JPH0833176B2 - Power transmission device - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a power transmission device that is used in an automatic transmission of an automobile or the like and that switches a power transmission path to a plurality of stages.
Particularly, the present invention relates to a weight reduction measure when a plurality of clutch devices are provided.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in this type of power transmission device, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-133149, a plurality of clutch devices are provided, and a combination of the discontinuous states of the respective clutch devices is provided. Allows the power transmission path to be switched to multiple stages,
The power required to drive a car is obtained as appropriate.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in the case where a plurality of clutch devices are provided as described above, each of the clutch devices is provided with a friction member for intermittently transmitting power as disclosed in the above publication. It has an operation piston for engaging and releasing the friction member. Therefore, the same number of operating pistons as the number of clutch devices and hydraulic chambers and hydraulic circuits for their operation are required, and the weight increases, and the starting performance and the shifting performance deteriorate with an increase in the rotating mass. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and particularly focuses on the intermittent relation of power transmission between three predetermined clutch devices. That is, among the three clutch devices, in particular, the two clutch devices are not in the engaged state at the same time, and in the engaged state of the remaining clutch devices, one clutch device is in the released state and the other clutch device is in the engaged state. The device has the following features when each is operated in the fastening state.
Now, when the remaining clutch device is engaged when the one clutch device is engaged, it is necessary to open the one clutch device and simultaneously engage the other clutch device. The two operation clutches of the clutch device are shared, and the remaining clutch devices are engaged,
One of the operating pistons can be abolished by selecting either one or the other to be engaged according to the open state (the operating state of the operating piston). Therefore, in the three clutch devices having the above-mentioned discontinuity relationship, By operating the engagement and disengagement of three clutch devices with two operating pistons, the weight is reduced by the amount corresponding to one operating piston, and the starting mass and shifting performance are improved by reducing the rotating mass. Is to try.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the solving means of the present invention is
As shown, the first, second and third clutch devices 10,1
3 and 11, the second and third clutch devices 13 and 11 are not simultaneously engaged with each other, and when the first clutch device 10 is engaged, the second clutch device 13 is released and the third clutch device 11 is It is premised on a power transmission device that is constrained by a combination to be fastened. Under this premise, the first and second clutch devices 10 and 13 are respectively provided with first and second friction members 10c and 13c that intermittently transmit power and tip portions of the friction members 10c and 13c. And the first and second operation pistons 10d and 13d that engage and disengage the friction members 10c and 13c in opposition to each other, while the third clutch device 11 connects and disconnects the power transmission. 3 The friction member 11c is provided. Further, the third clutch device 11 is provided with a pressure transmitting member 11d having a tip end facing the third friction member 11c. Then, the first clutch device 10 and the third clutch device 13 are arranged so that the first operation piston 10d and the pressure transmission member 11d face each other.
The second clutch device 13 and the third clutch device 11 are arranged such that the pressure transmission member 11d is arranged on the second operation piston 13d so as to be movable in the operation direction. Further, when the first clutch device 10 is opened, the pressure transmitting member 11d is set in a state in which the pressure transmitting member 11d is movable in the moving direction of the second operating piston 13d without interfering with the first operating piston 10d. When 10 is fastened, the first operating piston 10d
The stroke position for engaging the third friction member 11c is smaller than the stroke amount of the second operation piston 13d, which is the reference position on the second operation piston 13d.

(Operation) With the above configuration, in the present invention, as a premise, when the first clutch device 10 is disengaged, the second clutch device can be engaged and the third clutch device 11 cannot be engaged and is in the disengaged state. On the other hand, when the first clutch device 10 is engaged, on the contrary, the second clutch device 13 is released and the third clutch device 11 is released.
Are concluded.

In that case, when the first clutch device 10 is opened, the second clutch device 13 is engaged by the operation of the second operating piston 13d in the engaging direction. At this time, the pressure transmitting member 11d is the first operating piston due to the released state of the first clutch device 10.
Since the third friction device 11c of the third clutch device 11 is not pressed by the pressure transmission member 11d because it does not interfere with 10d and is movable on the second operation piston 13d, the third clutch device 11d is not pressed. Is open.

On the other hand, when the first clutch device 10 is engaged, the pressure transmitting member 11d moves in the engaging direction along with the operation of the first operating piston 10d and is positioned at the reference position, and in this state, along with the operation of the second operating piston 13d. Since the third friction member 11c is fastened, the third clutch device 11 is fastened. This time,
Even if the second operation piston 13d of the second clutch device 13 tries to move further in the engagement direction, the pressure transmission member 11d restricts the movement thereof, so that the engagement of the second friction member 13c by the second operation piston 13d is prevented or When the second clutch device 13 is released, the second clutch device 13 is released.

Here, the connection and disconnection of the first and second clutch devices 10 and 13 is
The operation is performed according to the operation of the operation pistons 10c and 13c, respectively, but in the third clutch device 11, the operation is performed according to the operation of the operation pistons 10c and 13c of both the first and second clutch devices 10 and 13. Since one piston and the hydraulic chamber and hydraulic circuit corresponding thereto are not required, the weight can be reduced accordingly, and the starting performance and the shifting performance are improved by reducing the rotating mass.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on drawing.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an automatic transmission of an automobile, where 1 is an engine output shaft, 2 is a pump 2a connected to the engine output shaft 1, a turbine 2b, and a stator 2c. And a fluid converter 3 having a one-way clutch 20 for preventing the stator 2c from rotating in the opposite direction to the turbine 2b, and 3 is a speed change gear device connected to a converter output shaft 2d connected to the turbine 2b of the fluid converter 2. .

The speed change gear device 3 includes a Ravigneaux type planetary gear mechanism 4 therein, and the planetary gear mechanism 4 includes a small-diameter sun gear 5 and a large-diameter sun gear 6 arranged in front and rear, and a short pinion gear 7 meshing with the small-diameter sun gear 5. A long pinion gear 8 that meshes with the large-diameter sun gear 6 and the short pinion gear 7 and a ring gear 9 that meshes with the long pinion gear 8. The small-diameter sun gear 5 is connected to the output shaft 2d of the fluid converter 2 via a forward clutch 10 arranged at the rear of the small-diameter sun gear 5 and a first one-way clutch 21 that blocks reverse driving of the converter output shaft 2d by the small-diameter sun gear 5. With the forward clutch
It is connected to the converter output shaft 2d through a coasting clutch 11 connected in parallel with 10. Also,
The large sun gear 6 is a 2-4 brake arranged behind it.
12 and a reverse clutch 13 disposed below the 2-4 brake 12 are connected to the output shaft 2d of the fluid converter 2. Further, the long pinion gear 8 has
The long pinion gear 8 through the rear carrier 14
A low & reverse brake 15 for fixing the engine and a second one-way clutch 22 for permitting rotation of the long pinion gear 8 in the same direction as the engine output shaft 1 are connected. on the other hand,
The front carrier 16 of the long pinion gear 8 is connected to the converter output shaft 2d via a 3-4 clutch 17. In addition, the ring gear 9 is connected to the output gear 18 arranged in front of it. In the figure, 19 is a lock-up clutch that directly connects the engine output shaft 1 and the converter output shaft 2d, and 23 is an oil pump driven by the engine output shaft 1 via an intermediate shaft 24.

The following table shows the operating states of each clutch and brake at each shift speed in the above configuration.

As can be seen from the above table, the reverse clutch 13 (second clutch device) and the coasting clutch (third clutch device) 11 are included in the three sets of forward, coasting and reverse clutch devices 10, 11, 13. Are not engaged at the same time with each other, and the forward clutch (first
When the clutch device 10 is engaged, the reverse clutch 13 is opened and the coasting clutch 11 is operated so that the present invention is applied to the three sets of clutch devices 10, 11, 13. It

Next, FIG. 1 shows a specific configuration of the above three sets of clutch devices.

First, the reverse clutch 13 (second clutch device)
An outer peripheral drum 13a connected to the large-diameter sun gear 6 of the planetary gear mechanism 4, an inner peripheral drum 13b spline-coupled to the converter output shaft 2d of the fluid converter 2, and both drums planted in the respective drums. A second friction member 13c to be fastened,
A second operation piston 13d, which is spline-coupled to the inner peripheral side drum 13b and has a tip end facing the second friction member 13c for engaging and disengaging the second friction member 13c. A hydraulic chamber 13e is formed between 13d and the inner drum 13b, and the second operating piston 13d is moved rightward in the drawing by the supply of pressure oil to the hydraulic chamber 13e.
The second friction member 13c is configured to be press-contacted and fastened while being fixedly held by the retainer 13f.

The forward clutch 10 (first clutch device)
Has an inner peripheral side drum 13b of the reverse clutch 13 as an outer peripheral side drum, and has an inner peripheral side drum 10b connected to the small-diameter sun gear 5 of the planetary gear mechanism 4 via a first one-way clutch 21. Between the second operation piston 13d on the inner circumference of the outer peripheral side drum 13b and the inner peripheral side drum 10b, there is arranged a first friction member 10c which is planted in both of them to perform an operation of fastening and releasing the both. . Further, a first operation piston 10d is arranged on the left side of the drawing facing the first friction member 10c,
The first operation piston 10d is slidably included in the second operation piston 13d of the reverse clutch 13 and is arranged in the opening direction by a return spring 10e compressed between the first operation piston 10d and the outer peripheral side drum 13b. It is biased to the left in the figure). The hydraulic chamber 10f is provided between the first operating piston 10d and the second operating piston 13d of the reverse clutch 13.
Is formed, the pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 10f to move the first operating piston 10d to the right in the drawing, and the tip end portion of the first operating piston 10d is pressed against the first friction member 10c. While the first friction member 10 is fastened, the first operating piston 10c and the second operating piston 13d are moved leftward in the drawing by the urging force of the return spring 10e when the pressure oil is not supplied, and the forward operation is performed. The clutch 10 and the reverse clutch 13 are configured to be released.

Thus, the coasting clutch 11 (third clutch device) uses the inner peripheral side drum 13b of the reverse clutch 13 as the outer peripheral side drum, and is connected to the small diameter sun gear 5 of the speed change gear mechanism 4 directly on the inner peripheral side. A drum 11b is provided, and a third friction member 11c, which is planted in each of the drums and operates to fasten and release the drums, is arranged between the drums.

In addition, a retaining plate 11d as a pressure transmitting member is provided on the left side of the figure facing the third friction member 11c.
Is arranged. The retaining plate 11d has a front end facing the third friction member 11c, and a rear end of the retaining plate 11d that serves as a first clutch of the forward clutch (first clutch device) 10.
It faces the operating piston 10d via the first friction member 10c. The retaining plate 11d is spline-fitted to the second operating piston 13d of the reverse clutch 13 so as to be movable in the left-right direction in the drawing (the direction in which the friction member is fastened and released), and the forward clutch (first (1 clutch device) 10 when the first operation piston 10d is opened
Of the second operating piston 13d of the reverse clutch 13 because the retaining plate 11d does not interfere with the first operating piston 10d located at this position because the retaining plate 11d abuts the inner wall surface of the second operating piston 13d. The second operating piston 13d of the reverse clutch (second clutch device) 13 is in a movable state even when the second operating piston 13d is moved.
Reverse clutch 13 for engaging the second friction member 13c with d
While the forward clutch 10 is engaged, the first operating piston 10d moves rightward in the drawing when the forward clutch 10 is engaged, and the retaining plate 11d moves rightward in the drawing together with the first friction member 10c. And is positioned at the illustrated reference position in which the retainer 11e disposed on the right side of the drawing is abutted and engaged, and the first friction member 10c is fastened at this reference position.

Second operation piston 13d of the retaining plate 11d
The upper reference position has a small stroke amount until the retaining plate 11d presses the third friction member 11c against the retainer 11f while pressing the third friction member 11c against the reference plate,
The second operation piston 13d of the reverse clutch 13 is the second
The friction member 13c is set at a position where it is less than the stroke amount until the friction member 13c is pressed into contact with the retainer 13f and is fastened. In other words, when the retaining plate 11d is at the reference position, when the second operating piston 13d moves to the right in the figure, the third friction member 11c is engaged and the second friction member 13c is not engaged. Is set to.

Therefore, in the above-described embodiment, when the forward clutch (first clutch device) 10 is requested to be engaged, the first operating piston 10d moves to the right in FIG. 2 and the retaining plate 11d moves above the second operating piston 13d. The first friction member 10c is fastened while being positioned at the reference position of.

When only the reverse clutch (second clutch device) 13 is requested to be engaged (during backward movement), the second operation piston 13
Moves to the right in the figure and fastens the second friction member 13c. At this time, the retaining plate 11d remains movable on the second operating piston 13d even when the second operating piston 13d is moving due to the non-operation of the first operating piston 10d, and the retaining clutch 11 (3rd Clutch device)
Do not conclude 11.

Further, when the coasting clutch (third clutch device) 11 is requested to be engaged, the forward clutch (first clutch device) 10 is engaged and the reverse clutch (second clutch device) 13 is released, as can be seen from the above table. There is a relationship. In this case, both the first operating piston 10d and the second operating piston 13d operate and move rightward in the figure. As a result, the forward clutch (first clutch device) 10 is moved by the movement of the first operating piston 10d.
And the retaining plate 11d is positioned at the reference position on the second operating piston 13d with the movement of the first operating piston 10d, and with the movement of the second operating piston 13d. Move to the right. At this time, since the stroke amount of the retaining plate 11d is smaller than the stroke amount of the second operation piston 13d,
The friction member 11c is engaged, the coasting clutch 11 is engaged, and the reverse clutch 13 is not engaged.
Forward traveling at each of the second speed and the third speed is ensured.

At this time, in the coasting clutch 11, since the retaining plate 11d can be engaged / disengaged with the third friction member 11c, a dedicated operating piston is not required. Therefore, one operating piston and the corresponding hydraulic pressure are used. Since the chamber and the hydraulic circuit are not required, the weight can be reduced accordingly, and the starting performance and the shifting performance can be improved by reducing the rotating mass.

In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to the three clutch devices 10, 11, 13 of forward, coasting and reverse, but other three clutch devices may be used.
Needless to say, the present invention can be similarly applied when the above-described engagement-release relationship between the three sets of clutch devices of the present embodiment is present. However, three sets of clutch devices 10 of the present embodiment,
Since 11 and 13 are located close to each other, the length of the pressure transmitting member can be effectively shortened, which is preferable.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the power transmission device of the present invention, the engagement / disengagement relationship between the three sets of clutch devices is different from that of the second clutch device and the third clutch device at the same time. When the second clutch device is released and the third clutch device is engaged when the first clutch device is not engaged and the first clutch device is engaged, the third clutch device is engaged first.
Since the operation is performed by operating both the operation piston of the second clutch device and the operation piston, one operation piston and a hydraulic chamber or hydraulic circuit corresponding thereto are not required, so that the weight can be reduced and the rotating mass can be reduced. It is possible to improve the starting performance and the shifting performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a main part of a power transmission device, and FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram of a power transmission system. 10 ... Forward clutch (1st clutch device), 10c
...... First friction member, 10d ...... First operation piston, 13 ......
Reverse clutch (second clutch device), 13c ... Second
Friction member, 13d ... Second operation piston, 11 ... Coasting clutch (third clutch device), 11c ... Third friction member, 11d ... Retaining plate (pressure transmitting member).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first clutch device, a second clutch device, and a third clutch device, wherein the second clutch device and the third clutch device are not simultaneously engaged with each other, and when the first clutch device is engaged, the second clutch device is opened. And the third clutch device is constrained by a combination to be engaged, wherein the first and second clutch devices are respectively a first and a second friction member for intermittently transmitting power transmission, and the respective friction members. And a first operation piston for engaging and disengaging the respective friction members, the distal end of which faces the member, and the third clutch device, on the other hand, has a third friction member for intermittently transmitting power. Further, the third clutch device has a pressure transmitting member whose tip portion faces the third friction member, and the first clutch device and the third clutch device respectively transmit the pressure with the first operating piston. Placement relationship with members In there, and the second clutch device and the third clutch device,
The pressure transmission member is arranged in the second operation piston so as to be movable in the operation direction of the second operation piston, and the pressure transmission member does not interfere with the first operation piston when the first clutch device is opened to perform the second operation. A stroke amount in which the piston is in a movable state in its movement direction, is positioned by the first operating piston when the first clutch device is engaged, and is the reference position on the second operating piston, and engages the third friction member. Is positioned at a position smaller than the stroke amount of the second operation piston.