder that fixes both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire and is movable in the horizontal direction, and a holder that moves the holder in the horizontal direction. A moving device, a load measuring and recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, a test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire, and the test material is moved to the fiber or A container for the sample material that is configured to adhere to the wire to form microdroplets, a container up-and-down drive device that moves the container up and down, and a heating furnace that houses the holder and the container and heats them A blade disposed on the front side of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplet and allowing the fiber or wire to move and preventing the movement of the microdroplet And moving the holder by the holder moving device to move the fiber or wire, peeling the microdroplets from the fiber or wire by the blade, the load acting on the holder during this movement. An interface property evaluation apparatus for a composite material, characterized in that it is configured to obtain a shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplets with respect to the fibers or wires by recording with the load measurement recording device. 9. A device for interfacial property evaluation of a composite material by a microdroplet method, wherein a holder that fixes both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire and is movable in the horizontal direction, and a holder that moves the holder in the horizontal direction. A moving device, a load measuring and recording device that records a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, and a test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire to move the test material to the fiber or A container for the test material configured to be attached to the wire to form a microdroplet, a container up-and-down drive device for moving the container up and down, a heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container, and heating them. A block that is disposed on the front side of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplet and that allows the fiber or wire to move and blocks the movement of the microdroplet. And a holder, the holder moving device, a part of the load measuring and recording device, the container, the container vertical drive device, the heating furnace and the blade are housed in a hermetically sealed state and filled with an inert gas. And a cover configured to be performed, by moving the holder by the holder moving device to move the fiber or wire, to separate the microdroplets from the fiber or wire by the blade, during the movement of the The load acting on the holder is recorded by the load measurement recording device to obtain the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire, and all the steps are performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas in the cover. An interfacial property evaluation apparatus for composite materials, characterized in that it is configured to be performed in the inside. 10. An interface characteristic evaluation apparatus for composite materials by the microdroplet method, wherein both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed and the holder is movable in the horizontal direction, and the holder is moved in the horizontal direction. A holder moving device, a load measuring and recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, a test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire, and the test material is moved to the fiber. Alternatively, a container for a test material configured to be attached to a wire to form a microdroplet, a container vertical drive device for moving the container up and down, and a heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container and heating them And a breaker that is disposed on the front side of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplet and that allows the fiber or wire to move and blocks the movement of the microdroplet. A microscope for enlarging and visually observing the microdroplets formed on the fibers or wires inside the heating furnace, and a camera for recording an image of the microdroplets by the microscope. The holder moving device pulls the holder to move the fiber or wire, separates the microdroplets from the fiber or wire by the blade, and applies a load acting on the holder during this movement to the load. While measuring the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling of the microdroplet to the fiber or wire by recording with a measurement recording device, the image of the microdroplet is recorded by the microscope and the camera, and the microdroplet is recorded. Being configured to determine the contact angle with respect to the fiber or wire Interfacial characteristic evaluation apparatus of the composite, characterized. 11. A composite material interfacial property evaluation apparatus using the microdroplet method, wherein both ends of a fixed length of fiber or wire are fixed and the holder is movable in the horizontal direction, and the holder is moved in the horizontal direction. A holder moving device, a load measuring and recording device for recording a load acting on the holder during the operation of the holder moving device, a test material in a molten state is brought close to the fiber or wire, and the test material is moved to the fiber. Alternatively, a container for a test material configured to be attached to a wire to form a microdroplet, a container vertical drive device for moving the container up and down, and a heating furnace for accommodating the holder and the container and heating them And a breaker that is disposed on the front side of the fiber or wire in the moving direction of the microdroplet and that allows the fiber or wire to move and blocks the movement of the microdroplet. And a holder, the holder moving device, a part of the load measuring and recording device, the container, the container up-and-down drive device, the heating furnace, and the blade are housed in a hermetically sealed state and filled with an inert gas. And a microscope for enlarging and viewing the microdroplets formed on the fibers or wires inside the heating furnace, and for recording an image of the microdroplets by the microscope. With a camera
The holder moving device moves the holder to move the fiber or wire, the blade separates the microdroplets from the fiber or wire, and the load acting on the holder during this movement is recorded on the load measurement record. It is configured to determine the shear stress at the time of interfacial peeling to the fiber or wire of the microdroplets by recording with an apparatus, and configured to perform all the steps in an atmosphere of an inert gas, A composite material interface property evaluation apparatus, characterized in that an image of the microdroplet is recorded by the microscope and the camera to obtain a contact angle of the microdroplet with respect to the fiber or wire.